Protenas/ proteins

son molculas formadas por cadenas lineales de aminocidos. Por

sus propiedades fsico-qumicas, las protenas se pueden clasificar
en protenas simples (holoproteidos), formadas solo por aminocidos
o sus derivados
Proteins (/protinz/ or /proti.nz/) are large biomolecules, or
macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid
residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within living
organisms, including catalyzing metabolic reactions, DNA replication,
responding to stimuli, and transporting molecules from one location to another.
Lipidos/ Lipid
Los lpidos son un conjunto de molculas orgnicas (la mayora
biomolculas), que estn constituidas principalmente por carbono e
hidrgeno y en menor medida por oxgeno. Tambin pueden contener
fsforo, azufre y nitrgeno. Debido a su estructura, son molculas
hidrfobas (insolubles en agua), pero son solubles en disolventes
orgnicos como la bencina, el benceno y el cloroformo. A los lpidos
tambin se les llama incorrectamente grasas, ya que las grasas son solo
un tipo de lpidos procedentes de animales. Los lpidos cumplen funciones
diversas en los organismos vivientes, entre ellas la de reserva energtica
(como los triglicridos), la estructural (como los fosfolpidos de las bicapas) y la
reguladora (como las hormonas esteroides)
Lipids are a group of naturally occurring molecules that include fats, waxes,
sterols, fat-soluble vitamins (such as vitamins A, D, E, and K), monoglycerides,
diglycerides, triglycerides, phospholipids, and others. The main biological
functions of lipids include storing energy, signaling, and acting as structural
components of cell membranes.[4][5] Lipids have applications in the cosmetic
and food industries as well as in nanotechnology.[6]
Carbohidratos/ Carbohydrats
son biomolculas compuestas por carbono, hidrgeno y oxgeno, cuyas
principales funciones en los seres vivos son el prestar energa inmediata
y estructural. La glucosa y el glucgeno son las formas biolgicas
primarias de almacenamiento y consumo de energa; la celulosa cumple
con una funcin estructural al formar parte de la pared de las clulas
vegetales, mientras que la quitina es el principal constituyente del
exoesqueleto de los artrpodos.
A carbohydrate is a biological molecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H)
and oxygen (O) atoms, usually with a hydrogen:oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 (as in
water); in other words, with the empirical formula Cm(H2O)n (where m could
be different from n).[1]
Carbohydrates perform numerous roles in living organisms. Polysaccharides
serve for the storage of energy (e.g., starch and glycogen) and as structural
components (e.g., cellulose in plants and chitin in arthropods). The 5-carbon
monosaccharide ribose is an important component of coenzymes (e.g., ATP,
FAD and NAD) and the backbone of the genetic molecule known as RNA. The
related deoxyribose is a component of DNA. Saccharides and their derivatives
include many other important biomolecules that play key roles in the immune
system, fertilization, preventing pathogenesis, blood clotting, and
development.[7]
Acido Nucleico/ Nucleic acid
Los cidos nucleicos son grandes polmeros formados por la repeticin de
monmeros denominados nucletidos, unidos mediante enlaces fosfodister.
Se forman, largas cadenas; algunas molculas de cidos nucleicos llegan a
alcanzar tamaos gigantescos, con millones de nucletidos encadenados. Los
cidos nucleicos almacenan la informacin gentica de los organismos vivos y
son los responsables de la transmisin hereditaria. Existen dos tipos bsicos,
el ADN y el ARN.
Nucleic acids are b, the polymer isiopolymers, or large biomolecules, essential
for all known forms of life. Nucleic acids, which include DNA (deoxyribonucleic
acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid), are made from monomers kar is deoxyribose,
the polymer is DNA. If the sugar is ribose RNA.Together with proteins, nucleic
acids are the most important biological macromolecules; each are found in
abundance in all living things, where they function in encoding, transmitting
and expressing genetic information