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General introduction
Introduction
Insurance other than Life Insurance falls under the category of General
Insurance. General Insurance comprises of insurance of property against fire,
burglary etc, personal insurance such as Accident and Health Insurance, and
liability insurance which covers legal liabilities. There are also other covers such as
Errors and Omissions insurance for professionals, credit insurance etc.
Non-life insurance companies have products that cover property against Fire
and allied perils, flood storm and inundation, earthquake and so on. There are
products that cover property against burglary, theft etc. The non-life companies
also offer policies covering machinery against breakdown,there are policies that
cover the hull of ships and so on. A Marine Cargo policy covers goods in transit
including by sea, air and road. Further, insurance of motor vehicles against
damages and theft forms a major chunk of non-life insurance business.
Personal insurance covers include policies for Accident, Health etc. Products
offering Personal Accident cover are benefit policies. Health insurance covers
offered by non-life insurers are mainly hospitalization covers either on
reimbursement or cashless basis. The cashless service is offered through Third
Party Administrators who have arrangements with various service providers, i.e.,
hospitals. The Third Party Administrators also provide service for reimbursement
claims. Sometimes the insurers themselves process reimbursement claims.
Accident and health insurance policies are available for individuals as well
as groups. A group could be a group of employees of an organization or holders of
credit cards or deposit holders in a bank etc. Normally when a group is covered,
insurers offer group discounts.
There are general insurance products that are in the nature of package
policies offering a combination of the covers mentioned above. For instance, there
are package policies available for householders, shop keepers and also for
professionals such as doctors, chartered accountants etc. Apart from offering
standard covers, insurers also offer customized or tailor-made ones.
Very risk involves the loss of one or other kind. In older time, the
contribution by the person was made at the time of loss. Today, only one business,
which offers all walks of life, is insurance business. Owing to growing complexity
of life, trade and commerce, individual and business firms and turning to insurance
to manage various risks. Every individual in this world is subject to unforeseen
uncertainties which may make him and his family vulnerable. At this place, only
insurance helps him not only to survive but also recover his loss and continue his
life in a normal manner.
Insurance contracts that do not come under the ambit of life insurance are called
general insurance. The different forms of general insurance are fire, marine, motor,
accident and other miscellaneous non-life insurance.
History:
The GOI transferred all the assets and operations of the nationalized general
insurance companies to GIC and other public-sector insurance companies. After a
process of mergers and consolidation, GIC was re-organized with four fully owned
subsidiary companies: National Insurance Company Limited, New India
Assurance Company Limited, Oriental Insurance Company Limited and United
India Insurance Company.
GIC and its subsidiaries had a monopoly on the general insurance business
in India until the landmark Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority
Act (IRDA Act) of 1999 came into effect on 19 April 2000. This act also amended
the GIBNA Act and Insurance Act of 1938. The act along with the amendments
ended the monopoly of GIC and its subsidiaries and liberalized the insurance
business in India.
As a result of these reforms, GIC became the sole Re-Insurer in India, and is
now called GIC Re. Indian insurance companies are required by law to cede 5% of
every policy value to GIC Re w.e.f. 1 April 2013, subject to some limitations and
exceptions. GIC Re has diversified its operations and is now emerging as an
important Re-Insurer in SAARC countries, Southeast Asia, Middle
East and Africa, Europe and America. As an Indian Reinsurer with global footprint
GIC Re has expanded its international operations through branches in London,
Moscow, Dubai and Kuala Lumpur and is further planning to establish offices in
key regions.
As of 2012 GIC Re ranked 14th largest Re insurer and 4th largest Aviation
Re insurer in the world (S&P Ratings). GIC Re has a rating of A- (Excellent)
from A. M. Best for its financial strength.[4] As of 2014 GIC Re has been assigned
National Scale AAA Reliability Rating And Global Scale iA- Credit Rating by
Russian National Rating Agency (NRA).
In India, the concept of insurance was prevalent even during ancient times.
