CHELAWS

ISO 50000 Series
ISO 50001
Energy Management Requirements with Guidance for Use
Using energy efficiently helps organizations save money as well as

helping to conserve resources and tackle climate change. ISO 50000 series
supports organizations in all sectors to use energy more efficiently, through
the development of an energy management system (EnMS).
ISO 50001 What is it?

ISO 50001:2011, Energy management systems Requirements with
guidance for use, is a voluntary International Standard developed by ISO
(International Organization for Standardization).
ISO 50001 gives organizations the requirements for energy management

systems (EnMS).
ISO 50001 provides benefits for organizations large and small, in both public
and private sectors, in manufacturing and services, in all regions of the
world.
ISO 50001 will establish a framework for industrial plants; commercial,

institutional, and governmental facilities; and entire organizations to manage
energy. Targeting broad applicability across national economic sectors, it is
estimated that the standard could influence up to 60 % of the worlds energy
use.
ISO 50001 Why is it important?

Energy is critical to organizational operations and can be a major cost to
organizations, whatever their activities. An idea can be gained by
considering the use of energy through the supply chain of a business, from
raw materials
through to recycling.
In addition to the economic costs of energy to an organization, energy can

impose environmental and societal costs by depleting resources and
contributing to problems such as climate change.
The development and deployment of technologies for new energy sources
and renewable sources can take time.
Individual organizations cannot control energy prices, government policies or

the global economy, but they can improve the way they manage energy in
the here and now. Improved energy performance can provide rapid benefits
for an organization by maximizing the use of its energy sources and energy-
related assets, thus reducing both energy cost and consumption. The
organization will also make positive contributions toward reducing depletion
of energy resources and mitigating worldwide effects of energy use, such as
global warming.
ISO 50001 is based on the management system model that is already

understood and implemented by organizations worldwide. It can make a
positive difference for organizations of all types in the very near future, while
supporting longer term efforts for improved energy technologies.
ISO 50001 What will it do?

ISO 50001 will provide public and private sector organizations with
management strategies to increase energy efficiency, reduce costs and
improve energy performance.
The standard is intended to provide organizations with a recognized

framework for integrating energy performance into their management
practices. Multinational organizations will have access to a single,
harmonized standard for implementation across the organization with a
logical and consistent methodology for identifying and implementing
improvements.
The standard is intended to accomplish the following:

Assist organizations in making better use of their existing energy
consuming assets;
Create transparency and facilitate communication on the management
of energy resources;
Promote energy management best practices and reinforce good energy
management behaviors;
Assist facilities in evaluating and prioritizing the implementation of new
energy-efficient technologies;
Provide a framework for promoting energy efficiency throughout the
supply chain;
Facilitate energy management improvements for greenhouse gas
emission reduction projects; and
Allow integration with other organizational management systems such
as environmental, and health and safety.
ISO 50001 How does it work?
ISO 50001 is based on the ISO management system model familiar to more
than a million organizations worldwide who implement standards such as ISO
9001 (quality management), ISO 14001 (environmental management), ISO
22000 (food safety), ISO/IEC 27001 (information security).
In particular, ISO 50001 follows the Plan-Do-Check-Act process for continual

improvement of the energy management system.
These characteristics enable organizations to integrate energy management

now with their overall efforts to improve quality, environmental management
and other challenges addressed by their management systems. ISO 50001
provides a framework of requirements enabling organizations to:
Develop a policy for more efficient use of energy;
Fix targets and objectives to meet the policy;
Use data to better understand and make decisions concerning energy
use and consumption;
Measure the results;
Review the effectiveness of the policy; and
Continually improve energy management.
ISO 50001 can be implemented individually or integrated with other

management system standards.
ISO 50001 Who can it benefit?

Like all ISO management system standards, ISO 50001 has been designed
for implementation by any organization, whatever its size or activities,
whether in public or private sectors, regardless of its geographical location.
ISO 50001 does not fix targets for improving energy performance. This is up
to the user organization, or to regulatory authorities. This means than any
organization, regardless of its current mastery of energy management, can
implement ISO 50001 to establish a baseline and then improve on this at a
rhythm appropriate to its context and capacities.
ISO 50001 To certify or not?

