Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Technical requirements
for turbine type synchronous machine
1 Scope
This standard adopt the IEC 60034-3:1988 <Technical requirements for turbine type synchronous
machine> non-equivalently (in accord with or better than).
This standard applies to the turbine type three phase synchronous machine, including generator
and the machine used as the phase modulator.
This standard is painstaking of GB 755 <Rotating machine quota and performances>, those not
given in this standard shall be in accord with the stipulations in GB 755.
This standard can be the basis for signing technical agreement between the consumer and the
manufacturer. If there are special requirements for the specific product, it may be discussed by
the supply and the requisitioning parties.
The general technical requirements for all kinds of turbine machines are given in Chapter 3 of this
standard, and the additional requirements for the machines cooled with different modes are
introduced in Chapters 4 and 5, while in Chapter 6, the special requirements for the turbine
machine towed by gas turbine are describes.
2 Reference standards
The provisions contained in the following standards will, through referenced in this standard,
constitute the provisions of this standard. All versions were valid at publication. And all standards
will be revised. Parties use this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of using the
latest editions of the following standards.
GB 7552000 Rotating machine quota and performances (idt IEC 60034-1:1996);
GB/T 10291993 Test method of three phase machine (neq IEC 60034-2);
GB/T 7409.31997 Excitation system of synchronous machine Technical requirements for
excitation systems of large and middle size synchronous machines;
GB/T 10069.11988 Measuring method and limitation of noises of synchronous machine
Measuring method of noise engineering (neq ISO 61680-1:1986);
GB/T 11348.11997 Measurement and evaluation of radial vibration of rotating machinery spin
axis Part 1: General provisions (idt ISO 7919-1:1996);
GB/T 11348.21997 Measurement and evaluation of radial vibration of rotating spin axis Part
2: Large gas turbine generator unit installed inland (eqv ISO 7919-2:1996);
DL/T 5861996 Procedures for precautionary test of power equipment;
DL/T 6511998 Technical requirements for hydrogen humidity of hydrogen cooled generator;
JB/T 62041992 Specifications for insulation and voltage resistant test of the stators in large
high voltage ac machine;
JB/T 62271992 Inspection method and evaluation of sealing of hydrogen cooled electric
machine;
JB/T 62281992 Inspection method and evaluation of water system in the windings of gas
turbine generator;
JB/T 62291992 Inspection method and limitation of the air duct cooled directly by hydrogen of
the rotor of gas turbine generator;
JB/T 77841995 Technical requirements for ac exciter used in turbine type synchronous
generator;
JB/T 84451996 Test method for measuring the capability subjected to negative sequence
current of three phase synchronous generator;
JB/T 84461996 Measurement method for short circuit between turns of the rotor of non-
salient pole synchronous generator;
JB/T 89901999 Modal test analysis of stator end winding of large gas turbine generator and
measurement method and evaluation of natural frequency;
JB/T 89911999 Inspection method for tin welded joints of generator.
3 General requirements
3.1 Rated rotating speed
The rated rotating speed will be 1500 r/min for the generator with the rated frequency being 50Hz
and 1800 r/min or 3600 r/min for the generator with the rated frequency being 60Hz.
3.2 Changes in voltage and frequency during running
For the ac motor, supplied by ac generator (either supplied locally or through an electric net) and
having the same frequency as that of the stationary source, the comprehensive change relations
are given in Zone A and Zone B separately, see Figure 1.
The motor can continuously run in Zone A, and implement the basic functions given in this
standard. But the performances will not be in accord with those at the rated voltage and
frequency (see the rated points in Figure 1), there may be some differences and the temperature
will rise higher than that at the rated voltage and frequency.
The motor can run in Zone B, and implement the basic functions given in this standard. But the
difference between the performance and that at the rated voltage and frequency will be more
than those of the motor running in Zone A, and the temperature will rise higher than that at the
rated voltage and frequency, and it may be higher than that in Zone A. It is not recommended to
run continuously at the boundary of Zone B.
