ApplicationofPhasor MeasurementUnitsand

WideAreaMonitoringSystemofEGATsNetwork
andTrendforSmartGrid
Contents

WAMS & PMU history in EGATs network

Phasor vs. SCADA Comparison
SCADA vs. PMU Measurement
Example for Real time Application
Benefits of using PMU in EGAT &Trend to Smart Grid
Conclusion

WAMS&PMU 2
WideAreaMonitoring(WAMS):useGPSSatellite

GPS satellite
Wide Area Monitoring System use a
GPS satellite signal to timesynchronize
from phasor measurement units (PMUs)
at important nodes in the power system,
send realtime phasor (angle and
PMU magnitude) data to a Control Centre.
PMU
PMU
The acquired phasor data provides
dynamic information on power systems,
PMU which helps operators to initiate
corrective actions to enhance the power
system reliability.

WAMS&PMU 3
WideAreaMonitoring(WAMS):SystemConfiguration

GPSsynchronizedcurrent
andvoltagephasor measurement.
Highprecisiondataacquisition
Timeresolution:< 106 s
Measurementquality:0.1%
ofUandI
andAngleaccuracy
of<+/ 0.05%

InstallationofPMUs
atcriticalnodes
inPowerSystems.

WAMS&PMU 4
WideAreaMonitoring(WAMS):Projectin2005

EGATinstallationWideAreaMonitoring(WAMS)

Interarea oscillation on the tie transmission line between the

Central system and the Southern system is one of the important
problems which lead to reduce stability and security of the
transmission system.
To prevent system from interarea oscillation, Wide Area
Monitoring System (WAMS) was installed at the Central system and
the Southern system in 2005 to monitor the stability of this power
transmission network.

Bottleneck in transmission corridor:

Limit due to concerns about power oscillation , the origin, amplitude,
frequency, usual duration and damping of oscillation are not know

WAMS&PMU 5
WideAreaMonitoring(WAMS):PowerOscillationMonitoring

BangSaphan

CentralSouthpowercorridor

SuratThani

WAMS&PMU 6
WideAreaMonitoring(WAMS):PMUInstallation

EGATinstallationWideAreaMonitoring(WAMS)

Phasors Monitoring Units (PMUs) are installed at Bang Saphan and

Surathani Substation and use a GPS satellite signal to time
synchronize voltage and current readings as they are taken from
both substations.
Data can be streamed into a Control Center from farflung points in
the grid, where it is evaluated to give grid operators a precise
picture of what is happening in their system, online. They can also
finally see what is happening beyond their own control area an
advance over traditional monitoring and protection methods.

WAMS Benefit:
Detect of oscillation, Assessment of power system damping, Oscillation
Monitoring, Increase power transfer at defined security, and Early
warning to avoid power system collapse.

WAMS&PMU 7
WideAreaMonitoring(WAMS):SchematicDiagram

WAMS&PMU 8
WideAreaMonitoring(WAMS):Projectin2010

The project has upgraded from the existing of Digital Fault Recorder (DFR),
totally 6 sites and 14 PMUs installed.
This is as the pilot project to test the function of PMU on DFR platform.
Phasor Data Concentrator (PDC) and its software application has been
installed in the server and its display available at the operator console for
visualization.
This project has only used for monitoring purpose and observe the system in
broader scale..
WAMS&PMU 9
WideAreaMonitoring(WAMS):Phasor vs.SCADAComparison

WAMS&PMU 10
WideAreaMonitoring(WAMS):SCADAvs.PMUMeasurement

PMU is the higher timeresolution providing about power system

dynamics in comparison with SCADA/EMS

WAMS&PMU 11
WideAreaMonitoring(WAMS):ExampleforRealtimeApplication

Phase Angle Monitoring

Voltage Stability Monitoring
Power Oscillation Monitoring

WAMS&PMU 12
WAMSApplicationExample:PhaseAngleMonitoring

Benefits:
Provide operator with real time information about voltage phase angle
deviation, Improve voltage control, improve system stability, security and
reliability , and operate safety carrying components closer to their limit.

WAMS&PMU 13
WAMSApplicationExample:VoltageStabilityMonitoring

Normal Operation
Early warning
Emergency alarm

Benefit:
Early warning against voltage collapses, Immediate stop of cascading
effects, and Protection against uprising voltage instabilities.

PMU & WAMS WAMS&PMU 1414

WAMSApplicationExample:PowerOscillationMonitoring
EGAT

SystemStatus:
Normal,WarningandAlarm

WAMS Benefit:
Detection of oscillation, Assessment of power system damping,
Increase power transfer at defined security, and Early warning to avoid
power system collapse.

WAMS&PMU 15
BenefitofUsingPMUinEGAT&TrendforSmartGrid

Goal & Benefits

Real time monitoring
Postdisturbance analysis
Adaptive protection
Power system restoration

Source:Dr.LuigiVanfretti,KTHSweden

WAMS&PMU 16
BenefitofUsingPMUinEGAT&TrendSmartGrid:Realtimemonitoring

Goal
Toprovideoperatorswithreal
timeknowledgeofsystem
conditions

Benefits of using PMU

Improvecalculationforreal
timepathflowandoptimal
dispatch
Provideactuallimitsofthe
systeminsteadofthe
conservativeonesfrom
offlinecalculations

WAMS&PMU 1717
BenefitofUsingPMUinEGAT&TrendforSmartGrid:PostDisturbance
Analysis

Goal
Toreconstructthesequenceofeventsafterdisturbancehas
occurred

Benefits of using PMU

Easiertounderstandsequenceofeventswhenusing
synchronizeddatafromPMU

WAMS&PMU 18
BenefitofUsingPMUinEGAT&Trend forSmartGrid:AdaptiveProtection

Goal
Adaptprotectiontobeappropriatewithsystemcondition

Benefits of using PMU

Improvedbackupprotection
Adaptiveprotectionsetting
toavoidcascadingoutage

WAMS&PMU 19
BenefitofUsingPMUinEGAT&Trend forSmartGrid:PowerSystemRestoration

Goal
AssistsystemoperatorduringrestorationwithdatafromPMU

Benefits of using PMU

Systemoperatorhavemoreconfidenceduringrestoration
Reducechanceofrecurrenceofsystemoutage
Reducetimeneededforasystemrestoration

WAMS&PMU 20
BenefitofUsingPMUinEGAT&Trend forSmartGrid:SmartTransmissionGrid

WAMS&PMU 21
Conclusion

EGAThasinstalledWAMS&PMUsince2005,formonitoring
andresolutionofpoweroscillationproblembetweenCentraland
Southernregion.In2010,moreprojecthasinstalledforvisualizationof
powersysteminbroaderscale.
ThecapabilitiesofPMUforhighprecision,speedofresponseand
GPStimesynchronizationmakePMUveryappropriateforwide
areamonitoringforprotectionandcontrol.
AnAdvancedearlywarningtechnologyforpowergridsthathelps
operatorstoensuregridreliabilitybydetectingandcounteractingthe
firstsignsofgridinstability.
TrendfortheSmartGridforthefuture.

WAMS&PMU 22