Notation

MEd is the applied bending moment

Mpl,a,Rd,red is the reduced bending resistance of the steel section (see 2.3.2.3
above)
Mpl,Rd,red is the composite bending resistance reduced for high shear (Mpl,Rd,red =
Mpl,Rd if shear is not high, see 2.3.2.4.3 above )
bo is the mean width of the concrete rib
hp is overall depth of the profiled steel deck
hsc is nominal height of the stud connector
nr is number of shear connectors in a group
Asf is the cross sectional area of the steel reinforcement resisting shear
fyd is the design strength of the reinforcement
sf is the spacing of the reinforcement along the beam
Ap is the effective cross sectional area of the concrete of the sheet
fyp,d is the design strength of the profiled sheet
hf is the height of concrete resisting shear (defined in 6.6.1.4(1) EN 1994-1-1)
f
is a reduction factor for cracked concrete in shear given by 0.6 1 ck
250
fcd is the design strength of the concrete
is the angle of the concrete compression strut 21.50 450
Aa is the cross sectional area of the steel member
hc is thickness of the concrete flange (based on the average depth of concrete)
hp is overall depth of the profiled steel deck
h is the overall depth of the composite member
is modular ratio where = 2Ea/Ecm (see clause 5.4.2.2(11) EN 1994-1-1)
Ecm is the elastic secant modulus of concrete from Table 3.1 EN 1992-1-1
beff is effective width of the concrete flange
Ia is second moment of area of the steel member (see 2.3.2.3.3 above)
is 0.5 for propped construction and 0.3 for unpropped construction
a is the deflection which would be caused due to steel beam alone
c is the deflection of the composite beam with complete interaction
is the degree of shear connection
EI is dynamic flexural rigidity of the member (Nm)
m is the effective mass (kg/m)
L is the span of the member (m)
k is a constant representing the beam support conditions for the 1st mode of vibration
g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s 2).
is the maximum deflection due to the self weight and any other loads that may be
considered to be permanent.
fctm is the mean value of axial tensile strength of concrete (Table 3.1 EN 1992-1-1)
Ac is the cross sectional area of the concrete (beff hc)
fyk is the characteristic yield strength of the reinforcement (generally 500 N/mm2)
Ea is the elastic modulus of the structural steel
Ia is the second moment of area of the structural steel element
Es is the elastic modulus of the reinforcement
Is is the second moment of area of the reinforcement
Ke is a shear correction factor to be taken as 0.6
Ic is the second moment of area of the uncracked concrete area
Aa is the area of the structural steel
fyk is the characteristic strength of the structural steel element
Ac is the area of the concrete
fck is the characteristic strength of the concrete
As is the area of the reinforcement
fsk is the characteristic strength of the reinforcement
Le is the effective length (not described in code but taken as column length)
fyd is the design strength of the structural steel element
fcd is the design strength of the concrete
fsd is the design strength of the reinforcement
t is the wall thickness of the steel tube
Mpl,a,Rd is the plastic resistance moment of the structural steel element
Mpl,Rd is the plastic resistance moment of the composite section (in accordance with
6.7.3.2(5))
MEd,0 is the first order bending moment due to action effects (for a pinned frame this
will be equal to zero and all moment will be due to eccentricity)
cz is the nominal cover (see clause 6.7.3.1(2))
cz,min is the minimum cover taken as 40 mm
Rd is the design shear strength from Table 6.6 EN 1994-1-1
Aex is area of concrete to the face of the steel member
z is the distance from the neutral axis of the cross section to the centroid
hw is the clear web depth between steel flanges
t is the thickness of the web
= 235 f y
kc is a property of the composite section defined below
C4 is a coefficient for bending moment distribution (see Table 3.1 & Table 3.2)
ks is rotation stiffness defined in clause 6.4.2(6) (given below for convenience)
Ea is the elastic modulus for steel
Iafz is the minor axis second moment of area = bf3 tf/12
hs is the distance between centres of flanges of the steel section
Iy is the major axis second moment of area of the cracked composite section
Iay is the major axis second moment of area for the steel section
Iaz is the minor axis second moment of area for the steel section
Ix is (Iay + Iaz)/Aa
zc is the distance between the centroid of the steel beam and the centre of the slab