Like all ISO management system standards, ISO 50001 can be implemented
solely for the internal and external benefits it provides the user organizations
and the latters stakeholders and customers. Certification by an independent
auditor of conformity of the users energy management system to ISO 50001
is not a requirement of the standard itself. To certify or not is a decision to be
taken by the ISO 50001 user, unless imposed by regulation.
Alternatives to independent (third party) certification are to invite the

organizations customers to verify its implementation of ISO 50001 in
conformity with the standard (second party verification), or to self-declare its
conformity.
Energy Management System
ISO 50001 is based on the management system model of continual

improvement also used for other well-known standards such as ISO 9001 or
ISO 14001. This makes it easier for organizations to integrate energy
management into their overall efforts to improve quality and environmental
management.
ISO 50001:2011 provides a framework of requirements for organizations to:
Develop a policy for more efficient use of energy

Fix targets and objectives to meet the policy
Use data to better understand and make decisions about energy use
Measure the results
Review how well the policy works, and
Continually improve energy management.
ISO 50001:2011 specifies requirements for establishing, implementing,

maintaining and improving an energy management system, whose purpose
is to enable an organization to follow a systematic approach in achieving
continual improvement of energy performance, including energy efficiency,
energy use and consumption.
ISO 50001:2011 specifies requirements applicable to energy use and

consumption, including measurement, documentation and reporting, design
and procurement practices for equipment, systems, processes and personnel
that contribute to energy performance.
ISO 50001:2011 applies to all variables affecting energy performance that

can be monitored and influenced by the organization.
ISO 50001:2011 does not prescribe specific performance criteria with respect
to energy.
ISO 50001:2011 has been designed to be used independently, but it can be
aligned or integrated with other management systems.
ISO 50001:2011 is applicable to any organization wishing to ensure that it

conforms to its stated energy policy and wishing to demonstrate this to
others, such conformity being confirmed either by means of self-evaluation
and self-declaration of conformity, or by certification of the energy
management system by an external organization.
This International Standard specifies requirements of an energy

management system (EnMS) for an organization to develop and implement
an energy policy, establish objectives, targets, and action plans, which take
into account legal requirements and information related to significant energy
use. An EnMS enables an organization to achieve its policy commitments,
take action as needed to improve its energy performance and demonstrate
the conformity of the system to the requirements of this International
Standard.\ Application of this International Standard can be tailored to fit the
requirements of an organization including the complexity of the system,
degree of documentation, and resources and applies to the activities
under the control of the organization. This International Standard is based on
the Plan-Do-Check-Act continual improvement framework and incorporates
energy management into everyday organizational practices.
PLAN: conduct the energy review and establish the baseline, energy
performance indicators (EnPIs), objectives, targets and action plans
necessary to deliver results in accordance with opportunities to
improve energy performance and the organizations energy policy.
DO: implement the energy management action plans.
CHECK: monitor and measure processes and the key characteristics of
its operations that determine energy performance against the energy
policy and objectives and report the results.
ACT: take actions to continually improve energy performance and the
EnMS.
ISO 50002:2014
Energy audits -- Requirements with guidance for use
ISO 50002:2014 specifies the process requirements for carrying out an

energy audit in relation to energy performance. It is applicable to all types of
establishments and organizations, and all forms of energy and energy use.
ISO 50002:2014 specifies the principles of carrying out energy audits,

requirements for the common processes during energy audits, and
deliverables for energy audits.
ISO 50002:2014 does not address the requirements for selection and
evaluation of the competence of bodies providing energy audit services, and
it does not cover the auditing of an organization's energy management
system, as these are described in ISO 50003.
ISO 50002:2014 also provides informative guidance on its use.
Introduction
The purpose of this International Standard is to define the minimum set

of requirements leading to the identification of opportunities for the
improvement of energy performance.
An energy audit comprises a detailed analysis of the energy

performance of an organization, equipment, system(s) or process(es). It is
based on appropriate measurement and observation of energy use, energy
efficiency and consumption. Energy audits are planned and conducted as
part of the identification and prioritization of opportunities to improve energy
performance, reduce energy waste and obtain related environmental
benefits. Audit outputs include information on current use and performance
and they provide ranked recommendations for improvement in terms of
energy performance and financial benefits.
An energy audit can support an energy review and can facilitate

monitoring, measurement and analysis as described in ISO 50001, or it can
be used independently.
This International Standard allows for differences in approach and in

terms of scope, boundary and audit objective and seeks to harmonize
common aspects of energy auditing in order to enhance clarity and
transparency.
The energy audit process is presented as a simple chronological
sequence, but this does not preclude repeated iterations of certain steps.
The main body of this International Standard covers the general

requirements and framework common to all energy audits that can be
supplemented by equivalent national audit standards. For auditing of specific
types of facilities, processes or equipment, refer to the relevant international,
national and local standards and guidelines, some of which are referenced in
the Bibliography.
In this International Standard, the following verbal forms are used:

shall indicates a requirement;
should indicates a recommendation;
may indicates a permission;
can indicates a possibility or a capacity.
1. Scope
This International Standard specifies the process requirements for

carrying out an energy audit in relation to energy performance. It is
applicable to all types of establishments and organizations, and all forms of
energy and energy use.
This International Standard specifies the principles of carrying out

energy audits, requirements for the common processes during energy audits,
and deliverables for energy audits.
This International Standard does not address the requirements for

selection and evaluation of the competence of bodies providing energy audit
services, and it does not cover the auditing of an organization's energy
management system, as these are described in ISO 50003.
This International Standard also provides informative guidance on its

use.
2. Normative references
There are no normative references.
3. Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions
apply.
3.1 audit objective

