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Aerodynamic Characteristics of Seven

MASTER
Symmetrical Airfoil Sections Through
180-Degree Angle of Attack for Use in
Aerodynamic Analysis of Vertical Axis
Wind Turbines

Robert E. Sheldahl, Paul C. Klimas

SF 2900-QQB(3-80)
 DISCLAIMER

This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an

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Government nor any agency Thereof, nor any of their employees,
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otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement,
recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any
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do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States
Government or any agency thereof.
 DISCLAIMER

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Issued by Sandia National Laboratories, operated for the United States Department of
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NOTICE: This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the
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 SAND80-2114 Distribution
Unlimited Release Category UC-60
Printed March 1981

Aerodynamic Characteristics
of Seven Symmetrical Airfoil
Sections Through 180-Degree
Angle of Attack for Use in
Aerodynamic Analysis of
Vertical Axis Wind Turbines

DISCLAIMER------~
Robert E. Sheldahl :.__------ rrcyol theUnitedStatesGovernment.
This book was prepared as an account ol work spon=~~:r:t~:Cr any of their employees. make:;;
Aerothermodynamics Division 5633 Neither the United S~a~~~ ~~;rn;en;s:~va: legal liabilitY or r~~ns~~ili~~o;~~ ~:~sc~:. 0;
warranty, e)lpress o fut:ess ~~ anv information. apparatu~, pr~ole~encil herein to any specific
and completeness. or ~se ld not inlringe privately owned nghts. facturer or otherwise, does
represent~ that its use v.ou or service by trade name, trademark, ~nu or !~ring by the United
Paul C. Klimas commerCHII product. process. . endorsement, recommendauon.
not necessarily constitute or Imply ItS I The views and opinions ol authOrs expr I
essed herein do not

Advanced Energy Projects Division 4715 States Government or anv agencv th~~i~ed States Government or anv agency thereo . .
\ (\ecessarllv state ot relit:!-.:\ tho~ ol th - - - - .- -- .
Sandia National Laboratories I.-
Albuquerque, NM 87185

ABSTRACT
When work began on the Darrieus vertical axis wind. turbine (VAWT) program
at Sandia National Laboratories, it was recognized that there was a paucity of
syn:tmetrical airfoil data needed to describe the aerodynamics of turbine blades.
,Curved-bladed Darrieus turbines operate at local Reynolds numbers (Re) and
. angles of attack (a) seldom encountered in aeronautical applications. This report
describes (1) a wind tunnel test series conducted at moderate values of Re in
which 0 < a < 180 force and moment data were obtained for four symmetrical
blade candidate airfoil ccctione; (NACA-0009, -0012, -0012H, and =0015). ani!.(?)
how an airfoil property synthesizer code can be used to extend the measured
properties to arbitrary values of Re (1{)4 :S Re < 107 ) and tn cP.rtain other section
profiles (NACA-0018, -0021, -0025).

3
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
B. F. Blackwell, Sandia National Laboratories Organization, 1537, was involved
with the Sandia wind energy program when the experimental data for this
report were obtained; his contributions to the program are gratefully acknowl-
edged. The efforts of Professor M. H. Snyder and the personnel of the Walter H.
Beech Memorial Low-Speed Wind Tunnel at Wichita State University, Wichita,
Kansas, in obtaining the experimental airfoil section data and R. E. French,
Sandia Organization, 5636, in producing the computed airfoil data are greatly
appreciated.

4
CONTENTS
SYMBOLS ..................................................................................................... 8
Introduction ................................................................................................. 9
Airfoil Section Models ............................................................................... ':#
Test Facility .................................................................................................. 10
Test Description ........................................................................................... 10
Experimental Results .................................................................................. 10
Reynolds Number Extrapolation .............................................................. 11
Conclusions .................................................................................................. 12
References ............................................................. :....................................... 12

Tables
1 Coordinates for the Modified NACA-0012 (NACA-0012H) Air-
foil ....... :............................................................................................... .12
2 Lift and Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil (104 < Re
< 107 )................................................................................................... 13
3 Lift and Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0015 Airfoil (104 < Re
< .107) ............................................. :.................................................... 27
4 Lift and Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0018 Airfoil (104 < Re
< 5 X 106) .................. :........................................................................ 41
5 Lift and Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0021 Airfoil (10 4 < Re
< 5 X 106) ........................................................................................... 52
6 Lift and Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0025 Airfoil (10 4 < Re
< 5 X 106) ........................................................................................... 63

Illustrations
Figure
1 Equatorial Plane Angle of Attack Variation for the 17-Metre
Turbine at a Rotational Speed of 46 rpin (4.82 rad/s)................. 75
2 Variation of the Chord Reynolds Number at the Equatorial
Plane of the 17-Metre Turbine at a Rotational Speed of 46 rpm
(4.82 rad/s) ......................................................................................... 76
3 Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0009 Airfoil at Reynolds
Numbers of 0.36 x J06 ::mci O.t;q x 106 ............................................. 77
4 Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil at Reynolds
Numbers of 0.36 x 106 and 0.70 x 106 ............................................. 78
5 Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil at Reynolds
Numbers of 0.86 x 106 and 1.76 x 106............................................. 79
6 Section Lift Coefficients. for the NACA-0012H Airfoil at Rey-
nolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106 and 0.70 x 106 .................................. 80
7 Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0015 Airfoil at Reynolds
Numbers of 0.36 x 106 and 0.68 x 106............................................. 81
8 Section Lift Coefficients for Four Airfoil Sections at an Approxi-
mate Reynolds Number of 0.70 x 106............................................. 82
9 Full Range Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0009 Airfoil
at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106,
and 0.69 x10 6 ...................................................................................... 83
10 Full Range Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil
at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106,
and 0.70 x 106..................................................................................... 84
5
Illustrations (Cont)
Figure
11 Full Range Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0012H Air-
foil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.49 x 106,
and 0.70 x 106 ..................................................................................... 85
12 Full Range Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0015 Airfoil
at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106, anci
0.68 X 106............................................................................................. 86
13 Section Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0009 Airfoil at Small
Angles of Attack and Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106,
and 0.69 x 106..................................................................................... 87
14 Section Drag Coefficients for thP. N AC A-0012 Airfoil at Small
Angles of Attack and Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106,
and 0.70 x lQI\ ...................................... ... ... .................................... 88
15 Section Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil at Small
Angles of Attack and Reynolds Numbers of 0.86 x 106, L36 x 106,
and 1.76 x 106 ..................................................................................... 89
16 Section Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0012H Airfoil at Small
Angles of Attack and Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.49 x
106,and 0.70 x 106 ............................................................................... 90
17 Section Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0015 Airfoil at Small
Angles of Attack and Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106,0.50 x 106,
and 0.68 x 106..................................................................................... 91
18 Full Range Section Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0009 Airfoil
at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106,
and 0.69 x 106 ..................................................................................... 94
19 Full Range Section Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil
at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106, and
0.70 X 106,............................................................................................ 93
20 Full Range Section Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0012H
Airfoil ar Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.49 x 106, and
0.70 X 106 ............................................................................................. 94
21 Full Range Section Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0015 Airfoil
at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106,
and 0.68 x 106..................................................................................... 95
22 NACA-0009 Airfoil Section Moment Coefficients About the
Quarter Chord for Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106,0.5 x 106 and
0.69 X 106............................................................................................. 96
23 NACA-0012 Airfoil Section Moment Coefficients About the
Quarter Chord for Reynolds NumhP.rs of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106,
and 0.70 x 106..................................................................................... 97
24 NACA-0012 Airfoil Section Moment Coefficients About the
Quarter Chord for Reynolds Numbers of 0.86 x 106, L36 x 106,
and L76 x 106..................................................................................... 98
25 NACA-0012H Airfoil Section Moment Coefficients About the
Quarter Chord for Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.49 x 106,
and 0.70 x 106..................................................................................... 99
26 NACA-0015 Airfoil Section Moment Coefficients About the
Quarter Chord for Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106,
and 0.68 x 106..................................................................................... 100

6
. Illustrations (Cont)
Figure
27 Full Range Section Moment Coefficients About the Quarter
Chord for the NACA-0009 Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x
106, 0.50 x 106, and 0.69 x 106 ........................................................... 101
28 Full Range Section Moment Coefficients About the Quarter
Chord for the NACA-0012 Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x
106, 0.50 x 106 and 0.70 x 106............................................................ 102
29 Full Range Section Moment Coefficients About the Quarter
Chord for the NACA-0012H Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of
0.36 X 106, 0.49 X 106, and 0.70 X 106 ............................................... 103
30 Full Range Section Moment Coefficients About the Quarter
Chord for a NACA-0015 Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x
106, 0.50 x 106, and 0.68 x 106 ........................................................... 104
31 Full Range Section Axial Force Coefficients for the NACA-0012
Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106
and 0.70 x 106...................................................................................... 105
32 Full Range Section Axial Force Coefficients for the NACA-
0012H Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.49 x 106 and
0.70 X 106............................................................................................. 106
33 Full Range Section Axial Force Coefficients for the NACA-0015
Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106
and 0.68 x 106..................................................................................... 107
34 Predicted and Measured Values of Minimum Section Drag
Coefficients, cdo, as a Function of Reynolds number, Re ............ 108
35 Predicted and Measured Values of Section Maximum Lift Coef-
ficients, Ctmax' as a Function of Reynolds number, Re ................ 109
36 Power Coefficient as a Function of Tip-Speed Ratio for the
Sandia 17-m Diameter Darrieus Turbine with a Height to Diam-
eter Ratio of 1.0, Two NACA-0015 0.61-m Chord Blades at a
Rotational Speed of 50.6 rpm .......................................................... 110
37 Power Coefficient as a Function of Tip-speed Ratio for the
Sandia 5-m Diameter Darrieus Turbine with a Height to Diame--
ter Ratio of 1.0, Two NACA-0015 0.15-m Chord Blades at a
Rotational Speed of 162.5 rpm ........................................................ 111

7
SYMBOLS
As Turbine swept area
c Airfoil chord length
c. Section axial force coefficient, axial force per unit spanlqooc
cd Section drag coefficient, section drag per unit spanlqooc
c1 Section lift coefficient, section lift per unit span I q 00c
em Section moment coefficient, section moment at cl4 per unit
span I qooc 2
. CP Power coefficient, Qw
llzpex> V oo--s
3A

Q Turbine Aerodynamic torque

qoo Dynamic pressure, lhp00 V00 2
R Rotor radius
p 00 Uc
Re Reynolds nnmhers, - --

lloo
U Relative veiocity
V00 Free stream wind velocity
X . speed ra t'10, -Rw
T tp
vet>
a Angle of attack .
8 Angle of rotation about the turbine vertical axis
IJ-00 Free stream viscosity
Poo Free stream density
w Turbine angular velocity

8
Aerodynamic Characteristics
of Seven Symmetrical Airfoil
Sections Through 180-Degree
Angle of Attack for Use in
Aerodynamic Analysis of
Vertical Axis Wind Turbines
Introduction
When analytical work began on the vertical axis
wind turbine, it immediately became apparent that
available data for symmetrical airfoil sections was
limited. The section data requirements for applica-
tion to vertical axis wind turbines are broader in
scope than are those the aircraft industry usually
concerns itself with. Figure 1 shows the range of
angle of attack the airfoil at the equatorial plane of a
Darrieus turbine is exposed to for 'various tip speed
ratios. At low tip speed ratios, it is possible to be at an
angle of attack approaching 180 deg. In operation,
with a tip speed ratio in excess of 2.0, the angle of
attack can exceed 25 deg. Portions of the airfoil closer
to the axis of rotation will see even greater angles of
attack. This figure shows only one-half of the revolu-
tion; the second half will be similar except the angles
of attack will be negative. Thus the airfoil is subjected
to a continually changing angle of attack cycling
from positive to negative back to posi.tive as it re-
volves about the vertical axis. This particular figure is
for the 17-m turbine but results are similar for tur-
bines of all sizes. The requirements here call for
section data for angles of attack to 180 deg and data
for both increasing and decreasing angle of attack
showing airfoil hysteresis.
The turbine blade changes its angle of attack as it
makes its orbit about the rotational axis. The local
Reynolds number changes also. In Figure 2, the
Reynolds number is shown as a function of the
rotation angle for several tip speed ratios. Again, this
is for the 17-m system at a fixed rotational speed of 46
rpm (4.82 rad/sec) and a blade chord of approximate-
ly 0.5 m. When the turbine operates with a tip speed
ratio in excess of 2.0, the Reynolds number range is
from 0.5 x 106 to 2 x 106. Scaled down turbines will
also have lower Reynolds numbers proportional to
chord length. A Sandia 2-m wind tunnel model oper-
ated over a range of Reynolds numbers from 0.1 x 106
to 0.3 x 106 in a recent wind tunnel test. The require-
ments here call for section data over a wide Reynolds
number range. Data for the low Reynolds numbers
(less than 0.5 x 106) are needed to compare the solu-
tions from computer models with the data from wind
tunnel model tests.
These requirements are generally out of the range
of most published airfoil section data. Examples of
published data for symmetrical airfoil sections are
presented in Refs 1 and 2. The NACA-0012 is one of
the more popular symmetrical airfoils because of its
favorable lift to drag ratio, so there are more data
available for that airfoil.
Sandia National Laboratories contracted with
Wichita State University to construct four different
symmetrical airfoil sections and to test the models at
angles of attack to 180 deg for three different Reyn-
olds numbers. We selected the lowest Reynolds num-
ber obtainable that would still be within the oper-
ational range of its facility and balance system. The
purpose of these tests was to obtain needed section
data for the NACA-0009, -0012, and -0015 airfoils
over the angle of attack range of interest at as low a
Reynolds number as possible. Also, a nonstandard
airfoil, a modified-0012 designated NACA-0012H,
was tested.
Airfoil Section Models
Four symmetrical airfoil models were constructed
of aluminum; a fifth model was constructed of wood
to standard wind tunnel model tolerances by Wichita
State University. All the aluminum models had 6~in.
(15.24-cm) chords with a 3-ft (0.91-m) span. Three of
these models (NACA-009, -0012, and -0015) had stan-
dard airfoil cross sections; geometries for these air-
foils are found in Ref 3. The fourth model was a
nonstandard airfoil. It was a modification of the
9
NACA-0012 provided by Raymond M. Hicks of NA-
SA/ Ames Research Center.' The modification was
designed with the aid of a computer program to
increase the c,max of a given airfoil by reducing the
leading edge pressure spike associated with subsonic
airfoils. The new airfoil has been designated NACA-
0012H because its thickness to chord ratio was left
unchanged at 12%. The geometry for this airfoil is
presented in Table 1. The fifth airfoil model had a 15-
in. chord (38.10-cm) with a 3-ft (0.91-m) span and also
had an NACA-0012 cross section. This model was
constructed to obtain airfoil data at higher Reynolds
numbers and could not, because of its size, be tested
at an angle of attack greater than 30 deg.
Test Facility
The airfoils were tested in the Walter H. Beech
Memorial Wind Tunnel at Wichita State University.s
The Tunnel has a 7 x 10-ft (2.13 x 3.05 m) test section
titted with tloor to ceiling two-dimensional inserts
for testing two-dimensional airfoil sections. These
inserts in the center of the test section act as flow
splitters to form a separate test section 3 ft (0.91 m)
wide by 7 ft (2.13 m) tall. Part of the total airflow in
the wind tunnel passes through the 3 x 7 ft section
and part passes by each side. The 3 x 7 ft section is
separately instrumented with pitot-static probes for
determining flow conditions within that section. A
wake survey probe was installed in the wind tunnel
on a separate series of tests to obtain the airfoil
section drag at low angles of attack for all airfoil
models.
Test Description
The airfoil models were attached to the end plates
in the walls of the two-dimensional inserts. These
end plates are the attachments to the angle-of-attack
control mechanism and the facility balance system.
The aluminum models were tested at nominal Rey-
nolds numbers of 0.35 x 106, 0.50 x 106 and 0.70 x 106
thi'ough angles of attack of 180 deg. The angle-of-
attack control mechanism has an approximate range
of 60 deg; this required that the model be reoriented
on the end plates three times to complete the full
range of angles of attack to 180 deg. This allowed for
some overlap of data near 40, 90, and 130 deg. The 15-
in. chord model was tested at Reynolds numbers of
0.86 x 106, 1.36 x 106 and 1.76 x 106 through angles of
attack of -20 to +::10 rl.;>g.
Data for each airfoil were first obtained over the
range of -24 to + 32 deg (increasing a) and then from
+32 deg to -24 deg (decreasing a) for the three
Reynolds numbers. The 15-in. chord model was limit-
ed to a range of -20 to +30 deg. This was done to
10
obtain the hysteresis loop in the region of airfoil stall.
All full range data were obtained with increasing
angles of attack to 180 deg. Lift, drag, and moment
data were obtained from the balance system. All the
data were corrected for wake and solid blockage,
bouyancy, upwash, and wind-turbulence factor.6 The
turbulenc-e factors used to correct the Reynolds num-
bers to 0.35 x 106, 0.50 x 106, and 0.70 x 106 were 1.38,
1.29, and 1.13, respectively. All of the tests reported
here were performed on aerodynamically smooth
airfoils. A separate test of the NACA-0015 airfoil with
transition strips was conducted; the strips were of No.
80 carborundum grit glued to a strip approximately
0.1-in. (0.25-cm) wide located approximately at 17%
of chord station. The results with the strips were
similar to the results without them and thus were
inconclusive and arc not presented here.
Experitu~ntal R~sults
The section coefficient of lift data for the four 6-
in. chord airfoils and the 15-in. airfoil are shown in
Figures 3 through 7 for the angles of attack from -24
to + 24 degrees at nominal Reynolds numbers of 0.35
x 106and 0.70 x 106 for the 6-in. chord airfoils and 0.86
x 106 and 1.76 x 106 for the wooden 15-in. chord
airfoil. Each airfoil cross section is sketched in the
figures. These figures include data obtained for both
increasing and decreasing angle of attack; they dem-
onstrate the extent of the lift coellicient hysteresis for
each airfoil. The lift coefficient for the NACA-0009
airfoil shown in Hgure 3 reaches a maximum of
df'pruximately 0.8 near 10-deg angle of attack. rhP.re
is not a significant drop in lift past stall nor is there
any significant hysteresis. Data for the NACA-0012
are shown in Figure 4; we see that c,max has increased
to 1.0 for positive angles and to -1.08 for negative
angles with a hysteresis loop most pronounced for
negative angles. The lift coefficient data for the
wooden NACA-0012 airfoil at Reynolds numbers of
. 0.86 x 106 and 1.76 x 106 are shown in Figure 5; here,
the anticipated improved c,max at the larger Reynolds
numbers can be seen.
The NACA-0012H lift clat<~ <~rP pr.;>~~;>nted in Pig
ure nand show dramatic improvement in lift charac-
teristics over the NACA-0012 for similar Reynolds
numbers. The maximum lift coefficient approaches
1.2 at the higher Reynolds number condition. Note
the larger size of the hysteresis in lhe lift data near
positive and negative stall angles. The dashed line in
the figure shows the curvature of the standard
NACA-0012 airfoil. The lift data for the NACA-0015
(Figure 7)are similar to the NACA-0012H. The maxi-
mum lift coefficient for the -0015 is slightly less than
 that for the -0012H, but stall is less abrupt and occurs
at a slightly greater angle of attack. Figure 8 is a
composite of the data for the four 6-in. chord airfoils
.and shows lift data at a Reynolds number of 0.7 x 106.
Data shown are for increasing angle of attack for
positive angles and decreasing angle of attack for
negative angles; this shows the increased perfor-
mance of the NACA-0012H and the favorable perfor-
mance of the NACA-0015.
Figures 9 through 12 show the full range section
lift coefficient data for the four small airfoils. All data
were taken with the angle of attack increasing. The
data for all the airfoils beyond 25-deg angle of attack
are similar. At an angle of 40 to 45 deg, the lift
coefficient for a -0009 airfoil is greater than 1.1; with
increasing airfoil thickness, the lift coefficient de-
creases to 1.05 but, generally speaking, the effect of
the Reynolds number (in the range of 0.35 x 106 to
0.70 x 106) and the airfoil geometry have little effect
on the lift coefficient in the angle of attack range of
25 to 180 deg.
The section drag coefficients for the airfoils are
shown in Figures 13 through 17 over the angle-of-
attack range of -16 to + 16 deg. The minimum drag
coefficient near zero lift is approximately 0.006 for
the NACA-0009. The data for the drag coefficients
were obtained by the balance system and were cor-
rected by data obtained in the angle-of-attack range
of positive to negative stall by a wake survey meth-
od.4 This corrected the force data for drag on the end
plates. The full range section drag coefficients for the
four small airfoil sections are shown in Figures 18
through 21. These data are similar for all angles
greater than 20 deg. At 90 deg, the drag coefficient of
approximately 1.8 is near Hoerner's value of L98 for a
two-dimensional flat plate.7
For completeness,-the airfoifsection moment co-
efficients for the tested airfoils are included here.
Shown in Figures 22 through 26 are the section
quarter chord moment coefficients of each airfoil for
the angle-of-attack range from -24 to + 24 deg for
both increasing and decreasing angles of attack. The
effect of hysteresis on the moment coefficients in the
region of aerodynamic stall can be clearly seen. The
moment coefficients are very near zero at small an-
gles of attack '(before airfoil stall) as is anticipated for
a symmetrical airfoil. In Figures 27 through 30 are the
full range section moment coefficients about the
quarter chord for the four airfoils with 6-in. chords at
nominal Reynolds numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106
and 0.70 x 106. There is a great deal of scatter in the
data for angles of attack greater than 45 deg and less
than 135 deg. The full range moment coefficients are
very similar for all four airfoils.
The component of force that make's a vertical axis
wind turbine work is the chordwise or axial force. It
is desirable to increase the area under the positive
portion of the curve for both positive and negative
angles of attack and to minimize the negative axial
force coefficients near zero angle of attack. Figures 31
through 33 show the full range axial force coeffi-
cients for the NACA-0012, -0012H, and -0015 airfoil
sections. The important thing to note is the larger
area under the curve before airfoil stall for the
-0012H and -0015 when compared to the -0012. This
should provide better performance from a wind tur-
bine, using either one of these, than the NACA-0012
airfoil. Note that the axial force coefficient is ob-
tained by
c. = c1 sin a - cd cos a .
Data obtained in this manner beyond 20 deg become
very scattered because the results are obtained by
taking small differences of larger numbers.
Reynolds Number Extrapolation
Section data at Reynolds numbers not tested, es-
pecially lower values, are needed to perform VA WT
aerodynamic analyses with accuracy. The need also
arises to consider blades whose airfoil sections are not
included among the four profiles examined in the
wind tunnel entry described above. These require-
ments may be met by combining section property
predictions from one of the currently available sec-
tion synthesizer computer codes and those properties
measured. Tables 2 through 6 list c1 and cd vs a
information for 0 < a < 180 at Reynolds numbers
between 104 and 107 obtained by such a combination.
Pre- and early stall section information was calculat-
ed, using the computer code PROFILE.s Late and
post-stall section characteristics were taken from the
measurements detailed above. Figures 34 and 35 com-
pare calculated and measured zero lift drag coeffi-
cients and maximum lift coefficient, respectively, for
the NACA 0015 airfoil. Agreement was considered
close enough to justify the use of PROFILE predic-
tions over the linear and early nonlinear portions of
the c1 -a curve. For 'other values of a, it was seen that
behavior was sufficiently independent of the Rey-
nolds number to use the Wichita State University
data at all values of Re for which section information
was sought. The precise angle of attack where the
tables switched from calculated to measured perfor-
mance coefficients was determined by trial and error.
The criterion used was that the VAWT performance
11
 as calculated by the conservation of momentum-
based model OARTER9 using the hybrid airfoil char-
acteristics most closely matched that obtained in field
tests of the Sandia 17-m height-to-diameter (H/0) =
1, two-bladed turbine with blades of NACA 0015
. section. The final comparison, using Table 3 (0015)
information, is shown in Figure 36 for a turbine
angular velocity of 50.6 rpm. The same crossover
point was then used in creating Tables 2, 4, 5, and 6
(0012, 0018, 0021, and 0025) data combinations. Note
that the tabulations for the 18%, 21%, and 25% thick
sections relied upon Reynolds number independence
at high values of a. - References
Since Tables 2 through 4 were written. a next-
generation class of aerodynamic loads/performance
~odels has come into use at Sandia National Labora-
tories. These are vortex/lifting line models and are
described in Ref 10. Figures 36 and 37 compare pre-
dicted and measured performance for the Sandia 17-
m and 5-m turbines (H/0 = 1). These comparisons
would appear to further validate the hybridizing
scheme used.
Conclusions
The aerodynamic section data for four different
symmetrical airfoil cross sections (NACA-0009, -0012,
-0012H, and -0015) were obtained for angles of attack
up to 180 deg at nominal Reynolds numbers of 0.36 x
106, 0.50 x lOb and 0.70 x 106. In addition, experimen-
tal section coefficients were obtained for the NACA-
0012 airfoil with a larger chord length at Reynolds
numbers up to 1.76 x 106. The data were obtained for
use with vertical axis wind turbines performance
prediction computer codes. We extended the data to a
wider Reynolds number range (from 104 to 107 ) and
expanded to additional symmetrical airfoils (NACA-
0018, -0021, and -0025) by the use of an airfoil section
characteristics synthesizer computer code. These air-
foil characteristics as used by the vertical axis wind
turbine performance prediction codes appear to be
adequately predicting VAWT performance.
1. E. N. Jacobs and A. Sherman, Airfoil Section Characteristics as
Affedeu by Vuriutim~ (If the Reynolds Number, NACA Report
No. 586, 1937.
2. L. Loftin. Jr .. and H. A. Smith, APrndynamir rharartPri~tic~ of 15
NACA Airtoil Sections at Seven Reynolds Numbers from 0.7 x 106
to 9.0 x 10, NACA TN 1945, October 1949.
3. I. H. Abbott ann A. F.. Von Doenhoff, Theory of Wing Sections,
(New York: Mc<{raw-Hill Book Co, Inc, 1949).
4. PrivateCommunication,R.M.Hicks,NASA,AmesResearC"hC('n-
ter, Moff!!tt Field, CA, 94035.
5. Information for Users of the Walter H. Beech Memorial Low-Speed
Wind Tunnel, Wichita State University Aeronautical Engiueer-
ing Department, July 1966.
6. A. Pope and J. J. Harper, Low-Speed Wind Tunnel Testing, (New
York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1966).
7. S. F. Hoerner, Fluid Dynamic Drag, Midland Park, New Jersey,
07432, 1965.
8. R. Eppler, "Turbulent Airf~ils for General Aviation," Journal of
Aircraft, 15 (2): 93-99 (February 1978).
9. P. C. Klimas and R. E. I'rcnch, A U,.;er.~ ,'vfullua/ [<" il~e Ve_tli<al
Axis Wind Turbine Performance Code DARTER, SANDS0-1155
(Albuquerque: Sandia National Laboratories, May 1980).
10. J. H. Strickland, B. T. Webster, T. Nguyen," A Vortex Model of
the Darrieus Turbine: An Analytical and Experimental Study,"
Journal of Fluids Engineering, Vol. 101, No.4, 1979.

