reed warblerthe herbaceous layer d as legacy or active responses.

Legacy responses occur

during long-term changes to an environment, such as the conversion of a forest to
agricultural land and back into forest. Active responses occur with sudden disturbances to
the environment, such as tornadoes and forest fires.
Groundcover has

Groundcover in gardening[edit]
an be classified as legacy or active responses. Legacy responses occur during long-term
changes to an environment, such as the conversion of a forest to agricultural land and
back into forest. Active responses occur with sudden disturbances to the environment,
such as tornadoes and forest fires.
Groundcover has also been known to influence the placement and growth of tree
seedlings. All tree seedlings must first fall from their origin trees and then permeate the
layer created by groundcover in order to reach the soil and germinate. The groundcover
filters out a large amount seeds, but lets a smaller portion of seeds pass through and grow.
This filtration provides ample amount of space between the seeds for future growth. In
some areas, the groundcover can become so dense that no seeds can permeate the
surface, and the forest is instead converted to shrubbery. Groundcover also inhibits the
amount of light which reaches the floor of an ecosystem. An experiment conducted with
the rhododendron maximum canopy in the southern Appalachian region concluded that 4
to 8% of total sunlight makes it to the herbaceous layer, whereas only about 1 to 2%
reaches the ground.[3]

Variation[edit]
Two common variations of groundcover are residency and also been known to influence
the placement and growth of tree seedlings. All tree seedlings must first fall from their
origin trees and then permeate the layer created by groundcover in order to reach the soil
and germinate. The groundcover filters out a large amount seeds, but lets a smaller
portion of seeds pass through and grow. This filtration provides ample amount of space
between the seeds for future growth. In some areas, the groundcover can become so
dense that no seeds can permeate the surface, and the forest is instead converted to
shrubbery. Groundcover also inhibits the amount of light which reaches the floor of an
ecosystem. An experiment conducted with the rhododendron maximum canopy in the
southern Appalachian region concluded that 4 to 8% of total sunlight makes it to the
herbaceous layer, whereas only about 1 to 2% reaches the ground. [3]

Variation[edit]
Two common variations of groundcover are residency and transient species. Residency
species typically reach a maximum of 1.5 meters in height, and are therefore permanently
classified as herbaceous. Transient species are capable of growing past 1.5 meters, and
are therefore only temporarily considered herbaceous. These height differences make ideal
environments for a variety of animals, such as the , the harvest mouse and the wren.[4]
Groundcover can also be classified in terms of its foliage. Groundcover that keeps its
foliage for the entire year is known as evergreen, whereas groundcover that loses its
foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous. also been known to influence the
placement and growth of tree seedlings. All tree seedlings must first fall from their origin
trees and then permeate the layer created by groundcover in order to reach the soil and
germinate. The groundcover filters out a large amount seeds, but lets a smaller portion of
seeds pass through and grow. This filtration provides ample amount of space between the
seeds for future growth. In some areas, the groundcover can become so dense that no
seeds can permeate the surface, and the forest is instead converted to shrubbery.
Groundcover also inhibits the amount of light which reaches the floor of an ecosystem. An
experiment conducted with the rhododendron maximum canopy in the
southern Appalachian region concluded that 4 to 8% of total sunlight makes it to the
herbaceous layer, whereas only about 1 to 2% reaches the ground. [3]
Variation[edit]
Two common variations of groundcover are residency and transient species. Residency
species typically reach a maximum of 1.5 meters in height, and are therefore permanently
classified as herbaceous. Transient species are capable of growing past 1.5 meters, and
are therefore only temporarily considered herbaceous. These height differences make ideal
environments for a variety of animals, such as the , the harvest mouse and the wren.[4]
Groundcover can also be classified in terms of its foliage. Groundcover that keeps its
foliage for the entire year is known as evergreen, whereas groundcover that loses its
foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous. also been known to influence the
placement and growth of tree seedlings. All tree seedlings must first fall from their origin
trees and then permeate the layer created by groundcover in order to reach the soil and
germinate. The groundcover filters out a large amount seeds, but lets a smaller portion of
seeds pass through and grow. This filtration provides ample amount of space between the
seeds for future growth. In some areas, the groundcover can become so dense that no
seeds can permeate the surface, and the forest is instead converted to shrubbery.
Groundcover also inhibits the amount of light which reaches the floor of an ecosystem. An
experiment conducted with the rhododendron maximum canopy in the
southern Appalachian region concluded that 4 to 8% of total sunlight makes it to the
herbaceous layer, whereas only about 1 to 2% reaches the ground. [3]

