1.

0 Introduction

ASEAN's people-oriented aspirations: civil society influences on non-traditional security

governance is an article which is written by Laura Allison & Monique Taylor. This article is
mainly about creating an ASEAN that is oriented to the people who will work to solve the
problem NTS. In addition, CSO and NGO efforts will also be included in the NTS handle
increasingly threatened.

This article is reviewing about the ASEAN country is which trying ot be a people orientated
country with giving opputunities to Civil Society a chance to participate in the NTS challenge.
The people approach is the view to give the people a chance to participate in the sense to create
the people approach nation. The NTS challenge can be withdrawn by the corporation among the
CSO and ASEAN.

This article also discusses the relationship between the CSO with ASEAN in combating NTS is
considered a strong threat to the entire world, especially in Asian countries. This article also
states that the ASEAN group is no longer a safe country but often face a variety of challenges
that ails. NTS which is not a military threat but other threats. Another threat is also seen as a
threat that often interfere with the ability of a country, especially countries that emerging.

2.0 Abstract

ASEAN countries are doing their best to reduce the risk of NTS with its own rules and do not
ever cooperate among themselves. It is also said to be the cause of the problem can not be dealt
with NTS successfully.

The mrging non-trditionl scurity (NTS) chllngs can be dfind s a chllng to th

survivl nd wll-bing of popls nd stts tht ris primrily out of non-militry sourcs. Teh
NTS challenges are such s climt chng, infctious disss, nturl disstrs, irrgulr
migrtion, food shortgs, smuggling of prsons, drug trfficking nd othr forms of
trnsntionl crims r now confronting Southst si. These NTS r trnsntionl in scop
which ris t vry short notic nd r trnsmittd rpidly s rsult of globliztion nd th
communiction rvolution. Other than that, it cnnot b prvntd ntirly, but cn b mitigtd
through coping mchnisms. Its also a ntionl solutions which r oftn indqut, nd thus
rgionl nd multiltrl cooprtion is ssntil. Finally this NTS is th objct of scurity is no
longr just th stt but lso th popl. Its included on their survivl, wll-bing nd dignity, t
both individul nd socitl lvls. Th impcts of ths nw NTS thrts r lmost by
dfinition dp nd wid-rching.

nvironmntl dgrdtion is nothr prominnt NTS issu fcing th rgion. Dt hv shown

tht th rcurring hz problm in th rgion hs xctd high pric in trms of humn scurity,
s wll s cusd significnt costs to hlth systms, conomic productivity nd th conomy in
gnrl. Consrvtiv stimts hv plcd th cost of th 1997 Indonsin forst firs nd hz
lon t pproximtly US$4.47 billion, with n stimtd 70 million popl ffctd throughout
th rgion. Othrs hv suggstd tht th thr-month prolongd hz in Southst si in
199798 cost rgionl conomis US$910 billion. In ddition, Southst si is lso
prticulrly pron to dvstting nturl disstrs. In 2009, Typhoon Ktsn nd Typhoon
Prm rportdly cusd up to 700 dths in th Philippins, dmgd hundrds of houss nd
infrstructur, nd ffctd th livs of mor thn 7.4 million popl. Typhoon Ktsn lso lft
tril of dth nd dstruction in Vitnm, Cmbodi nd Lo PDR, killing mor thn 50 popl
in Vitnm nd Cmbodi nd displcing nrly 200,000 popl ovrll. Finlly, nothr
prominnt thrt is trnsntionl crim, which xcts similrly high cost on stts, popls nd
communitis cross Southst si. Illegal drug trfficking, humn trfficking ntworks, mony
lundring, pircy, rms smuggling, cybrcrims nd th growing visibility of th trrorist thrt
ll constitut significnt thrts not only to humn scurity but lso to stt stbility nd
lgitimcy, by violting ntionl bordrs, wkning ntionl uthoritis nd undrmining th
rul of lw.
3.0 Issues of NTS