k1 is the flexural stiffness of the cracked concrete section. (EI)2/a. For
k2 is the flexural stiffness of the steel web
tw is the thickness of the web
a is the Poissons ratio for structural steel (can be taken as 0.3, see EN 1993-1-1)
fyw is the design yield strength of the web
leff is the effective length for resistance to transverse forces given below
tw is the thickness of the web
M1 is material partial factor for instability (=1.05 in UK codes)
f is the buckling reduction factor determined below
ly is the effective loaded length determined below
tf is the thickness of the flange where the load is applied
fyf is the design yield strength of the flange
bf is the breadth of the flange where the load is applied
ddo is the diameter of the weld collar (taken as 1.1d, where d is the diameter of
connector)
a is the distance from the centre of the stud to the end of the sheeting 1.5ddo
t is the thickness of the sheeting
fypd is the design yield strength of the sheeting
fyd is the design strength of the reinforcement
Asf/Sf is the area of transverse reinforcement per unit length
Ap is the cross-sectional area of the steel sheeting per unit length
fypd is the design strength of the steel sheeting
Ed is the applied shear stress (Nf/(hfLe))
hf is depth of solid section of the slab (likely to be the critical failure surface)
cot is the angle of concrete strut (450 26.50) clause 6.2.4(4) EN 1992-1-1
fcd is the design strength of concrete
is basic shear strength of concrete given by 0.6(1 f ck 250)
Rd is the design shear strength from Table 6.6 EN 1994-1-1
Aex is area of concrete to the face of the steel member
z is the distance from the neutral axis of the cross section to the centroid of the
area
is 0.5 for propped construction and 0.3 for unpropped construction
a is the deflection which would be caused due to steel beam alone
c is the deflection of the composite beam with complete interaction
is the degree of shear connection
0 is the deflection at mid-span of the simply supported beam model
Mh1 is the reduced end moment at one support
Mh2 is the reduced end moment at the other support
M0 is maximum sagging moment in the simply supported beam model
is a factor to reduce the permanent action (in UK it is 0.925, in Eire it is 0.85)
0 is the deflection of a simply supported beam of the same loading
M1, M2 are the adjusted end moments
M0 is maximum moment of a simply supported beam of the same loading
is 1.0 for normal weight concrete and 0.8 for lightweight concrete
p is contribution of profiles sheeting (if appropriate)
Asv is the cross sectional area of the steel reinforcement resisting shear
Acv is the cross sectional area of the concrete per unit length in direction of shear
Asf is the cross sectional area of the steel reinforcement resisting shear
fyd is the design strength of the reinforcement
sf is the spacing of the reinforcement along the beam
Ap is the effective cross sectional area of the concrete of the sheet
fyp,d is the design strength of the profiled sheet
hf is the height of concrete resisting shear (defined in 6.6.1.4(1) EN 1994-1-1)
f
is a reduction factor for cracked concrete in shear given by 0.6 1 ck
250
fcd is the design strength of the concrete
is the angle of the concrete compression strut 21.50 450
Where:
fck is the characteristic strength of concrete
beff is the effective breadth as give in 2.3.2.2 above
hc is the depth of concrete (may be considered average depth including rib area)
c is the material partial factor of concrete, taken as 1.5 (2.4.2.4 EN 1992-1-1)
fy is yield strength of structural steel
Aa is the cross sectional are of the structural steel member
s is the material partial factor of concrete, taken as 1.0 (6.1(1) EN 1993-1-1)
h is the overall depth of the composite section
hp is the height of the profiled steel deck
Mpl,a,Rd is the moment resistance of the steel section bf is the breadth of the steel
flange
tf is thickness of the steel flange
tw is the width of the web
ha is height of the steel section
r is root radius
M0 is the partial factor for steel resistance (M0 = 1.0)
A is the gross area of the steel section
b is the breadth of the flanges
ttft is depth of the top steel flange
ttfb is depth of the bottom steel flange
tw is the thickness of the web
r is the root radius
hs is the slab depth
hp is the height of the decking
200
k = 1 h h 2.0 (mm)
f p

hf is total depth of the concrete slab

hp is the height of the profiled steel deck
fck is in N/mm2
VEd is the applied shear force
VRd is the shear resistance as calculated above
Mpl,a,Rd,red is the reduced bending resistance contribution of the steel section

