3.

2 Allowable Deflection

From Table 1604.3 - IBC_2012:

The maximum allowable deflection of Main beams under total loaf = L/240
In our case maximum span length = 23.0 m Allowable deflection = 23000/240 = 95.83 mm
According to the STAAD model, the maximum mid-span deflection was 89 mm < 95.83 mm. (OK)

3.3 Steel Beam Design

Steel Design check was done using STAAD model, we will check manually the capacity of steel beams
according to AISC code, ASD method:
The used Steel sections in the design is: (RHS 457x152x 7.5 mm) & I-Beam UB610x305x179 kg/m
For Grade 40, Fu= ultimate Yield strength = 400 MPa & fy= tensile Yield strength = 275 MPa

Check Capacity of UB 610x305x 179 kg/m

Flange thickness = 23.6 mm , web thickness = 14.1 mm

Torsional constant J = 3,400,000 mm4, Warping constant Cw=10.2*106 mm6

About z-z About y-y

2
Ag mm 22800 22800
c mm 310 153.5
I mm4 1.53E+09 1.14E+08
S mm3 4,935,000 743,000
r mm 259 70.7
Z mm3 5,547,000 1,144,000

Anet= Ag Holes area = 22800 (14.1*18*10) = 20812 mm2 at bolted area with 10M16 Bolts
ho = distance between flange centroid= 595.4 mm

13
 Section Capacity:

= Width to thickness ratio (dependent on section type and element)

p = Limiting ratio to see if a section is compact
r = Limiting ratio to see if a section is non-compact

For Flange:

For Web:

Therefore ; there is no possibility of local flange or web bucking to prevent attainment of the full sections yield
strength. In common terms, the beam will not have a local failure (web or flange buckling) before the beam has
global failure.
1. Check of Tensile strength Capacity: (AISC section D-2)

Tensile yielding of the used section

Tensile rupture of the used section

Where Ae = effective cross section area =U Anet = Anet= 20812 mm2 where U = 1.0 from table D3-1
Allowable tensile strength = minimum (Tensile yielding strength, Tensile rupture strength) =3755 kN

2. Check of flexural strength Capacity of Compact I-shaped members (AISC section F-2)

Z= Plastic section modulus & S= elastic section modulus

Limit state of yielding

14
 Lateral Torsional Buckling :

Lp = limiting laterally un-braced length for the limit state of yielding

Lr = limiting laterally un-braced length for the limit state of inelastic lateral torsional buckling

( *

( )

Lb= actual distance between braces = 6250 mm

Lp<LbLr

* ( )( )+

( )( *

Flexural strength capacity

= minimum (limit state of yielding, lateral torsional buckling)

3. Check of Shear Capacity of I-shaped members (AISC section G-1)

4. Check of Torsional Capacity of I-shaped Members (AISC section H-3-3)

15
 5. Check of Compressive strength Capacity: (AISC section E-3)
K= effective length factor Table C-A-7.1 AISC
Slenderness ration = KL/r <200.
Un-braced length Ly= 6250 mm
Un-braced length Lz= 23000 mm

( )

( )

( )

{
( ) ( *

Applying the previous equations to the proposed steel sections, the sections capacities are summarized in the
following table:

6. Check of combined effect of axial force , torsion, shear & moment: (section H-3.6)
From The STAAD Model, the maximum steel beams forces was summarized in the following table
Envelope Values
Fx max. kN 0.011
Fy max. kN 90.916
Fz max. kN 4.216
Torsion. kN.m 5.388
My max. kN.m 24.219
Mz maX. kN.m 486.97

( )

( )

16
 250
Z
14

Check Capacity of RHS 457x152x 7.5 mm

7.5
152 250

Y
457
Z
X

b =152 mm, b1=137 mm

d=457 mm, d1= 442 mm

About z-z About y-y

2
Ag mm 8910 8910
c mm 228.5 76
I mm4 2.23E+08 39029853
S mm3 976446.1 513550.7
r mm 158.2444 66.185
Z mm3 1245045 565657.5

For Grade 40, Fu= ultimate Yield strength = 400 MPa & fy= tensile Yield strength = 275 MPa

Anet= Ag Holes area = 8910 (7.5*14*2*5) = 7860 mm2 at bolted area with 10M16 Bolts

Section Capacity:

1. Check of Tensile strength Capacity of Rectangular HSS: (AISC section D-2)

Tensile yielding of the used section

Tensile rupture of the used section

Where Ae = effective cross section area =U Anet = Anet= 7860 mm2 where U = 1.0 from table D3-1
Allowable tensile strength = minimum (Tensile yielding strength, Tensile rupture strength) =1467 kN

2. Check of flexural strength Capacity of Rectangular HSS (AISC section F-7)

Z= Plastic section modulus & S= elastic section modulus

17
 Limit state of yielding of Rectangular HSS

Flange Local Buckling of Steel Rectangular HSS

( )( )

( ) ( )

Web Local Buckling of Steel Rectangular HSS

( )( )

( ) ( )

Flexural strength capacity

= minimum (limit state of yielding, flange local buckling, web local buckling)

3. Check of Torsional Capacity of Rectangular HSS (AISC section H-3-1)

Torsional Shear constant C of Rectangular HSS = [2(B-t)(H-t)t] [4.5(4- )t3)

[ ] [ ]

4. Check of Shear Capacity of Rectangular HSS (AISC section G-5)

18
 5. Check of Compressive strength Capacity: (AISC section E-3)
K= effective length factor Table C-A-7.1 AISC
Slenderness ration = KL/r <200.