Notes:
1) The motor will be required to run outside the boundary of Zone A during the actual
application, but the numerical values, duration and occurrence frequency shall be
limited. It shall take measures for correction within reasonable time if possible, e.g. to
reduce the output, which can avoid shortening the life of the motor due to the
temperature effect.
2) The temperature rising and or the temperature limitation given in this standard only
apply to the rated running points, if the running points deviate the rated points gradually,
the temperature rising or the temperature will be over its limitation, e.g. the temperature
rising or the temperature may be 10K more than that given in this standard when the
motor runs at the boundary of Zone A.
Figure 1 Limitation of voltage and frequency
The service figure beyond the voltage and frequency range given in 3.2 and the rated hydrogen
pressure may also be offered based on the consultation of the manufacturer and the order party.
The generator shall run within the boundary of the service figure, corresponding to the voltage,
frequency and hydrogen pressure are already selected. If it runs outside the boundary, the
service lift will be shortened.
A-----limited by the heat generated by excitation winding
B-----limited by the heat generated by stator winding
C-----limited by the heat generated by the end or static stability
----rated serve point
Note:
In the above tables, 1-3:
Range A: The equipment with the vibration value being within these ranges will be regarded as
good equipment and can run without any limitation.
Range B: The equipment with the vibration value being within these ranges will be considered to
be able to run for long time.
Range C: When the equipment with the vibration value being within these ranges, alarm should
be given, and call everybody attention to reparation.
It will trip transiently if the vibration value is beyond range C.
3.19.2 The natural frequencies of the vibration of the iron core of the stator and the seat shall
avoid the base frequency and multiple frequency 10%, the vibration amplitude limitation shall
be specified in the manual of this kind of generator if necessary.
3.19.3 The qualification ranges of the elliptical natural vibration frequency of the modal test of
the end winding under cold status and that of the nose end, lead wire and transitional lead wire, fz,
are as follows:
3000 r/min fz 94 Hz, fz 115Hz
3600 r/min fz 112 Hz, fz 138Hz
See JB/T 8990.
3.20 The irregularity of voltage waveform
3.20.1 Sine distortion ratio of voltage waveform
The sine distortion ratio of voltage waveform of the line shall not be more than 5% during empty
rated voltage and rate rotating speed.
3.20.2 Telephone harmonic factor (THF)
The telephone harmonic factor of the line voltage shall not be more than 1.5% during empty rated
voltage and rate rotating speed.
3.21 Tolerance of three phase direct resistance of stators winding
The resistance difference between each phase or each branch current shall not be more than
1.5% of its minimum value with the stators winding being under cold status after excluding the
errors caused by the different lengths of the lead wires.
3.22 Inspection items for the test and rules for acceptance
The test methods mentioned in the test items of this standard can be seen in GB/T 1029 unless
otherwise specified.
3.22.1 Pattern test and test items for inspection of manufacturer
*a) Determination of the ground insulation resistances of the winding, buried resistant
temperature detector, the phases of the winding and the bearing;
*b) Determination of direct current of the winding and resistant temperature detector under real
cold status;
*c) Heat generation test due to consumption of the stators iron core, flux density: 1.4T, duration:
45min;
*d) Dynamic balance and over speed tests of the rotor, see GB/T 11348.1;
*e) Voltage resistant test;
*f) Determination of ac impedance or wave form of the excitation winding at different rotating
speeds, see JB/T 8446;
*g) The generator with the joints of the stators winding being welded with tin shall be inspected
according to JB/T 8991;
h) Determination of characteristics under empty;
i) Determination of short circuit characteristics under stable status;
j) Determination of efficiency;
k) Machinery strength test at a sudden short circuit (see 3.14);
l) Determination of sine distortion ratio of voltage waveform and the telephone harmonic factor;
m) Determination of reactance and time constant;
n) Voltage rising test during short time;
o) General machinery inspection without excitation and determination of oil temperature and
vibration of bearing;
p) Noise determination, see GB 10069.1;
q) Test of temperature rising (done at the installation place);
r) Short-time overcurrent test (done at the installation place for directly cooled generator);
s) Determination of rated excitation current and voltage regulation ratio (done at the
installation place);
t) Determination of iron core of stator and seat vibration;
* u) Determination of modal and natural frequency of stator winding end ( 200MW), see JB/T
8990;
*v) Measurement of dc voltage applied on the manual insulation on the stators winding end, see
DL/T 596.