Th trnsntionl ntur of such NTS chllngs mns tht thy cn no longr b sufficintly
mngd by domstic policis or msurs. s rsult of th incrsing futility of uniltrl
msurs, thr is growing rcognition tht th rgion nds to dvlop rgionl pproch to
solving todys scurity chllngs. Indd, th prcivd grvity of NTS issus is clr in th
wy in which thy r incrsingly discussd not only in cdmic circls, but lso mong
policymkrs, with officils incrsingly portrying ths issus s thrts to thir ntionl
sovrignty nd trritoril intgrity, s wll s to thir rspctiv socitis wll-bing. This is
significnt dvlopmnt givn tht scurity frming is dmd to b ffctiv in bringing
ttntion to ths thrts, convying sns of thir urgncy, nd commnding govrnmntl
rsourcs to mitigt nd mng NTS chllngs nd thir consquncs.

s consqunc of NTS chllngs nd thir scuritiztion, Southst sin policymkrs

hv bn complld to r-think xisting rgionl modlitis for ddrssing ths thrts, which
hs ostnsibly ld to th (r)shping of th institutionl rchitctur in Southst si. Th nw
rgionlism which hs subsquntly volvd brings to th for notions of rgionl govrnnc
nd prticiptory pprochs to ddrssing scurity chllngs.

Furthrmor, th rgionl govrnnc gnd hs com to b bsd not only on th functionl

ncssitis of dling with NTS thrts but lso on normtiv prscriptions, such s
dmocrtiztion nd th promotion of humn rights. bov ll, rgionl govrnnc in Southst
si ims to bttr mng th nw scurity nvironmnt tht now confronts th rgion. In this
light, w cn rcll rcnt study on nw rgionlism which dscribs it s rout tht stts
could tk to mdit th rng of conomic nd socil prssurs gnrtd by globliztion.

4.0 Participation of Civil Society and NGO, Rgionlism

Whil civil socity hd trditionlly not nggd th SN during th first 30 yrs of its
xistnc, thr hs bn slow but stdy intrst in nggmnt ovr th lst yrs. Upon th
invittion of thn SN Scrtry Gnrl Ong Kng Yong, civil socity orgniztions
prticiptd in th first SN Civil Socity Confrnc orgnizd by th Mlysin
govrnmnt s th chir of SN (CSC) in 2005. ssurncs from th SN Scrtrit
tht ccrdittion wr not ncssry for nggmnt furthr nbld grtr civil socity
intrction with th SN. Hnc, rgionl nd ntionl civil socity orgniztions hv tkn
this s signl for nggmnt nd hv inititd thmtic cmpigns with th SN in
incrsing numbrs. Civil socity nggmnt with th SN hs not bn without difficultis.
Thr is high lvl of distrust nd discomfort btwn th prtis involvd. SN
govrnmnts fr dling with CSOs, s th lttr r sn s troubl mkrs nd subvrsivs,
sn s dissidnts in thir hom countris. CSOs, likwis, hv grt distrust of govrnmnts,
nd viw thm s corrupt nd undmocrtic, protcting th intrsts of th lit nd th privt
sctor.

Sn ginst th prcptions of wkning stt rsponss to xtrnl fctors, mdition in this

sns rfrs to th bility of stts nd othr ctors to orgniz thmslvs nd crft pproprit
msurs to mitigt th dstbilizing impct of globl forcs. In lin with its normtiv spcts,
Bjorn Httn points out tht ths nw pttrns of intr-stt ctions lso rflct complling
nd by rgionl plyrs to intgrt non-conomic issus of justic, scurity nd cultur with
trd nd conomics nd r drivn by th politicl mbition of stblishing rgionl cohrnc
nd idntity.