The reference of insurance is found in Rigveda with the name yogakshema
more or less related to the well being and security of the people. Hammurabi in
2100BC, formalized the concept of the civic responsibilities, bottomry and
respondentia. Bottomry and respondentia loans refer to marine contracts covering
vessels and cargo. However, there is no evidence that insurance in its present form
was practiced prior to the twelfth century.
1. Marine Insurance :
Insurance in the oldest form existed in the form if marine insurance. there was a
contract of Bottomry bond, under this, the system of credit and the law of interest
were well developed and were based on a appreciation of the hazards involved and
the means of safeguarding against it. If the ship was lost, the loan and interest were
forfeited. The contract of insurance was made a part of the contract of carriage.
Freight was fixed according to seasons and was very reasonable. Various risks
were involved with marine transport like heavy winds, highway robbery, capturing
by kings enemies. So to safeguard that, the marine traders developed a method of
spreading that financial loss.
2. Fire Insurance :
Marine insurance was followed by fire insurance. it had been originated in
Germany in the beginning if the sixteen century. In England in 1666 there was
great fire in which about 85 percent of the houses were burnt and property worth of
sterling ten crores were completely burnt off. Fire insurance office was established
in 1681 in England. After this, fire insurance spread all over the world.
In India, the general insurance started working with the establishment of the Triton
Insurance Calcutta in 1850. However general insurance could not progress much in
India.
3. Life Insurance :
Life insurance first started in England in the sixteen century. The first life
insurance policy was of Willam Gybbons on June 18,1653. The first registered life
office in England was the Hand in Hand Society established in 1696. The life
insurance did not progress much in the United States during the eighteenth century.
In India, some European started the first life insurance company in Bengal
Presidency, viz, the Oriental Life Assurance Company in 1818. Then in 1871,
Bombay Mutual Life Assurance Society was established. In 1874 another
important life insurance office was started Oriental Government Security Life
Assurance Co. Ltd sooner than several offices developed in India.
4. Miscellaneous Insurance :
Miscellaneous Insurance take place at the later part of the nineteenth century with
the industrial revolution in England. Various insurance were developed like
accident insurance, fidelity insurance, liability insurance. The main institution was
Lloyds association. Now, various insurance are taking place like cattle insurance,
crop insurance, project insurance etc.
Types of insurance:
We hear about so many insurance policies and the various terms in it. But
how many of us truly understand what the different types of general insurance
policies mean and what they protect? There are essentially two types of insurance,
life insurance and general insurance. While life insurance is a coverage that pays
out a certain amount to the beneficiaries in event of death of the insured, general
insurance protects against the unforeseen losses and damages other than those
covered by life insurance.
Motor Insurance:
Motor Insurance can be divided into two group, one is car Four wheeler
insurance and other is two wheeler insurance.
You love long drives and speeding on the highways. But have you secured your
lovable ride? Motor insurance, that includes car insurance and two wheeler
insurance, covers all damages and liability to the vehicle. Moreover, according to
the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, driving a motor vehicle without insurance in a
public place is a punishable offense.
Health Insurance:
Common types of health insurance includes, individual health insurance,
family floater health insurance, comprehensive health insurance and critical
illnes insurance.
Ill health can result in a major halt in your life and work. Moreover, the
escalating price of health care costs means that you would be shelling out a
massive amount of money to bear the brunt of these costs. This is the reason why
you would need health insurance to cover your medical expenses following
hospitalization from sudden illnesses or expenses caused by accidents. This also
includes cashless facility in empanelled hospitals, pre and post hospitalization
expenses, and ambulance charges. Here are some of the common types of health
insurance policies:
Individual
A policy such as the Health Guard Family Floater Option covers family
members under a single plan. The fixed sum insured can be availed by individual
member or as a sum total for treatment of one person.