Table 1. Coordinates for the Modified NACA-0012

(NACA-001211) Airfoil
x/c +.y/c x/c y/c
0.0 0.0 0.275 0.06048
0.005 0.01438 0.299 0.06002
0.010 0.02074 0.349 0.05951
0.020 0.02925 0 ..399 O.U!>~UM
0.030 0.03522 0.449 0.05588
0.040 0.03982 0.500 0.05294
0.050 0.04351 0.550 0.04952
0.060 0.04655 0.600 0.04563
0.080 0.05121 0.650 0.04133
0.100 0.05454 0.700 0.03664
0.125 0.05740 0.750 0.03160
0.150 0.05924 0.800 0.02623
0.175 0.06033 0.850 0.02053
0.200 0.06087 0.900 0.01448
0.225 0.06100 0.950 0.00807
0.250 0.06084 1.000 0.00126
12
 ..Table
.
2. Lift and Drag Coefficients for the NACA- 0012 Airfoil (to4 < Re. < to7
.- - : ..

10000.0 NACA 0012 SECTION DATA, EPPLER MODEL, CLt COt DEC78
a ~R;
.0 0. 0 000 o.oooo
; 0.. 1. 0000 .0830 .0338
0 2.0000 e1531J .03~3
0 3.0000 .2009 .0351
o ~.oooo .2003 .0359
0 5.0000 .0328 .0351
0 6e0000 -.1413 .0~60
.o 1.oooo -.1142 .0580
o 8.oooo -.0703 .0720
0 9.0000 -.0215 .0860
0 10.0000 .0311 1010
0 11.0000 .08~8 .1170
0 . 12.0000 .1387 .13~0
0 13.0000 .1928 .1520
0 14.0000 .2468 .1710
0 15.0000 .1900
0 16.0000 .2100
0 17.0000 .4079 .2310
0 18.0000 .4606 .2520
0 19 . 0000 .5121 .2740
0 20.0000 .5838 .2970
0 21.0 000 .6161 ~3200
0 22.0000 6687 .3440
0 .23.0000 .7216 .3690
0 24e0000 .7744 . .3940
0 25e.OOOO .8276 . 4200
0 26.0000 .8810 .IJ460
0 27.0 000 .93~5 .~730
0 30.0 000 .9150 .5700
0 35.0 000 1.0200 .7450
o ~o.oooo 1.0750 .9200
0 45.0000 1.0850 1.0 750
0 50.0000 1.0400 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9650 . 1.3~50
.0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 .7650 . 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6500 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5150 1.7350
o 8o.oooo .3700 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2200 1.8000
0 90.0000. .0700 1.8000
0 95.0000 -. 0 700 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.2200 1.7500
0 105.0000 ...;.3700 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.5100 1.6350
0 115-000Q -.6250 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.7350 1e4650

13
Table 2. (cont)

0 125.0 00 0 -.8~00 1.3500

0 130.0 000 -.9100. 1.2250
0 135.0 00 0 -.9/JSO 10850
0 1~0.0000 -.9450 .9250
0 1~5.0000 -.9100 .7550
0 150.0000 -.8500 .5750
0 155.0000 -.7~00 .~200
0 160.0000 -.6600 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6750 .230 0.
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6900 .ossa
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250 -
20000.0 NACA 0012 SECTION DATA, ,EPPLER MOOEL, Ci.. t co, DEC78
0 o.oooo o.oooo .02~5
/

0 1.0000 .1057 .02~7

0 2.0000 ~072 ~02~,1. ..
0 3.0000 .3032 .0259
0 4.0000 .3929 .0270
0 s.oooo .4781 .0282
0 6.0000 -.0:298 .0~60
0 7.0000 -.1089 .0580
0 e.oooo -.0699 .0720
0 9.0000 -.0198 .0860
0 10.0000 .0320 .1010
0 11.0000 .0856 .1170
0 12.0000 1894 .13'4 0
0 13.0000 .19 3'4 .1520
0 1'4.0000 .2'47~ .1710
0 1:).0000 .3014 .1910
0 16.0000 355(4. 2100
0 17.0000 .lj00') .. 2300
0 18.0000 .'4620 .2520
0 19.0000 .5147 .27'40
0 20.0000 .5663 .2970 ----- ..... ... ... . .. . - ~------

(] 2leOOOU .6184 ~3,0 0

0 22.0000 6709 .3taq.o
Q, 23. 0 0 00 .7238 .3690
0 24.0000 .7765 3-940
0 25.0000 .8297 .'4200
0 2(,.0000 e8831 e.-\460
0 27.0000 .9365 wlf730
0 30.0000 9150 .5700
0 35.0000 1.0200 .7'450
0 40.0000 1.0750 .9200
0 45.0000 1.0850 1.0750
0 so.oooo 1.0400 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9650 1.3450
0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 7650 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6500 1.6650

14
Table 2. (cont)

0 75.0000 .5150 i .1-350

0 80.0000 .3700 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2200 1e8000
0 90.0000 .0700 1.8000
0 95.0000 -. 0 700 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.2200 1.7500
0 105.0 00 0 -.3700 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.5100 1~6350
0 115.0000 -.6250 1.5550
0 120.0 000 -.7350 1.~650
0 125.0 00 0 -.8~00 1.3500
0 130.0000 -.9100 1.2250
0 135.0 00 0 -.9~50 1.0850
0 1~0.0000 -.'3't50 .9250
0 1~'5.0000 -.9100 .7550
0 150.0000 -.8500 .5750
0 155.0000 -.7400 .~200
0 160.0000 -.6600 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6750 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1~00
0 175.0000 -.6900 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
40000.0 NACA 0012 SECTION DATA, ,::PPLER MO[)Elt Clt co, OEC78
0 o.oooo o.. oooo .0175
0 1.0000 .1100 .0177
0 2.0000 .2200 .0181
0 3.0000 .3376 .0189
0 ~.oooo .4~6~ .0199
0 s.oooo .5276 .0218
0 6.QOOO .6115 .0232
0 7.0000 -.0212 .0580
0 8.0000 -.0615 .0720
0 9.0000 -.0160 .0860
0 10.0000 .0344 .1 010
0 11.0000 .0869 .1170
0 12.0000 .1406 .1340
0 13.0000 .1945 .1520
0. 1/J.OOOO 2 IJ8~ .1710
0 15.0000 .3024 .1900
0 16.0000 3563 .2100
0 . 17.0(}00 .4107 .2.310
0 18. 0 00 0 .4644 .2520
0 19.0000 .5178 .2740
0 20.0000 5708 .2970
0 21.0000 .6232 .3200
0 22.0000 .6755 .3440
0 23.0000 .7283 .3690
0 24.0000 .7809 .3940
0 25.0000 8340 .4200
0 26.0 0 0 0 .8873 .4460
Table 2. (cont)

0 27.0 000 9'l07 .4730

0 30 .o 000 .9150 .5700
0 35.o'OO 0 1.0200 .7450
0 40~0000 1 0 750 .9200
o. 45.0000 1.0850 1.0750
0 50.0000 1.0400 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9650 1e3/l50
0 60.0000 . 8750 1.4700
0. 65.0000 .7650 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6500 1.6650
Q. 75.0000 .5150 1.7350
0 8o.oooo .3700 1e7800
0 85.0000 .2200 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0700 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.0700 1.7800
0 1oo.oooo -.2200 le75UU
0 105.0000 -.3700 1.7000
0 110.0000 ~.5100 1.6350
.o 1150000 -.62!10 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.7350 1.4650
0 125.0000 -.8400 1 . 3500
0 130 .o 000 -.9100 1.2250
0 135 .o 000 -.9450 le0850
0 140.0000 -.9450 .9250
0 145.0 00 0 -.9100 .7550
0 150.0000 -.osoo !H:JO
0 155.0000 -.7400 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6600 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6750 .2300
0 1'10.0000 -.85oo .1400
o 175.oooo -.6900 .ossa
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
80ooo.o ~ACA 0012 SECTION OAT At EPPLER MOJElt CL t co, OEC78
0. n.nooo 0 . 0 000 .0133
0 10000 1100 0134
0 2e0000 .2200 eUlj8
0 3.0000 .3300 .0145
0. ~. 0 000 e'l400 .0155
0 s.oooo .ssoo -0170
0 6.0000 .6384. .0189
0 7.0000 7227 .0204
0 8.oooo .6930 .0222
0 9.0000 -.0010 e0600
0 10.0000 .0413 .0600
0. 11.0000 .0911 .1170
0. 12.0000 .1430 .1340
0 13.0000 .1966 .1520
0 14.0000 2?04 .1710
0 15.0000 .3043 .1900
0 16-.0 000 .3582 .2100

16
Table 2. (cont)

0 17.0000 -~-'J139 .2310

-0 18.0000 .4689 .2520
0 19.0000 .5232 .27/JO
0 20.0000 .5770 .2970
0 21.0000 .6305 .3200
,0 22.0000 .6839 .3440
0 23.0000 .7373 .3690
0 2'l.OOOO .7902 .3940
0 25.0 00 0 .8432 .4200

-0
0 26.0000
27.0000.
.8963
.9496
.4460
.IJ730
--
0 30.0 00 0 9150 .5700
0 35 .o 000 1.0200 .7'450
0 40.0000 1.0750 .9200
0 IJ5.0000 1.0850 1.0750
0 50.0000 1e0400. 12150
0 55.0000 .9650 1.3450
0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 .7650 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6500 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5150 1.7350
0 8o.oooo .3700 1e7800
0 85.0000 .2200 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0700 1e8000
0 95.0000 -.0700 1. 7 800
0 100.0000 -.2200 1.7500
0 105.0000 -. 3700 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.5100 1.6350
0 115.t0000 -.6250 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.7350 1.'J650
0 125.0 00 0 -.8400 1.3500
0 130.0000 -.9100 1.2250
0 135 .o 00 0 -.9'l50 1.0850
0 140.0000 -.9450 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9100 .7550
p 150.0000 -.asoo .5750
0 155.0000 -.7400 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6600 " .3200
0 165.0000 -.6750 2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6900 .0550
1 180.0000 -o.oooo .0250
160000.0 NACA 0012 SECTION OAT At EPPLER MOJELt CLt cu, OEC78
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0103
0 1.0000 .1100 .0104
0 2.0000 .2200 .o 108
o- 3.0000 .3300 .0114
0 LJ.oooo .IJ400 .0124
0 5.0000 .5500 .0140
0 s.oooo .6600 .0152

17
Table 2. (cont)

0 7.0000 .7460 .o 170

0 a.oooo 8274 .0185
0 9.0000 .8527 .0203
0 10.0000 .1325 .0188
0 11.0000 1095 .0760
0 12.0000 .1533 .1340
0 13.0000 .2030 .1520
0 14.0000 .2546 .1710
0 15.0000 .3082 .1900
0 16.0000 .3620 .2100
0 17.0000 .4200 .2310
'o 18.0000 .lt7g8 .2520
0 19e000U a322 .2740-
0 20.0000 .5870 .2970
0 21 0 000 .. 6lt1't .3200
IJ 22.0000 .6956 .3440
0 23.0000 .7497 .3690
0 24.0000 .803/t .3940
0 25 .. 0000 .8572 '+200
0 26.0 000 .9109 .lt'J60
0 27.0 000 .9646 .4730
0 30.0000 .9150 .5700
0 35.0 00 0 1.0200 7450
0 40.0000 1 0 750 .9200
0 45.0000 1.0850 leO 750
0 50.0000 1.0400 1.21:)0
0 ss.oooo .9650 1. 345 0
0 60.0000 .8750 1e'J700
0 65.0000 .7650 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6500 laf-.650
0 75.0000 5150 1.7350
0 8o.oooo .3700 1-7800
0 85.00000 .2200 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0700 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.07()0 1 ... 7 80 0
Q 1oo.oooo -.2200 . 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3700 1."1000
0 110.0000 -.5100 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.6250 1.5550
0 1200000 -. 7350 14650
0 125.0000 -.8400 1.3500
0 130.0 00 0 -.9100 1.2250
0 135 .o 00 0 -.9450 1.0850
0 140.0000 -.9450 .9250
0 145.0000 -.cnoo .7550
0 150.0000 -.8500 .5750
0 155.0000 -.7400 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6600 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6750 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400

18
Table 2. (cont)

0 175.0000 -.6900 .0550

1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
36 00 00.0 NACA 0012 SECTION OAT At t..PPLER MOlELt CL, COt OEC78
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0079
0 1.0000 .1100 .oo8o
0 2.0000 .2200 .o 084
0 3.0000 3300 .0089
0 4.0000 .4400 .0098
0 5. 0 00 0 .5500 .0113
0 6.0000 --.6500 .0125
0 7.0000 .7700 .0135
0 8.0000 .8542 .o 153
0 9.0000 9352 .o 16 7
0 10.0000 .9811 .0184
0 11.0000 .9132 .0204
0 12.0000 .4832 .o 217
0 13.0000 .2759 .0222
0 14.0000 2893 .1060
0 15.0000 .3305 .1900
0 15.0000 .3792 .2100
0 17.0000 4455 .2310
0 18.0000 .5047 .2520
0 19.0000 5591 .2740
0 20.0000 .6120 .2970
0 21.0000 .6643 .3200
0 22.0000 .7179 .341+0
'.
0 23.0000 .T115 .3690
0 24.0000 .8246 .3940
0 25.0000 .a 1ao .4200
0 26.0000 .9313 .4460
0 27.0000 'j846 .4730
0 30.0 00 0 .9150 .5700
0 35. 0 00 0 1.0200 .7450
0 40.0000 1.0750 .9200
0 - 45.0000 r.;os!lu 1.0750
0 so.oooo 1.01\00 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9650 1.3450
0 60.0000 8 750 1.4700
0 65.0000 7650 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6500 .. 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5150 1. 7 350
0 ao.oooo .3100 1. 780 0
0 85.0000 .2200 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0700 1e8000
o 95.0000 -.0700 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.2200 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3700 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.5100 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.6250 1.5550
0- 120.0 0 0 0 -.7350
-- -------
1.4650