Ths ssssmnts r ll prtinnt to n xmintion of th dynmics of rgionlism currntly

tking plc in Southst si, with rcnt institutionl dvlopmnts, prticulrly within th
ssocition of Southst sin Ntions (SN) nd SN Plus Thr (PT), xhibiting
numbr of th chrctristics of scond-gnrtion rgionlism nd rflcting considrbl
qulittiv chng in th xtnt nd typ of cooprtion in nd cross th rgion. Ths
chrctristics r vidnt not only in th dpning of xisting rgionl forms of cooprtion,
for xmpl, in th rs of conomic cooprtion nd intgrtion, but lso in th widning of
rs of functionl cooprtion.

Procsss of globliztion hv plyd dcisiv rol in th mrgnc of this nw, multi- lvl
nd multi-dimnsionl rgionlism. Whil thr r compting viws on th ntur of th
rltionship btwn globliztion nd rgionlism, Httn suggsts tht rgionlism is t onc
n intgrl prt of globliztion s wll s politicl rction ginst tht procss. In rgrd to
rgionlism s politicl rction, procsss of globliztion hv crtinly ngndrd nd
xcrbtd n rry of nw NTS chllngs nd this hs in turn ffctd th ntur of th
dvlopmnt of rgionlism in Southst si, provoking th dvlopmnt of mor xtnsiv,
multi-lvl rgionlism s wy of coping with th complx nd intr- rltd consquncs of
NTS thrts.

This is rflctd in numbr of rgionl institutionl innovtions tht SN countris hv

mbrkd upon sinc th 1997/98 finncil crisis in n ttmpt to rspond mor ffctivly to
host of nw scurity chllngs. Ths includ, for xmpl, th PT rrngmnt, which
formlizd th frmwork for forging closr conomic tis btwn SN nd Chin, Jpn
nd South Kor.

s mntiond rlir, th rgionl govrnnc projct tht hs mrgd in Southst si cn b

dfind by its prticiptory ntur (or gols) s wll s its normtiv foundtions. Th incrsing
prticiption nd inclusion of ctors bsids th stt drivs from th rcognition tht
convntionl rsponss no longr dqutly ddrss th nw complx scurity issus, nd s
rsult mny non-stt ctors will nd to ply rol in mditing th ffcts of NTS chllngs
on humn scurity. Consquntly, s rgionl mchnisms nd inititivs volv nd r nwly
crtd, thy r incrsingly opning up spcs for non-stt ctors, such s non-govrnmntl
orgniztions (NGOs) nd othr civil socity orgniztions, intrntionl orgniztions nd othr
xtrnl ctors, to hlp cop with th scourg of NTS chllngs. s notd by Grugl, prt from
th divrsity of nw structurs nd linkgs, wht is prticulrly intrsting bout nw
rgionlism is th incrsing prticiption nd inclusion of non-stt ctors in th myrid
rgionl procsss tht r tking plc. Similrly, Jysuriy nots tht privt or non-stt
ctors r plying growing rol in public or rgultory functions in th rgion. Thus, whil
intr-gncy coordintion is importnt to dl with complx mrgncis within ntionl
domin, mor oftn thn not, govrnmnt rsourcs r limitd. Thrfor, in dling with
humn inscuritis brought on by climt chng, n conomic downturn, nturl disstrs nd
diss outbrks, globl nd rgionl institutions will nd to work closly with ntionl nd
locl prtnrs. This will nsur tht dcisions r md t th most pproprit lvl nd th
ncssry humn nd finncil rsourcs r chnnld ffctivly.
lthough writing in th contxt of disstr rduction nd rspons strtgis in si, urobindo
Bhr provids som usful insights into th rol of civil socity, prticulrly NGOs, in
ddrssing th vrious cuss nd consquncs of nw scurity thrts. H suggsts tht th
growing importnc of NGOs is ttributd to th rliztion tht nithr th stt nor th mrkt
cn fully ddrss th normous problms fcing th world. s rsult, NGOs r now nggd
in wid rng of ctivitis, from community dvlopmnt to trining, policy rsrch nd
dvoccy. Thir orgniztionl flxibility, informl work styl nd clos nggmnt with
grssroots communitis nbl thm to dlivr srvics to popl t lowr costs nd thy lso
supplmnt govrnmnt inititivs by cting s conduit btwn dvlopmnt progrms nd
bnficiris, informing nd snsitizing popl to thir rights nd ntitlmnts. Finlly, thir
bility to mobiliz popl nd undrstnd popls concrns lso nbl thm to bttr rticult
problms ncountrd by popl (s comprd to th trditionl scurity problms ncountrd
mor spcificlly by stts).