Note: * represents the test items for inspection.
3.22.2 The order party, the manufacturer and the installation unit shall, after opening the box,
examine the cleanness together, making sure that there is no foreign matter in the generators
package before installation.
3.22.3 Cross test items after installation
a) determination of windings, buried temperature detector, insulation resistance of bearing and
ground insulation;
b) determination of dc resistance of winding and resistant temperature detector under actual cold
status;
c) determination of empty characteristics and short circuit characteristics under stable status;
d) voltage resistant test, the test voltage being 80% of the value given in Table E1 of Annex E;
e) voltage rising test during short time;
f) test of the cooling system of generator;
g) measurement of axis voltage;
h) mechanical inspection, determination of oil temperature of the bearing and vibration of axis or
bearing;
i) determination of ac impedance (except exciter without brush) or waveform of excitation
winding at different rotating speed;
j) the same as item v in 3.22.1.
3.22.4 Certificate of product
The quality inspection department of the manufacturer shall give the inspection conclusion and fill
in the certificate when the generator leaves the factory, the product will be packed in the box
together with the certificate.
3.23 Name plate and product code
3.23.1 Name plate of generator
a) name of product;
b) name of manufacturer;
c) product standard;
d) model of generator;
e) product code of manufacturer;
f) wiring method;
g) year and month of production;
h) rated frequency (Hz);
i) rated volume (MVA);
j) rated power (MW);
k) rated stators voltage (V or kV);
l) rated stators current (A or kA);
m) rated power factor (cos );
n) test value of rated excitation current (A);
o) rated rotating speed (r/min);
p) insulation grade/application grade.
3.23.2 Product code
The product code shall be printed on the rotor surface of the coupling at the steam end.
3.24 Packing, transportation and maintenance
3.24.1 Packing
There are two grades for packing based on different demands: general packing and sealing
package. The sealing package or the package with measures preventing moisture shall be used
for stators and rotors during long time sea transportation and under damp and hot climate, e.g.
filling the inert gas.
The products shall be well packed and fixed according to the related stipulations laid down in the
national standards or trade standards before transportation, preventing sliding and collision in the
transportation. The following marks shall be born on the packages:
a) name and model of product;
b) gross weight and net weight (kg or t);
c) name and address of the manufacturer;
d) receiving unit and arriving station;
e) precautions and other marks.
3.24.2 Transportation
The practice transportation program shall be determined together with the railway and traffic
departments during design evaluation or signing the order contract if the generators dimensions
and weights are greatly beyond the transportation limitation. When transporting the water cooling
parts of the generator, it is necessary to exhaust and dry the water in the internal water system,
and take measures for preventing frozen.
3.24.3 Maintenance
The measures for rust proof shall be taken for the rotor surface. It is necessary to exhaust and
dry the water in the internal water system of the water cooled generator. All the flanges of the
generator, imported or exported, shall be well sealed. The minimum temperature for maintenance
will be 5C, measures should be taken when it is lower than 5C.
3.25 Scope of equipment set
See Annex A (standard annex).
3.26 Spares and spare parts
See Annex B (standard annex).
3.27 Diagrams and technical documents provided with the machine
See Annex C (standard annex).
3.28 Duration of guaranty
The manufacturer shall ensure that the generator will run normally within 1 year for using and 2
years since the date for transporting from the manufacturer if the consumer uses and maintains
correctly according to this standard and the manual for installation and use. The manufacturer
shall repair (or changes) parts (or generator) free of charge if the generator is damaged or does
not run normally owing to the poor quality within this given duration.
3.29 Reliability
The reliable indexes of the products will be stipulated in the contract if the supply and the
requisitioning parties consider it necessary. The new machine shall be subjected to the overall
inspection after it runs for one year. Major reparation will be carried out every other four years
while the minor one every other year. The service life of the generator designed shall not be less
than 30 years.
3.30 Synchronous phase regulator
The synchronous phase regulator shall be provided with oil system and start device.