19
Table 2. (cont)

0 . 125.0 0 0 ()""" .. .. ..:-; 8/t-00-

1.3500
0 130 .o 000 -.9100 12250
0 135.oeooo -.9450 1.0 850
0 140.0000 -.9450 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9100 .7550
0 150.0000 -.a5oo .5 750"
0 155.0000 -.7400 .4200
0 160.0000 - . 6600 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6750 .2300
0 170.0000 ;...8500 e1-\00
0 175.0000 -.6900 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
700000.0 r..IACA 0012 SECTION OAT At EPP~ER HOQELt Ctt co, OEC78
0 -o.oooo o.oooo .0067
0 1.0000 .1100 .0068
0 2.QQ2.Q .2200 .0070
0 3.0000 .3300 .0075
0 -t.oooo .4400 .0083
0 5.0000 .5500 .0097
O 6.0000 .6600 .0108
0 7.0000 -7700 .0118
0 8.oooo .8800 .0128
0 9.0000 .9598 .0144
0 10.0000 1.0343 .0159
0 11.0000 1e0749 .01"75
0 12.0000 1. 0390 .0195 .
0 13.0000 .8737 .0216
0 14.0000 .6284 .0236
0 15.0000 .4907 1170
0 16.0000 .4696 .2100
0 17.0000 .51'15 2300
0 18.0000 .5584 .2520
0 19.0000 .6032 .2740
0 20.0000 .6474 .2970
0 21.0000 .6949 .3200
0 22.0000 .7446 .3440
0 23.0000 .7948 .3690
0 24e000U .B4&2 .3940
0 25 .o 00 0 .8984 .4200
0 26.0000 .9506 4460
0 27 0 000 1.0029 .47~0
0 30 .o 000 .9150 .5700
0 35.0 000 1.0200 .7450
0 40.0000 1.0750 .9200
0 45.0000 10850 1. 0 750
0 50.0000 1.0400 12150
0 55.0000 .9650 1.3 45 0
0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 .7650 1.5750
0
-
70.0000 .6500 1.6650

20
Table 2. (cont)

0- 75.0000 .5150 1. 7 350

i:J 80.0000 .3700 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2200 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0700 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.0700 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.2200 1. 7500
0 105.0000 -.3700 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.5100 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.6250 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.7350 1.4650
-o 125.0 00 0 -.8400 1.3500
0 130.0000 -.3100 1.2250
0 135.0000 -.3450 1.0850
0 140.0000 -.9450 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9100 .7550
0 150.0000 -.8500 .5750
0 155.0000 -.7400 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6600 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6750 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6900 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
1000000.0 NACA 0012 SECTION DATA, EPPLER MODELt c_, co, O~:.C78
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0065
0 1.0 00 0 .1100 .0066
0 '20000 2200 - .0068
0 3.0000 .3300 .0071
0 4.oooo .4400 .0078
0 s.oooo .5500 .0091
0 6.0000 .6600 .o 101
0 7.0000 .7700 .0110
0 8.oooo .8800 .0119
0 9.0000 .9661 .0134
0 10.0000 1.0512 .0147
0 11.0000 1.1097 .0162
0 12.0000 1.1212 .0180
0 13.0000 1.0487 .0200
0 14.0000 .8846 .0222
0 15.0000 7108 .0245
0 16.0000 .6060 .1280
0 17.0000 .5906 .231.0
0 18.0000 .6030 .2520
0 19.0000 .6334 .2740
0 20.000'0 .6716 .2970
0 21.0 0 0 0 .7162 .3200
0 22.0000 .7613 .3440
0 23.0000 .8097 . 3690
0 24.0 000 .8589 .3940
0 25.0 00 0 .9093 .4200
0 26.0000 .9618 .4460

21
 Table 2. (cont)_

0 21 .a oo o 1.0144 .4730
0 30 .o 000 .9150 .5700
0 35.0 00 0 1e0200 .7~50
0 40.0000 1.0750 .9200
0 45.0000 1.0850 1.0750
0 50.0000 1.0400 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9650 1.3450
0 60.0000 8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 .7650 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6500 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5150 1-7350
0 8o.oooo .3700 1.780 0
0 85.0000 .2200 1e8000
0 90.0000 0 700 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.0700 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.2200 1e7500
0 105.0000 -.3700 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.5100 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.6250 1 555 0
0 120.0000 -.7350 1.4650
0 125.0000 -.8400 1.3500
0 . 130 .o 00 0 -.9100 1.2250
0 135.0 co 0 -.9450 1.0850
0 140.0000 -.9450 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9100 .7550
0 l~n.nnnn --J:\'500 .5750
0 155.0000 -.7400 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6600 .3200
0 165.0000 -. 6 750 -2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .140 0
0 175.0000 -.6900 .osso
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
2000000.0 NACA 0012 SECTION DATA, EPPLER MODEL, CL, co, OEC78
0 o.oooo 'o.oooo .0064
0 1.0000 .1100 .0064
0 2.00UU .2200 .0066
0 3.0000 .3300 ;.oo69
0 4.0000 .4400 .0073
0 5.0000 .5500 0081
0 6.0000 .6600 .0090
0 1.ooou 7700 .0097
0 a.oooo .8800 .0105
0 9.0000 9900 .0113
0 10.0000 1.0727 .0128
0 11.0000 1.1539 .011+0
0 12.0000 1.2072 .0155
0 13.0000 1.2169 .0172
0 14.0000 1.1614 .0191
0 15.0000 1.0478 .0213
0 16.0000
-
.9221 0237

22
Table 2. (cont)

- --- ---- ---- .. .

0 1 i-;Q 0 0 0 ~ 7826 .1380
0 18.0000 .71(,3 .2520
0 19.0000 .7091 .2740
0 20.0000 7269 .2970
0 21.0000 e7595 .3200
0 22.0000 .7981 .34~0
0 23.0000 .8429 .3690
0 24.0 000 .8882 .3940
0 25.0000 .9352 .4200
0 25.0000 9842 .4460
0 27.0000 1. 0 355 .4730
0 30.0 00 0 .3150 .570 0
0 35.0000 1.0200 .7450
0 40.0000 1. 0 750 .9200
0 45.0000 1.0850 1.0 '750
0 50.0000 1.0400 1.2150
0 55.0000 '3650 1.3450
0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 '7650 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6500 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5150 1.7350
0 8o.oooo .3-/00 1.7800
0 85.oooo .2200 1e8000
0 90.0000 0 700 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.0700 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.2200 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3700 1e7000
0 110.0000 -.5100 1.6 350
0 115.0000 -.6250 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.7350 1.4650
0 125.0000 -8400 1e3500
0 130.0000 -.9100 1.2250
0 135.0000 -.3450 1.0850
o 140.0000 -.3450 .9250
n 14~.0000 -.9100 .7550
0 150.0000 -.8500 .5750
0 155.0000 -.7400 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6600 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6750 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6300 .ossa
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
5000000.0 NACA 0012 SECTION DATA, EPPLER MOJELt c:..' co, DEC78
0 o.oooo o.oooo .o 064
0 1.0000 .1100 .0064
0 2.0000 .2200 .0066
0 3.0000 .3300 .0068
0 4.0000 .4400 .0072
0 5.0000 .5500 .0076
0 5.0000_ 6600 0 081

23
 Table 2. (cont)

0 7.0000 7"700 .o 086

0 8.oooo .8800 .0092
0 9.0000 .9900 .0098
0 to.oo'ho lelOOO .0106
0 11.0000 1al8'J2 .0118
0 12.0000 1.2673 - .0130
0 13.0000 1a32'J2 .01'+3
0 1/JeOOOO 1e3'J23 .0159
0 15.0000 1.3093 .0177
0 1s;.oooo 1a2195 .0198
0 17.0000 10365 .0229
0 18.0000 .905~ .1~80
0 19.0000 .8-412 .2740
0 20.0 000 .8233 .2970
0 21~0000 .8327 .3200
0 22efJIJIIf1 856~J .34~0
0 23~0000 .8903 .3690
0 24.0000 .9295 .3940
0 25.0 00 0 .9718 .4200
0 2&.0000 la0193 .'J460
0 27.0000 1.0680. .4730
0 30 .o 000 .9150 .5700
0 35.0 000 1.0200 .7450
0 40.0000 1.0750 .920 0
0 45.0000 1.0850 1.0 750
0 50.0000 1.0400 1.2150
. 0 55.0000 9650 1.3450
0 60.0000 .a 750 1.~ 70 0
0 65.0000 7 (,50 1.5750
0 70.0000 .c.soo 1.6650
0 75.0000 5150 1.7350
0 80.0000 .3700 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2200 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0700 i 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.0700 1.7800
0 100.0000 -2200 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3700 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.5100 1.6350 ..
0 115.0000 -.6250 1e5550
0 120.0000 -.7350 1.4&50
0 12.5. 0 00 0 -8400 1.3500
0 130.0 00 0 -.9100 1.2250
0 135.0 00 0 -.9'J50 10850
0 1~0.0000 -.9450 .9250
0 1~5.0000 -.9100 .7550
0 150.0000 -.8500 .5750
0 155.0000 -.7400 -~200
0 160.0000 -.6600 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6750 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1~00
-

24
Table 2. (cont)

0 175.0000 -~.6900 055 (f. -----

1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
10000000.0 NACA 0012 SECTION DATA, EPPLER MODEL, C:..t co, OEC78
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0054
0 1.0000 .1100 .o 064
0 2.0000 .2200 .0066
0 3. 0 0 00 .3300 .0068
0 4.0000 .4400 .0071
0 5.0000 5500 .0074
0 6.0000 .6600 .0078
0 7.0000 .7700 .0082
0 8.oooo .8800 .o 086
0 9.0000 .9900 .o 091
0 10.0000 1.1000 .oo97
0 11. 0000 1.2100 .o 104
0 12.0000 1.2906 0116
0 13.0000 1.3687 .0127
() 14.0000 1. 4_171 .0141
0 15.0000 1e4214 .0157
0 16.0000 1e2941 0182
0. 17.0000 1.1200 .o 210
0 18.0000 .9795 .0241
0 19. 0000 8983 .1610
0 20.0000 .8668 2970
0 21.0000 .8665 .3200
0 22.0000 .8859 .3440
0 23.0000 .9151 - ._3690
0 24.0000 e91J92 .3940
0 25 .o 00 0 .9927 .4200
0 26 .o 000 1.0371 .IJ4SO
0 27.0000 1.0833 .4730
0 30.0 000 .9150 .5700
0_ 35.,0000 1.0200 .7450
0 ~o.oooo 1. 0 750 .920 0
0 IJ5.0000 1. 0 850 10750
0 . 50.0000 1.0400 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9650 1.3450
0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 .7650 . 1.5750
0 70.0000 6500 1.6650
0 75.0000 5150 l. 7 350
0 so.oooo. 3700 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2200 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0700 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.0700 1.7800
0 too.oooo -.2200 1.7500
0 105.0000 -. 3.700 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.5100 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.6250 1.5550
0 120.0 000 -.7350 1.4650'

25
Table 2. (cont)

0 125.0000 -.8~00 1.3500

0 130.0 000 -.9100 1.2250
0 135.0 00 0 -.9'J50 1e0850
0 140.0000 -.9'J50 .9250
0 1/J5.0000 -.9100 .7550
0 150.0000 -.8500 .5750
0 155.0000 -.7400 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6600 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6750 .2300
9 170.0000 -.8500 .1~00
0 175.0000 -.6900 .0550
2 180.00 00 o.oooo .0250

26
Table 3. Lift and Drag Coefficie!!_~ for the NACA- 00l5 Airfoil (tQ4 < Re < to7

Re
10000.0 NACA 0015 SECTION DATA, :.PPLER MO[)ELt CL, co, OEC 78
a ~ cd
0 o;oooo o.oooo .0360
0 1.oooo .0434 .0362
0 2.0000 0 715 .0366
0 3.0000 .0725 .0373
0 4.oooo .0581 .a 383
0 5.0000 0162 . 0393
0 6.0000 . -.0781 .0400
01 7.0000 -.1517 .o 510
0 s.oooo -.1484 .0640
0 9.0000 -.1194 .o 770
0 10.-0000 -.0791 .o 910
0 11.0000 -.0348 .1070
0 12.0000 .0138 1230
0 13.0000 .0649 .1400
0 14.0000 .1172 .1580
0 1s.oooo .1706 .1770
0 16.0000 .2242 .1960
0 17.0000 . 2780 .2170
0 18.0000 .3319 .2380
0 19.0000 3859 .2600
0 20.0 0 0 0 4399 .2820
0 21.0"000 .4939 .3050
0 22.0000 .5479 .3290
0 23.0000 .6019 .3540
0 24.0000 6559 3 790
0 25.0000 . 7099 .4050
0 26.0 00 0 .7639 .4320
0 27.0000 .817'+ .4600
0 30.0 00 0 .8550 .570 0
0 35 .o 00 0 .9800 .7450
0 '+0.0000 1.0350 .9200
0 lf.S.OOOO 1.0500 1.0750
0 50.0000 1.0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 9550 1.3430
0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0 6:::>.0000 .7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1. 7 350
0 80.0000 3650 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2300 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0900 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.0500 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.'+500 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.4650
Table 3. (cont)

0 125.0 00 0 -.7600 1.3500

0 130 9 000 -.8500 1.2250
0 135.0000 -.9300 1e0850
0 1'+0.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 1'+5.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0 155.0000 -.6700 .4200
0 160.0000 -. 6350 .3200
0 Hl5.oooo -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1 40 0
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
20000.0 NACA 0015 SECTION DATA, EPPLER MOiJELt CLt co, OEC 18
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0265
0 1.0000 0 891 .0267
0 2.0000 .1740 .o 271
0 3.0000 2452 .0279
0 4.0000 .3041 .0290
0 5.0000 .3359 .0303
0 G.oooo .3001 e041U
0 . 1.oooo .0570 .0510
0 8.oooo -.110'+ .06'+0
0 9.0000 -.1050 .0770
0 10.0000 -. 0728 0910
0 11.0000 -.0300 1070
0 12.000_0 .0173 1230
0 13.0000 0678 .1400
----
0 14.0000 .1193 1580
0 15.0000 .1721 .1770
0 16.000U .2256 .19~0
0 17.0000 .2792 .-2170
0 18.0000 .3331 2380
0 19.0 000 .3869 .2600
0 20.0000 .'+409 2820 . -----
u 21. u 000 .4949 .3050
0 22.0000 .5489 .3290
0 23.0000 .6029 .35'+0
0 24 .o 000 .6569 .3790
0 25.0000 .7109 .40:-JO
0 26.0000 .76'+9 .4320
0 27.0000 .8191 l'ff,O 0
0 30.0000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0000 .9800 .7450
0 '+00000 1.0350 .9200
0 '+5. 0 00 0 1.0500 1.0750
0 5.0 .o 000 1.0200 12150
0 5:Je0000 .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 .7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 6300 . 1.6650

28
Table 3. (cont)

.0 75.0000 .5000 1. 7350

0 80.0000 .3650 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2300 18000
0 90.0000 .0900 1.8000
0. 95.0000 ~ -.o5oo 1e7800
0 100.0000. -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.1+500 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.1+650
0 125.0000 -.7600 1.3500
0 130.0 00 0 -.8soo 1.2250
0 135.0 00 0 -.9300 1.0850
0 140.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 145.0000 -.3000 .7550
0 150.0000 -. 7.700 .5750
0 155.0000. -.6700 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .140.0
0 175.0000 -.6600 .ossa
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
40000.0 NACA 0015 SECTION DATA, EPPLER MOJEL, CL.t co, DEC 78
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0196
0 1.0000 .1054 .o 198
0 2.0000 .2099 .0202
0 3.0000 .3078 .0209
0 4.0000 .4017 .0219
0 s.oooo .4871 .0232
0 6.0000 5551 0 249 .
0 7.0000 .5730 .0267
0 8.0000 .. .4663 .0520
0 9.0000 .0433 .0770
0 10.0000 -.0413 .0910
0 11.0000 -.0144 .1070
0 12.0000 .0261 .1230
0 13.0000 .0741 .1400
0 11+.0000 .1244 .1580
0 15.0000 . .1756 .1 770
0 u;.oooo 2280 .1960
0 17.0000 .2815 .2170
0 18.0000 .3351 .2380
0 19.0000 .3889 .2600
0 20.0000 e4427 .2820
0 21.0 000 .4966 .3050
0 22.0000 .5506 .3290
0 23.0000 .6045 .3540
0 24.0000 .6585 .3790
0 25.0000 .7125 .4050
0 26.0000 .7666 .4320

29
Table 3. (cont)

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ----
0 27.0000 .8222 '+600
0 30.0000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0000 .9800 .7450
0 40.0000 1e0350 .9 200
0 45.0000 1.0500 1.0750
0 50.0000 1e0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 .7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .sooo 1.7350
0 HU.UOIJU .lb~U 1. 180 0
0 85.0000 .2300 1.8000
0 Yo.uuoo eUYUO 1.8UOU
0 95.0000 -.0500 1. 7 800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1. '70 0 0
0 110.0000 -.'+500 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.(J650
0 12:Je0000 -.7600 Le3500
0 130.0000 -.8500 1.2250
0 135.0 00 0 -.9300 1.0850
0 1'+0.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 1'+5.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0 155.0000 -.6'700 '+200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6800 2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
80ooo.o NACA 0013 SECTION OAT At t.PPLER MODEL t CL t co, DEC 78
0 o.oooo o.oooo .01'+7
0 t.oooo .1100 .0148
0, 2.0000 2200 .0151
0 3. 0 0 00 .3300 .0156
0 tt.oooo '+lOG .0168 '
0 5.0000 .5180 .0181
0 6.0000 .5048 .0197
0 7.0000 .67GO .0214
0 a.oooo .7189 .0234
0 9.0000 .6969 .0255
0 10.0000 .5122 .0277
0 11.0000 .16'+2 0 760
0 12.0000 .07'+9 -t':~o
0 13.0000 .0967 .1'+00
0 14.0000 .1382 .1 580
0 15.0000 .1861 .1770
0 16.0000 .2364 .1960
-- - - - - - - -- ---- - --- --- ----

30
Table 3. (cont)

. ---- -- -.- ----

0 17.0000 .2873 .2170
0 18.0000 .3393 .2380
0 19.0000 .3927 .2600
0 20.0 000 4463 .2820
0 21.0000 .5001 .3050
0 22.0000 .5539 .3290
0 23.0000 .6078 .3540
0 24.0000 .6617 .3790
0 25.0000 .7156 .4050
0 26.0000 7700 .4320
0 27.0000 .8277 .4600
0 30.0 00 0 .8550 .5700
0 35.0 00 0. 9800 .7450
0 40.0000 1e0350 .9200
0 45.oooo 1.0500 1.0750
0 50.0000 1e0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 8 750 1.4700
0 65.0000 7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .sooo 1.7350
0 8o.oooo .3650 1.7800
0 85.0000 2300 1.8000
0 90.0000 0900 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.0500 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.4500 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.55~0
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.4650
0 125 .o 00 0 -.7600 1 .3500
0 130.0000 -.8500 1.2250
0 135.0000 -.3300 1.0 850
0 140.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 . 7550
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0 155.0000 -. 5 700 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .o 550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
160000.0 NACA 0015 SECTION OAT At EPPLER MOJ ~L t CLt co, DEC 78
0 o.oooo o.oooo .o llr:.
0 t.oooo .1100 .0117
0 2.0000 .2200 .0120
0 3.0000 .3:300 .0124
0 4.0000 .4400 .0132
0 s.oooo .5'300 0142
0 s.oooo .6299 .0160

31
Table 3. (cont)

0 7.0000 .7150 .0176

0 8.0000 .7851 .01'33
0 9~-oooo .8311 .0212
0 10.0000 .8322 .0233
0 11.0000 7623 .0256
0 12.0000 .5936 .0281
0 13.0000 3 548 .0302
0 1/J.OOOO .2371 .10'l0
0 15.0000 .2376 .1 770
0 16.0000 .2665 e1970
0 17.0000 .3098 .2170
0 18.0000 .3567 .2380
0 19.0000 .4066 .2600
0 20.0000 '+575 .2820
0 21.0 000 .5087 .3050
0
-~
22.0000
- . . .. . . - - - -
.5611 .3290
0 23.0000 .61'l8 .35'+0
0 2/J.OOOO .6685 .3790
0 25.0 00 0 .122/J .~J050
0 26.()000 7771 .IJ320
0 27.0000 .8382 .IJ600
0 30.0000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0000 .9800 .71J50
0 IJO.OOOO 1.0350 .9200
0 IJ5.0000 1.0500 1.0 750
0 50.0000 1.0200 12150
0 55.0000 .~!)!)(J l.J'tSO
0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 .7600 1.5750
0 70 .. 0000 .6300 1.6650
0 7~.0000 5000 1.7350
0 80.0000 .3650 1.7800
0 .85 .a ooo .2300 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0900 1e8000 --
.-..,............... ..... ---
0 95.0000 -.0500 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.o\500 1e63~U
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.4650
0 125.0000 -.7{;.00 1.3500
0 130.0 000 -.8500 1.2250
0 135.0000 -.9300 1.0 850
0 140.0000 -.'3800 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 7550
0 150.0000 -. 7700 .5750
0 155.0000 -.6700 .o\200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 1 5.5. 000 0 -.6800 .230 0
0 11o.oooo -.8500 .1400