- purpose of an energy audit (3.3) agreed between
the organization (3.13) and the energy auditor (3.5)
3.2 boundary
- physical or site limits and/or organizational limits as defined by
the organization (3.13)
*Note 1 to entry: The boundary of an energy management system can
be different from the boundary of an energy audit (3.3).
*Note 2 to entry: The energy audit can include one or more boundaries.
EXAMPLE:
The whole site and all energy using systems; the boiler plant; the
vehicle fleet.
3.3 energy audit

- systematic analysis of energy use (3.12) and energy
consumption (3.7) within a defined energy audit scope (3.4), in
order to identify, quantify and report on the opportunities for
improved energy performance (3.10)
* Note 1 to entry: Energy audit is the normal expression in English.
There are other expressions for the same concept, e.g. diagnosi in
Italian and diagnostic in French.
3.4 energy audit scope

- extent of energy uses (3.12) and related activities to be included in
the energy audit (3.3), as defined by the organization (3.13) in
consultation with the energy auditor (3.5), which can include several
boundaries
EXAMPLE:
Organization, facility/facilities, equipment, system(s) and process(es).
*Note 1 to entry: The energy audit scope can include energy related to
transport.
3.5 energy auditor

- individual, or team of people, conducting an energy audit (3.3)
* Note 1 to entry: Energy audits can be conducted by
the organization (3.13) using internal resources or external
resources, such as energy consultants and energy service companies.
* Note 2 to entry: An energy auditor, whether internal or external,
needs to work with internal personnel relevant to the defined energy
audit scope (3.4).
[SOURCE: EN 16247-1:2012, 3.2, modified The expression group of
people or body has been deleted and substituted by or team of
people.]
3.6 energy balance

- accounting of inputs and/or generation of energy supply versus
energy outputs based on energy consumption (3.7) by energy
use(3.12)
* Note 1 to entry: Energy storage is considered within energy supply or
energy use. If included in the energy audit scope (3.4), an energy
balance needs to include energy storage and feedstock variation, as
well as wasted energy, or energy content in material flows.
* Note 2 to entry: An energy balance reconciles all energy, goods and
products that enter the system boundary (3.2) against the energy,
goods and products leaving the system boundary.
3.7 energy consumption

- quantity of energy applied
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.7]
3.8 energy efficiency

- ratio or other quantitative relationship between an output of
performance, service, goods or energy, and an input of energy
EXAMPLE:
Conversion efficiency; energy required/energy used; output/input;
theoretical energy used to operate/energy used to operate.
* Note 1 to entry: Both input and output need to be clearly specified in
quantity and quality, and be measurable.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.8]
3.9 energy flow

- description or mapping of processes for transfer of energy or
conversion of energy within the defined energy audit scope (3.4)
3.10 energy performance

- measurable results related to energy efficiency (3.8), energy
use (3.12) and energy consumption (3.7)
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.12, modified Notes 1 and 2 have been
deleted as they are specific to energy management.]
3.11 energy performance indicator EnPI

- quantitative value or measure of energy performance (3.10), as
defined by the organization (3.13)
* Note 1 to entry: EnPIs could be expressed as a simple metric, ratio or
a more complex model.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.13]
3.12 energy use
- manner or kind of application of energy
EXAMPLE:
Ventilation; lighting; heating; cooling; transportation; processes;
production lines.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.18]
3.13 organization
- company, corporation, firm, enterprise, authority or institution, or
part or combination thereof, whether incorporated or not, public or
private, that has its own functions and administration and that has the
authority to control its energy use (3.12) and consumption
* Note 1 to entry: An organization can be a person or a group of
people.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.22]
3.14 relevant variable

- quantifiable parameter impacting energy consumption (3.7)
EXAMPLE:
Ambient weather indicators; operating parameters (indoor
temperature, light level); working hours; production throughput.
ISO 50003:2014
Energy management systems -- Requirements for bodies providing

audit and certification of energy management systems
ISO 50003:2014 specifies requirements for competence, consistency and

impartiality in the auditing and certification of energy management systems
(EnMS) for bodies providing these services. In order to ensure the
effectiveness of EnMS auditing, ISO 50003:2014 addresses the auditing
process, competence requirements for personnel involved in the certification
process for energy management systems, the duration of audits and multi-
site sampling.
ISO 50003:2014 is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO/IEC