In rgrd to th rol of non-stt ctors in nhncing scurity, Jysuriy points to Lisss

xmintion of th wy in which rng of privt nd othr non-stt ctors hv mrgd s
lmnts of nw form of scurity govrnnc in th rgion. Lisss nlysis looks t th wys in
which privt scurity compnis in Southst si now shp th control of forc, notion
which is cntrl to Wbrin nd Wstphlin notions of stthood. Howvr, whil th rol of
privt scurity compnis constituts hrd (trditionl) scurity issu, th sm trnd cn b
sn in th rlm of scurity govrnnc s NTS chllngs.

lthough som locl NGOs nd civil socity orgniztions hv bn criticl of th burucrcy

involvd in th Mkong inititiv, it is nonthlss indictiv of th strtching of govrnnc
rsponsibilitis nd rols to ctors both bov nd blow th stt in Southst si s prt of
ttmpts to mng trnsntionl rsourcs nd chllngs.

lthough Grugl nots tht th ctivism of brod rng of socity-bsd ctors nd thir
rltionships with stt ctors cn oftn b conflictul, th obsrvtions bov r ctully quit
significnt if w pply it in th contxt of sin rgionlism nd th mrging institutionl
infrstructur. Indd, s rsult of th incrsing inclusion nd prticiption of socity-bsd
ctors in rgionl mchnisms nd institutions, including SN, th ntur nd focus of
rgionl scurity cooprtion r bing noticbly rdfind to py mor ttntion to issus of
humn scurity. This is th product of incrsd dmnds for ction from ths non-stt ctors
in rspons to incrsingly ovrwhlming thrts to humn scurity. Ths thrts hv provokd
procsss of norm building in rs such s humn rights nd dmocrtiztion, rs prviously
considrd out of bounds for SN. Ultimtly, ths socity-bsd ctors or civil socity
orgniztions r hving n incrsingly significnt bring on how rgionl norms r built nd
trnsltd into rgionl institutions in Southst si.

5.0 APSC

Prhps th most significnt dvlopmnt tht xmplifis th chrctristics of nw

rgionlism nd th trnd towrds rgionl govrnnc in Southst si is th rcnt
stblishmnt of th PSC, first proposd by Indonsi in 2003 t th 9th SN Summit,
whn it ws srving s SN Chir. Initilly concptulizd s th SC, it ws dsignd to
provid rgionl frmwork for mmbrs to hndl scurity mttrs nd disputs mor
ffctivly, nd to ris scurity cooprtion to highr plc. Rcognizing tht most scurity
issus in th rgion wr now trnsntionl, thr ws incrsing rliztion mong SN
mmbr stts tht ths chllngs could no longr b ddrssd uniltrlly, nor ws it
nough to rly prdominntly on th prviling mod of biltrl rrngmnts or on
intrntionl forums for disput sttlmnt mong its mmbrs. In short, th SC ws mnt
to provid sns of purpos, prcticl gol, nd futur condition tht ll [SN]
mmbrs should striv for. It ws trnsformd into th PSC in 2009. In ordr to dvlop th
community, th PSC Bluprint proposd fiv rs of cooprtion, or strtgic thrusts:
politicl dvlopmnt, norm stting nd norm shring, conflict prvntion, conflict rsolution,
nd post-conflict pc building.