32
Table 3. (cont)

0 175.0000 ..;..6600 .0550

1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
3600 00 .o NACA 0015 SECTION DATA, EPPLER MO)ELt CLt co, DEC 78
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0091
0 1.0000 .1100 .0092
0 2.0000 .2200 .0094
0 3.0000 ~3300 0098
0 4.0000 .4400 .0105
0 5.0000 .5500 . 0114
0 6.0000 .6600 .o 126
0 7.0000 .7390 .0143
0 8.oooo .8240 .0157
0 9.0000 .8946 .0173
0 10.0000 .9440 .0191
0 11.0000 .9572 .0211
0 12.0000 .9285 .0233
0 13.0000 .8562 .0257
0 14.0000 .7483 .o 283
0 15.0000 .6350 .0312
0 16.0000 .538'+ .1240
0 17.0000 .4851 .2170
0 18.0000 .4782 .2380
0 19.0000 .4908 .2600
0 20.0000 .52'+7 .2820
0 21.0 000 .5616 .3050
0 22.0000 .6045 .3290
0 23.0 000 .6528 .35'+0
0 24.0000 .7015 .3790
0 25.0000 7511 .'+050
0 26.0000 .8055 .4320
0 27.0000 .8788 .'+600
0 30 .o 000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0000 9800 .7450
0 40.0000 1.0350 .9200
0 45.0 000 1.0500 1-0750
0 50.0000 1.0200 12150
0 .55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0. 60.0000 8750 14 70 0
0 65.0000. .7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1e6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1.7350
0 ao.oooo 3650 le7800
0 85.0000 2300 1e8000
0 90.0000 .0900 la8000
0 95.0000 -.o5oo 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.4500 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120. 0 0 0 0 -. 6 700 1elf.650
- - - ------ - -- ... --- ---

33
Table 3. (cont)

----. - --- -- --------------------

012 5 0 (fifir---::~--=; 6 0 0 1.3500
0 130.0000 -.8500 1.2250
0 135.0000 -.9300 1.0850
0 140.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0 155.0000 -.6700 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .-0250
700000.0 NACA 0015 SECTION DATAt EPPLER MOOELt CLt COt DEC 78
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0077
0 1.0000 .1100 .0078
0 2.0000 .2200 .0080
0 3.0000 .3300 .0083
0 4.0000 .4400 .0089
0 s.oooo .5500 .0098
0 6.0000 .6600 .0108
0 7.0000 .7483 .0122
0 8.0000 .8442 .0135
0 9.0000 .9260 .0149
0 10.0000 .9937 .0164
D 11.0000 1.0363 .0182
0 12.0000 1.0508 .0200
0 13.0000 1.03~2 .0221
0 14.0000 .9801 .0244
0 15.0000 .9119 .0269
0 1o.OOOO .8401 .0297
0 170000 .7799 1340
0 18.0000 .7305 .2380
0 19.0000 .7041 .2600
0 20.0000 .6990 .2820
0 21.0000 .7097 .3050
0 22.0000 .7298 .3290
0 23.0000 .7593 .3540
0 24.0000 .7~61 .319U
0 25.0000 .8353 .4050
0 25.0000 e88J8 e4J20
0 27.0000 .9~73 .4600
0 30.0000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0000 .9800 .7450
0 40.0000 1.0350 .9200
...::____::....::_::~~=---~~~~---:--'~~:-------------'"-------
0 45.0000 1.0500 1.0750
0 50.0000 1.0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 .7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650

34
Table 3. (cont)

0 75.0000 .5000 1.7350

0 8o.oooo .3650 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2300 1.8000
0 90.0000 0 900 1.8 00 0
0 95.0000 -.0500 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.4500 1a6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.4650
0 125.0000 -.7600 1.3500
0 130.0000 -.8500 1a2250
0 135.0 00 0 -.9300 1.0850
0 14o.oooo -.9800 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0 155.0000 -.6700 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200.
0 165.0000 - . 6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
1000000.0 NAC~ 0015 SECTION OAT At EPPLER M0 1JELt C:..:e COt DEC 18
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0074
0 1.0000 .1100 .0075
0 2.0000 .2200 .0076
0 3.0000 3300 .0079
0 4.0000 .4400 .o 083
0 5.0000 .5500 .0091
0 fuOOOO .6600 .o101
0 7.0000 .7700 .0111
0 8.oooo 8 50 4 .0126
0 9.0000 . 9387 .0138
0 10.0000 1.0141 .o 152
0 11.0000 1.0686 .0168
0 12.0000 1.09'71 -~0186
0 13.0000 ' 1a0957 .o 205
0 11+.0000 1.0656 .o 225
0 15.0000 1.014~ a0249
0 16.0000 '356 7 0 275
0 17.0000 8996 0 303
0 18.0000 8566 .1450
0 19.0000 8226 .2600
0 20.0000 8089 .2820
0 21.0 0 0 0 .8063 .3050
0 22.0000 .8189 .3290
0 23.0000 8408 .3540
0 24.0000 .8668 .3790
0 25.0000 .9023 .'+050
0 2~. 0 0 0 0 .9406------
---------~---
.4320

35
Table 3. (cont)

0 27.0000 .9912 .4600

0 30.0 900 .8550 .5700
0. 35.0"000 9800 .7450
0 40.0000 1e0350 .9200
0 45.0000 1e0500 1.0750
0 50.0000 10200 12150
0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 .7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1.7350
0 8o.oooo .3650 17800
0 85.0000 .2300 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0900 t.8ooo
0 95.0000 -. 0 500 1.7800
0 10'0 .o 000 -.1850 1.7500
0 tos.ooou -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.4500. 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120 . 0 000 -.6700 1.4650
D 125 .o 000 -.7600 1.3500
0 130.0 000 -.8500 1.2250
0 135.0 000 -.9300 1.0850
0 140.0000 -.9800 .9250
a 145.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 150.000_0 -.7700 .5750
0 155.0000 -.6700 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6800 2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .11100
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .02~0
2000000.0 NACA 0015 SECTION-DATA, E:PPLER MODELt-CLt co, .DEC 78
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0070
0 1.0000 1100 .0071
0 2.0000 . 2200 .0072
0 3. 0 0 00 .:noo .Q07!J '
0 4.0000 . 4400 .0078
0 5.0000 .5500 .0083
0 5. 0 000 .6600. .0090
0 1.oooo .7700 0098
0 8.oooo .aaoo .010 8
0 9.0000 .9574 .0121
0 10.0000 1.0433 .0133
0 11.0000 11138 .o 146
0 12.0000 1.1667 .0161
0 13.0000 1e1948 .0177
0 1fl.OOOO 1.1962 .0195
0 15.0000 1e17ofl4 .0215
0 16.0000 1.1356 .0237

36
Table 3. (cont)

37
Table 3. (cont)

~----- ------ -- -- --- ... -

0 7.0000 7"700 .0089
0 8.oooo 8800 .0095
0 9.0000 .9900 .0102
0 10.0000 1.0685 .0113
0 11.0000 1.1553 .012~
0 12.0000 1.2290 .0136
0 13.0000 1.028~7 .0149
0 13.0000 1. 284 7 .o 149
0 14.0000 1.3187 .0164
0 15.0000 1.3298 .0180
0 16.0000 1.3186 0198
0 17.0000 1.2917 .0218
0 18.0000 1.2576 .o 240
0 19.0000 1.22~2 .0265
0 20.0000 1.1965 .1660
0 21.0000 11771 .3050
0 22.0000 1.16~ 1 .3290
0 23.0000 1.1611 .3540
0 24.0000 1el5G3 .37CJn
0 25.0000 1e1322 .4050
0 26.0 00 0 1.1268 .4320
0 27.0000 1.1397 .4600
0 30.0 00 0 .8550 .5700
0 35.0 00 0 '3800 .7450
0 40.0000 1.0350 .9200
0, 45.onnn 1 ... 0500 1.0760
0 50.0000 1.0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 .A750 1.4700
o 65.0000 7600 1.5750
u IU.OOOO .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .sooo 1 7 350
0 8o.oooo .3650 1. 7 80 0
0 85.0000 2.300 1. 8 00 0
0 90.0000 0 900 1.8000
0 95.uooo -. 0 500 11800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1 7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.'t500 la6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 l20e000U -.6700 le~b:JU
0 125.0000 -.7600 1.3500
0 130.0000 -.8500 1e2250
0 135.0 00 0 -.9300 1a0850
0 140.0000 -. 9800 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000 -.7700 5'750
0 155.0000 -.6700 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300

38
 Table 3. (cont)

0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400

0 175.0000 - -.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250'
10000000.0 NACA 0015 SECTION DATA, EPPLER MODELt CL t co, OEC 78
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0068 -
0 1.oooo .1100 .0068
0 z.oooo .2200 .0069
0 3.0000 3300 .0071
0 4.oooo .4400 .0074
0 - 5.0000 .5500 .0077
0 6.0000 .6600 .0081
0 7.0000 .7700 .0086
0 a.oooo .aaoo .0090
0 9.0000 9900 .0096
0 10.0000 1e1 000 .0103
0 u.oooo 1.1749 .0114
0 120000 1e259L .o 123
0 13.0000 1.3300 .0134
0 14.0000 1.3825 .o 147
0 15.0000 1.4i36 .0161
0 16.0000 14233 .0176
0 17.0000 1.4136 .0194
0 18.0000 1.3897 .0213
0 19.0000 1.3608 .0234
0 20. 0 0 0 0 1.3325 .0257
0 21.0 0 0 0 1.3077 .1770
0 22.0000 1.2767 .3290
0. 23.0000 1.1981 . 3 54 0
0 24.0000 1.1538 .3790
0 25.0000 1.1380 .4050
0 26,0000 1.1374 .4320
0 27.0 000 1.1519 .460 0
0 30.0000 .a 550 5700
0 35 .o 00 0 .9800 7450
0 ftO.OOOO 1.0350 .9200
0 45.0000 1.o5oo 1. 0 750
0 50.0000 1.0200 1.2150
0 55.0 0 0 0 .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 .a 750 1.4 700
0 65.0000 7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.oooo .5000 1. 7 350
0 ao.oooo .3650 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2300 1.8000
0 90.0000 0900 1. 8 00 0
0 95.0000 -.0500 1.7800
0 100.0000 ~ -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 - .3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.4500 1. 6 35 0
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550

39
Table 3. (cont)

0 120.0000 -.6700 1.~650

0 125.0000 -.7600 1e350 0
0 130 .QOOO -.8soo 1.2250
0 135 .o 000 -.9300 1.0850
0 1~0.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000 ~.7700 .5750
0 155.0000 -.6700 .~200
0 .160.0000 -.6350 .3200
] 1.65.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1~00
0 175.0000 -.6600 .ossa
2 180.0000 o.oooo .0250

40
Table 4. Lift and Drag Coefficients for the NAC~- OOlS Airfoil (to4 ::s; Re < 5 x to6)

':Re
(' 10000.0 NACA 0018 SECTION OAT At EPPLER MO\lELt CLt co, JAN 79

cc I ~R; cd
0 o.oooo o.oooo .6385
0 1.0000 -.0045 .0387
0 2.0000 -.015/J .0391
0 3. 00 00 -.0233 .0399
0 tJ.oooo -.0368 .0410.
0 5.0000 -.0577 . 0425
0 6.0000 -.0839 .OIJIJ3
0 7.0000 -.1182 .0463
0 8.oooo -.1501 .0489
0 9.0000 -.158/J .0525
0 10 .oooo -.1423 .0574
0 11.0000 -.1125 .o8oo
0 12.0000 -.0767 .1230
0 14.0000 .0085 .1580
0 16.0000 .1051 .1960
0 18.0000 20.70 .2380
o. 20.0000 3111 .2820
o 22.0000 .4172 3290
0 25.0000 .5775 .4050
0 30 .o 000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0 000 .9800 .7450
0 40.0000 1.0350 .9200
0. 45.0000 1.0500 1.0750
o. 50.0,000 1e0200 1e2150
0 ss.o.ooo .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1e6650
0 75.0000. .5000 0 00 000-MOO"O~-
1. 7 350
0 8o.oooo .3650 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2300 1.8000
0 90.0000 0900 1e8000
0 95.0000 -.0500 1. 7 800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 .110.0000 -.4500 1 . 6350
'0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.4650
0 125.0 00 0 -.7600 1.3500
0 130.0 000 -.8500 12250
0 135.0 000 -.9300 1.0 850
0 .140.0000 -.9800 .. 9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 7550
o 150.0000 -.7700 .. 5750
0 155.0000 -.6700 .4200

41
Table 4. (cont)

0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200

0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
20000.0 NACA 0018 SECTION OAT At :::PPLER HO!lELt CLt co, JAN 79
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0286
0 1.0000 .0607 .0288
0 2.0000 .1135 .0292
0 3.0000 .1550 .0299
0 4.0000 .1788 .0310
0 s.oooo .1788 .0323
0 6.0000 .1582 .0339
0 7.0000 1161 .0358
0 8.oooo .021~ .0376
0 9.0000 --0682 .o 396
0 10.0000 -.lUUj .0630
0 12.0000 -.0602 1230
0 14.0000 .0172 .1580
0 16.0000 .1114. .1960
0 18.0000 2120. .2380
0 20.0000 3151 2820
0 22.0000 .4198 .3290
0 25.0000 .5798 .4050
0 30.0 000 8550 .5700
0 35.0 00 0 .9800 .7~50
0 40.0000 1.03~0 e920U
0 ~5.0000 le0500 t.o 750
0 50.0000 1.0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 . 8750 1.~700
0 65.0000 .7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 5000 1.7350
0 80.0000 .3650 1.780 0
0 85.0000 .2300 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0900 1.8000
0 . 95.0000 -.0500 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.75_00
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.1nnn
0 110.0000 -.4500 1.6350
0 115.0UUU -. 5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.~650
0 125.0000 -.7600 1.3500
0 130.0000 -.8500 12250
0 135.0 00 0 -.9300 10850
0 140 .o 00 0 -.3800. .9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 7550
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750.
0 155.0000 -.6700 .4200

42.
Table 4. (cont)
- - ---
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1~00
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
~oooo.o :..IACA 0018 SECTION DATA, EPPLER MOOELt CLt co, JAN 79
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0214
0 1.oooo 0 936 .0215
0 2.0000 .1833 .0219
0 3. 0 0 00 .2688 .0225
0 4e0000 3~95 .0235
0 5.0000 .4117 .0247
0 6.0000 .4573 .0263
0 7.0000 .4758 .0282
0 s.oooo .4!J28 .0303
0 9.0000 .3544 .0327
0 10.0000 .2108 .0620
0 12.0000 .0139 .1230
0 14.0000 .0489 '.1580
0 16.0000 .1287 .1960
0 18.0000 .2228 .2380
0 20.0000 .3236 .2820
0 22.0000 4265 .3290
0 25.0 00 0 .5840 .~050
0 30 .o 000 .8550 .570 0
0 35.0000 9800 .7~50
0 ~o.oooo 1.0350 .9200
0 45.0 000 1.0500 1.0750
0 50.0000 1.0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 9550 1-3~50
0 60.0000 8750 1.4700 .
0 65.0000 7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1.7350
0 80.0000 .3650 1.7800
0 A!i.OOOO .2300 .1.8000
0 90.0000 .0900 1.8 000
0 95.0000 -.0500 1e7800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.4500 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.4650
0 125.0 00 0 -.7600 1.3500
0 1 30.0 00 0 -.8500 1.2250
0 135.0000 -.9300 leO 850
0 140.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 1~5.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000 --::-ff(fo .5750
0 155.0000 --M
-. 6700
----
.4200

43
Table 4. (cont)

.o 160.0000 -.6350 .3200

0 165~0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
8oooo.o NACA 0018 SECTION DATA, EPPLER MOOELt CL t co, JAN 79
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0162
0 1.0000 .0889 .0163
0 2.0000 .1935 0167
0 3.0000 .2924 .0172
o. 4.0000 .3880 .0181
0 5.0000 41!:>J' .0192
0 6.0000 .5615 .0206
0. 7.0000 .6224 .0223
0 8.oooo .6589 .0242
0 9.0000 .6606 .0261J
0. 10 .o 00 0 .6248 .0288
0 11.0000. .5531 .0315
0 12.0000 .4408 .o8oo
0 1~-0000 .225G 1580
0 16.0000 .2027 .1960
0 18.0000 .2603 .2380
0 20.0000 .3472 2820
0 .22.0 000 .4430 .3290
0 25 .o 000 .5963 .4050
o 30 .o 000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0 000 .9800 . .74!:>0
o. 40.0000 1.0350 .9200
0 45.0000 1.0500 1.0750
Q.. !j00000 10200 1.2150
() ~" 0 0 0 0 ~3550 le3450
0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0. 65.0000 .7600 1e5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1.7350
0 80 .o 000 .3650 l.7'l00
o. 85.0000 .2300 1e8000
0 90.0000 e0900 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.o5oo 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1..7000
0 110.0000 -.4500 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.4650
0 125.0000 -.7600 1.3500
0 130.0 000 -.8500 1. 2250
0 135.0 000 -.9300 1.0850
0 1'10.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 .150.0000 -.7700 .5750

44
Table 4. (cont)

0 155.;0000 -.6700 .4200

0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6800 . .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
160000.0 NACA 0018 SECTION OAT~, C:PPLER MOOELt CLt co, JAN 79
0 o.oooo ' o.oooo .0128
0 1.0000 .1100 .0129
0 2.0000 .2200 .Q131
0 3.0000 .3088 .0137
0 4e0000 4.114 .0144
0 s.oooo .5068 .o1s3
0 6.0000 .5960 .0166
0. 7.0000 .6724 .0181
0 8.oooo .7373 .o 198
0 9.0000 .7781 .0217
0 10.0000 79/t9 .0238
0 11.0000 .7852 .0262
0 12.0000 .7tt88 .0288
0. 13.0000 .6923 .0770
0 14.0000 .6237 .1580
0 16.0000 't896 .1960
0 18.0000 .4202 .2380
0. 20 . 0000 .4382 ..2820
0 22.0 000 .5026 .3290
0 25.0000 .6321 .4050
0 30 .o 000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0000 .9800 .7450
0 40oooo 1.0350 .9200
0 45.0000 le0500 1e0750
0 50.0000 1.0200 1e2150
0 55.0000 .9550 le3450
0 60.0000 . 8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 .7600 1e5750
0-- 70. 0'000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 . 5000 1e7350
0 80.0000 .3650 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2300 18000
0 90.0000 0900 1e8000
0 95.0000 -.0500 -1.7800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500.
0 10.5.0000 -.3200 1e7000
0 110.000Q -.4500 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 le't650
0 125.0000 -.7600 1 350 0
0 130.0000 -.8500 1.2250
0 135.0000 -.9300 10850
0 140.0000
----~
-.9800 .9250
--------.

