WALT DISNEY

Completed October 23, 2003, The Walt Disney Concert Hall celebrates its tenth
anniversary today. Home to the LA Philharmonic, it has received wide acclaim for its
excellent acoustics and distinctive architecture. In the decade since its opening, the
hall's sweeping, metallic surfaces have become associated with Frank Gehrys
signature style.

In 1987, Lilian Disney donated $50 million to establish a concert hall in honor of her
late husband, Walt. Frank Gehry was selected from among several candidates
during a design competition the following year. His proposal was largely oriented
toward the public, with much of the site allocated to open gardens. Several years
into the project, a combination of political and managerial impediments threatened
its realization. It was shut down in 1994, but revived by a press and fund-raising
campaign two years later.

The concert hall was designed as a single volume, with orchestra and audience
occupying the same space. Seats are located on each side of the stage, providing
some audience members with distant views of the performers sheet music. The
former director of the Los Angeles Philharmonic felt boxes and balconies implied
social hierarchies within the audience, and spatial segregation was minimized in the
design. Curvilinear planes of Douglas fir provide the only partitions, delineating
portions of the 2,265 member audience without creating visual obstructions. The
steel roof structure spans the entire space, eliminating the need for interior
columns. The organ stands at the front of the hall, a bouquet of 6,134 curved pipes
extending nearly to the ceiling. It is the unique result of a collaboration between
Gehry and Manuel J. Rosales, a Los Angeles-based organ designer.

Gehry worked with Yasuhisa Toyota, the acoustical consultant, to hone the halls
sound through spatial and material means. To test the acoustics, they used a 1:10
scale model of the auditorium, complete with a model occupant in each seat. This
required all elements to be scaled accordingly, including increasing the frequency of
sound in the space to reduce the wavelength by a factor of ten. The concert hall's
partitions and curved, billowing ceiling act as part of the acoustical system while
subtly referencing the sculptural language of the exterior.

The exterior is a composition of undulating and angled forms, symbolizing musical

movement and the motion of Los Angles. The design developed through paper
models and sketches, characteristic of Gehry's process. The custom curvature
demanded a highly specific steel structure, including box columns tilted forward at
17 on the buildings north side. Visitors can glimpse the steel frame through a
skylight in the pre-concert room and view the supporting structure from a stairway
leading to the garden.

The reflective, stainless steel surface engages light as an architectural medium. The
facade's individual panels and curves are articulated in daylight and colored by city
lights after dark. The building was initially set to be clad in stone, but a more
malleable material was chosen following the completion of the Guggenheim
Museum Bilbao, the concert hall's titanium-clad cousin. Thin metal panels allowed
for more adventurous curvature and could be structurally disassociated from the
ground. The metallic forms appear to hover above an asymmetrical band of glazing
at the buildings base. Glass fissures in the facade bring light into the lobby and pre-
concert room, reading as a grand entryway through the otherwise opaque facade.

The halls planning committee conceived of the project as a civic amenity, hoping it
would serve as a catalyst in the activation of LA's downtown. Some critics debate
the effectiveness of this siting strategy, acknowledging an increase in surrounding
property values but little shift in the city's cultural epicenter. Perhaps that will
change as development continues on the site. The Diller Scofidio + Renfro designed
Broad Museum is under construction across the street, and Gehry himself recently
announced he will rejoin the effort to develop the adjacent stretch of Grand Avenue.
There may be a cost to creating a cultural center beside the concert hall, however. A
new subway is scheduled to run 125 feet beneath the lowest level of the concert
hall, and may disrupt the acoustics of the internationally recognized performance
space.

(Sumber: www.Archdaily.com)