( )

( )

( )

{
( )

Applying the previous equations to the proposed steel sections, the sections capacities are summarized in the
following table:

6. Check of combined effect of axial force , torsion, shear & moment: (section H-3.6)

( )

From The STAAD Model, the maximum steel beams forces was summarized in the following table
Envelope Values
Fx max. kN 3.111
Fy max. kN 0.29
Fz max. kN 0.0
Torsion. kN.m 19.8
My max. kN.m 0
Mz maX. kN.m 0.063

( )

19
From STAAD model Check; Maximum Utilization Ratio for main steel beams was 0.654 and bracing members
0.0026

3.4 Connections Design

From the previous results taken from STAAD Model, the connection design is as follows, All Connections
designs were done according to AISC code, ASD method
(We take the critical cases of all forces results)

1- Main Steel I-Beams (UB 305x610x179kg/m) to RC Wall Connection Check

Side view

Section

20
 Bolted Connection between Steel Beam and Connector Plate:

Critical Forces from STAAD Model

Fx kN Fy kN Fz kN Mx kN.m
Envelope Values 0 90.62 4.22 5.41

Use 12 M16 Bolts grade 4.6 of capacity (Bolts 4.6 is equivalent to ASTM A307 bolts)
Nominal Tensile strength Fnt = 310 MPa & Nominal Shear stress Fnv = 165 MPa

[ ]

[ ]

( )
T=5.05 kN, V= 7.56 kN

Ab =201 mm2 for M16 Bolt

From AISC section J3.1 equation J3-3.b page. 16.1-109

Modified Nominal Tensile strength including the effect of shear stresses = Fnt

* +

Modified Nominal Shear strength including the effect of tensile stresses = Fnv

* +

Check Combined Effect:

( * ( *

( * ( *
.
( * ( * ( * ( *

( * ( * ( * ( *

21
 Welded Connection between Connector Plate & Base Plate

FX= 0.0 kN
FY = 90.62 kN
FZ = 4.22 kN
MX= 5.41 kN.m
MY= Fz * (0.11)= 4.22 x0.11=0.465 kN.m
MZ= FY * (0.11)= 90.62 x0.11 = 9.97 kN.m

We use fillet weld of b=4.7 cm, d=54 cm so , L= 108 cm

From the polar moment method of analysis of weld group:

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

Force Units kN, m Axial stress per cm Length kN/cm Shear Stress per cm Length kN/cm
Fx 0
Fy 90.62
Fz 4.22
Mx 5.41
torsion
My 0.465

Mz 9.97
Total Stress 1.21 kN/cm 1.98 kN/cm

Axial stresses per cm Length = 1.21 kN/cm & Shear stresses per cm Length=1.98 kN/cm

Connector plate thickness =16mm, Base Plate thickness = 16.0 mm min Fillet weld as Table J2.4 section
is 6mm fillet weld
Use 6.0 mm fillet weld
Weld strength = FwAw= 0.6 FEXXAw (AISC Table J2.5), where FEXX = 70 Ksi=483 MPa
Weld strength = 0.6 x FEXX x (cos 45o x weld size x weld length)
= 0.6 x 483 x (0.707 x 6 x 10) = 12.24 kN/cm >> 2.32 KN/cm OK

Check Of 16 mm Connector Plate Capacity

Forces per plate
FX= 0.0 kN
FY = 90.62/2 = 45.31 kN
FZ = 4.22/2= 2.11 kN
MX= 5.41/2=2.71 kN.m
MY= 0.465/2=0.233 kN.m
MZ= 9.97/2 = 4.985 kN.m

22
 Full section: AISC eq .J4.3 page. 16.1-112

Net section: AISC eq .J4.4 page. 16.1-112

Block shear Check of 16 mm Connector Plate: AISC eq .J4.5 page. 16.1-112

Agt= 70x16=1120 mm2 , Agv=70x16=1120 mm2

Ant=(70-9)x16= 976 mm2 , Anv=(70-9)x16= 976 mm2
( )

( )
[

Connector Plate thickness Check -Tensile stress check

Thicknesss t= 16 mm, h = 540mm

( ) ( )

( * ( *

Block shear Check of Steel Beam 14.1 mm web thickness: AISC eq .J4.5 page. 16.1-112

Agt= 86x14.1=1212 mm2 , Agv=50x14.1=705 mm2

Ant=(86-9)x14.1=1085 mm2 , Anv=(50-9)x14.1=578 mm2
( )