45
Table 4. (cont)

-0 1'J5.0 00-0 --::;9000 .7550

0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0 155.0000 -~6700 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1't00
0 175.0000 -.6600 . .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
3600 00 .o NACA 0018 SECTION OAT At EPPLER HOOELt CLt COt JAN 79
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0101
0 1.0000 .1100 .0102
0 ?..0000 .2200 .0104
0 3.0 0 00 .3300 .0107
0 4a0000 a't40_0 .0112
0 5.0000 .52/tO .0121
0 6. 0 00 0 .6228 0132 - - . - - . - .
0 7.0000 7100 .. 0145
0 8.oooo .7879 .0159
0 9.0000 .8526 .0176
0 10.0000 .8983 .0194
0 11.0000 .9249 .0213
0 12.0000 .9279 .0235
0 13.0000 .910ft .0259
0 1/t.OOOO .8803 e09't0
0 16.0000 .8007 .1960
0 18.0000 .7319 .2380
0 20.0000 eG997 2820
0 22.0 000 .7050 .3290
0 25.000.0 .7724 . 't 05 0
0 30.0000 .8550 .,5700
0 JJ.OOOO e9800 .7't50
0 tto.oooo 1e0350 .9200
0 't5.0000 1.0500 1.0750
0 50.0000 1e0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 . 7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .sooo 1.7350
0 80.0000 .3650 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2.50U 1.8000
0 90 .. 0000 .0900 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.osoo 1 780 0
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.-'t500 1.6350
0 115.0000 -. 5750 1.555 0
0 120.0 000 -.6700 1.4650
0 125.0000 -.7600 1.3500
0 130.0 000 -.8500 1.2250

46
 Table 4. (cont)

0 135.0000 -.9300 1.0850

0 140.0000 -.3800 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0 155.0000 -.6700 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
.. 0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .ossa
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
700000.0 NACA 0018 SECTION OAT At EPPLER MO!JELt CLt co, JAN 79
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0085
0 1.oooo 1100 .0087
0 2.0000 .2200 .0088
o. 3.00 00 .3300 .0091
0 4.0000 .4400 .0096
0 s.oooo .ssoo .o 102
0 6.0000 .6328 .0112
0 7~0000 .7291 .0123
0 8.oooo .8156 .0136
0 9e0000 .8904 .0150
0 10.0000 .9541 .0166
0 11.0000 .9973 .o 183
0 12.0000 1.02~5 0202
0 13.0000 1.0289 .0223
0 14.0000 1.0175 .0245
0 15.0000 .9938 1020
0 15.0000 .9648 .1960
0 18.0000 .9150 .2.380
0 20.0000 .8877 .2820
0 22.0000 .8867 .3290
0 25.0_000 9326 .4050
0 30.0000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0 000 .9800 .7450
0 .tto.oooo 1e0350 .9200
0 45.0000 1.0500 1.0750
0 so.oooo 1.0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 .7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1.7350
0 80.0000 .3650 1.7800
0 85.0000 2300 1.8ooo
0 90.0000 .0900 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.0500 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.4500 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550

47
Table 4. (cont)

a-r2 o .oc:Hfo ---.;.; ~61 o-o-- 1.4650

0 125.0000 -.7600 1e3500
o 130. o g_oo -.8500 1.2250
0 135.0 000 -.9300 1.0850
0 140.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0 155.0000 -.6700 .4200
0.160.0000. -.6350 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 - .. 6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
1000000.0 NACA 0018 SECTION OAT At EPPLER MOllELt c;., COt JAN 79
0 o.oooo o.oooo . 0082
0 1.0000 .1100 .0082
0 2.0000 2200 0083
0 3.0000 .3300 .0086
0 4.0000 4.4400 .0089
0. s.oooo .5500 .0095
0 6.0000 .6600 0102
0 7.0000 .7362 .0115
0 8.0000 .8256 .0126
0 9.0000 .9067 .0139
0 10.0000 .9751 0154
0 11 . 0000 1.0284 .oi7o
0 12.0000 la0664 018 7.
0 13 . 0000 1.0804 .0206
0 14.0000 1.0793 .0227
0 15.0000 1.0624 .0251 - ~'-.-~- --
0 16.0000 1.0402 .1080
0 18-.0 000 .9959 .2380
0 20.0000 .9707 2820
0 22.0000 .9696 .3290
0 25.0000 1.0107 .4050
0 30.0000 .8550 .5700
0. 35a0 000 .9800 .7450
0 40.0000 1 .. 0350 .9200
0 45.0000 1.o 5oo 1.0750
0 50.0000 1.0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0 &o.oooo .8750 1.4 70 0
0 65.0000 .7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6&50
0 75.0000 .5000 1.7350
0 8o.oooo 3650. 1.7800
0 85.oooo .2300 1e8000
0 90.0000 0 900 1e8000
0 95.0000 -.0500 1.7800
.o 100.0000 -.1850. 1e7500

48
 Table 4. (cont)

~ .. --- .. --
.. o. fos.oooo -.3200. 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.4500 1e6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.4650
o . 125. o oo o -.7600 1.3500
0 130.0 000 -.85oo 1e2250
0 135.0000 -.9300 1.0850
0 140.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 .7550
0.150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0.155.0000 -.6700. .4200
0160.0000 -.63~0 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 1'+00
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
2000000.0 NACA 0018 SECTION DATA, EPPLER MOJELt Clt co, JAN 79
o o.oooo o.oooo .0077
0 1 . 0000 .1100 .0077
0 2.0000 .2200 .0078
0 3.0000 .3300 .ooao
0 ~J.oooo .4400 .008'J
0 5.0000 .5500 ;.0087
0 6.0000 .6600 .0093
0 7.0000 7 'J49 .0101
0
0
8.oooo
9.0000
.8439
.9314
.0111
.0122
0 10.0000 1.0111 .013'J
0 11.00.00 1. 0 772 .0148
0 12.0000 1.1296 .0163
0 13.0000 1.1662 .o 1'79
o 1'+.0000 1.1813 .0197
0 15.0000 le1813 0218
0 16.0000 . 1.1695 .0240
0 17.0000 1.1550 .1200
0 18.0000 1.1383 .2380
0 20.0000 1e1172 .2820
0 22.0000 1.1127 .3290
0 .25 .o 000 1.1468 .4050
0 30.0000. .a55o .5700
0 35.0 00 0 .9800 .7450
0 40.0000 1.0350 .9200
0 45.0000 1.0500 1.0750
0 50.0000 1.0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9550 1e3450
0 60.0000. .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 .7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 '75.0000 .sooo 1.7350
0 8o.oooo -~650. 1. 7 80 0 --------

49
Table 4. (cont)

~ ----
0 85.0000 .2300 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0900 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.0500 . 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.18SO 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.4SOO 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.57SO 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.~650
0 125.0000 -.7600 1.3SOO
0 130.0 000 -.8SOO 1.2250
0 135.0 00 0 -.9300 1.08SO
0 1~0.0000 -.3800 e92SO
0 145.0000 -.9000 .7S50
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5.750
0 1S5.0000 -.6700 .4200
0 160.0000 -.63SO .3200
0 165.0000 ~.GOOO 2300
0 170.0000 -.8SOO 1400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .ossa
1 180.0000 o.oooo e02SO
5000000.0 NACA 0018 SECTION OATAt E~PLER MOOELt CL t C[), JAN 79
0 o.oooo o.oooo 0073
0 1.0000 .1100 0073
0 2.0000 .2200 .0075
0 3.0000 .3300 .0077
0
0
4.0000
s.oooo
.~400
.5SOO
0079
.0083

0 6.0000 .6600 .0087
0 7.0000 .7700 .0093
0 s.oooo .8S38 0100
0 9.0000 .. 9525 .o 10 8
0 10.0000 1.0~04 0117
0 11.0000 1.1211 .0128
0 12.0000 1.1884 . 0140
0 13.0000 1.2430 .0153
9 14.0000 12808 .0168
0 15.0000 1.3004 .0185
d 16.0000 1.3067 .0203
0 17.0000 1.3038 0'223
0 18.0000 1.2960. .02'+4
0 19.0000 1.2853 w1t'f00
0 20. 0 00 0 1. 2768 .2820
0 22.0000 1.2714 .3290
0 25.0000 1.2925 .~050
0 30 .o 000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0 00 0 .9800 .74SO
0 40.0000 1. 0 350 .9200
0 'l5.0000 1. 0 soo 1.0750
0 50.0000 1.0200 12150
0 S5.0000 .9SSO 1.3450

50
Table 4. (cont)

0 60.0000 . ~ 8 750 1.-4700

0 65.0000 7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1.7350
0 80.0000 .3650 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2300 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0900 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.0500 l. 7 80 0
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.4500 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.5.750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1e-4650
0 125.0000 -.7600 1.3500
0 130.0 00 0 -.8500 1.2250
0 135.0000 -.9300 1.0 850
0 140.0000 -.9800 .3250
0 1'+5.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000 -.7700 .s 750
0 155.0000 -.6700 .'+200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 155.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.a5oo .1-400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
2 180.0000 o.oooo .0250

51
 Table 5. Lift-and Drag Coefficients for the NACA- 002l-A.irfoil (104 < Re ~ 5 x 106)

'Re

10000.0 NACA 0021 SECTION OAT At EPPLER MOOEL t CL t COt JAN 79

"
cc ~.i. cd
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0413
0 1.0000 -.0320 .0414
0 2.0000 -.0631 .0420
o .3.0000 -.o854 .0429
:o 4.0000 -.0995 .0441
0 ~.uuuu -1156 .0459
0 6.0000 -.1240 .0480
0 7.0000 -.1400 .0501
0 8.oooo -.1475 .0538
0 9.0000 -.1581 .0575
0 10.0000 -1581 .o 750
0 12.0000 -.1276 .1230
0. 14.0000 .-.0658 .1580
0 16.0000 0123 1960
0 18.0000 .1035 .2380
0 20 .0000 .2006 .2820
0 22.0000 .3002 .3290
0 25.0000 .4539 .4050
0 30.0000 .8550 .5700 ._,,. ______
0 35.0000 .9800 .7450
0 40.0000 le03!:i0 .9200
0 45.0000 1e0500 1e0750
0 50.0000 1.0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 .9750 loo4700
0 65.0000 .7600 1e5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1.7350
0 ao.oooo .3650 1. 7 HUU
0 a5.oooo 2300 1e8000
0 90.0000 .o 900 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.o5oo 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3~00 1.7000
n 11.0.0000 -.4500 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.4650
0 125.0 000 -.7600 1. 350 0
0 130 .o 000 -.8500 1.2250
0 135.0000 -.9300 1.0850
0 140.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 145.0 00 0 -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0 155.0000 .- .6 700 .4200
0 160.0000
., -. 6 350 .3200

52
Table 5. (cont)

0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300

0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 0. 0 00 0 0250
'20000.0 NACA 0021 SECTION DATAt EPPLER MODELt CLt co; JAN 79
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0309
0 1.0000 .0243 .0310
0 2.0000 .0393 .0314
0 3.0 0 00 .0472 .o 321
0 4.0000 0619 .0332
0 5.0000 . 0505 .0345
Q 6.oooo .0475 .0362
i
0 7.0000 .0266 .0382
0 8.oooo .0120 .0407
0 9.0000 -.0190 .0435
0 10.0000 -.0506 .0700
0 12.0.000 -.0113 .1230
0 14.0000 -. 0362 .1580
0 16;.0000 .0331 .1960
0 18.0000 1180 .2380
0 20.0000 .2124 .2820
0 22.0000 .3103 .3290
0 25.0000 .4618 .4050
0 30.0 000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0000 .9800 .7450
0 40.0000. 1. 035'0 .9200
0 45.0000 1.0500 1.0750
0 50.0000 1.0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 .8750 1.470 0
0 65.0000 .7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1.7350
0 80.0000 .3650 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2300 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0'300 1.0000
0 95.0000 -.0500 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -:.4500 1.6 350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0.000 -.6700 1.4650
0 125.0000 -.7600 1.3500
0 130. o ooo -.8500 1.2250
0 135.0 00 0 ~.9300 1.0050
0 140.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0 155.0000 -.6700 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200 . ----- - .

53
54
 Table 5. (cont)

---------
0 165.0000 -.6800 23.00
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
8oooo.o NACA 0021 SECTION OAT At EPPLER MOJELt CL t CJt JAN 19
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0177
0 1.0000 .o 921 .0178
0 2.0000 .1839 .0181
0 3.0000 2731 .0186
0 4.0000 .3564 .o 194
0 s.oooo .4324 .o 204
0 6.0000 .4953 .0217
0 7.0000 .5445 .0233
0 a.oooo 5751 .0252
0 9.0000 .5874 .o 27 3
0 10.0000 .5780 .0297
0 11.0000 .5564 .0700
0 12.0000 .5228 .1230
0 14.0000 .4296 .1580
0 16.0000 .3499 .1960
0 18.0000 3221 .2380
0 20.0000 :3'+75 .2 820
0 22.0000 .4091 .3290
0 25.0000 .5297 .4050
0 30.0000 .a 550 .5700
0 35.0000 3800 .7450
0 40.0000 1. 0 350 .9200
0 45.0000 1.0500 1.0750
0 50.0000 1e0200 12150
0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 8 750 1. 4 70 0
0 65.0000 .7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1.7350
0 8o.oooo .3650 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2300 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0900 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.0500 1. 7 80 0
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
. 0 105.0000 -.3200 I 1e7000
0 110.0000 -.4500 1.635 0
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.4650
0 i25.0000 -.7600 1.3500
0 130.0 0 0 0 -.8500 1.2250
0 135.0000 -.9300 1.0850
0 140.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 t4s.oooo -.3000 .7550
0 150.0000 -. 7700 .5750
... 0 155.0000 -.6700 .4200

55
Table 5. (cont)

0 160.0000 -~6350 .3200

0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0!000 -.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
160000.0 NACA 0021 SECTION DATA, EPPLER MODELt CL t COt JAN 79
0 o.oooo o.oooo .o 139
0 1.oooo .0842 .0140
0. 2.0000 .1879 .0143
0 3e0000 2861 .o 148
0 4.0000 .3800 .0155
0 5.0000 .4687 .o 163
0 6.0000 .5486 .0174
0 7.0000 .6209 .0187
o .8.0000 .6745 .0204
Q ~.oooo .71't8 .0222
0 10.0000 .7374 .0243
0 11.0000 .7443 .0266
0. 12.0000 . 7363 .0292
0 13.0000 .7255 eU860
0 14.0000 .6993 .1580
0 16.0000 .6487 .1960
0 18.0000 .6098 .2380
0 20.0000. .5920 .2820
0 22.0 00 0 .5023 .3290
0 25.0000 .6664 .4050
0 30 .o 000 .8550 .5700
0 35 .o 00 0 .9800 7450
0 40e0000 1 0 350 .9200
0 45.0000 t.osoo 1. 0 75 0
0 so.oooo 1.0200 12150
0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
o. 60.0000 .8750 1e4700
0 65.0000 7600 1.5.750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1.7350
0 8o.oooo .3650 1e7800
0 85.0000 .2300 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0900 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.o5oo 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.4500 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120 .o 000 -.6700 1.4650
0 125 .o 00 0 -.7600 le3500
0 130 .o 000 -.8500 1.2250
0 .135 .o 000 -.3300 1.0850
0 140.0000 -.9800 .9250 ,;
0 145.0000 .-.9000 .7550 . - - - - - - - -- --------
~---

56
 Table 5. (cont)

----- . -- ----- ------ .

0 150.0000 -.7700 5750
0 155.0000 -.6700 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1'+00
o 175.0000 -. 6 600 .ossa
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
360000.0 NACA 0021 SECTION OAT At EPPLER MOOELt CL t COt JAN 19
0 o.oooo 0. 0 000 .0111
0 1.oooo 1100 .0111
0 2.0000 .2200 .0113
0 3.0000 .3024 .0117
0 4.0000 .4044 .0122
0 s.oooo .4998 0129
0 6.0000 .5891 .o 138
0 7.0000 .6728 .0149
0 8.oooo 7434 .0163
0 9.0000 .8026 .0178
0 10.0000 .8500 .0195
0 11.0000 .8779 .0215
0 12.0000 .8938 .0237
0 13.0000 .8973 .0260
0 14.0.000 .8937 .0286
0 15.0000 .8840 .1 040
0 16.0000 .8717 .1960
0 18.0000 .8489 .2380
0 20.0000 8397 .2820.
0 22.0000 .8453 .3290
0 25.0000 .8866 .4050
0 30.0 000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0 00 0 .9800 .7450
0 40.0000 1.0350 .9200
0 '+5.0000 1.0500 1.0750
0 50.00 00 1.0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 a760U 1.5150
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1.7350
0 8o. o ooo .3650 . 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2300 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0900 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.osoo 1e7800
0 100.0000. -.1850 1.7500
0 1 o s .-o oo o -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -e'4500 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.4650
0 125.0 00 0 -.7600 1.3500
0 130.0 000 ---.8500
-
1.2250
--------

57
TableS. (c:ont)

0 135.0 000 -.9300 1.0850

0 1.0.0000 -. 9800 .9250
0 1~5.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
155.0000
0 160.0000
-.6700
-.6350
.4200
.3200
0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .ossa
1 180.0000 o.oooo . 0250
700000.0 NACA 0021 SECTION DATA, EPPLER MOOELt CL t co, JAN 79
0 o.oooo o.oooo .009/J
0 1.0000 1100 .o 094
0 2.0000 .2200 .0096
0 3.0000 3300 .0098
0 IJ.oooo .IJ128 .0103
0 j . 0 00 0 .5l!J6 .(}lQq
0 :;.oooo .&100 .011'1
0 7.oooo .6988 .0126
0 8.oooo .7802 .0138
0 9.0000 R4'H~ .0152
0 10.0000 .9091 .0166
0 11.0000 .95!J3 .0184
0 12.0000 .98!J3 .0202
0 . 13.0000 1.0020 .0223
0 14.0000 10122 0244
0 15.0000 1a0105 .0269
0 tc..oooo 100~6 .0.295
0 17.0000 .9973 .1250
0 18.0000 .9911 .2380
0 20.0000 .9858 .2820
0 22.0000 .9940 3290
0 25.0000 :iUj~Q .4050
0 30.0000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0 00 0 .9800 .7450
0 40.0000 1 0 350 .9200
0 45.0000 1.0~00 1.0750
()- 5().0000 10200 1.2150
0 55.0000 9550 1.345Q
0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 .7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 7~.0000 .sooo l.fj~u
0 8o.oooo .3650 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2300 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0900 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.0500 1. 7 80 0
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.4500 1.6350

58
 Table 5. (cont)

0 115.0000 -.5.750 1.5550

0 120.0000 -.6700 1.4650
0 125.0000 -.7600 1.3500
0 130.0 00 0 -.a soo 1.2250
0 135.0 00 0 -.9300 1.0850
0 140.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0 155.0000 -. 6 700 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .ossa
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
1000000.0 NACA 0021 SECT ION OAT At EPPLER MOJELt c~.., co, JAN 79
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0089
0 1.0000 .1100 .0089
0 2.0000 .2200 .0090
0 3.0000 .3300 .0092
0 tt.oooo . 4400 .0096
0 s.oooo. .5192 .0101
0 s.oooo .6191 .0108
0 7.0000 .7102 0117
0 8.oooo 7939 . 0128
0 9.0000 .8694 .014 0
0 10.0000 9364 .0154
0 11.0000 9862 .0170
0 12.0000 1.0257 .0187
0 13eOOOO 1.0492 .o 206
0 14.0000 1. 0.657 .o 226
a 15.0000 1 0 709 .0248
0 1&.0000 1.0690 .0273
0 17.0000 1.0641 .0300
0 1<3.0000 1.0588 .1350
0 20.0000 1.0554 .2820
0 22.0000 1.06'f'l .3290
0 25.0000 1.1018 ~4050
0 30.0 000 .8550 .5 700
0 35.0 00 0 .9800 .7450
0 40.0000 1.0350 .920 0
0 45.0000 1.0500 1.0750
0 50.0000 1.0200 la2150
0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 .a 750 1.4700
0 65.0000 . 7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1.7350
0 80.0000 .3650 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2300 1. 8 00 0
0 90.0000 .0900 18000

59
Table 5. (cont)

0 95.0000 -.05.00 1. 7 800

0 1 oo .o o-oo -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000
0 110.0000
-.3200
-.4500
1.7000
1e6350
.
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.4650
0 125.0000 -.7600 1.3500
0 130. 0 000 -8500 1a2250
0 135.0000 -.9300 1.0 850
0 140.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0 155..0000 -.6700 .'1200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 el'tOO
0 175.0000 .... 6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
2000000.0 NACA 0021 SECTION OAT At EPPLER MOJELt CLt c!)' . JAN 79
.o o.oooo o.oooo .0082
0 1.0000 .1100 .0083
0. 2.0000 .2200 .008'1
0 3.0000 .3300 0086
0 ~t.oooo .It 'tOO .0089
0 5.0 000 .5500 .0092
0 6.0000 .6268 .0098
0 7.0000 .725'1 a0105
0 s.oooo .8143 .0114
o 9e0000 .8986 .0124
0 10.0000 .9739 .0135
0 11.0000 1 0 390 0148
0 12.0000 1.0906 .0162
0 13.0000 1.1305 .0179
0 14.0000 1.1580 .0196
0 15.0000 117'17 .0215
Q .... Jf. 0 0 0 0 1.1823 .O:::>."~F.
0 17.0000 1.1824 .0260
0 18.0000 1.181'1 .0285
0 19.0000 1el797 1450
0 20.0000 1.1812 .2820
0 220000 1.1893 .329n
0 25.0000 1.2230 e't050
0 30.0 000 .8550 .5 700
0 35.0000 .9800 .1 '150
0 '10.0000 1.0350 .9200
0 '15.0000 1.0500 1.0750
0 50.0000 1.0200 1e2150
0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 8 750 1.'1700
0 65.0000 7600 . 1.5750

60
61
Table 5. (cont)

-
0 45.0000 i .-o5oo 1.0750
0 50.0000 1.0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 7600 1.5750
0 70.0 0 0.0 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .sooo 1.7350
0 80.0000 .3650 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2300 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0900 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.0500 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105e0000 -3200 1 1o:o o
0 110.0000 -.4500 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.:i7GO 1.GGSO
0 120.0000 -. s 700 l-4650
0 125.0000 -.7600 1.3500
0 130 .o 000 -.8500 1.2250
0 135.0 00 0 -.9300 1.0850
0 140.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 14'5.0000 -.9000 .75'50
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0 155.0000 -.6700 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 1'70.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
2 100.0000 o.oooo 0 250

62
 Table 6. Lift and Drag Coefficients for the NACA.:._0025 Airfoil (to4 < Re < 5 x 106)

Re
10000.0 NACA 0025 SECTI.ON DATA, t.PPLER MODEL, CL t co, JAN 79

a c.R.. cd
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0455
0 1.0000 -. 0 434 .o 457
0 2.0000 -.0807 .o 463
0 3.0000 ~-1151 .0474
0 4.0000 -.1403 .0488
0 5. 0 00 0 -.1585 .0508
0 6.0000 -.1723 .0532
0 7.0(}00 -.1799 .0562
0 8.oooo -.1797 .0597
0 9.0000 -.1776 .o 638
0 10.0000 -.1747 .0686
0 11.0000 -.1647 .0820
0 12.0000 -.1512 .1230
0 14.0000 -.1134 .1580
0 16.0000 -.0604 .1960
0 13.0000 .0082 .2380
0 20.0000 .0883 .2820
0 22.0000 .1785 .3290
0 . 25.0 00 0 .3205 .4050
0 30.0000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0000 '3800 .7450
0 40.0000 1.0350 .9200
0 45.0000 1.0500 1.0750
0 50.0000 1.0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9550 le3450
0 60. o o oo .8750 1.4 700
0 65.0000 .7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .. 6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1.7350
0 80.0000 .3650 1. 7 800
0 85.0000 .2300 1.8000
o 90.0000 0 900 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.osoo 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 - .3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.4500 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.4650
0 125.0000 -.7600 l.35GO
0 130.0000 -.3500 1.2250
0 135.0000 -.9300 1.0850
0 140.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0 155.0000 -.6700 .4200.