Variation[edit]
Two common variations of groundcover are residency and transient species. Residency
species typically reach a maximum of 1.5 meters in height, and are therefore permanently
classified as herbaceous. Transient species are capable of growing past 1.5 meters, and
are therefore only temporarily considered herbaceous. These height differences make ideal
environments for a variety of animals, such as the , the harvest mouse and the wren.[4]
Groundcover can also be classified in terms of its foliage. Groundcover that keeps its
foliage for the entire year is known as evergreen, whereas groundcover that loses its
foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous. also been known to influence the
placement and growth of tree seedlings. All tree seedlings must first fall from their origin
trees and then permeate the layer created by groundcover in order to reach the soil and
germinate. The groundcover filters out a large amount seeds, but lets a smaller portion of
seeds pass through and grow. This filtration provides ample amount of space between the
seeds for future growth. In some areas, the groundcover can become so dense that no
seeds can permeate the surface, and the forest is instead converted to shrubbery.
Groundcover also inhibits the amount of light which reaches the floor of an ecosystem. An
experiment conducted with the rhododendron maximum canopy in the
southern Appalachian region concluded that 4 to 8% of total sunlight makes it to the
herbaceous layer, whereas only about 1 to 2% reaches the ground. [3]

Variation[edit]
Two common variations of groundcover are residency and transient species. Residency
species typically reach a maximum of 1.5 meters in height, and are therefore permanently
classified as herbaceous. Transient species are capable of growing past 1.5 meters, and
are therefore only temporarily considered herbaceous. These height differences make ideal
environments for a variety of animals, such as the , the harvest mouse and the wren.[4]
Groundcover can also be classified in terms of its foliage. Groundcover that keeps its
foliage for the entire year is known as evergreen, whereas groundcover that loses its
foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous. transient species. Residency species
typically reach a maximum of 1.5 meters in height, and are therefore permanently
classified as herbaceous. Transient species are capable of growing past 1.5 meters, and
are therefore only temporarily considered herbaceous. These height differences make ideal
environments for a variety of animals, such as the reed warbler, the harvest mouse and
the wren.[4]
Groundcover can also be classified in terms of its foliage. Groundcover that keeps its
foliage for the entire year is known as evergreen, whereas groundcover that loses its
foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous.

Groundcover in gardening[edit]
an be classified as legacy or active responses. Legacy responses occur during long-term
changes to an environment, such as the conversion of a forest to agricultural land and
back into forest. Active responses occur with sudden disturbances to the environment,
such as tornadoes and forest fires.
Groundcover has also been known to influence the placement and growth of tree
seedlings. All tree seedlings must first fall from their origin trees and then permeate the
layer created by groundcover in order to reach the soil and germinate. The groundcover
filters out a large amount seeds, but lets a smaller portion of seeds pass through and grow.
This filtration provides ample amount of space between the seeds for future growth. In
some areas, the groundcover can become so dense that no seeds can permeate the
surface, and the forest is instead converted to shrubbery. Groundcover also inhibits the
amount of light which reaches the floor of an ecosystem. An experiment conducted with
the rhododendron maximum canopy in the southern Appalachian region concluded that 4
to 8% of total sunlight makes it to the herbaceous layer, whereas only about 1 to 2%
reaches the ground.[3]

Variation[edit]
Two common variations of groundcover are residency and transient species. Residency
species typically reach a maximum of 1.5 meters in height, and are therefore permanently
classified as herbaceous. Transient species are capable of growing past 1.5 meters, and
are therefore only temporarily considered herbaceous. These height differences make ideal
environments for a variety of animals, such as the reed warbler, the harvest mouse and
the wren.[4]
Groundcover can also be classified in terms of its foliage. Groundcover that keeps its
foliage for the entire year is known as evergreen, whereas groundcover that loses its
foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous.

