Feedback generally is regarded as an important component in the teaching of ESL.

Feedback

can be divided, among others, into several classifications depending on several criteria e.g.

delayed and immediate feedback (based on the timing of the feedback), grammar feedback,

spelling feedback and so on (depending on the learning focus areas of the writing lesson) and

direct and indirect feedback (depending on the form in which the feedback is given).

Literature on ESL pedagogy however is inconclusive as to which type of feedback is the most

effective in improving ESL students writing performance in the classroom. It is not however

within the scope of this research to review each and every type of feedback and to identify an

overarching feedback type. Instead in the following paragraphs, this researcher will limit the

In Urde et al. (2007, p. 5), the authors differentiated between two nearly identical

terms : brand heritage and heritage brand. Brand heritage refers to a dimension

of a brands identity found in its track record, longevity, core values, use of

symbols and particularly in organisational belief which places importance on its

organisational history. A heritage brand, on the other hand, refers to the

positioning and presentation of a value proposition of a brand based on its

heritage. A brand with a heritage may or may not leverage on its heritage to

position itself as against its competitors. The strategic decision to make use of

the brands heritage factor in the marketing of the brand will depend on the

judgment of each corporations management team. Urde et al. (2007, p. 5) thus

provided an example involving two well known luxury brands : Patek Philippe and

Tag Heuer. Both are brands loaded with heritage but only Patek Philippe is

considered as a heritage brand due to its emphasis on its history as a key

component of its brand identity and positioning. Tag Heuer, on the other hand,

can only be regarded as a brand with a heritage but not a heritage brand due to

its non- Statista GmbH (Statista), a statistics research company, has defined e-commerce

as the sales of physical goods via a digital channel to a private end user. This is also known as
business-to-consumers (B2C) transactions. This definition encompasses purchases made via

computer devices (desktop, notebooks and laptops) as well as purchase via mobile devices

such as smartphones and tablets. Statista however provides a very narrow construct of e-

commerce i.e. it only applies to electronic commerce involving B2C transactions in the

following market segments: clothes and shoes, consumer electronics and physical media,

food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, furniture and home appliances and special interest (a

catch all category referring to niche products such as collectors items, plants, pets and so

on). Transactions involving the followings are not part of e-commerce according to Statista: