Transcript of MECH 6181 - grad group1

Design outdoor conditions

2-Story Office Building
In winter: -7F
In summer : 83F
Location: Montreal, QC
98 ft elevation
45N latitude
Design indoor conditions:
In winter: 70F, >36DP
In summer : 75F, 50% RH
Mustafa
Building Thermal Envelope
External wall
Insulated Concrete Form
Construction #14D-21 (Manual J)
Heat transfer coefficient
U(Manual J)=0.049 btuh/SqFt.F
U(calculated)=0.041 btuh/SqFt.F
Loads calculation
First Floor
Basement
Second Floor
Building Presentation
HVAC system
Thermodynamic process
Office Building
Grad group #1
Thermodynamic Process
Window
fixed window, double glazing,
low emissivity, in. argon space
Construction #4B (Manual J, Table 2A)
Heat transfer coefficient
U(Manual J)=0.52 btuh/SqFt.F
Construction #18A-21 (Manual J)
Heat transfer coefficient
U(manual J)=0.047 btuh/SqFt.F
U(calculated)=0.042 btuh/SqFt.F
Roof & Ceiling
Piping System
Air distribution
System
Supply and Return Duct Design
Pressure Gradient Diagram
Thermal Collector System
Domestic hot Water
Solar thermal system
Simulation on TRNSYS
Solar collector configuration
3.8 L/pers./day 30 days/month 30pers. = 3420 L/month (or 114 L per day)
Potable Water Consumption
30 pers. 6 L/pers. = 180 L
Tank sizing
According to Ashrae Handbook, assuming only 70% of the hot water is usable, the tank size would be: 180/0.7 = 258L
Pressure drop needed for each room :
maximum head loss : 0.6076 in .wg
P_needed= C*Pv C= P_needed / Pv
Duct system balancing
Dampers angle according to ASHRAE standard:
System Balancing with Dampers
All-air
Single zone system
Hot Water Loop
Mechanical room in unconditioned basement
Composition:
reception
6 offices
2 meeting rooms
2 restrooms
lunch room
Composition:
living space
10 offices
1 meeting room
2 restrooms
Pump Sizing
Pipes head loss
Expansion Tank Sizing
Boiler leaving water temperature: 160F
Water Temperature Drop: 20F
Volume of water in the system: V_w=0.35 cu.ft
Heating coil load: 209,522Btuh
Water Temperature Drop: 20F
Water flow rate
Straight pipes: 0.684 ft wg
Fittings: 3.24 ft wg
Heating coil: 4.2 ft wg
Boiler: 6 ft wg
m_dot=209,522/10,000
m_dot=20.9 gpm
Total head loss: 14.1 ft wg
Pipes head loss: 14.1 ft wg
Water flow rate 20.9 gpm
1x1x5 Bell & Gossett centrifugal pump
4.25 in. diameter impeller
Heating coil capacity: 237,460 Btuh
Heating coil load: 209,522 Btuh
Fan Sizing
External static pressure: 0.84 in. wg
Air quantity entering indoor coil: 4250 cfm
Straight Ducts and Fittings: 0.61 in. wg
Hot water coil: 0.13 in. wg
Economizer: 0.06 in. wg
Diffuser: 0.043 in. wg
Total head loss: 0.84
Ducts head loss
Fan speed: 793 Rpm
Break horse power: 1.74 Bhp
Boiler
Heating coil
Space heating load: 158,172 Btuh
Space cooling load: 92,987 Btuh
Heating coil load: 209,522 Btuh
Cooling coil load: 121,993 Btuh.
Air Volume Required: 4250 cfm
Solar Simulation Results
Boiler Capacity:
226,000 Btuh
Hot water leaving at 160F
Energy recovery ventilator
Preheat air from -7F to 51F
Energy Recovered: 92,811 Btuh
Preheat load required: 74,058 Btuh
Air Cooled Condensing Unit
Air condenser capacity: 132,100 Btuh
Cooling coil load: 121,993 Btuh
Total Pressure Drop
Thank You
for your attention
Yassine
Vivek
Mathieu
Amr
Abdulwahab
VAC DESIGN OF A RESIDENTIAL HOME 1- Design
Conditions + Heating and Cooling Loads 3-Concept Generation 4-Equipment
Load Calculations 2- Ducting
Design 5-Equipment
Sizing
& Layout Procedure For
HVAC Design Design Conditions Outdoor and Indoor Conditions Fenestration and Wall Schedule Equipment Loads Concept 1 Concept 2 First Floor
Basement Second Floor Domestic Hot Water Concept Now that we have the complete sizing and layout of the system the total cost of the system can be
calculated and shown below. Summary Equipment Selection The general process layout of concept 1 is shown below. Where the systems main
components are:
- Chiller in connection with a cooling tower which serves the AHU
- A boiler which serves the AHU
- AHU which supplies the air to the conditioned space Shown below is the generally layout of a central air-conditioning system.
Our design the AHU is also the gas furnace so that the one system can provide
the heating and cooling needs of the home. Then a shower recapture and a solar water system shown are used to reduce the hot water load.
More details are shown in equipment sizing Estimate DHW usage of the home
Calculate the Load for DHW
Q=mcT= 12675 Btuh Domestic Hot Water Concept Tb = [CsQTo + AxUxTx + q]/[CsQ + AxUx] Buffer Temperature Maximum Relative humidity for Winter
Extra Loads Plumbing Sensible : q=ACF x 1.1 x ICFM x T
Latent : q=ACF x 0.68 x ICFM x Grain difference Ts=Ti -0.65 x U x (HTD)= 70-0.65 x 0.63 x (77)= 38.5 oF Infiltration Duct Losses Other Considerations Duct
Design STEP 1: Drawing the ducts layout:
STEP 2: Obtaining CFM for each zone :
STEP 3: Duct sizing
STEP 4: Pressure Drop calculation: Riser Layout Supply of First floor and Basement Second Floor Supply and First Floor Return Second Floor Return Example
of Duct sizing Total Pressure Drop for Longest Run We Know:
We have 2 main branches of pipes, one for cold and one for hot water
We know every house in Montreal has a pipe as an inlet pipe and 0.5 pipes for indoor
Step 1 : Find the GPM for whole house; by looking at ASHRAE in the fixture units
Step 2 : calculating the equivalent length for the fittings with the help of the chart 10_22b & the table 10_2
Step 3: calculate the pressure drop due to the straight pipe and then add on the head from the elevation and from the fixtures
Step 4: Finding the run which has the highest pressure drop to see if the plumbing system is ok for residential system