In n ttmpt to build cohsiv, pcful nd rsilint Politicl Scurity Community, th

PSC Bluprint committd SN to principl of comprhnsiv scurity tht gos byond
th rquirmnts of trditionl scurity but lso tks into ccount non-trditionl spcts vitl to
rgionl nd ntionl rsilinc, such s th conomic, socio-culturl, nd nvironmntl
dimnsions of dvlopmnt. In rgrd to NTS issus, it stts tht ky purpos of SN is
to rspond ffctivly nd in timly mnnr, in ccordnc with th principls of
comprhnsiv scurity, to ll forms of thrts, trnsntionl crims nd trns boundry
chllngs. In prticulr, it stts its commitmnt to intnsifying countr- trrorism fforts nd
to strngthning SN cooprtion on disstr mngmnt nd mrgncy rspons. Ths
sttmnts mk it clr tht th PSCs concptuliztion of scurity constituts dprtur
from th dominnt scurity discours in th rgion, in which comprhnsiv scurity hs bn
chrctrizd by its prcption of th stt s th primry scurity rfrnt. Thus, NTS could b
considrd s th brodr umbrll tht is bringing in issus of humn scurity sinc its scurity
rfrnt xtnds byond th stt to includ individuls nd socitis.

Th provisions tht r found within th PSC nd th inititivs currntly bing undrtkn to

tckl complx NTS chllngs r significntly diffrnt from SNs usul procss-
orintd, confidnc-building modlitis. Most of its inititivs r problm-solving msurs
nd involv, mong othr things, th shring of informtion, th dvlopmnt of crtin typs of
rgionl survillnc systms for rly wrning on infctious disss nd nturl disstrs, th
provision of rlif nd ssistnc in disstr mngmnt, rhbilittion nd rconstruction, nd
vn mor significntly, working towrds mor coordintd rsponss nd mking ttmpts t
hrmonizing lgl frmworks in ordr to ddrss trnsntionl crims. lthough ths problm-
solving fforts r still t n inchot stg nd will rquir som tim bfor ny dfinit
ssssmnt cn b md s to thir fficcy, it is clr tht through th PSC, SN is bing
rtoold to rspond to mor complx scurity chllngs.

Howvr, thr is nothr sid to th PSC tht is lso quit significnt, spcilly whn viwd
from th prspctiv of community building. ccording to th PSC Bluprint, th PSC ims
to not only bring SNs politicl nd scurity cooprtion to highr pln but lso to
nsur tht th popls nd Mmbr Stts of SN liv in pc with on nothr nd with
th world t lrg in just, dmocrtic nd hrmonious nvironmnt. lthough grndios, this
nonthlss highly significnt sttmnt is oftn missd in th writings nd discours
surrounding th PSC. Thus, byond th nw inititivs tht th PSC hs st out for scurity
cooprtion nd rgionl cooprtiv mchnisms, it is lso crucil to cptur th mrging
dynmics tht r bing crtd in th rgion by th inclusion of politicl dvlopmnt nd
norm shring nd shping s two of th PSCs strtgic thrusts. Th inclusion of ths two
priority rs in th PSC Bluprint is highly significnt givn tht not too long go SN
hd plinly voidd discussing topics tht could b intrprtd s intrusions into th domstic
politicl ffirs of its mmbr stts. Convrsly, undr th PSC, th kinds of strtgis tht
hv bn outlind to put flsh into th r of politicl dvlopmnt r grd towrds mking
th SN rgion mor pcful, dmocrtic, tolrnt, prticiptory nd trnsprnt
community. For thos fmilir with SN procsss, it is surprising tht this phrs ws bl
to gt pst th drfting stg of th SN snior officils mting, lt lon hving SN
ldrs gr to its inclusion in th SCs Pln of ction nd th subsqunt PSC Bluprint. In
ordr to gin sns of th thinking bhind such n inclusion, it is worthy to tk not of th
spcific strtgis which wr idntifid to ncourg politicl dvlopmnt. Ths r focusd
on thr ky rs: (i) th promotion of just, dmocrtic nd hrmonious nvironmnts through
th strngthning of dmocrtic institutions nd politicl prticiption; (ii) th promotion of
humn rights nd obligtions; nd (iii) th promotion of popl to popl contcts.