63
 Table 6. (cont)
,.J

- -------
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1 .. 00
0 175.0000 . -. 6f;OO .0550
1 180.00 00 o.oooo .0250
20000.0 NACA 0025 SECTION OAT At EPPLER MOJELt CLt co, JAN 79
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0341
0 1.0000 -.0223 .0342
0 . 2_.0000 :...0376 .o 346 .
0 3.0000 -.0509- .0354
0 .4.0000 -.0550 .0365
0 5.0000 -.0589 .0379
o 6.0000 -.0650 0 39'7
0 7.0000 -.0690 .0419
0 8e0000 -.0683 .0445
0 9.0000 .-.0653 .O't76
0 10.0000 -.0635 .0511
0 11.0000 -.0607 .o 810
0 12.0000 -.0572 1230
0 14.0000 -.0377 .1580
0 16.0000 -.0027 1960
_o 18.0000 .0512 .2380
0 20 .o 000 1213 .2820
0 22.0000 .2071 .3290
0 25.0000 .3435 .4050
o 30.0 000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0 000 .9800 .7't50
0 40.0000 . 1.0350 .9200
0 45.0000 1.0500 1.0750
0. 50.0000 1.0200 1.2150
.0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 .7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1. 6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1-7350
0. so.oooo .3650 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2300 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0900 le8000
0 95.0000 -.0500 1.7800
0 100.0000 -1850 17500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1. 700 0
0 110.0000 -.4500 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1e4650
0 125.0000 -.7600 1.3500
0 130 .o 000 -.8500 1e2250
0 135.0000 -.9300 1.0 850
0 140.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000.-
-.7700 .5750

64
 Table 6. (cont)

0 155.0000 -.6700 -- --~4"2 0 0 ----

0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 1&5.0000 -.&800 .2300
i
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
40000.0 ~ACA 0025 SECTION DATA, ::PPLER MO~EL CLt co, JAN 79
.0 o.oooo o.oooo .0258
0 1.0000 .0411 .0259
0 2.0000 .0821 e'0263
.0 3. 00 00 .1167 .0269
0 4.0000 1479 .o278
0 5.0000 .1693 .0290
0 6.0000 .1778 .0304
0 7.0000 .1856 .o 322
0 8.oooo .1929 .0343
0 9.0000 .1942 .0367 -~

0 10.0000 .1915 .0396

o. 11.0000 .1889 .0428
0 12.0000 1813 .0850
0 14.0000 .1753 .1580
0 16.0000 .1669 .1960
0 18.0000 .1824 2380
0 20.0000 .2183 .2820
0 22.0 000 2843 .3290
0 25.0 000 .4026 .4050.
0 30.0 000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0000 9800 .7450
0 40.QOOO 1.0350 .9200
0 45.0000 1.0500 1.0750
0 50.0000 1.0200 12150
0 55.0000 955p 1.3450
0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 .7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1. 7 350
0 80.0000 .3650 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2300 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0900 1e8000
0 95.0000 -.0500 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1. 750 0
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.4500 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.00 00 -.6700 1.4650
0 125.0000 -.7600 1.3500
0 130.0 00 0 -.8500 1.2250
0 135.0 000 -.9300 1.0850
0 140.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 145.0000 -9000 .7550
 Table 6. (cont)

0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750

0 155.0000 -. 6 700 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 155.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
80000.0 NACA 0025 SECTION DATA, E:PPLER MODEL t CLt co, JAN 79
0 o.oooo o.oooo .o 197
0 1.oooo .0743 .0198
0 2.0000 .1487 .0201
0 3.0000 .2198 .o 20 7
0 4.0000 .2832 .0214
0 s.oooo .3413 .0224
0 6.0000. .3866 .0236
0 7.0000 .4215 .0250
0 a~oooo .'t503 .0 26A
0 9.0000 .4656 .0288
0 10.0000 .4749 .0311
0 11.0000 '+ 79 7 .o 338
0 12.0000 .4'18~ .u 368
0 13.0000 .4754 .0401
0 14.0000 .4713 .1010
0 16.0000 4588 .1960
0 18.0000 .4522 .2380
0 20.0000 .4547 .2820
0 22.0000 .4826 .3290
0 25.0000 .5574 .4050
0 30 .o 000 .3550 .5 700
0 35.0 co 0 9800 .7450
0 40.0000 1.0350 .9200
0 45.0000 1.0500 1.0750
0 50.0000 1.0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0 50.0000 .8750 1. 4 70 0
() 65.0000 .tr.nn 1.'17'10
0 70.0000 .6300 1.GG50
d 75.0000 .5000 1.7350
0 80.0000 3650 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2300 1.8000
0 90.0000 .0900 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.0500 1 7 00 0
0 100e0000 -1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -. 45.00 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.G700 14650
0 125.0000 -. 7 600 1.3500
0 130.0 000 -.8500 1.2250
0 135.0 00 0 -.9300 1.0850

66
 Table 6. (cont)

0 140~0000 -.9800 - .9250

0 145.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0 155.0000 -.6700 .q.200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 155.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
160000.0 NACA 0025 SECTION OAT At EPPLER MOOElt CLt cot. JAN 79
0 o.oooo 0.0000 .0155
0 1.0000 0875 .0156
0 2e0000 .1745 .0158
0 3.0000 2613 .o 163
0 4.0000 .3400 .0169
0 s.oooo .4170 .0177
0 6.0000 4831 0187
0 7.0000 .5263 .0201
0 8.0000 .5916 .0213
0 9.0000 6271 .0230
0 1o.oooo .6539 .0250
0 11.0000 .6720 .0~72
0 12.0000 .6811 .0296
0 13.0000 .6866 .0324
0 14.0000 .6886 .0355
0 15.0000 .6906 .0389
0 16.0000 6.921 .0426
0 17.0000 .6935 . 0466
0 18.0000 .6945 .0510
0 19.0000 7006 .0558
0 20.0000 .7069 .0610
0 21.0000 .7164 .0668
0 22.0000 .7289 .0730
0 "23.0000 .7421 .0796
""()-- .24.0000 7605 .0870
0 25.0000 .78/tO .094 7
0 26.0 0 0 0 8047 .1029
0 27.0000 .8306 .1117
0 30.0 000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0 00 0 9800 .7450
0 '+0.0000 1.0350 .9200
0 4s.oooo 1.0500 1.0750
0 50.0000 1.0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 8750 1.q.100
0 65.0000 7 600 1.5750
.0 70.0000 .5300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .sooo 1.7350
0 80.0000 .3650 1.7800
u
----.
HS.OOOO 2300 1.8000

67
 .Table 6. (cont)
, ..

0 90.0000 .0900 1.8000

.o 95.0000 -.osoo 1.7800
0 1oo.o~ooo. -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.~sao 1e6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.4650
0 125.0000 -.7600 1.3500
0 130.0000 -.8soo 1e2250
0 135.o ooo -.9300 1.0850
0 .140.0000 -.9~00 9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0 .155.0000 -.6700 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.85oo .1400
0 175.0000 .~.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
3600 00 .o NACA 0025 SECTION DATA, EPPLER HODELt Clt c!) ,. JAN 79
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0121
0 1.0000 .0982 .0122
0 2.0000 .1721 .0125
0 3.0 0 00 .2682 .0129
0 4. 0 0 DO .3608 .0135
0 5.0000 .4495 .01~1
0 6.0000 .5295 .0149
0 7.0000 .6062 .0159
0 8.oooo .6701 0170
0 9.0000 .7256 .0105
0 to.oooo 771J .0200
0 11.0000 .8039 .0219
0 12.0000 .8295 .0239
0 13.0000 .8471 .0261
0 14.0000 .8565 .0286
0 15.0000 e9656 .o 314
0 16.0000 .8742 .0343
D 17.0000 .8821 .0375
0 18.0000 .8890 .O'H1
0 19.0000 .8992 .0448
0 20.0000 9114 .0-489
0. 21.0000 .9216 .0534
0 22.0000 .9381 .0582
0 23.0000 .9529 .0634
0 24.0000 .9121 .0690
0 25.0000 .9907 .0750
0 26.0000 1e0147 .081-4
0 27.0000 1e0396 .0881
0 30.0000 8550 .5700
0 35.0000 .9800 .7450

68
 Table 6. (cont)

-------. '

0 40.0000 1.0350 .9200

0 45.0000 1.0500 1.0750
0 50.0000 1.0200 1.2150
-0 55.0000 .9550 1.3~50
0 60.0000 .8750 1.~700
0 65.0000 .7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1.7350
0 8o.oooo .3650 1.7800
0 85.0000 .2300 1e8000
0 90.0000 .0900 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.0500 1.7800
o1oo.oooo -.1850~ 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.4500 1.6350
0 115.000 0 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 - . 6700 1'.4650
0 125.0000 -.7600 1.3500
0 130.0000 -.8500 .1.j250
0 135 .o 00 0 -.9300 1.0850
0 140.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0 155.0000 -.6700 .4200
.. o 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1~00
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
1 18o;oooo o.oooo .0250
700000.0 NACA 0025 SECTION DATA, EPPLER MOJELt Clt co, JAN 79
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0104
0 1.0000 .0817 .0104
0 2.0000 .1851 .o 105
-0. 3.oooo .2861 .0109
0 ~.oooo .3811 .0113
0. 5.0000 .4743 .0119
0 6.0000 .5627 .0126
0 7.0000 .6~~0 .0134
0 8.oooo 7l94 .0144
0 9.0000 . 7852 .o 156.
0 10.0000 .8405 0170
0 11.0000 8873. .0185
0 12.0000 .9230 .0202
0 13.0000 .9491 .0222
0 14.0000 .9685 .0244
o. 15.0000 .9820 .0267
o 16 .o 000 .9944 . 0292
0. '17.0000 1.0052 .0319
0 18.0000 1.0157 .0349
0 19.0000 1.0276 .o 381 ---- - ---------- --.

69
Table 6. (cont)

a-----2-o o
-~ cfo o 1.0403 ----~o~J i 5
0 21.0000 1.0521 .0453
0 22.0000 1.0678 .0493
0 23.0000 1.0831 .0536
0 24.0000 1.1035 .0583
0 25.0000 1.1223 .0632
0 26.0000 '1.1458 .0685
0 27.0000 1.1704 .0741
0 30.0000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0 000 9800 .7450
0 '40-0000 1 .. 0.350 .9200
0 45.0000 1.0500 1.0750
0 so.oooo 1.0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9550 1e3450
0 60.0000 .a 750 1.4700
0 6,5.0000 .. 7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1.7350
0 80.0000 .3650 1.7800
0 85.0000 .23()0 1.8000
0 90.0000 0900 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.o5oo 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.4500 1.6_350
0 11'50000 - .. 5750 1. 555 0
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.4650
0 125.0000 -.7600 1.3500
0 130.0000 -.8500 1.2250
0 135.0 00 0 .... 9:500 1.0850
0 140.0000 -.'3800 .9250
0 1'+5.0000 -.3000 .7550
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0 155.0000 -.6700 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 165.0000 -.6M00 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 140 0
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo . 0250
1000000.0 NACA 0025 SECTION OAT At EPPLER MOJEL, CLt
o .."-''
co,

JAN 79
0 o.oooo o.ooou 009'/
0 1.0000 .1100 .0098
0 2.0000 .1890 .0098
0 3.0000 .2917 .0101
0 4.0000 .3900 .o 105
0 5.0000 '+844 .0110
0 6.0000 ::>757 .0116
0 7.0000 .6622 .0124
0 a.oooo .7387 0133
0 9.0000 .8117 .0144

70
Table 6. (cont)

0 10.0000 .8710 .0157

() 11.0000 .9228 .0171
0 12.0000 .9656 .0187
0 13.0000 .9960 .0205
0 14.0000 1.0192 .0225
0 15.0000 1.0382 .0246
0 16.0000 1.0522 .0269
0 17.0000 1.0654 .0294
0 18.0000 1.0774 . 0322
0 19.0000 1 0 896 .o 351
0 20.0000 1.1031 .0382
0 21.0000 1.1151 .o 417
0 22.0000 1.1294 .0454
0 23.0000 1.1476 .0493
0 24.0000 1.1645 .0535
0 25.0000 1.1856 .0581
0 26.0000 1.2071 .0629
0 27.0000 1.2317 .o 680
0 30.0 000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0000 .9800 .7450
0 ~+o.oooo 1.0350 .9200
0 45.0000 1.0500 1e0750
0 50.0000 1.0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 .7600 1.5 750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1.7350
0 80.0000 .3650 1.7800
0 85.oooo 2300 1e8000
0 90.0000 .0900 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.o5oo 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.4500 1.6350
0 115.0000 - :HoU 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.4650
0 125.0000 -. 7600 1.3500
0 130.0000 -.8500 1.2250
0 135.0000 -.9300 1.0850
0 140.0000 -.9800 .9250
a 14s.oooo -.9000 .7550
0 150.0000 -.1'100 .5750
0 155.0000 -.6700 .420 0
0 1 so. 0 0 0-0 -.fd!:>U . 3200
0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.8500 .1400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .o 250
2000000.0 NACA 0025 SECTION DATA, EPPLER MOJELt CLt co, JAN 79

71
Table 6. (cont) .

0 o.oooo o.oooo .o 090

0 "
1.0000 .1100 .0090
0 2.0000 .2200 0091
0 3.0000 .2978 .0093
0 ~.oooo .~ooo .0096
0 5.0000. .1+911 .0100
0 6.0000 .5913 0106
0 1.0000 .6810 .0112
0 8.0000 .7664. .0120
0 9.0000 .8415 .0129
0 10.0000 9135 0140
0 11.0000 e'J72.J .0151
0 12.0000 1.0245 .0165
0. 12.0000 1.02.45 .o 165 .
0 13.0000 1e0672 0180
0 l.'+-0000 1. 0 989 .0191
0 15..0000 11258 .(f2Is
0 16.0000 1.1488 .0235
0 17.0000 1.1654 .0257
0 18.0000 1 .. 1806 .0280
0 19.0000 1.1953 .0305
0. 20.0000 1.2094 .0332
0 21.0000 12220 .0362
0 22.0000 1. 2354 .0394
0 23.0000 1.2537 .0428
0 24.0000 1.2683 0 1+65
0 25.0000 12890 .0504
0 2u 0 0 0 0 1.3087 .0545
0 27 .o 000 1.3347 ~0589
0 30.0000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0000 .9800 .7450
0 ~0.0000 1.0350 .9200
0. 45.0000 1.0500 1.0750
0 50.0000 1.0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 .9550 1.3450
0 60.0000 .8750 1 .4 700
0 65.0000 7600 1.5750
0 70.0000 -~300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1.7350
0 ao.ooao -~650 1.7800
0 85.0000 2300 1.9000
0 90.0000 0900 1.8 00 0
0. 95.0000 -.0500 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.4500 1:<>6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 -.6700 1.~650
0 125.0000 -.7600 1.3500
0 130.0 000 -.8500 1e2250

72
 Table 6. (cont)

0 135.0000 -. 9300 1.0 850

0 1~0 .o 000 -.9800 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 .7550
.o 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0 .155.0000 -.6700 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
.. 0 165.0000 -.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.85oo .1400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
1 180.0000 o.oooo .0250
5000000.0 NACA 0025 SECTION OAT At EPPLER MOJELt CL, Cllt JAN 79
0 o.oooo o.oooo .0084
0 1.0000 .1100 .0084
0 2. 0 000 .2200 .0085
0 3.0000 .3300 .0087
0 4 .oo 00 '+078 .0089
0 5.0000 .5097 .0092
0 5.0000 .607:6 .0097
0 7.0000 .6997 .0103
0 8.oooo 7886 .o 110
0 9.0000 .8730 .0117
0 10.0000 .9472 .0126
0 11.0000 le0177 .o 137.
0 12;.0000 1.0750 .01'+8
0 13.0000 1e1270 .0161
0 14.0000 1.1717 .0175
0 15.0000 1e2065 .0190
0 16.0000 1. 2358 .0207
0 17.0000 1.2617 .0225 . d

0 18e0000
- -- - -- .. .. . 1.2790
. .. - - - .0245
. - -- -- - - - --
0 19.0000 1.2952 .o 267
0 20.0000 1.3121 .0290
0 21.0000 1.3257 .0316
0 22.0000 1.3378 .o 344
0 23.0000 1.3558 .0374
0 24.0000 1.3735 .0404
0 25 .o 000 1.3960 .0436
0 26.0000 1.4187 .0470
0 27.0000 le'+395 .0509
0 30 .o 000 .8550 .5700
0 35.0000 .9800 .7450
0 40.0000 1.0350 .9200
0 45 .oooo le0500 leO 750
0 50.0000 1.0200 1.2150
0 55.0000 9550 1.3450
0 e;o.oooo .8750 1.4700
0 65.0000 .7600 1 .5 750
0 70.0000 .6300 1.6650
0 75.0000 .5000 1. 7 350
0 80.0000 . 3650 1.7800

73
Table 6. (cont) .

"
0 85.0000 2300 1.8000
0 90.0000 0 900 1.8000
0 95.0000 -.o5oo 1.7800
0 100.0000 -.1850 1.7500
0 105.0000 -.3200 1.7000
0 110.0000 -.~500 1.6350
0 115.0000 -.5750 1.5550
0 120.0000 ' -. 6 700 1.~650
0 125.0 00 0 -.7600 1.3500
0 130 .o 000 -.8500 1.2250
0 135 .o 00 0 -.9300 1.0850
0 1~0.0000 -.9800 .9250
0 145.0000 -.9000 .7~~0
0 150.0000 -.7700 .5750
0 155.0000 -.6700 .4200
0 160.0000 -.6350 .3200
0 165.0000 .-.6800 .2300
0 170.0000 -.MoOD .1400
0 175.0000 -.6600 .0550
2 180.0000 o.oooo 0250

74
 X=3.0

20 40 60, .100 120, 140 160 180

Rotation Angle, e (deg)
Figure 1. Equatorial Plane Angle of Attack Variation for the 17-Metre Turbine at a Rotational Speed of 46 rpm (4.82 radls)
 X= 0.5

:::>;
-uT"'I
8 8
Q.,;:::l.
~

0 X=3.0
~-

1
0 20 60 100.
Rctation Angle, 9 (de g)

Figure 2. Vari~tion of the Chotd Reynolds Number at the Equat.Jrial Plane of the 17-M.etre TurbirEat a Rotational Speed of 46 rpm (4.82 rad/s)
 ~-------~N~A~C~A~-~0~0~09~Ai~r~fu~il~S~e~c~ti~o~n------------~------=--

1.4

r-- 0 Increasing CL} _ 6

o Decreasing a Re - 0.36 x 10
1-- 1.2
Increasing CL}
~
6
1-- 0 Decreasing CL Re = 0.69 X 10

1.0
~
0

~
~~ _,.._.. t:tl
.::: 0.8
;.:::l
._
...=
o.

u"' 0.6
rl ~ .
jrf
1,.._

~
....
;:

u"'

v
0

0.4 ~

0.2
~~
if
-24 -20 -16 -12 -8 -4 j ~ ~ 12 16 20 24

I Angle of Attack, CL (deg)

~ -0.4

I"
Is- ~ oO""
I~
r.:::. ~ ~
ro-o lac ~
~
...
,
~
j
0.6

-0.8

-1.0

-1.2

1.4

Figur.. 3. SP.ction Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0009 Airfoil_ at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106 and 0.69 x 106

77
 ~~~--~N~A:C:A::0:0:12::All:~fu=il~S=e=ct:io:n~----------------=-
~~~~~-4--~-+--+--+--+--+--+1.4~~~--4-~--+--+--+--+--+-~--r--r-1

~~~~~-4--4--+--+--+--+--+--+1.2~~~--4-~--+--+--+--+--+-~--r--r-1

~~~~~~--~-4--+--+--+--+--+ ::r--~~r--~-r~~+-~--4--+--+--+--+-~
~-+-----+-+---+--+--+-+--+---+--+ ~+-+-+-+--+---+-+-+-+-+--+--+---1
02

-24 -20 -16 -12 -8 4 I o 4 8 12 16 20 24

~-+--T-~--1---~-+--+-~--;-~r--t~-+--+-~--~-An-r~-e_orfA__ttra~_-k_,,a_c_u~~g~)~r--r--~-+~

~ ~~:::-+--+----==--==
~ ~ _[-l1-t----+--; -0.81-----1--+-+--+--+--+--+--+--+---+--+----+---~
1---1--+-+--+- (),
\-~~ -+-f--~-+-1.01--+------+--+--+--1-4-~--+--+--~-+--+--1
._-+-f--+-+--+-=+--+-+--+-+--+-+--+-+--+--+--l-1--+-+--+-+--+-+----1
~-~~--+-~-4--+--+--+--t--+--+-1.21-+-lf-+-l-+--+--+--+--t--+--+--+--1

1-+-1---+-f--+-+-4--1--+-+-- .. .... . ......... -~-+----11--+=-ll--+-~-r-+-- ........ ----

l----r-l----+-+--+-+--+-+--+-+--+-1.41----+-f--+-+--+-+--+-+--+-+--+-+---l

Figure 4. Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of O.:lli x 106 ann 0.70 ~ 106

78
 ~-------~N~A~C=A~-~0=01~2~All:~~~ol~l~Se~c~ti~on~---------------==-

1.
I -
0

D.