4 Air cooled generator
This chapter applies to the generator of which the efficient parts will be cooled directly or
indirectly by air or by both.
4.1 Sizes and series
The sizes of the basic system of air cooled generator can be seen in Table 4.
Table 4 Basic system of air cooled generator
PN SN UN cos
Rated power Rated Rated voltage Rated power efficiency
MW volume kV factor (given value)
MVA %
1.5 1.875 0.4,3.15,6.3,10.5 0.8 94.5
3 3.75 3.15,6.3,10.5 0.8 95.3
6 7.5 6.3,10.5 0.8 96.4
7.5 9.375 6.3,10.5 0.8 96.4
12 15
97.0
15 18.75
25 31.25
97.4
30 37.5
6.3,10.5 0.8
50 62.5
98.2
60 75
100 117.7 10.5
125 147 13.8 0.85 98.4
150 176.46 13.8
200 235.3 15.75 0.85 98.5
Notes:
1 The generator will meet the requirement for the maximum continuous power of the
steam turbine by changing the power factor and decreasing inlet temperature.
2 There may exist the deviation between the efficiency and the actual measured
value, i.e. tolerance, which is used for compensating the inevitable affects, such as,
the inconformity of the raw material performances within the normal ranges,
processing deviation and measurement errors. The total volume consumed will be
+10% of the given value.
3 Efficiency refers to the given value with the frequency being 50Hz.
PN SN UN cos
Rated power Rated Rated voltage Rated power efficiency
MW volume kV factor (given value)
MVA %
50 62.5 6.3,10.5 0.8 98.2
60 75
100 117.7 10.5,13.8,15.75 0.85 98.4
125 147
200 235.3 15.75 0.85 98.6
300 353 18.20 0.85 98.7
600 666.66 20.22 0.9 98.8
900 1000 24.26 0.9 98.9
1000 1111.1 24.26 0.9 98.9
Notes:
1 The requirement for the maximum continuous power of the steam turbine will be met
by changing the power factor, reducing inlet water temperature and increasing hydrogen
pressure.
2 The total volume consumed will be +10% of the given value.
The machinery joint of turbo-synchronous generator is the coupling connected to the tractor, and
the electrical terminal is the wire outlet end.
A1 Generator body.
A2 Exciter (For the ac exciter, the rectifier shall be provided) or the rectifier transformer and the
rectifier of the self excitation system.
A3 Cables and buses between exciter and collector ring.
A4 Self- adjusted exciter.
A5 Automatic magnetism free and overvoltage protective device (except excitation system
without brush).
A6 Field rheostat and compulsive excitation device of dc exciter.
A7 Gas cooler.
A8 The hydrogen cooled generator shall provide hydrogen controller and sealing oil controller.
A9 Water cooled generator shall provide water cooling controller.
A10 Sleeve current transformer (CT).
A11 Special tools and diagrams needed for dismounting (only offer a set when delivering the first
generator for the same model in each power plant).
A12 Heater (gas cooled generator);
A13 Spares (see Annex B);
A14 Installation diagram and technical documents (Annex C);
The vibration pickup (VPU) for the measurement of the vibration of the axis and the bearing seat
will be offered by the steam turbine manufacturer, and the coupling will be settled by the steam
turbine manufacturer and the generator plant through consultation. If there is difference between
the equipment set needed by the ordering party and the above stipulations, it may be settled by
the ordering party and the manufacturer through consultation.
A15 The synchronous phase regulator shall possess its own independent oil system, trip system,
axial trust system and starting device.
Annex B
(standard annex)
Spares and spare parts
B1 There should 6 stator strip coils on the upper layer and 2 coils on the lower layer or 3 lap
would coils, there should be 1 coil for each different size and category [One set of spare coils
shall be provided when there are 3 or less than 3 generators for the same model in each power
plant, and one more set coil will be provided when there are more than 3 or every three
generators (regarded as 3 if there are less than 3 generators) ]. No spare coils will be provided if
the stator is immersed integrally.
B2 Each excitation generator with brush shall be provided with 2 brush boxes, one electric brush
for two generators.