Viwd in th contxt of SNs history nd th SN wy, th PSC Bluprint is

crtinly mbitious, which undrstndbly my lv on wondring th xtnt to which ths
ids cn b rlizd. For instnc, th im of promoting just, dmocrtic nd hrmonious
nvironmnt ctully clls for th [nurturing of] such common socio-politicl vlus nd
principls not [condoning] unconstitutionl nd undmocrtic chngs of govrnmnt or th
us of thir trritory for ny ctions undrmining pc, scurity nd stbility of othr SN
Mmbr Countris [itlics ddd]. To sy tht this is nw is n undrsttmnt, considring tht
t lst until th SCs doption, SN mmbrs hv bn consistntly silnt on th issu of
dmocrtiztion.

nothr intrsting dvlopmnt is th xplicit stnc th PSC tks on th promotion of

humn rights nd th rltd obligtions of stts in this r. Th provision for th promotion
nd protction of humn rights in th Bluprint clls for numbr of msurs to b tkn,
including th stblishmnt of n SN humn rights body nd commission on th
promotion nd protction of th rights of womn nd childrn. Byond th vlu of thir
dclrtory intnt, this drmtic shift ws ptly dscribd by formr Indonsin Forign Ministr,
Hssn Wirjud, whn h sid tht through th [P]SC, SN hd finlly tkn th bull by
th horn in so fr s humn rights nd th dvlopmnt of rgionl humn rights rgim wr
concrnd. Mor importntly, for humn rights dvocts nd civil socity groups in Southst
si, th ritrtion of th promotion of humn rights in th PSC Bluprint rprsnts stdy
progrssion for humn rights promotion in th rgion. nd morovr, it indicts tht th much
sought-ftr minstrming of humn rights in th SN gnd n dvoccy pltform
sprhdd by th informl SN Working Group for Humn Rights Mchnism sinc
1996 hs finlly born significnt fruit. Th PSC Bluprint nd th subsqunt
stblishmnt of th SN Intr-govrnmntl Commission on Humn Rights (ICHR) nd
SN Commission on th Promotion nd Protction of th Rights of Womn nd Childrn
(CWC) dmonstrts tht t th vry lst SN lits hv com long wy from thir
stridnt opposition in th 1990s (during th hydys of th sin vlus dbt) to notions of
individul nd humn rights. In wy, th minstrming of humn rights gnd in th PSC,
nd its prioritiztion no lss within this first pillr of th nvisiond SN Community is,
indd, milston.

This lds us to considrtion of th PSCs scond priority r, th shring nd shping of

norms. In rgrd to norm building, s notd in th Vintin Pln of ction (VP), th [P]SC
hs th im of contributing to th building of collctiv rsponsibilitis nd forming stndrd
or common dhrnc to norms of good conduct in dmocrtic, tolrnt, prticiptory nd opn
community. Th significnt chivmnts md sinc th 1990s in rgrd to th minstrming
of humn rights into SN discours nd inititivs r tstmnt to th importnc of
norm building s fcilittor for stblishing frmwork of govrnnc tht is both functionl
nd normtiv in its prscriptions. In working to chiv th gols tht undrli th nvisgd
politicl dvlopmnt, th shring nd shping of norms is nd will continu to b criticl, nd
th importnc of norm building for th dvlopmnt of mor ffctiv modl of govrnnc
cnnot b undrsttd. In mny rs of grd functionl cooprtion, for instnc, on
trnsntionl crim nd trrorism, cooprtion is in ffct still oftn complictd by snsitiv
issus tht imping on domstic jurisdictions, such s th nd to shr informtion, xtrdition
lws nd problms of corruption. This dilmm givs sns s to th importnc of norm-
building in dvncing rs of functionl scurity cooprtion mongst stts in Southst si.
Th PSCs vision of trnsprnt, prticiptory nd dmocrtic SN rgion for xmpl
would, in its rliztion, ddrss th obstcls mntiond bov.