Surgery Cover
Personal Accident
Critical Illness
Travel Insurance:
Home Insurance:
Commercial Insurance
Commercial insurance offers solutions for all sectors of the industry ranging from
automotive, aviation, construction, chemicals, foods and beverages, manufacturing,
oil and gas, pharmaceuticals, power, technology, telecom, textiles, transport and
logistics.
Marine insurance
Liability insurance
Engineering insurance
Energy insurance
Marine Insurance:
Marine cargo insurance covers goods, freight, cargo and other interests
against loss or damage during transit by rail, road, sea and/or air.
Commercial Insurance:
Bajaj Allianz
Introduction:
Bajaj Allianz General Insurance has been chosen as the Best General Insurance
Company in India as well as Asia by organizations such as Asia Insurance industry
Awards, Money Today FPCIL Awards, Vijayvavani BFSI Excellence Awards 2015,
etc. The company was adjudged as the Aon Best Employer 2016 for its healthy
work environment and employee friendly policies. In 2015, the company won the
Claims award Asia for the 3rd consecutive year, highlighting its superior claims
management procedures and was recognized as the Economic Times Best
Corporate Brand 2016. Bajaj Allianz General Insurance was ranked 2nd in terms of
having a loyal health insurance customer base in the country, by a survey done by
IMRB. It was also recognized as the Most Admired Health Insurance Company of
the Year by Pharma Leaders Power Brands Awards 2015.
The Company lists 97 filed and approved products, of which 27 are health
products.
10% cumulative bonus benefit for each claim free year up to 100%
Daily Cash Benefit for Accompanying an Insured Child (Rs. 500 per day
maximum up to 10 days, up to age 12yrs
3) Benefits of travel insurance:
Covers you against trip cancellation, trip curtailment and burglary of your
home*
Quick disbursement of claims
Only insurance company with in-house international toll-free numbers and fax
numbers
Several home insurance plan types with various coverage options for you to
choose from
Option to insure either the flat/apartment/building only, or contents only, or
both
Affordable premium and attractive rebates
Chapter 3
ANALYSIS OF DATA
25
20
male
15
female
10
0
Yes No Total
25
20
male
15
female
10
0
Yes No Total
According to Question -4)
30
25
20
male
15
female
10
0
Yes No Total
According to Question -5)
30
25
20
male
15
female
10
0
Yes No Total
According to Question -7)
Expected answer male female
high 15 18
low 12 2
average 8 10
total 30 30
30
25
20
male
15
female
10
0
high low average total
According to Question -9)
Expected
answer male female
experienced 20 12
goodwill 15 10
recommendatio
n 5 8
total 30 30
30
25
20
male
15
female
10
0
high low average total
30
25
20
male
15
female
10
0
yes no total
Chapter 4
INTERPRETATION
(A) Finding:
It has been found out that different customers are having different views in
relation to their bank and the service provided to them, the following are shown in
the bar chart provided above to understand it easily.
1) Maximum numbers of the customers are satisfied with the policy they hold.
2) Customers have chosen the respective company considering to their service and
goodwill.
3) The company should maintain the goodwill and provide good service to the
customers.
4) Most of the customer pay their premium through online mean.
(B) Suggestion:
1) The agent should not provide any policy to earn profit.
2) Company should maintain their goodwill by providing right product to the
customers.
3) The agent should not provide any policy to earn profit.
4) The company and the customers should mutually trust each other.
5) The company should clear the claim made by the company as soon as
possible.
6) The customer should provide the right data to the company while asked.
CONCLUSION
Not only the insurance companies now-a-days set their R&D department
with an aim to come up with more and more ever changing ans challenging
situation to set up their new policies in order to face the people in the market.
One of the other important things in automobile insurance is that the policy
determination could be on the actual value or reimbursing value of the certain
property.
Annexure 1:
Questionnaire (customer):
Yes No
Yes NO
5) Are the company staff / agent providing you with good service?
Yes No
Ans
7) How is your premium amount?
8) Does the company provide you with good after sale services?
Yes No
Yes No