B3 One for each kind of bushes for the generator.
B4 Materials for installation.
B5 The following spares shall also be provided for the hydrogen cooled generator besides those
given in B1-B4:
a) one hydrogen cooler;
b) one sealed bush;
c) one ceramic bottle for outlet sleeve (containing flange) for every 1/3 generator.
d) One set of static sealed parts for each generator.
B6 The following spares shall also be provided for the water cooled generator besides those
given in B1-B4:
a) Insulated diversion pipe of stator, 20 sets;
b) Insulated diversion pipe of rotor, 10 set (4 sets of assembled water supply fittings, 10 pipes).
If the insulated diversion pipes are of long service life, the spares may not be supplied.
c) 20 temperature measuring elements at the joints of the collecting pipe and the insulated
diversion pipe of the stator.
B7 Spares of hydrogen control system, water system, oil system, exciter and excitation system
shall be given in the related technical documents.
Annex C
(standard annex)
Installation diagrams and technical documents
attached to the machine
C1 2 certificates for the product shall be offered, including the following measurements and
inspection records during the test:
a) dc resistance values of windings of stator and rotor;
b) insulation resistance values between winding and the ground and between the windings;
c) result of voltage resistant test (including dc voltage resistant data);
d) *unload characteristics;
e) *characteristics of stable short circuit;
f) *consumption and efficiency;
g) record of rotor overspeed test;
h) inspection record of buried temperature detector;
i) water pressure record of cooler;
j) record of heat consumption of iron core of stator;
*---- For those generators that are not subjected to assembly test in the manufacturer, the pattern
test for the generator of the same model will be filled for reference only
.
k) records of water pressure test and airtight test of the seat and end cover of hydrogen
cooled generator,
l) sealing test and flowability test records of the water system inside the windings of water
cooled generator;
m) ac impedances of excitation winding at different rotating speed;
n) record of inspecting ventilating holes of rotor in hydrogen internal cooling generator;
o) measurement record of applying dc voltage on the hand packed insulation of the winding
end of stator;
p) measurement record of modal and natural vibration frequency of winding end of stator (PM
200MW).
C2 Manual.
C3 Detail list for package.
C4 2 diagrams shall be offered for each product, but 3 diagrams shall be offered for the first
product of the same size unit in the same power station, each shall include the following
diagrams:
a) installation and configuration diagrams;
b) general assembly drawing;
c) assembly drawing for stators winding;
d) wiring scheme of stators winding;
e) drawing of stators coils;
f) assembly drawing of rotor;
g) assembly drawing of excitation coils;
h) assembly drawing of rotors lead wire and collector ring;
i) processing drawing for bush;
j) diagram for bush insulating parts;
k) arrangement for temperature measuring devices of generator;
l) assembly drawing for gas cooler.
C5 The following diagrams shall be also offered for the hydrogen cooled generator besides those
mentioned in C4:
a) assembly drawing of oil sealing;
b) diagram of sealing bush processing;
c) diagram of sealing parts;
d) assembly drawing of stators wingding outlet;
e) diagram of rotors lead wire and axial end sealing.
C6 The following diagrams shall be also offered for the water cooled generator besides those
mentioned in C4:
a) assembly drawing of stators insulation diversion pipe;
b) assembly drawing of rotors insulation diversion pipe;
c) assembly diagram of rotor water intake;
d) assembly drawing of rotor water outlet.
C7 The diagrams and documents for the control systems of hydrogen, oil and water and the
excitation system will be offered separately.
Annex D
(standard annex)
Additional provisions for assembly and operation of the generators taking the hydrogen as the
cooling medium
D1 if the exciter and the collector ring are provided with hoods, where there may be hydrogen
leaked, they should be well ventilated.
D2 All the components of hydrogen and oil systems shall subject to the water pressure test of
0.8 MPa (gage pressure), materials fragile and with blowholes, such as, cast iron, are forbidden
to be used.
D3 Safety and explosion proof measures shall be taken for internal circuits of the instrument
measuring hydrogen and control device, such as, purity meter, pressure gage of the electric
connecting point, pressure gage of electric remote sensing thermometer as there may be some
combustible mixed gas during running.
