River Basin Simulation Model

RIBASIM Version 7.00

Wil N. M. van der Krogt

The River Basin Explorer project

1 januari 2008

Turkey The Netherlands

Topics

2 example RIBASIM projects: Morocco, Egypt

RIBASIM modelling concepts
River Basin Explorer: linking RIBASIM with WFD
Explorer

1 januari 2008
1. Etude de modelisation Morocco

Water balance modelling study for

the 4 basins of Loukkos, Sebou,
Bouregreg and Oum Er Rbia

Aim
To develop water balance simulations
(water availability and demand) for
multiple year monitored time series
and
To propose the best scenario for an
optimal integrated management of the
4 river basins of Loukkos, Sebou,
Bouregreg and Oum Er Rbia.
 North South
interbasin transfer

1 januari 2008
3. Etude de modelisation Morocco

Hydrology:
Time step size : month
Length of time series : 1945 - 2011

Infrastructure:
All rivers in: ABH Loukkos
ABH Sebou
ABH Bouregreg
ABH Oum Er Rbia
72 Sub-catchments
54 Dams: 30 existing and 24 under-construction or (known) potential
10 Run-of-river hydro-power stations: 9 existing and 1 potential
62 Recording stations

Users:
65 Irrigation areas: 52 existing and 13 potential
31 Domestic, municipal and industrial water use : 27 existing and 4
potential
Catchment
schematization
 3. Etude de modelisation Morocco

Laou Loukkos
transfer
Loukkos
Sebou transfer

Sebou Bouregreg
transfer

Bouregreg Oum Er
Rbia transfer
Supply AEP
Meknes

RIBASIM network schematization

 Simulation cases
Selection of scenarios and management actions:
Verification case, Base case 2012 (S000), Other cases

ID Description

Present situation
Base case 2010 (BC2010)

Present infrastructure + 2020 irrigation and DMI demands

Base case 2020 (BC2020)

Present infrastructure + 2030 irrigation and DMI demands

Base case 2030 (BC2030)

2030 irrigationa dn DMI demands + 2030 infrastructure + Transfer from Ouergha

Demand 2030 + North-South River basin via SMBA reservoir to Al Massira reservoir
transfer Phase 1
2030 irrigationa dn DMI demands + 2030 infrastructure + Transfer from Ouergha
Demand 2030 + North-South River basin via SMBA reservoir to Al Massira reservoir + Transfer from Laou River
transfer Phase 1+2 basin to Loukkos River basin
2030 irrigationa dn DMI demands + 2030 infrastructure + Transfer from Ouergha
River basin via SMBA reservoir to Al Massira reservoir + Transfer from Laou River
Demand 2030 + North-South basin to Loukkos River basin + Transfer from the Garde Barrage in the Sebou River
transfer Phase 1+2+3 basin to Point P, the connection with the transfer Oergha SMBA transfer (Phase 1)
2. NWRP CP, Egypt

National Water Resources Plan Coordination Project, Cairo

Aim
Upgrade the old National Water Resources Plan Decision
Support System (NWRP DSS) (1997) which was used:
o to assess the present conditions of the water resources
system (integrated: quantity and quality)
o to screen potential measures
o to assess the impact of alternative measures and strategies
Carry out an illustrative simulation analysis
Training
 NWRP DSS covering Nile River
basin within Egypt downstream of
the High Aswan Dam

Nile River basin

1 januari 2008
 2. NWRP DSS, Egypt

Characteristics of the NWRP DSS:

Time step size : decade
Length of time series : 1989 - 2011
Irrigation demand based on crop plan and crop characteristics.
All known existing and potential projects included: DMI demand, irrigation
areas, hydro-power, etc.
Includes:
Water demand and allocation model RIBASIM
Water quality process model DELWAQ
Evaluate results on:
o the reliability of supply to all water sectors in Egypt
o the crop yield
o the hydro-power production (firm and secondary)
o the concentration of large number of substances
1. NetworkRosetta
schematization
branch
Damietta branch

Cairo city

Fayoum area

Luxor town

Toshka irrigation
area Lake Nasser / High
Aswan Dam

Nile schematization with water users: irrigation, domestic and industrial use
 2. Results: water quality

L o n g itu d in a l c o n c e n tra tio n a lo n g th e N ile rive r u n til C a iro