Groundcover in gardening[edit]
an be classified as legacy or active responses. Legacy responses occur during long-term
changes to an environment, such as the conversion of a forest to agricultural land and
back into forest. Active responses occur with sudden disturbances to the environment,
such as tornadoes and forest fires.
Groundcover has also been known to influence the placement and growth of tree
seedlings. All tree seedlings must first fall from their origin trees and then permeate the
layer created by groundcover in order to reach the soil and germinate. The groundcover
filters out a large amount seeds, but lets a smaller portion of seeds pass through and grow.
This filtration provides ample amount of space between the seeds for future growth. In
some areas, the groundcover can become so dense that no seeds can permeate the
surface, and the forest is instead converted to shrubbery. Groundcover also inhibits the
amount of light which reaches the floor of an ecosystem. An experiment conducted with
the rhododendron maximum canopy in the southern Appalachian region concluded that 4
to 8% of total sunlight makes it to the herbaceous layer, whereas only about 1 to 2%
reaches the ground.[3]

Variation[edit]
Two common variations of groundcover are residency and transient species. Residency
species typically reach a maximum of 1.5 meters in height, and are therefore permanently
classified as herbaceous. Transient species are capable of growing past 1.5 meters, and
are therefore only temporarily considered herbaceous. These height differences make ideal
environments for a variety of animals, such as the reed warbler, the harvest mouse and
the wren.[4]
Groundcover can also be classified in terms of its foliage. Groundcover that keeps its
foliage for the entire year is known as evergreen, whereas groundcover that loses its
foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous.

Groundcover in gardening[edit]
an be classified as legacy or active responses. Legacy responses occur during long-term
changes to an environment, such as the conversion of a forest to agricultural land and
back into forest. Active responses occur with sudden disturbances to the environment,
such as tornadoes and forest fires.
Groundcover has also been known to influence the placement and growth of tree
seedlings. All tree seedlings must first fall from their origin trees and then permeate the
layer created by groundcover in order to reach the soil and germinate. The groundcover
filters out a large amount seeds, but lets a smaller portion of seeds pass through and grow.
This filtration provides ample amount of space between the seeds for future growth. In
some areas, the groundcover can become so dense that no seeds can permeate the
surface, and the forest is instead converted to shrubbery. Groundcover also inhibits the
amount of light which reaches the floor of an ecosystem. An experiment conducted with
the rhododendron maximum canopy in the southern Appalachian region concluded that 4
to 8% of total sunlight makes it to the herbaceous layer, whereas only about 1 to 2%
reaches the ground.[3]

Variation[edit]
Two common variations of groundcover are residency and transient species. Residency
species typically reach a maximum of 1.5 meters in height, and are therefore permanently
classified as herbaceous. Transient species are capable of growing past 1.5 meters, and
are therefore only temporarily considered herbaceous. These height differences make ideal
environments for a variety of animals, such as the reed warbler, the harvest mouse and
the wren.[4]
Groundcover can also be classified in terms of its foliage. Groundcover that keeps its
foliage for the entire year is known as evergreen, whereas groundcover that loses its
foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous.

Groundcover in gardening[edit]
an be classified as legacy or active responses. Legacy responses occur during long-term
changes to an environment, such as the conversion of a forest to agricultural land and
back into forest. Active responses occur with sudden disturbances to the environment,
suhat loses its foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous.

Groundcover in gardening[edit]
an be classified as legacy or active responses. Legacy responses occur during long-term
changes to an environment, such as the conversion of a forest to agricultural land and
back into forest. Active responses occur with sudden disturbances to the environment,
suhat loses its foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous.
Groundcover in gardening[edit]
an be classified as legacy or active responses. Legacy responses occur during long-term
changes to an environment, such as the conversion of a forest to agricultural land and
back into forest. Active responses occur with sudden disturbances to the environment,
suhat loses its foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous.

Groundcover in gardening[edit]
an be classified as legacy or active responses. Legacy responses occur during long-term
changes to an environment, such as the conversion of a forest to agricultural land and
back into forest. Active responses occur with sudden disturbances to the environment,
suhat loses its foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous.

Groundcover in gardening[edit]
an be classified as legacy or active responses. Legacy responses occur during long-term
changes to an environment, such as the conversion of a forest to agricultural land and
back into forest. Active responses occur with sudden disturbances to the environment,
suhat loses its foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous.

Groundcover in gardening[edit]
an be classified as legacy or active responses. Legacy responses occur during long-term
changes to an environment, such as the conversion of a forest to agricultural land and
back into forest. Active responses occur with sudden disturbances to the environment,
suhat loses its foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous.