0
Increasing CL} _
0 Decreasing CL Re- 0.86 x 10

Increasing CL} _
6

Decreasing CL Re - 1. 7 6 x 10
6
1.2
te\
~w
1.0
ol
<..)

[1/ ~~
[\ I\
~
V-~
~1\~ ~ ~
.::::"
0.8

/-
;.J
......
0
-;: ~r
-~
<..)
0.6

7
<:::
'-
8
u

-v
0.4

0.2

-20 -16 -12 -8 -4

I 4 8 . 12 16 20 24 28

~ Angle of Attack, CL (deg)

v- -0.4

-a.-_Oo
J
~~ -0.6

-"''\!~ .
-f-~ol' --"- . . -V. ~- ~-~ --0.8

'\>, \
I -

~~
\ -1.0

-1.2
~

-1.4

Figurt> S. S~ction l.ift Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.86 x 106 a~d 1.76 x 106

79
 .
1.4

~- '
_(l
r- o Increasing a} _ 6 1.2
f--o Decreasing a Re- 0.36 x 10 ~., 1"\
r- A Increasing a}
Decreasing a Re- 0:70 x 10
_ 6 _ t--':
~

1.0 J. ~,
Ll
.:::
~
~ \0 ~ \
.....
leY"' ~
=
0
....
Q)
o
0.8
J
~ t:=l
~~~ ~"
.. ' ......... I'Y
I'"
!,;:
......
0
Q)
0.6 II
u
l'
0.4 11
~
0.2 I
~
-2 4 -20 -16 -12 -8 -4 Jo -4 8 12 16 20 24
~ Angle of Attack, a(deg)

,_J -0.4
~ - . -

'"" IB " ivf 0.6

~~
-! I N P'

w"
~ h
rx
I
~\ -0.8
~ ...
~~ ~ -1.0
I
I 'd"
'l:rl)
~ 1.2
-"' .... - --
-1.4

Figure b. Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0012H Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106 and 0.70 x 106

80
 C NACA-0015 Airfoil Section

---..:----~

.
'
I.
0
Increasing a }Re = 0.36 X .I o6
f--- 0 Decreasing a
f--- A Increasing a}Re = 0.68 x 106 . 1.2

~\
0 Decreasing a
01

\lct
~
<.)

.:::"
;:I
1.0 - \ \
0 \
....0 \ \
+"'
c::
u"'
s
0.8
\ -,~
Q\~ \i-o.l w-
~
u"'
0 "'0f ~

0.6

0.4 r--
~ '

~24 -20 -16 -12 -8 -4

0.2
rl
0 4 8 12 16 20 24

lfl Angle of Attack, a (de g)

~ -0.4

~~tf
-f--- :o.6

~~-~-~
I . ' ' . ~0.8

:I.o
'>..o~~

~1.2

~I.

Figure 7. Section Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0015 Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106 and 0.6S x 106
'

. ill
 ...
1:::
.~
u
su
0 NACA-0012
u

-
Angle of Attack, a (deg)

Figure 8. Section Lift Coefficients for Four Airfoil Sections at an Approximate Reynolds Number of 0.70 x 106

82
 1.2
~b~
"' .....
1.0 ~ ~
0
~ ~
0.8 I-- - ~- ~
~~a. '""'
-~ NACA-0009 Airfoil Section

0.6 I~
IJ
!;)'
~ lRe =I0.36I xI106t 0
1\ Re = 0.50 x 106
0.4 ~ Re = 0.69 x 106 "'
~ 'l
....
~\~
~ I \
....l 0.2
....0

= 0.0
.2
<>
<;::
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90\ 100 110 120 130 140 ISO 160 170 180
....
3"' -0. 2
~ ~-
"g J

-0.4
\IJ I
f\ I
II
-0. 6. ~ 'i~- ,...._
I
'~ r- D. I
-0. '\~~Q Af 'oJ
~-
1(

-1. 0 ~-1
I 'ioTr
-1. 2
\
Angle of Attack, a (deg)

Figure 9. Full Range. Sect.on. Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0009 Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers o..f 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106, and 0.69 x 106

00
w
 ~
(,)

....
._
j 0. 2
._
0
....c:: o-
.,
;:; 0.0 10 30 40 50 60 70 m:w no 140 150 160 170
<;:;
._., 20 80 1~
0
. l
u .Q. 2
I
-0.41-+-+--+-+--+--+-+-+-1-+--+-+--:llr--1-+-+-+--t--t---t--\ ~+-+--!i--t-f-1-t-+-+--+--t---t---t-t-t-lr----t
I
I
-0.6l-+-+-+-+-t-+--+--+-+-l-+--t--+-+-l-t--t--+--+--+-t-+~_.....,o~i'\ I

~ /
fr- ~;!."\ /,
tJ.....' ~w~~ rj,'
-l.Ct--t--+--+--f-t--t--f--t--t-1--t--t--+-+-l-t--t--+--+--t-t--t--+-t---t---lt-- -tr.""
R"- F {!,

I I

Figu~e 10. Full Range Section Lift Coefficients ior the NACA-0012 Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers ofi 0.36 x 10, 0.50 x 106, and 0.70 x 106
 I I_ I I I 6 1 I
1.2
r~ .l o Re .- 0.36 x 10
o Re = 0.49 x 1 0 6
N ACA-00 12H Airfoil Section

- -, r;) ~o~rk
4 6 Re = 0.70 x 106
1.0 c-ol---=-
lj
l
~ . 0 ~
o.8 fo \
~-
il Jf ~
0.6
I--
w IS.

~
I

0.4 I
~
I ~
(.)

.... f \~ J
..... 0.2
....~0 If "\
....s:: 0.0
~ f\ j
10 40
~0
20 30 50 60 70 80 90 110 120 130 140 150 "160 .170 180
.2
(.)

....
i;::
Cl) . -0.2 I
u
0
f\ I
~
. -0.4

-0.6 ';, ~0
;

il-.
~0 B\ II
'

-0.8 ~
~ ,/ ~
-1.0
~0 l!.

. I I I
-1.2
Angle of Attack, ex (deg)

Figure 11. Full Range Soction Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0012H Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.49 x 106, and 0.70 x 106

00
Vo
00
0\

1 .I
1.2 I

~~ oRe= 0.36x 106 NACA-0015 Airfoil Section

r-~116
Ab~'
Re = 0.50 x 106
:::J

1.0 r--: 6 Re = 0.68 x 106

r-- t-/ Li.~ ~:

~~ Po
I' ~
,,!1 .
I I .{!
0.8
~ I
lp' ~
1~w ~
t'
0.6
I
r-
0.4 1\
~
col
u l
o-
.:::
;:3 0.2 ~ I ~
1
"
'- _Q_.
...s::
0

., 0~ ~
c::; 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 ~ 100 110 120 i30 140 150 160 170 180
E
.,

~-~
0
0.2
'?
u

-0.4
:
,

-0.6
~R u-
,,'
,

-0.8
'~'c
'{ ~ 6"'J:
-1.0
.,lJvY-- '!!\
:.6

-1.2
Angle of Attack, ex (de g)

Fi@.ure 12. Full Range 3ection Lift Coefficients for the NACA-0015 Airfoil at Reynclds Number:; cf 0.36 x 1[)6, 0.5) x 106, and 0.68 x 106
 0.032
~

0
0.028

0.024

"
~
0 0
0.020
0
"0
(.)
!
"E
"'
c::;
t.;:
'-
0.016 ~ 0
u"'
0
0
0.0

0"' 0
d
0.012 ~
~
0
0 0
6 NACA-0009 0 ~
0.008 ~ 0 Re = 0.36 x 1J
Airfoil Section 0
~
1--- 0 Re = 0.50 x 10 6 g- 0 ~

0.004 ~ ~ Re=0.69x 106

\

0.0
16 12 8 4 0 4. 8 12 16 20
Angle of Attack, ex (deg)

Figure 13. Section Dra3 Coefficients for the NACA-0009 Airfoil at Small Angles of Attack and Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106,0.50 x 106, and
0.69 X 106
00
00

0.032
i
1:1
0
0.028
DB
0 A
I
~
! ~
0.024 0

u
"0 ~ 1:1
0
0.020 0
c... 0
c::;
<.::: 0
.,0
'- 0 fl
u.,. 0.016
"'... H 0
Q
fl
0 0
0.012
0 0
6.
P:i
0
0.008 f--ORe= 0.36x 10=
NACA-0012 fj_ 0 - 0
Airfoil Secti JD [j
fl
1--- D Re = 0.50x 1C 6

6
0.004 1--- U. Re = 0.70 x 1C

0.0
-16 -12 .g: -4 0 4 8 12 16 20
Angle of Attack, CL (de g)

Figu1e 14. 5ection Drag Coefficients for the MACA-0012 Airfcil at S~all Angles of Attack and Reynold Numbers of 0.31i x 106, 0.50 x 106, and
0.70:: 106
 0.032

0
O.Q2~

~D
0
I
0.024
~lo
D '
~ 0
Jl 0.02('
01 0
~,
c
n"'
s
e 0 0
R~
"'0
u 0.01E
I o-R
D
?Jl ~ I D
0 0 " D~
ID Q
~

0.012 I
~
~
0 0
H D
O.OOE ~ 00.86x 106 NACA- 0012
Airfoil Section -~
~~~
;

f.-- D 1.36 X !06

00

'
0.004.1--- ~ 1.76 z 10
6
'
I

0.0
-16 -12 -8 . -4 0 4 8 12 ' 16 20
Angle of Attack, a C?eg)

Figure ts Section Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil at Small Angles o,f Attack and Reynolds Numbers of 0.86 x 106, 1.36 x 106, and
1.76 X _106
\0
0

0.032

0.028

8
0
0.024
()
0 0 /).

-c
o 0 0
0.020 6. lA
p
=
.~
0
u 0 6.
._
t.:::
~ 0 6.
u"'
0
b.()
.0
..."' 0.016 0
0 0
0 ~
I 1::!.
0
0.012
0 0 - 6.
0
~
6.
0.008 ~ ORe= 0.36 ~ 10 6 NACA- o)12H
~ 8 H
Airfoil Section
1---- D Re = 0.49 x 106
I

,
0.004 ~ 6. Re = 0.. 70 ~ 106
;

0.0
-16 -12 0 4 8 12 16 20
Angle of Atta:k, a(deg)

Fig<ITe lli. Section Dra:~ Coefficients for the NACA-0012H J!.irfoil at Small Angles of Attack and. R.;,ynolds N'l:.nbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.49 x 106,
and 0.70 .x 106
 ~

0.032
~0
lo
D.
0.028
D. 0
./).
0 tJ

0.024
0
0 ~H
0
D. A
IL-l"
0 0
"0 !
u
0.020 0
cOJ
D. 0 D.
u
!;:
0
'-
OJ
0 0
u
bll 0.0.16 D.
"'
....
0 0 0
In
D.
0.012 0 A
0
0
D.- 0 0
0 0 0
NACA- 0015
0.008 I - - 0 Re = 0.36 x 10 6 D.- o- 0
Airfoil Section
b. I~
D.
:~.
~ 0Re=0.50x 106

0.(04 I - - D. Re = 0.68 x 106

).0
20 16 12 8 4 0 4 8 12 16 20
Angle of Attack a (deg)

Figure 17. Section Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0015 Airfoil at Small Angles of Attack and Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106, and
0.68 X 106 1
\0
1\.)

2.2

Re = 0.36 x 106 NACA-0:09 Airfoil Section

2.0 1-- 0 '
o Re = 0.50 x 106
/'

f--

~
6Re=0.70x106 0
H 0
1.8 0 6 0
0 6 0
6 0
0 R
~
6.

"0
1.6
8-
ll
I
0
e~
u
0
o.O 1.4 R I
...
<U
0
._
....c0 1.2
t}
a
C1)

"(J
._
;:::: ~
C1)
1.0 ~
0
u ~
136
0.8
8 ~
e
'0.6
8e ~ .
6
0.4 li
I
e
~e 0

J~
0.2 6
I e
0 I ~ "
]0 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180
Angle of Attack, a (deg)

Figure lB. Full Rang~ Seo:tion Drag Coeff:cients for the NACA-0009 Airfoil at Reynolds rJumbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106, and 0.69 x 106


2.2

NACA-0012 Airfoil Section

2.0
f--
a Re =0.36 x 106
o Re =0.50 x, 106 /!, 0

1.8 ~ !!. Re =0.69 x 106 0 8 8 0
g
fi ~
a e
0 /!, /

0
1.6 /!,
A
0 0 0
~
0
/!, ~
":)
(.;
1.4 /!,
0
g
o3
~
/!,
c"'' 1.2
....
0
0 0
'+-
c
+-'
s::
g 0
I
~
Q.l
-~
c:; 0
ECl.l 1.0
0 ()
c 8
0
c.;
0.8
0 B I

fl
0.6 e ~ g
0
0
0.4 i"i
6
0
(}0
B
n
~
0.2
Q

0 -~
0
II'Tln 1::1 ~ ,
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180
Angle of Attack, a (deg)

6
Figure 19. Full Range Section Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106 , and 0.70 x 10
 2.2

I I I I I
2.0 I - - o Re = 0.36 x J-)6
NACA-0012H Airfoil Se.:.tion
f--

1.8 f--
0 Re =0.49 X 106
t:. Re = 0:70 X: 106 .
p .d
~
~
~
~
s ~
o. ~
loo
~ ~ b
1.6 p f.'
t:J ~
p
~ Q
J' 1.4
0.0 ~ ~ ~

0"' ~ ~
'0 1.2
~ ~
p

~0
~
g
0.8 fj
~ '
ll
iI ~
0.6
l'l I
I
~
0.4
~& I

k>B
0.2 g
I.A ~
I
~16; p
0 Inn
10 20 30 40, 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180
Angle of Attack, CL (deg)

Figure 20. Full Range Section Drag Coefficients far the NACA-0012H Airfoil at Rey::1.0lds Num,ers of 0.36 x 105, 0.49 x 106, and 0.70 x 106
 2.2

NACA-0015 Airfoil Section

2.0 t---~ I
.
I I I

oRe =.0:36 x.1o 6

o Re = 050 x 106
.&
1.8 I- ~ Re =.
. 0 .68 :<.10
. 6 o- o_f'_o_ ~

I I
fl-
'
g o e 8. 8
~
a
g
1.6
I g 0
0 0
I
o-o
4

I H ~-&
0 0
1.4
'
~ &
"0
I 0
0

oO 1.2
R
0
~
"'
Q '
._ 0
a
...c::
0
1.0 e
11)
n DO e
811)
go
0
u 0.8
e ~
I @ '
0.6 e ' e
e
8 o
0.4 fi
D 0
a~ ~

0.2 c 0

it A
0 m I no bm~
~ - p 'A
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150. 160 170 180
Angle of Attack, a (deg)

Figure 21. Full Range Section Drag Coefficients for the NACA-0015 Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106,
and 0.68 x 106
 ~~--~~~--+--1--1-~~~~~--+-~
< Increasing a
Decreasing a

0 I(]
0
0
0
0 4 8 0 12 16 24

0
0
0 0
0 0 0 v 0 IU 0
0 0

CJ I
.1l o~--
0
l---+--+--~"--f.0 8 Re =0.50 x 106
g
~I ~-0~-4--+-~-4~+--+~r--t--+--r-'~-+--1
18 I~
0 0
0 lr. IJ:!
-24 -20 -16 -12 -8o -4 0 4 8 12 16 20 24
0
0
1---+-+-+-+--+--+-t-t-+--i- -0.041--+--+----!-+---t=-,.,t-
._.----i-+--t--+---1;--t--t

1--+--+--+--+-t--+--t--+-=~+---J-o
i
.0,08 1-=...j-.-+-1--
- ... -.. 0 ~~g 0 0 . 8 I~
O In In - 1 0
0

0
u
0
0 0
........_+---1--+-"""""-"""'""""-h!--t--1;;-""':L-tg._ 1... 1.,. n o __ _
-i4 -20 -16 -12 1~ c ao -4 1u 4~ 8 c 12 16 20 24
-- - ... -t--4-"1"""'=1----t--r---T---i
u-f--t---t--i--+-f-~--j
-0.04.1--+-1--+--+----llfu-
_l

---- --+---+-=il=--,-\=--1---+-
J b< 8 g ~
-o.os - -+--+-+~1=-+---fl",Cl-f'--to--t.::srlo;:;--1
1,.,
..1 0 0 0

1--+-+--+--1--+---+~-t--+-+- c\. 121--+-+-+-+-+-+--l-t--+-+-+--t---i

I
Angle of Attack, a (deg)
Figure 22. NACA-0009 Airfoil Section Moment Coefficients About the Quarter Chord for Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106,
0.50 x 106, and 0.69 x 106

96
 I
NACA-0012 Airfoil Section0 1nc;easing a
1

jU ~.12 _ 6 I I I I - f--
Re- 0.36 x 10 Decreasing a f--
10 ,-.. ' I
0
~
0
n
Oo ~-
'-'
0.08
In In D
E: I
a 0 I
0 0.04
a ~

0
0 ~
,, -2 4 -20 -16 -12 In -8a ro _4-a\. In 0 4 a 8 12 16 20 24
0 00 IU
-0.04
I 0~
I
o (J
-0.08 In In 01
IU 10

___....._
0
I 0
r-::._
u

-
1J 0
0
u u 0 I

-e Re- 0.50 x 106

0 ,-..
0
"<t f.- 0.08
o 0 o 0
'-'
I
o
0 0.04 ,.,
<JI
0 ~
0 0
0 0 0
I~ 0 0
24 -20 o _o -4v 0
-16 -12
no 0 8 0 4o 8 12 16 20 24
00 IV

-0.04 Do
I ;= 0
I I" a IU. 0
8 0
lo

- -0.08

-
IV
t.:.- I
-,..._ 0

9
g I I 1 T-..... -......_._
---r--.;,........~
Jt:l I Re = 0.70 x 106
9 II?. o ,-..~ 0.08
.::!:_ I
~
E:l . I
'"' 0 ~ 0.04
i n
St!
0

-24 -20 -16

0
0
-
-12 lo -88 rcr_4g [l:l
A
4
0 ,fl
8 12 16 20 24
u
g gi:J .
-0.04 jU 8
I IR, o u
I 0 0
0
I!J 8 In_
-0.08
I

Angle of Attack, a (deg)

Figure 23. NACA-00112 Airfoil Section Moment Coefficients About the Quarter Chord for Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106,
0.50 x 106, and 0.70 x 106 .