1 .2

0 .8
NH4

0 .6

0 .4

0 .2

0
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

B as ey ear 1997
R e fe re n c e C a s e 2 0 1 7
8 . S t a rt s e p t ic t a n k s s lu d g e c o lle c t io n s y s t e m
9 . E n fo rc e in d u s t ria l d is c h a rg e le vie s
1 2 . R e m o ve o r re d u c e s u b s id ie s fo r fe rt ilis e rs a n d p e s t ic id e s
1 5 . In c re a s e m u n ic ip a l w a s t e w a t e r t re a t m e n t c a p a c it y
C o m b in e d m e a s u re s 8 , 9 , 1 2 , 1 5

N ile -D S S

1 januari 2008
 A river basin = an area of land where
surface water from rain and melting snow
or ice converges to a single point at a
lower elevation, usually the exit of the
basin, where the waters join another water
body, such as a river, lake, reservoir,
estuary, wetland, sea, or ocean.
Other names: (sub-)catchment, drainage
area, watershed

River basin =
whole Nile or just
part within Egypt
1 januari 2008
 Progo-Opak-Serang river basins, Indonesia

Average water balance (Mcm) over the year (POS)

800.00

Demand (Total)
700.00

Q Average
600.00
Q80
500.00
Critical period Rain Fall
Mcm

400.00

300.00

200.00

100.00

0.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

1/2 month

1 januari 2008
 Tool for balancing
Why water
balance: supplyBalancing
the Water and demand
Act

Supply
Quantity (Natural Scarcity,
Groundwater Depletion)
Quality Degradation Demand
Cost of Options Population growth
Increased welfare
Inefficient use

IWRM

Buyuk Menderes
1 januari 2008
Model classification
Classification
based on time scale and problem area
Models Dimension Time scale Problem area

RIBASIM 0 D days River basin

weeks management
decade (water shortage/ water
half-month pollution)
month
SOBEK 1D hours River/ flood plain
management
(flood control, nature
building)
WAQUA/ 2 D minutes/ Estuarine and coastal
Delft2D hours seas management
DELFT3D 3 D minutes/ (For stratified
hours conditions)

1 januari 2008
 Nile

Morocco
 Water supply

Surface water

Sacramento rainfall-
runoff model

Catchment segments

Sacramento conceptual
scheme

1 januari 2008
Water supply

Groundwater
reservoir

ground surface

GW D5 GW D4 GW D 3 GW D 2 GW D1

ground surface level

aquifer

GW S1
GW S2
GW S3
GW S4
basin reference level
E011012a

GWS i : Ground W ater Storage (Mcm) associated with Ground W ater D epth GWD i
Demands: different characteristics

DMI: steady demand Agriculture: varying demand

Hydropower: steady discharge Navigation: constant water

for firm power level, steady river flow
1 januari 2008
 Infrastructure and its operation

Surface water reservoir geometry incl. one or more head sluices

1 januari 2008
Overall basin water management

Water allocation basic principle: first come - first served

which can be overruled by water allocation priorities per
user
Irrigation area
Water allocation
River priority = 3

Industry River
Water allocation
priority = 2

City
Water allocation
priority = 1
 Introduction R I B A S I M

Results
Many parameters are calculated
Typical parameters:
Amount of water allocated to each user
Supply reliability: % of time steps that a shortage occurs for
various users like irrigation, firm energy generation, minimum
flow requirements, DMI allocation
Energy production (firm, sec.) and consumption
Crop yield and crop production costs
Reservoir storage and level over time (operation trajectory)
Overall basin water balance

 Introduction R I B A S I M

Link results: flow animation

Link flows shown as graph

 Introduction R I B A S I M

3 Options for water quality modeling:

1. Flow composition computation. At each location the contribution

(%) of the upstream sources is computed.
2. Basic water quality computation. For any substance the
concentration is routed thru the network based on full mixing.
Substance retention or delay is indicated at Waste water treatment
plant node or Natural retention node. So no processes are
modelled.
3. Actual water quality processes computation using DELWAQ model
(not part of standard version). All types of substances and
processes are modelled.

1 januari 2008
 RIBASIM modelling system

Modelling components in RIBASIM

Graphical User Interface and Analysis Framework

Based on
priorities WFD
Explorer

Incl.
Post-processors and utilities generate maps, graphs, reports
operation

DMI : Domestic, Municipal and Industrial use

 River Basin Explorer
Link between RIBASIM and WFD Explorer : River Basin Explorer

Export Import

Cases

Water balance Concentrations,

EQR, Scores

Scheme of processes and workflows in the River Basin Explorer

Thanks for your attention