Groundcover in gardening[edit]
an be classified as legacy or active responses. Legacy responses occur during long-term
changes to an environment, such as the conversion of a forest to agricultural land and
back into forest. Active responses occur with sudden disturbances to the environment,
suhat loses its foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous.

Groundcover in gardening[edit]
an be classified as legacy or active responses. Legacy responses occur during long-term
changes to an environment, such as the conversion of a forest to agricultural land and
back into forest. Active responses occur with sudden disturbances to the environment,
suhat loses its foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous.

Groundcover in gardening[edit]
an be classified as legacy or active responses. Legacy responses occur during long-term
changes to an environment, such as the conversion of a forest to agricultural land and
back into forest. Active responses occur with sudden disturbances to the environment,
suhat loses its foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous.
Groundcover in gardening[edit]
an be classified as legacy or active responses. Legacy responses occur during long-term
changes to an environment, such as the conversion of a forest to agricultural land and
back into forest. Active responses occur with sudden disturbances to the environment,
suhat loses its foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous.

Groundcover in gardening[edit]
an be classified as legacy or active responses. Legacy responses occur during long-term
changes to an environment, such as the conversion of a forest to agricultural land and
back into forest. Active responses occur with sudden disturbances to the environment,
suhat loses its foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous.

Groundcover in gardening[edit]
an be classified as legacy or active responses. Legacy responses occur during long-term
changes to an environment, such as the conversion of a forest to agricultural land and
back into forest. Active responses occur with sudden disturbances to the environment,
such as tornadoes and forest fires.
Groundcover has also been known to influence the placement and growth of tree
seedlings. All tree seedlings must first fall from their origin trees and then permeate the
layer created by groundcover in order to reach the soil and germinate. The groundcover
filters out a large amount seeds, but lets a smaller portion of seeds pass through and grow.
This filtration provides ample amount of space between the seeds for future growth. In
some areas, the groundcover can become so dense that no seeds can permeate the
surface, and the forest is instead converted to shrubbery. Groundcover also inhibits the
amount of light which reaches the floor of an ecosystem. An experiment conducted with
the rhododendron maximum canopy in the southern Appalachian region concluded that 4
to 8% of total sunlight makes it to the herbaceous layer, whereas only about 1 to 2%
reaches the ground.[3]

Variation[edit]
Two common variations of groundcover are residency and transient species. Residency
species typically reach a maximum of 1.5 meters in height, and are therefore permanently
classified as herbaceous. Transient species are capable of growing past 1.5 meters, and
are therefore only temporarily considered herbaceous. These height differences make ideal
environments for a variety of animals, such as the reed warbler, the harvest mouse and
the wren.[4]
Groundcover can also be classified in terms of its foliage. Groundcover that keeps its
foliage for the entire year is known as evergreen, whereas groundcover that loses its
foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous.

Groundcover in gardening[edit]
an be classified as legacy or active responses. Legacy responses occur during long-term
changes to an environment, such as the conversion of a forest to agricultural land and
back into forest. Active responses occur with sudden disturbances to the environment,
such as tornadoes and forest fires.
Groundcover has also been known to influence the placement and growth of tree
seedlings. All tree seedlings must first fall from their origin trees and then permeate the
layer created by groundcover in order to reach the soil and germinate. The groundcover
filters out a large amount seeds, but lets a smaller portion of seeds pass through and grow.
This filtration provides ample amount of space between the seeds for future growth. In
some areas, the groundcover can become so dense that no seeds can permeate the
surface, and the forest is instead converted to shrubbery. Groundcover also inhibits the
amount of light which reaches the floor of an ecosystem. An experiment conducted with
the rhododendron maximum canopy in the southern Appalachian region concluded that 4
to 8% of total sunlight makes it to the herbaceous layer, whereas only about 1 to 2%
reaches the ground.[3]

Variation[edit]
Two common variations of groundcover are residency and transient species. Residency
species typically reach a maximum of 1.5 meters in height, and are therefore permanently
classified as herbaceous. Transient species are capable of growing past 1.5 meters, and
are therefore only temporarily considered herbaceous. These height differences make ideal
environments for a variety of animals, such as the reed warbler, the harvest mouse and
the wren.[4]
Groundcover can also be classified in terms of its foliage. Groundcover that keeps its
foliage for the entire year is known as evergreen, whereas groundcover that loses its
foliage in the winter months is known as deciduous.
Groundcover in gardening[edit]