International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)

Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2017, pp. 307311, Article ID: IJCIET_08_01_034

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ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316
IAEME Publication

EFFICIENT COST MANAGEMENT OF MATERIALS IN

CONVENTIONAL AND PRECAST CONSTRUCTION
Suma.Yarlagadda
M. Tech Student, Department of Civil Engineering,
K L University, Vaddeswaram-522502, Andhra Pradesh, India

SS.Asadi
Associate Dean-Academics, Department of Civil Engineering,
K L University, Vaddeswaram-522502, Andhra Pradesh, India

S.S. Bhanu Prakash

Asst. Professor, Department of Civil Engineering,
K L University, Vaddeswaram-522502, Andhra Pradesh, India

ABSTRACT
Objective:To find out cost variations of materials used for the conventional building and
precast building, wastage percentage in construction of a commercial building using conventional
and precast technology. And to find out the time and cost variations in construction of commercial
building using conventional and precast technology.
Methods/Analysis: Outwardly the technique of using precast members in construction has
played one of the key roles in the industry. This technique has been measured and speckled in terms
of cost inference. A Model was carried out on a Residential building project and the data was
collected for study and concluded that the use of precast members is a better tradable factor to that
of conventional system.
Findings: Precast construction saves time and cost when compared to conventional type of
construction.
Novelty/Improvement: The transformation and revolution in the technology was grown out of
the demand of the clients/customers of both residential and commercial purposes. Outwardly the
technique of using precast members in construction has played one of the key roles in the industry.
Key words: Construction Cost Comparison, Conventional Type, Precast Construction.
Cite this Article: Suma.Yarlagadda, SS.Asadi and S.S. Bhanu Prakash, Efficient Cost
Management of Materials In Conventional and Precast Construction. International Journal of Civil
Engineering and Technology, 8(1), 2017, pp. 307311.
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 Suma.Yarlagadda, SS.Asadi and S.S. Bhanu Prakash

1. INTRODUCTION
Material management is the system of planning and controlling all the resources to ensure quality of
project. In a project materials can contribute 50 to 60% of total cost1. When materials are not managed
properly the problems like shortages, surpluses and cost overflow exists2. The material management
system helps to provide the benefits in terms of labour productivity, reduced bulk materials surplus,
reduced materials management manpower, and cash flow savings3. Construction site was portioned into
3zones such as semi-permanent (exterior) storage, staging areas, and workface (interior) storage. Each has
its own function related to site management of materials4. Contrary conditions which were caused by the
lack of an effective material management were identified, and the days on which the conditions occurred
are noted. For these identified days, the actual daily productivity is compared with the expected
productivity to regulate the number of workhours lost5.The application of an inclusive materials
management system contributes to predictable project outcomes, cost reduction, improved productivity and
quality6.With the initiation of the new government, India is being developed in terms of all the aspects of
development and industrialization to achieve remarkable hikes in the industry sector, of which construction
industry in the first one to focus. The industry seemingly showed its raise from 19s and now as a mark of
use of new technology. The new government of India is greatly involved in emphasizing the necessity of
industrialization in India for a rapid economic growth. The inspiring demands by the government to gain
their financial resources through the sector pointedly guaranteed and raised the demand of the construction
workers. The use of precast members has been implied to have numerous compensations over the
conventional methods. A few patterns of such kind could be reduction in resource deployment, material
wastage, less volume of materials to be used, which intern creates the environmental and site cleanliness
over the safety, time of completion of the project, which are the core management observations. All these
factors discussed indicate and denote that the use of precast is much more economical, safe compared to
that of conventional system; nevertheless the construction cost involves all the costs right from its
construction, maintenance and its life. And the effort of this study is to throw light and focus on the
comparison of construction cost in using conventional methods to that of precast techniques. And further to
provide information as a parameter for the construction cost comparison for both systems and there will be
a chance for the future generations to use the materials which we have conserved by reduction of wastage
of materials in conventional building.

2. GENERAL ANALYSIS
2.1. Data Collection
The data required was estimated on the commercial buildings that are constructed using conventional and
precast techniques. Comparison of a building constructed using two techniques gives the variations in
usage of materials and cost variations due to material consumption. Comparison of the process in two
methods gives the statistical data which can be useful to find out the cost of whole structure for both
techniques. The estimated statistical data will also provide the variations in time and amount of wastage in
construction using above techniques. This chapter gives the special importance to the methods of research
on comparison of precast construction and conventional method. A multi-storied building is compared for
comparing the preparation of plan, statistics framing from precast industry, project duration and cost.

2.2. Plan Preparation

A plan of structure G+5, Commercial building is prepared to study the estimation of quantities of the
materials used for both conventional and precast members. It is shown in Figure 1.

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 Efficient Cost Management of Materials In Conventional and Precast Construction

Figure 1 Floor Plan of G+5 building

Window (W) = 2*1.2
Column (CL) = 0.6*0.6
Long Beam (B) = 0.23*0.45
Short beam (B1) = 0.23*0.45
Height of the floor = 4

All dimensions are in meters

2.3. Estimation of Quantities

Estimation of quantities is done for estimating the requirement of materials for both conventional and
precast types of construction for a particular structure considered. The detailed estimation is as given in the
Annexure.

2.4. Project Duration

A time line is set to predict the time required for the project by using simple techniques. The variations are
shown in Table 1 and Fig 2.
Table 1 Variations in Total Duration of the Project

S.No Type of construction Duration

1 Conventional construction 548 days

2 Pre cast construction 105days

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 Suma.Yarlagadda, SS.Asadi and S.S. Bhanu Prakash

Duration

600

400
Duration
200

0
pre cast conventional

Figure 2 Variations in Total Duration of the Project

3. COST ANALYSIS
Cost analysis is one the important factor for comparing both the techniques.
techniques. For better understanding labor,
labo
materials and missionary are considered for the study. The cost variations are shown in
i Table 2 and Fig 3.

Table 2 Variations in Total cost of the Project

S. No Type of construction Cost
1 Conventional construction 2.12 crore
2 Pre cast construction 1.40 crore

120
100
80 pre cast construction
Cost

conventional
60
40
20
0
Material Construction Labour

Figure 3 Cost comparison between pre cast and conventional type of constructions

4. CONCLUSION
The main objective of the study is to elevate the recent advancements and developments in both
technology and usage of prefabrication in construction of commercial building of large plinth areas and
spans. Understanding the studyy and various pros and cons of prefabrication in construction industry, it is
clear that all the factors are dependently relative to each other. If the technology is to be used, there will be
large amount of money spent on the installment and materials. If the conventional type of construction is
used, it leads to large amount of time. So, the two main constraints of the project is time and cost, which is
the main management constraints for any project. Depending on the requirements like size, type of the
structure the type of construction is to be decided. Prefabrication type of construction incurs more costs for
installation, and it opts for large span structures and multiple stories, which is economical and standardized
for that type. Where in conventional
conventional type is suitable only for simple and individual structures.

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