Old Construction Method
Timber Framing
With wood framing, dimensional
lumber is cut to fit at the job site
Timber framing construction is a
method of building with heavy
timbers rather than dimensional
lumber such as 2x4s.
Traditional timber framing is the
method of creating structures
using heavy squared-off and
carefully fitted and joined
timbers with joints secured by
large wooden pegs.
The method comes from making
things out of logs and tree trunks
without modern high tech saws
to cut lumber from the starting
material stock.
Using axes, adzes, and draw
knives, hand-powered auger drill
bits (brace and bit), and
laborious woodworking, artisans
or farmers could gradually
assemble a building capable of
bearing heavy weight without
excessive use of interior space
given over to vertical support
posts.
New Construction Method
Steel Framing
Steel components are precisely
sized during production at an off-
site factory, meaning less work is
required on the construction site.
There is greater flexibility with
the design process as opposed to
platform frames, as steel allows
for greater spacing in between
vertical studs, larger open spans,
and other design elements that
require more structural strength
than dimensional lumber can
provide.
The beams and columns
produced are very strong, but
also very thick; this type of steel
is most often used to construct
commercial buildings, but these
beams are also used sparingly in
high-end residential projects that
have large spans requiring the
added strength of steel I-
beams.
Steel-framed homes are built in a
similar way to platform-framed
wood homes individual steel
beams are assembled on-site,
piece by piece, to form the
skeleton structure of the building.
 Old Construction Method
Masonry Wall System
These are walls made of brick or
cement blocks held together with
cement mortar and are often
plastered with cement plaster on
both surfaces.
Masonry walls are heavy, and
require lots of skilled labour,
which means that they are falling
out of favor in most countries in
which labour is expensive. Their
weight is also a problem in high-
rise buildings.
Masonry walls cannot be
constructed to an unlimited
height - broadly speaking, most
are considered stable only to a
height of 10-15 ft (3 - 4m).
One problem with masonry walls
is that they rely mainly on their
weight to keep them in place;
each block or brick is only loosely
connected to the next via a thin
layer of mortar.
New Construction Method
Curtain Wall System
A curtain wall is defined as thin,
usually aluminum-framed wall,
containing in-fills of glass, metal
panels, or thin stone.
The framing is attached to the
building structure and does not
carry the floor or roof loads of the
building.
A curtain wall system is an outer
covering of a building in which
the outer walls are non-
structural, but merely keep the
weather out and the occupants
in.
A curtain wall is designed to
resist air and water infiltration,
sway induced by wind and
seismic forces acting on the
building, and its own dead load
weight forces
Curtain walls differ from store-
front systems in that they are
designed to span multiple floors,
 They do not perform well in
earthquakes, when entire
buildings are shaken horizontally.
Many collapses during
earthquakes occur in buildings
that have load-bearing masonry
walls.
Old Construction Method
Cast-in-situ Construction
In Cast-In-Situ Construction
elements are manufactured on
site and hence it is difficult to
control mix, placement and
curing.
Quality control and maintenance
is difficult.
More labours are required and
more skilled labours are required.
Construction is slow as gaining of
strength requires time.
Increase in strength at situ by
accelerated curing is a difficult
task.
Elements are cast in open
environment.
On site strength test is required.
and take into consideration
design requirements such as:
thermal expansion and
contraction; building sway and
movement; water diversion; and
thermal efficiency for cost-
effective heating, cooling, and
lighting in the building.
New Construction Method
Precast Construction
In Precast Construction elements
are manufactured in a controlled
casting environment and have it
is easier to control mix,
placement and curing.
Quality can be controlled and
maintained easily.
Less labours are required and
less skilled labours are required.
Precast construction is quick as it
can be installed immediately and
there is no waiting for it to gain
strength.
Increase in strength can be
achieved by accelerated curing.
Elements can be cast in
controlled condition.
On site strength test is not
required.
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