97
 I NACA-0012 Airfoil Section
0.12 --
I I I 1. o Increasing a
p PoP ~+
~-
0.08
f- Re = 0.86 x 10 f-
f-
p 0 \ Decreasing a
0
e 1 o

I
0.04
0
up g1f ~
b b
-20 -16 ,:,1~ 0 p -=-E!3 -4~ ;f p 4 ~ 8 12 "]
16 20 24 28
u
o:JO
-0.04
I u
I -
-~
, ,. ..,, . ~
-0.08 pv b

--
I n
fJ p

---- -
r---._ b
p p
p b
p V

..
Po ..
I I
U.U!l Ke - l..Hi x JU 6
I I I
"'""' - -
.P
-----""" I

J..,

b
J:- 1
o .o4
'

b 0 ~ a ~ ~
I"' -~!=f
-20 -16 cnBf;l -8 4 8 12 16 20 24 28

0
-0.04
0
I
I h ... b
. -0.08 I-- - ---
::::: ....... [J ~
[J 9

-
""' ~ p ,_
.........
p b
p IU
. 1 I
-~::..-~ ....,._b
ci.os Re = L76 x 10
---
.::t
~
I
PA I
OE- 0.04
n n
Beo-
c IR 6 ~

-20 -16 0"' -12

~a )l -~ 8 J3 16 fU 4 8.
-
12 16 20 24 28

-0.0
I ob
v
b

~ I-- - - .b.uu .. -
~ .,
-
IJ
p
I 0 0

~ 1-- .6.12 In ~
I b
Angle of Attack, a (de g) 0 0

Figure 24. NACA-0012 Airfoil Section Moment Coefficlents About the Quarter Chord for Reynolds Numbers of 0.86 x 106 ,
1.36 x 106, and 1.76 x 106

98
 6.12
NACA-0012H Airfoil Section I I I I I
1 o Increasing a -
I -
Re = 0.36 x 106 o Decreasing a -
0 0
0 J
-e
0
0 ~ -0.08
0
lg o,... n ~ I
00 coo I
' 0
f- 0.04 0
0

0 n
I~
24 -20 -16 -12 -So 0-40
0 40 0 8 12 16 20 24
Ia_
oco 0
-O.OA
I
'
Jos
I
0
oooo
IU
0
0
0
0 In
~.._ 0
0
0
0 0 0 r-r:::~ I I I I
0 ......._
-
0 0
~ t-0.08 Re 0.49 X 106
!u Oo 0
'-' I
--
I0s I
goo
~ t- 0.04 10
1..
0 0 0
0
In 0 In
24 -20 -16 -12 0
o .go -4 4 12 16 20 24
olo
0 0
-0.04 lo lo_

1A ~ I~
8
lA
I 10 I()
-0.08

I~
8 0
--
I

I
I

-Re-0.70x 106 -
~
-s
0 I~ ,-... f- 0.08
uoo ~
n 0 I
'-'
I
0 -0.04
0
n
st5 00

,o
.A 8 lA
24 -20 -16 -12 -80 . B -4n g 4 8 12 0
,... 16 20 24
0
lt:l 0
n n 0 C 0
u -0.04 0
I
I ~o
0 0
-0.08
0 B
-- ... -- --- .
Angle of Attack, a (deg)

Figure 25. NACA-0012H Airfoil Section Moment Coefficients About the Quarter Chord for Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106 ,
0.49 x 106, and 0.70 x 106

0
99
 I NACA-0015 Airfoil Section o Increasing a
D
" J'i.12
.I I I I
I
Rt: = 0.36 X 106 - r-- D Uecreasing a
10 ~ I
~ -0.08 ,o
8 lg
0
0 u
e I
oo 0

lu 0 IV
].04 0
0
0 0 D
0 0 0 0 D
0
D In
24 -20 -16 luo-12 IU -4 4 12 u 16 20 24
-8o D D 8
a
D D D D 0 0
In 0 0
c -~.04
D oD I~

I D D
D

-
... _Q_
?-08

~,...., -~ ..
.... . - ...
~

._ -r--
I -- ..l.
IR J I
~ -0.08
.
Re = 0 50 x 10
6
- . .. ... ....... ---
~-
---
0
0 0 ~I
I~ 0
D D
Do u
e I
00
. 0.04 0 I[)
0 0
. ,... ...- "~ ., ..

0 0
0 In
0 ,c 0
0 Q D D
In
24 -20 -16 0 -~}o I D 040 4 8 12 n 16 20 24
.. D
D '
-~.04
In lo o 0 0
"" I D 0 0 0

-y.os 0 IU
D
..__....._._ ID
~r-.
11"1
I~
---
u
0 n
0
-. ~-- ..
"T"'---
I
--eTf.OO
~
~
I I
- _L--

.. J.?.e"' o.va x 10
, - -
6
-- .... - ~- - o-M
~--:::::::

D
0
I o.o 0
o8
1'0
UD p
.- 8
0 \j 0
Cl ........ .._. ....... ,., __
..
.gl:/ 1.!-
-24 20 16"' -12 -46 4 !! 12 16 00 20 24
0 n
u
lo tl 8
'1.04 I~ IV
""'. ~- - .... .......
lo In lrb- ....._
I .......
D
I,..
~.08 ---
.

Angle of Attack, a (deg)

Figure 26,. NAC:A-0015 ~irfnil s~~tion Moment Coefficients About th" Quarter Chord for Keynolds Numbers ol 0.36 x 106,
0.50 X lOb, and 0.68 X 10 '

100
 0.3
.t
o Re-0.36x10~ NACA-0009 Airfoil SeCtion
0.2 o Re =0.50 x 10
6. Re- 0.69 x 106

0. 1

A ID
0.0 ....- -v1~
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180
.f _of-- 0 ~-
,_... ~o. 1
Ha c
f-'

fl
-
.-.t
~
6. D
e oo
00
1--o
g 0
u._
5
~o.2 D 6. . h--+-6.
......
s::
6.
6.
D D
6. r c o
D D 0
c 10 D 0 6.
Cl)
o 0 0 6.
a a
~ ~o. 3
0
b 6.
6.
i H I 6.
t
D B
l!l
S-o-1--g- I - -
u D
D
6. 0
0 l!l
......
s:: 6. 0 ~ :6. 0
Cl)

s0 0 & D I 8 H
~o. 4
0
D
6. .l I
6.
::?J Ha-A Q
D I T
~o. 5 o-o n 0 I
D
I
~
D 0
0
0
~o. 6 o-o

~o. 7

Angle of Attack, a (deg)

Figure 27. Full Range Section Moment Coefficients About the.Quarter Chord for the NACA-0009 Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106,
0 ..50 x 106, and 0.69 x 106 . .
-
0
N

0. 3
I I I I 1
6
I I
? Re = 0.36 x 106 NACA-0012 Airfoil Seeton !

0. 2 o Re=O.SOx 10
1:,. Re = 0. 70 x 106

0 .1
o-
~ 0
0.0 ... In
10
10f 20 30 40 50 60 70 8( 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 1son-
ln'-H
~
~ -0 .1
0
@~0 .-)
I o 6
~-~ff-
(,)::;
.....
~ /
p
~ -0. 2 .c.8 .c.
u o,c.D o o
E
i
f--.. 0 a 0 li
Cl)
c
-0 .3i
0
HQ 8
.c. I 6
}, .c. 8 b
-
u
1:::
CD ~
0
l..&

~ _I . B p
.c.-f _H_I_I I0
!:>. 0 .c.
I ~
fii
0
c.

E
~ -0..'I
~ h ~ 0 ~ ei
c D-o
0
I
0
F
0 0 r-0-~~8-
I B I
.c.
.
-0. 5
.c.
~- 1-- bh i -,
!:>.
0
I0 .c.
-0. 6
0
'
i
-0. 7 '

Angle of Attack, a (de g)

Figure 28 Full RangE Sectio:t Moment Coefficients A'ot:t the Qwrter Chord for the NACA-0012 Airfoil at R.eyno!C.s Numbers of 0.36 x 106,
C.SO x 10 6, and 0.70 ::: 106
 0.3 I
oRe =0.36 x 106 NACA-0012H Airfoil Section
o Re =0.49 x 106 -
0.2 6
.t:. Re =0. 70 x 10 .

0.1

~ L
A-
0.0 ..B. Ln. _Q

10 0 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180

0 n ~ 1
~-
,-...
'<t B
-~ -0. 1 L:. ()0
Ei ~ b
L:. 0
0
.._; H 8 0
t:: -0.2 H~.t:. o 0 L:.
-~
0
0 0
0 L:.
80

8..... -0. 3
0
L:. 0
0
0
L:.
4
0
L:.
8 f L:. 1:::.
0 fj }_ r- R- f - -
t::
v 0
0 b n 0
F I
0 L:.
0 R
0 0
E
~ -0.4 0
L:.
o---h--o
H 0 H R R
L:.
0
0
I o 0 b !-H-a-s0
0
L:. 0

-0. 5 F
L:.
I h 0
L:.
0

0
0
0
-0. 6 ..

-0. 7

Angle of Attack, a. (deg)

Figure 2!t.Full Range Section M-:>ment Coefficients About the Quarter Chord for the NACA-0012H Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106,
0.49 x 1c/>, and 0.70 x 106 .

-
0
w
.....
0
~

0.3 i

I o Re =0.36 x 106 NACA-0015 Airfoil Section

o Re =0.50 x 106
0.2 .o. Re = 0.68 x 106

0. 1
10

-
0.0
ij;l I~ ~ ~ ... 0

10 0 30 40 50 60 70 .so 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180
tl
0 ~
-0. i
b b o Io
o-r-o .
'/::;.

.o. gol
-
~
-3
.J~ -0.2
-o-H
.o.f I
oo
l..-8 0
~
.t:.o
H-o
p ! I 0
b
I f .0. I
c _.__.o. -f--o
0
1
b 0
B 8_ f--~- f - -
-0.3
~-b r I
0-
a 0
b l .0.
T .o. h ?c. b-o-e-@-oh
-0.4 0---'..o.-r-~---.0. '
a
~ ~
:
c
0
T
.0.
.o.-1---e-.o.
0
I
' 0
i I
8 h 0
-0. 5
0 0 ~ h .0.
b
b ~ .0.
0
~
I I
I
I 0
-0.6 0

. I
I
I
0

-0.7

'
I

Angle of Attack, o (deg)

Figure 30. Full Range Sectior. Moment Coeffk:.ente. About th~ Quarter Chord for a NACA-0015 Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106,
0.50 x 106, and 0.68 x 106
 0.32

N ACA-00 12 Airfoil Section

0.28
o Re = 0.36 x 106
0.24 o Re =0.50 x 106
6 Re = 0. 70 x 10
6

(.20

(( p
~~
. 0.16 1-- 0
0

1'
..... ~

-~
;g 0.12 ~ ~.I 3 p
'- .....___ - ~I 8
"'0 0 c. p
u
~ 0.08
I 1 t.
I ~ ill.
6 ~ ~
f~ ~-
p 0 6
(5 0
A
u. ~ I r-b 1-- ~- r-o
Ol 2 k_~- ~ 0 0
3
~- 0.04 -
~ ~
6
p ~ f
p 3
a
1 1-
~ p __g_ b f
0.0 p
10 .8. 20 30 ~So a5< , f 6( ~ 7Q
0
80 90 100 110 120 \30 140 150 160 1~0 180

-0.04 '% 6 h ~ tJ 0 !!i

~a~~g~~e o b
~
0
-0.08 0
0

-0.1 2

-0.1 6
Angle of Attack, a(deg)

Figure 31. Full Range Section Axial Force Coefficients for the NACA-0012 Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106, 0.50 x 106, and 0.70 x 106
0
0\

0.32 I I I I ~
NACA-0012H t.i:foil Section I
Q Re = 0.36 x 106
0 R~ = 0.49 X 106
0.28 6 Re =0. 70 x 106

o.24
I!
I
I
0.20
\
~
0.16 - - ~ (J
I
u "' 0
0
;:{
0.12 - H
"
I f' I I ,
"'
c:;
.....
!;::: ~ : ~
e_&_ -~~--~ R I i p
'-lJ 0 6
g_o_ +b
8 I I I 6 o
u 0.08 I
a- +o----L~-~
"'....u g I _6_El 6 6 ;
0
I
ll.
o I
o__l-
H
0
Lt.
<;; 0.04
I .I 6 0
0~
p 8 ~ l 0 ~
~ ~ ; I
o-r---6-B
P f ~
I ~-
0.0 d I p p
6

:r 10 :~o 30 406o 6 50
I
o6<b 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180
I 806~6
e-{i}-r---
6 -1 0
-0.04
tl:l~f'o~6@6e
66 e -oo
.1_
0 0
-0.08 0

-0.12

-0.16
Angle of Attack, ::t {deg)

Figure 32. Full Range Section A<ial Force Coefficien:s for Ihe NACA-0012H Airfoil at Reynolds Numb.. rs of 0.3f> < 106, 0.49 x 106, and 0.70 x 106
 '
0.32

6
l .
oRe 0.36 x 10 N ACA-00 15 Airfoil Section
0.28 o Re = 0.50 x 10 6
A Re = 0.68 X 10
6

0.24
A 'I
'

0
0.20
9~ 0
p
~

0.16 H
<.)
"'
.....
r-- r-- ]-
I I
1-
p
):_o
I
p lC>
0

~
R_

El . p 0
A 0
. 0.1 2r-- r-Ll f--
<.)
._.,
1.;:
I h 0
~
6 A
I
p
p
0
A

8., 0.0 Bt-- ~

I
I -
H
R---H A ~ Q_ 3
~
rt~
:::! ~
0
u.
f-- - \
I
; :,
ll
0

~
A
Ol 0.04r-- r-
~ ~ \ ~
~ 'a_
0. 0
v
J 10
I

30 40v so
it.
p7( ~ 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170
l
180
120 o_[J 6p 0
8-f--
~I al ~A p t A
-0.04
J
2fi@(jAA
O:J
~fl
0
o_h
1 A 0 p
-0.0 3

-0.1 2

-0.1 6
Angle of Attack, a (deg)

Figure 33. Full Range Section Axial Force Coefficientsfor the NACA-0015 Airfoil at Reynolds Numbers of 0.36 x 106,0.50 x 106, and 0.68 x 106
 o Eppler Data
D Wichita State U.

Minimum Drag Coefficient for

the NACA-0015 Airfoil

Figure 34. Predicted and Measured Valuli!S of Minimu~ Section Drag Coefficients, Cdo.'
as a Function of Reynolds Number, Re

108
 Maximum Lift Coefficient
for the NACA-0015 Airfoil

c:f
.!l
1.0
0
s
8
0.8
5
-~
:::s o Eppler Data
0 Wichita State U.

0.4

Reynolds Number, Re

Figure 35. Predicted and Measured Values of Section Maximum Lift Coefficients, C/, ,.
max
ao a Function of Rcynoldo Number; Rc

109
......
0

o.s
--- Measured
0.4 Da;.-ter

0 Vortex (ref. 10)

0..
u 0.3
...
A

~
.~
(.)
~
......
Q)
0
u
....
Q)

~
~ OJ

0 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Tip-Speed Ratio, X

Figure 36. Power Coefficient <sa Fundion o: Tiip-Speed Ratio for the Sandia 17-m Diameter Danieus Turbine with a Height to Diameter Ratio
of 1.0, Two NACA-0(15 0 61-m Chorci Blad:s af a Rotational Speed of 50.6 rpm
 0
c.. 0
u

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Tip-Speed-Ratio, X

Figure 37. Power Coefficient as a Function of Tip-speed Ratio for the Sandia 5-m Diameter Darrieus Turbine with a Height to Diameter Ratio
of 1.0. Two NACA-0015 0.1.~-m Chord Blades at a Rotational Speed of 162.5 rpm
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Aerospace Engin~ering C. J. Swet
Ithaca, NY 14853 Route 4
Attn: D. G. Shepherd Box 358
Mt. Airy, MD 21771
Colorado State University (2)
Mechanical Engineering Department Head
Ft. Collins, CO 80521 National Research Council
Attn: H. P. Sleeper ASEB
F. Smith 2101 Constitution Ave.
Washington, DC 20418
Instituto Tecnologico Costa Rica Attn: J. Taylor
Apartado 159 Cartago
CUS'fA RICA
Attn: K. Smith NRC-National Aeronautical (3)
Establishment
Iowa State University Low Speed Aerody~amics Section
Agricultural Engineering, Room 213 Ottawa 7, Ontario
Ames, lA 50010 CANADA K1A OR6
Attn: L. H. Soderholm Attn: R. J. Templin

118
 Distribution: (Cont)
Texas Tech University (3) Solar Energy Research Institute
P.O. Box 4389 1617 Cole Blvd.
Lubbock, TX 79409 Golden, CO 80401
(. Attn: K. C. Mehta Attn: I. E. Vas
CE Department
J. Strickland National Aerospace Laboratory
) ME Department Anthony Fokkerweg 2
]. Lawrence Amsterdam 1017
ME Department THE NETHERLANDS
Attn: 0. de Vries
Atari, Inc.
155 Moffett Park Drive West Virginia University
Sunnyvale, CA 94086 Department of Aero Engineering
Attn: F. Thompson 1062 Kountz Avenue
Morgantown, WV 26505
Air Force Wright Aeronautical Attn: R. Walters
Laboratories (AFSC)
Terrestrial Energy Technology Bonneville Power Administration
Program Office P.O. Box 3621
Aerospace Power Division Portland, OR 97225
Aero Propulsion Laboratory Attn: E. J. Warchol
Wright-Patterson Air Force Base,
OH 45433 Energy and Power Systems
Attn: J. M. Turner, Group Leader ERA Ltd.
Cleeve Rd.
United Engineers and Constructors, Inc. Leatherhead
Advanced Engineering Department Surrey KT22 7SA
30 South 17th Street ENGLAND
Philadelphia, PA 19101 Attn: D. F. Warne, Manager
Attn: A. ]. Karalis
G. R. Watson, Project Manager
University of New Mexico (2) The Energy Center
New Mexico Engineering Research Pennine House
Institute 4 Osborne Terrace
Campus P.O. Box 25 Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 lNE
Albuquerque, NM 87131 UNITED KINGDOM
Attn: D. E. Calhoun
G. G. Leigh Watson Bowman Associates, Inc.
1290 Niagara St.
University of New Mexico (2) Buffalo, NY 14213
Albuquerque, NM 87106 Attn: R. J. Watson
Attn: K. T. Feldman
Energy Research Center Tulane University
V. Sloglund Department of Mechanical Engineering
ME Department New Orleans, LA 70018
Attn: R. G. Watts
Jan Vacek
Eolienne experimentale Solar Energy Research Institute (3)
C.P. 279, Cap-aux-Meules 1617 Cole Blvd.
Iles de la Madeleine, Quebec Golden, CO 80401
CANADA Attn: P. Weis

119
Distribution: (Cont)
Mississippi State University 1000 G. A. Fowler
Mechanical Engineering Department 1200 L. D. Smith
Mississippi State, MS 39762 '3161 J. E. Mitchell (15)
Attn: W. G. Wells, P.E., 3161 P. S. Wilson
Associate Professor 4533 J. W. Reed
4700 J. H. Scott
University of Alaska 4710 G. E. Brandvold
Geophysical Institute 4715 R. H. Braasch (200)
Fairbanks, AK 99701 4715 J.D. Cyrus
Attn: T. Wentink, Jr. 4715 R. D. Grover
4715 E. G. Kadlec
West Texas State University 4715 P. C. Klimas (15)
Government Depository Library 4715 M. T. Mattison
Number 613 471,.5 R. 0. Nellums
Canyon, TX 79015 4715 W. N. Sitllivcm
4715 M. H. WorstP.ll
Wind Energy Report 4:1lt> K. A. watsort
Box 14 4715 D. F. Wolf
102 S. Village Ave. 5520 T. B. Lane
Rockville Centre, NY 11571 5523 D. W. Lobitz
Attn: F. S. Seiler 5523 R. C. Reuter, Jr.
5523 T. G. Carne
Wind Program Manager 5600 D. B. Schuster
Wisconsin Division of State Energy 5620 M. M. Newsom
8th Floor ,., 5630 R. C. Maydew
101 South Webster Street 5632 C. W. Peterson
Madison, WI 53702 5633 5. McAlees, Jr.
5633 R. E. Sheldahl (15)
Central Solar Energy Research '5636 J. K. Cole
Corporation 5636 D. E. Berg
1200 Sixth Street 5636 W. H. Curry
328 Executive Plaza 5650 D. J. Rigali
Detroit, MI 48226 8214 M.A. Pound
Attn: R. E. Wong 3141 L. J. Erickson (5)
Assistant Director 3151 W. L. Garner (3)
For DOE/TIC (Unlimited Release)

1..

120 '(:U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: j 981-0-777-023/567

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