Mf,Rd is the contribution of the structural steel section ignoring the web to
bending resistance (see 2.3.2.3.4 above)
Mpl,a,Rd is the bending resistance of the unreduced steel section (see 2.3.2.3
above)
fu is the ultimate tensile strength of the stud (500 N/mm2)
d is the diameter of the stud connector shank
v is partial factor for shear (v = 1.25)
Ecm is the short-term elastic modulus from Table 3.1 EN 1992-1-1
hsc is height of the stud connector
Rc compressive resistance of the effective concrete flange given by Rc = 0.85Acfcd
Rs compressive resistance of the steel member given by Rs = Aafyd
Ac the cross sectional area of the effective concrete flange Ac = beff (hs hp)
Aa The cross sectional area of the steel member
fyd The design strength of the steel member
fcd The design strength of the concrete member
n is the number of shear connectors provided
nf is the number of shear connectors required for full connection
Le is the full span for simply supported beams
Aft is the cross sectional area of the top flange
Afb is the cross sectional area of the bottom flange

SORTED NOTATION

is modular ratio where = 2Ea/Ecm (see 5.4.2.2(11) EN 1994-1-1)

is the distance from the centre of the stud to the end of the sheeting
a
1.5ddo
Aa is the cross sectional area of the steel member
Ac is the cross sectional area of the concrete (beff hc)
is the cross sectional area of the concrete per unit length in direction of
Acv
shear Asf
Aex is area of concrete to the face of the steel member
Afb is the cross sectional area of the bottom flange
Aft is the cross sectional area of the top flange
Ap is the cross-sectional area of the steel sheeting per unit length
As is the area of the reinforcement
Asf is the cross sectional area of the steel reinforcement resisting shear
Asf/Sf is the area of transverse reinforcement per unit length
Asv is the cross sectional area of the steel reinforcement resisting shear
bx is the dimension of unit width (usually 1 m)
b is the breadth of the flanges
beff is effective width of the concrete flange
bf is the breadth of the flange where the load is applied
bo is the mean width of the concrete rib
is a coefficient for bending moment distribution (see Table 3.1 & Table
C4
3.2)
is the angle of concrete strut (450 26.50) clause 6.2.4(4) EN 1992-
cot
1-1
cz is the nominal cover (see clause 6.7.3.1(2))
cz,min is the minimum cover taken as 40 mm
d is the diameter of the stud connector shank
is the maximum deflection due to the self weight and any other loads that may

