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60 AAA
Alternate angles on parallel lines are Corresponding sides proportional
equal (SSS)
Corresponding angles on parallel Two sides are proportional and
lines are equal included angles are equal (SAS)
Co-interior angles between parallel
lines are supplementary Applications of Differentiation
The angle sum of a polygon is First derivative dy/d
(n-2)x180 - Stationary point when equals 0
- Curve increasing>0
1
- Curve decreasing<0 e = e
-Max turning point if second
derivative negative
-Minimum turning point if second ec = cec
derivative positive
Second derivative d2y/d2
- Point of inflexion when equals 0 ef() = f() ef(x)
-Concave up when >0
e d = e + k
-Concave down when <0
Horizontal point of inflexion if both
ec d = ec + k
first and second derivative equals
zero.
Integration 6
1 5
n d = n+1 n+1 + c 4
1
Area between curve and axis 0
A = ba f() d -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
2
2.5
2
=1
1.5
1
Derivatives
0.5
sin = cos
0
0 2 4 6 8 10
cos = -sin
Trigonometric Functions
tan = sec2
Arc length
l = r
Integrals
area of sector
sina d = -1/a cos + c
A = r2
cosa d = 1/a sin + c
y = sin
1.5
sec2a d = 1/a tan + c
1
1 Kinematics
0.5 Displacement =
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Velocity = v = d/dt
-0.5
-1
Acceleration = a = dv/dt = d2/dt2
Period = 2
-1.5 = v dt
Amplitude = 1 v = a dt
y = tan
Exponential Growth and Decay
If e = a, then = logea
Growth y = aek
Decay y = Ae-k
Period =
3
2.5
1.5
A2 = P
1
0.5
And so on, so that investment = A1 +
0
A2
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
E =P +P
xponential Growth
If the rate of change is proportional forms a geometric series with
to P, ie dP/dt = kP
Then P = Poekt a=P n = number of years
Exponential Decay
and r =
If dP/dt = -kP
Then P = Poe-kt
Where Po is the initial value of P
k is the constant of proportionality
P is the amount of quantity present at
Time payments
time t A person borrows $P at r% per term,
where the interest is compounded per
Series and Applications term on the amount owing. If they pay
Arithmetic Series off the loan in equal term instalments
Tn = a + (n-1)d over n terms, their equal term instalment
Sn = n/2 (a+l) or is M, where
Sn = n/2 [2a + (n-1)d]
Geometric Series M=
Tn = arn-1
Sn = if r > 1
Deriving the equation:
Sn = if r < 1 An = P (rate)n M (1 + rate + rate2)
A=P Probability
Probability of an event occurring =
Superannuation
If $P is invested at the beginning of each
year in a superannuation fund earning
interest at r% pa, the investment after n
The probability of two events A and B
years will amount to T
occurring is given by:
P(AB) = P(A) x P(B)
A1 = P
4
a is the focal length
Sum and Difference of Two Cubes
X 3+ Y 3 = (x + y)(X 2 - XY + Y 2 )
X 3 -Y 3 = (X - Y)(X 2 + XY + Y 2 )
Parabolas
(-b)2 = 4a(y-c)
where (b,c) is the vertex