( )
[

Anchor Bolt & Base Plate Check :

FX= 0.0 kN
FY = 90.62 kN
FZ = 4.22 kN
MX= 5.41 kN.m
MY= Fz * (0.126)= 4.22*0.126 =0.532 kN.m
MZ= FY * (0.126) = 90.62*0.126 = 11.42 kN.m

23
24
 From previous calculations we find that Anchor Maximum Tension force = 9.95 kN & Maximum Shear Force
= 9.56 kN
User 12 M16 Anchor J-Bolts G4.6

Check Capacity of M16 Anchor J-Bolts G4.6 According to (AISC section J-3 p. 16.1-102)

Bolts G4.6 is equivalent to ASTM A307 bolts where:

Nominal Tensile strength Fnt = 310 MPa & Nominal Shear stress Fnv = 165 MPa
Ab = 201 mm2 for M16 Bolt

25
 From AISC Section J3.1 equation J3-3.b page. 16.1-109

Modified Nominal Tensile strength including the effect of shear stresses = Fnt

* +

Modified Nominal Shear strength including the effect of tensile stresses = Fnv

* +

Check Combined Effect:

( * ( *

( * ( *
.
( * ( * ( * ( *

( * ( * ( * ( *

Bolt Embedded Length:

( ) ( )

According to AISC, embedment length of the bolts should be taken from ACI code
From ACI 408R-03

( ) ( )
,

( * ( *

Base Plate Tensile stresses check (400x620x16.0 mm thick):

Critical case will happen when plate fails as shown in the sketch.

t= plate thickness, b = plate resisting width = 244 mm

Allowable stress = 0.6 fy
( )

( *

Use 16 mm thick base plate. OK

26
 2- Steel Bracing Member RHS 457x152x7.5mm to Steel Main I-Beam Connection Check

Side view Section

Bolted Connection between Steel Beam and Connector Plate:

Critical Forces from STAAD Model

Fx kN Fy kN Mx kN
Envelope Values 3.12 0.29 19.8

Use 10 M16 Bolts grade 4.6 of capacity (Bolts 4.6 is equivalent to ASTM A307 bolts)
Nominal Tensile strength Fnt = 310 MPa & Nominal Shear stress Fnv = 165 MPa

[ ] [ ]

( )
T=24.75 kN, V= 0.32 kN

Ab = 201 mm2 for M16 Bolt

From AISC section J3.1 equation J3-3.b page. 16.1-109

Modified Nominal Tensile strength including the effect of shear stresses = Fnt

* +

27
 Modified Nominal Shear strength including the effect of tensile stresses = Fnv

* +

Check Combined Effect:

( * ( *

( * ( *
.
( * ( * ( * ( *

( * ( * ( * ( *

Welded Connection between Connector Plate & Main Beam

FX=3.12 kN
FY = 0.29 kN
FZ = 0.0 kN
MX= 19.8 kN.m
MY= 0.0 kN.m
MZ= FY * (0.11)= 0.29*0.11 = 0.032 kN.m

We use fillet weld of b=15.2 cm, d=42 cm so , L= 84 cm

From the polar moment method of analysis of weld group:

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

Force Units kN, m Axial stress per cm Length kN/cm Shear Stress per cm Length kN/cm
Fx 3.12
Fy 0.29
Fz 0.0
Mx 19.8
torsion
My 0.178

Mz 3.57
Total Stress 0.042 kN/cm 5.15 kN/cm

Axial stresses per cm Length = 0.042 kN/cm & Shear stresses per cm Length=5.15 kN/cm

28
 Connector plate thickness =12mm, I-Beam Web thickness = 14.1 mm min Fillet weld as Table J2.4
section is 6mm fillet weld
Use 6.0 mm fillet weld
Weld strength = FwAw= 0.6 FEXXAw (AISC Table J2.5), where FEXX = 70 Ksi=483 MPa
Weld strength = 0.6 x FEXX x (cos 45o x weld size x weld length)
= 0.6 x 483 x (0.707 x 6 x 10) = 12.24 kN/cm >> 5.15 KN/cm OK

Check Of 12 mm Connector Plate Capacity

Forces per plate
FX= 3.12/2 =1.56 kN
FY = 0.29/2 = 0.145 kN
FZ = 0.0 kN
MX= 19.8/2=9.9 kN.m
MY= 0.0 kN.m
MZ= 0.032/2 = 0.016 kN.m

Full section: AISC eq .J4.3 page. 16.1-112

Net section: AISC eq .J4.4 page. 16.1-112

Block shear Check of 12 mm Connector Plate: AISC eq .J4.5 page. 16.1-112

Agt= 50x12=600 mm2 , Agv=50x12=600 mm2

Ant=(50-7)x12=516 mm2 , Anv=(50-7)x12=516 mm2
( )

( )
[

Connector Plate thickness Check -Tensile stress check

Thicknesss t= 12 mm, h = 420mm

( ) ( )

( * ( *

Connector Plate thickness Check -Torsion check

29