be considered to be permanent.
is the deflection at mid-span of a simply supported beam model
is the deflection which would be caused due to steel beam alone
c is the deflection of the composite beam with complete interaction
is the diameter of the weld collar (taken as 1.1d, where d is the diameter
ddo
of connector)
= 235 f y
Ea is the elastic modulus of the structural steel
Ecm is the elastic secant modulus of concrete from Table 3.1 EN 1992-1-1
EI is dynamic flexural rigidity of the member (Nm)
Es is the elastic modulus of the reinforcement
fcd is the design strength of the concrete
fck is the characteristic strength of the concrete
is the mean value of axial tensile strength of concrete (Table 3.1 EN
fctm
1992-1-1)
fsd is the design strength of the reinforcement
fsk is the characteristic strength of the reinforcement
fu is the ultimate tensile strength of the stud (500 N/mm2)
fy is yield strength of structural steel
fyd is the design strength of the reinforcement or structural steel
fyf is the design yield strength of the flange
is the characteristic yield strength of the reinforcement (generally 500
fyk
N/mm2)
fyk is the characteristic strength of the structural steel element
fyp,d is the design strength of the profiled sheet
fyw is the design yield strength of the structural steel members web
g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s 2).
is the material partial factor of concrete, taken as 1.5 (2.4.2.4 EN 1992-
c
1-1)
0 is the partial factor for steel resistance (M0 = 1.0)
v is partial factor for shear (v = 1.25)
h is the overall depth of the composite member
is the degree of shear connection
h is the overall depth of the composite section
ha is height of the steel section
is thickness of the concrete flange (based on the average depth of
hc
concrete)
is the height of concrete resisting shear (defined in 6.6.1.4(1) EN 1994-
hf
1-1)
hp is overall depth of the profiled steel deck
ha,f is the distance between centres of flanges of the steel section
hs is the slab depth
hsc is nominal height of the stud connector
hw is the clear web depth between steel flanges
Ia is the second moment of area of the structural steel element
Iafz is the flange minor axis second moment of area = bf3 tf/12
Iay is the major axis second moment of area for the steel section
Iaz is the minor axis second moment of area for the steel section
Ic is the second moment of area of the uncracked concrete area
Is is the second moment of area of the reinforcement
Ix is (Iay + Iaz)/Aa
k1 is the flexural stiffness of the cracked concrete section. (EI)2/a.
k2 is the flexural stiffness of the steel web
kc is a property of the composite section
Ke is a shear correction factor to be taken as 0.6
is rotation stiffness defined in clause 6.4.2(6) (given below for
ks
convenience)
L is the span of the member (m)
 Le is the full span for simply supported beams
leff is the effective length for resistance to transverse forces
ly is the effective loaded length determined below
m is the effective mass (kg/m)
M0 is maximum sagging moment in the simply supported beam model
M1, M2 are the adjusted end moments
MEd is the applied bending moment
is the first order bending moment due to action effects (for a pinned
MEd,0 frame this will be equal to zero and all moment will be due to
eccentricity)
is the contribution of the structural steel section ignoring the web to
Mf,Rd
bending resistance (see 2.3.2.3.4 above)
Mh1 is the reduced end moment at one support
Mh2 is the reduced end moment at the other support
Mpl,a,Rd is the bending resistance of the unreduced steel section
Mpl,a,Rd,red is the reduced bending resistance of the steel section
is the plastic resistance moment of the composite section (in accordance
Mpl,Rd
with 6.7.3.2(5))
Mpl,Rd,red is the composite bending resistance reduced for high shear

n is the number of shear connectors provided

nf is the number of shear connectors required for full connection
nr is number of shear connectors in a group
nt is the number or ribs per unit width
is the angle of the concrete compression strut 21.50 450
r is the root radius
compressive resistance of the effective concrete flange given by Rc =
Rc
0.85Acfcd
Rs compressive resistance of the steel member given by Rs = Aafyd
sf is the spacing of the reinforcement along the beam
st is spacing of the ribs
t is the wall thickness of the web / the sheeting / steel tube
tf is thickness of the steel flange
Rd is the design shear strength from Table 6.6 EN 1994-1-1
ttfb is depth of the bottom steel flange
ttft is depth of the top steel flange
tw is the thickness of the web

is a reduction factor for cracked concrete in shear given by

f
0.6 1 ck
250

v is basic shear strength of concrete given by 0.6(1 f ck 250)

is the Poissons ratio for structural steel (can be taken as 0.3, see EN
a
1993-1-1)
Ed is the applied shear stress (Nf/(hfLe))
p is contribution of profiled sheeting (if appropriate)
VEd is the applied shear force
VRd is the shear resistance as calculated above
 is a factor to reduce the permanent action (in UK it is 0.925, in Eire it is

0.85)
wcr is the width of the crest of the profile
wtr is the width of the trough of the profile
yp,p is height to plastic neutral axis of the deck (this is given by
manufacturer information)
yp is height to plastic neutral axis of the composite slab
is the distance between the centroid of the steel beam and the centre of
zc
the slab
M1 is material partial factor for instability (=1.05 in UK codes)
f is the buckling reduction factor determined below
z is the distance from the neutral axis of the cross section to the centroid
of the area