D4 Two different methods shall be used to determine hydrogen purity in the generator at least,
and calibrate with each other.
D5 Only 1-2 bottles of hydrogen will be allowed to be placed on the hydrogen control frame of
the generator during normal operation.
D6 The humidity of the hydrogen obtained from the hydrogen manufacturing station shall meet
the requirement for the hydrogen humidity in the generator, see 5.5.4.
D7 The hydrogen storage tank shall be stand outdoor a certain distance from the generator
house, there should be a cut-off valve where the high pressure hydrogen pipe enters the
equipment, the main hydrogen source will be cut off as soon as hydrogen leaks greatly.
D8 There should be the spare oil source during the normal operation of the oil system of the
sealed bush, so as to provide the reliable oil supply.
D9 The continuous running exhaust system shall be installed in an appropriate place preventing
the combustible air, hydrogen and mixed gas from gathering in the oil system of the bearing.
D10 The vacuum replacement method is not recommended to use, avoiding the sealing oil flow
into the generator.
D11 It is not possible to displace the air with hydrogen directly, vice versa. The inert gas shall be
used in the displacement for the generator under the two conditions, letting the purity reach more
than 90% at least. The compressed air is only used to exhaust the inert gas in the generator,
remove the joint right after finishing exhausting.
D12 It is necessary to monitor the hydrogen sealing system of the generator very often,
measures shall be taken at once as the hydrogen leakage increases rapidly. If the hydrogen
leakage is more than 1.5 times of that for normal operation within 24h, or the absolute value is
over 18m3/d, it shall be considered to stop the machine as to make an overall examination for the
areas not easy to access during running.
D13 When the hydrogen pressure in the generator is higher than the water pressure in the
hydrogen cooler or that in the water system of the winding, the poor sealing of water system will
cause the hydrogen to leak into the water. The cooler and the sealing of water system in the
winding shall be examined when trying to find out the cause of high consumption of hydrogen.
Monitoring shall be strengthened for the generator if the hydrogen content (volume) in the internal
cooling water system is more than 3%; While it is necessary to stop the machine at once if the
hydrogen content is more than 20%. Or if the hydrogen leakage in the internal cool water system
is more than 0.5m3/d, eliminating fault may be considered when planning to stop the machine;
But it must stop the machine at once if the leakage is over 10 m3/d.
D14 It is necessary to stop the machine and try to find the leakage if the hydrogen volume is
more than 1% in the oil system of the generators bearing or in the main fuel tank.
D15 The outlet sleeve, joints and other sealing devices of the generator shall be so designed
that the hydrogen can not gather in this area. If the isolated bus in split phase is used, the
hydrogen can not gather in the closed bus jacket. If the hydrogen content is more than 1% in the
jacket, stop the machine and try to find the reason.
D16 There should be no naked light, welding, smoking, or other measures easy to ignite in the
areas near to the generator and the auxiliary equipment.
D17 If the gas dryer belongs to the type that the drying agent needs to be regenerated
periodically, the instrument shall be set to indicate when to regenerate and when to finish.
Measures shall be taken to prevent the air from entering the machine shell occasionally if the air
is used during regeneration. The heater, if used, shall be used only during the regeneration.
Protective measures shall be taken to ensure that the heater can run normally at the temperature
below the ignition temperature of the mixture made of hydrogen and air possibly formed. Usually,
the allowed limitation is 300C or even lower, avoiding drying agent, such as, aluminum oxide
being damaged.
D18 Guidance on reasonable ventilation
Suppose the allowed leakage, 18m3/d, all leaks in the given space in every 24h, then, the air will
enter the space at the speed of 125 m3/h, this will keep the hydrogen density being 0.6%, which
is greatly lower than 4% the lower limit of explosion,.
If the dealt space is V m3 air, and it is necessary to change times/h, then = 125 m3/h.
Therefore:
When V = 1, 5 25 and 500 m3,
=125 25 5 and 0.25times/h.
Annex E
(standard annex)
Related parts of GB 755-2000 < Rotating motors Quota and performances > cited in the test of
this standard
----------------------------