In unpcking th PSC, it bcoms clr tht th mrging rgionlism is bing drivn s much
by ids nd impulss s by functionl ncssitis. In this contxt mitv chry rfrs to th
proposd st sin Community s n imgind community, mphsizing th bold spirtions
tht undrli th notion, which sk to trnscnd powrful physicl, politicl nd vn culturl
brrirs confronting thm. lthough not gurntd progrssion, h suggsts tht th st
sin Community id could indd ushr in gnuin sns of community, bckd by
collctiv ction to ddrss th rgions common problms. In this rgrd, it is slint to point to
n rgumnt from Mliss Curly nd Nichols Thoms who suggst tht in th contxt of
SN dvlopmnt sinc th 1990s, it is crucil not to s th vlus nd norms ssocitd
with th SN wy s sttic, but rthr s volving in tndm with nw SN dirctions
nd intrsts. Thy contnd tht lthough SN hs crtinly not bndond its principl of
non-intrfrnc, th cts which constitut non-intrfrnc hv bn progrssivly mor
nrrowly dfind, prticulrly in th post-1999 priod. Thus, whilst stts hv bn bl to
continu to ssrt thir bility to ct indpndntly, t th sm tim this dvlopmnt hs
llowd for closr policy coordintion btwn rgionl stts.

6.0 Conclusion

In conclusion, th PSC cn b sn s not only chrting th futur dirction of SNs

scurity cooprtion, but lso signifying shift towrds mor normtiv rgionl frmwork.
s such, it could potntilly go long wy towrds building th normtiv rtionl nd rgionl
cpcity for systm of rgionl govrnnc tht is mor cpbl of tckling th rng of NTS
issus fcing th rgion. It is clr tht th PSC gos byond its spirtions s scurity
inititiv with functionl utility, dciddly constituting politicl projct tht is trying to shp
rgionl community nd prhps vntully, idntity in Southst si. This ostnsibl shift
towrds mor normtiv rgionl ordr will hv grtr utility thn mr scurity inititiv
in tht it will hopfully provid th politicl will for mor proctiv, rthr thn rctiv,
systm for nsuring scurity in Southst si.

W hv som opinion bout ths topics. After rding this rticl, our opinion is tht SNs
rltionship togthr with civil socity nd CSOs sms to b unstdy for pst fw dcds.
Lss ttntion is givn on SNCSO collbortion in th ld of NTS. This rticl is bout
th vlu of CSO prticiption in NTS is rcognizd, spcilly givn tht th rsourcs,
xprtis nd prsonnl ndd to ddrss ths issus oftn go byond th cpcity of SN.
W do hv sm opinion s policy implmnttion nd crting wrnss t th locl lvl
r bst dministrd by CSOs with locl knowldg.

From this rticl too w find tht th min chllng is th prticiption nd prticiptory
rgionlism cn mov byond bing public rltions xrcis to somthing tht provids ddd
vlu to ddrssing NTS. CSOs lso nd to b viwd by politicl viws in South-st si nd
SN s usful prtnrs so tht mny issus cn b solvd. Mritim pircy lso hs not
xprincd t th sm lvl of nggmnt by CSOs. Othr thn tht, w bliv tht ths
collbortions mong th CSO nd SN cn ld to solving of NTS issus in th rgion.

Bibliogrphy

ASEAN Secretariat. 2007. Available: http://www.asean.org.

SN Politicl Scurity Community (PSC). si Scurity Inititiv Policy Sris. WP No.

7. Cmillri, J. . 2003. Rgionlism in th Nw si-Pcic Ordr: Th Politicl conomy of
th siPcic Rgion, Volum II. Chltnhm nd Northhmpton: dwrd lgr.

Jusuf Wanandi, Security Issues in the ASEAN Region, in Karl D. Jackson and M. Hadi
Soesastro, eds., ASEAN Security and Economic Development, Research Papers and Policy
Studies no. 11 (Berkeley, CA: Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, 1984), p.
305.

http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2011/06/04/non-traditional-security-threats-in-asia-finding-a
-regional-way-forward/