By Dilip Raja 4 Comments

100 Watt 12v DC to 220v AC Inverter Circuit

We all face power cuts in our houses or offices some time or another. At those times
we generally use Generator or an Inverter. Power generators use petrol or diesel as
fuel and they are noisy. We will not be discussing about the power generators here.
Here we will be talking about the Inverter.Inverters drive the power from DC power
banks, like lead acid battery pack. These inverters are used everywhere now. This
type can be used for medium power applications. But for high power appliances Power
generators are most preferred one.
The most common type of inverter we see in everyday life is UPS (Uninterruptible
Power Supply). We use UPS to keep PC (Personal Computer) running in the event of
power cuts. UPS keeps up the power delivered until battery bank runs out.
UPS is a system which converts DC to AC. So, UPS takes DC power of battery as
input and gives AC power as output. Today we are going to build a 100 watt 12v DC to
220v AC inverter. This Circuit is simple and very useful.

Required Components:

+12 v battery
 47K resistor

1000F capacitor (2 pieces)

4700F capacitor

10k pot, 1k resistor (2pieces)

10k resistor (2pieces)

In5408 diodes (2pieces)

CD4047 IC

4.7F capacitor

Step down transformer (220v to 12v-0-12v (center tap)) (10Amp)

IRF540N MOSFET (2pieces)

Wires

12v-0-12v 10Amp Step down transformer:

IRF540N MOSFET should be used with heat sink, do not use the MOSFET without
proper heat sink, without them the MOSFET cannot stand. The MOSFET here is n
channel enhancement MOSFET.

Also use some good gauge wire. If you use small gauge wire, you will have losses and
under heavy loads they become immensely hot and they will burn out.

Circuit Explanation:
Circuit diagram of 100 watt DC to AC inverter has been given below. We have
used EasyEDA to draw this Circuit Diagram, and covered a tutorial on How to use
EasyEDA for Drawing and Simulating the circuits. You can also covert this Circuit
Diagram into PCB layout, as we have explained in EasyEDA tutorial, and build this
project on PCB.
Working Explanation:
The core of the circuit is CD4047 chip; this chip here acts as an Astable
Multivibrator. So the chip generates clock pulses of frequency 50Hz. This frequency
is chosen by capacitor C2 and resistor R1. The time period for the signal is given as:
T = 4.71 R1*C2.
Now to get frequency (1/T) of 50Hz, we need to play with the above numbers. We can
choose capacitance as a constant and play with resistance for appropriate frequency.
But if you dont have an oscilloscope to adjust the pot for the exact resistance, choose
capacitance as 4.7F and resistance as 1K. This gives a frequency of 47Hz, which
would do just fine for simple loads. If you want to get exact frequency you need to
select the resistance accurately.
So the chip generates the clock pulses, these pulses are taken to N-MOSFET to drive
the transformer. The transformer steps up the 12V to 230V. So every time a pulse
reaches the MOSFET gate, we will have a 220V half cycle at the output. In the next
pulse, the second MOSFET triggers for the second half cycle of 220V. So with two
MOSFETS turning on and off at 50Hz frequency, we will have 50Hz 220V cycle output
at the transformer end.
So we have made a 12V DC to 220V AC Inverter Circuit.