17021:2011. The requirements of ISO/IEC 17021:2011 also apply to ISO
50003:2014.
Introduction
This International Standard is intended to be used in conjunction

with ISO/IEC 17021:2011. At the time of publication of this International
Standard, ISO/IEC 17021:2011 is under revision and is to be cancelled by
replaced by ISO/IEC 17021-1. For the purposes of this International
Standard, ISO/IEC 17021:2011 and ISO/IEC 17021-1 are considered to be
equivalent. Upon publication of ISO/IEC 17021-1, all references in this
International Standard to ISO/IEC 17021:2011 will be considered to be
references to ISO/IEC 17021-1.
In addition to the requirements of ISO/IEC 17021:2011, this

International Standard specifies requirements reflecting the specific technical
area of energy management systems (EnMS) that are needed to ensure the
effectiveness of the audit and certification. In particular, this International
Standard addresses the additional requirements necessary for the audit
planning process, the initial certification audit, conducting the on-site audit,
auditor competence, duration of EnMS audits, and multi-site sampling.
Clause 4 describes the characteristics of EnMS

auditing, Clause 5 describes EnMS auditing process requirements
and Clause 6 describes competence requirements for personnel involved in
the EnMS certification process. Annexes A, B and C provide additional
information to complement ISO/IEC 17021:2011. This International Standard
deals with energy management system audits for certification purposes, but
it does not deal with energy audits whose purpose is to establish a
systematic analysis of energy consumption and energy use and which are
defined in ISO 50002.
1. Scope
This International Standard specifies requirements for competence,

consistency and impartiality in the auditing and certification of energy
management systems (EnMS) for bodies providing these services. In order to
ensure the effectiveness of EnMS auditing, this International Standard
addresses the auditing process, competence requirements for personnel
involved in the certification process for energy management systems, the
duration of audits and multi-site sampling.
This International Standard is intended to be used in conjunction

with ISO/IEC 17021:2011. The requirements of ISO/IEC 17021:2011 also
apply to this International Standard.
The following referenced documents, in whole or in part, are

normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its
application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 17021:20111, Conformity assessment Requirements for
bodies providing audit and certification of management systems
ISO 50001, Energy management systems Requirements with
guidance for use
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given
in ISO 50001 and ISO/IEC 17021:2011 and the following apply.
3.1 audit evidence

- records, statements of fact or other information which are relevant to
the audit criteria and verifiable
Note 1 to entry: Audit evidence can be qualitative or quantitative.
3.2 central office
- location or network of local offices or branches (sites) of a multi-site
organization, at which EnMS activities are fully or partially planned,
controlled or managed
Note 1 to entry: The central office is not necessarily the headquarters
or a single location.
3.3 EnMS effective personnel

- people who actively contribute to meeting the requirements of an
EnMS
Note 1 to entry: EnMS effective personnel contribute to the
requirements of the EnMS within the scope and boundaries for
establishing, implementing or maintaining energy performance
improvements.
Note 2 to entry: EnMS effective personnel impact energy performance
or the effectiveness of the EnMS and may include contractors.
Note 3 to entry: Annex A contains more information on EnMS effective
personnel.
3.4 EnMS improvement

- improvement in effectiveness of the management system
3.5 energy performance improvement

- improvement in measurable results related to energy efficiency,
energy use, or energy consumption compared to the energy baseline
Note 1 to entry: Additional information can be found in Annex C.
3.6 major nonconformity

<energy management system> nonconformity that affects the
capability of the management system to achieve the intended results
Note 1 to entry: Classifying nonconformities as major could be as
follows:
audit evidence that energy performance improvement was not
achieved;
a significant doubt that effective process control is in place;
a number of minor nonconformities associated with the same
requirements or issue could demonstrate a systemic failure and thus
constitute a major nonconformity.
3.7 site
- location with boundaries within which energy source(s), energy use(s)
and energy performance are under the control of the organization
ISO 50004:2014
Energy management systems -- Guidance for the implementation,

maintenance and improvement of an energy management system
ISO 50004:2014 provides practical guidance and examples for

establishing, implementing, maintaining and improving an energy
management system (EnMS) in accordance with the systematic approach of
ISO 50001. The guidance in ISO 50004:2014 is applicable to any
organization, regardless of its size, type, location or level of maturity.
ISO 50004:2014 does not provide guidance on how to develop an

integrated management system.
While the guidance in ISO 50004:2014 is consistent with the ISO 50001
energy management system model, it is not intended to provide
interpretations of the requirements of ISO 50001.
Introduction
This International Standard provides guidance when implementing the

requirements of an energy management system (EnMS) based
on ISO 50001 and guides the organization to take a systematic approach in
order to achieve continual improvement in energy management and energy
performance. This International Standard is not prescriptive and each
organization determines how to best approach meeting the requirements
of ISO 50001.
This International Standard provides guidance to users with varying

levels of energy management and EnMS experience, including those:
with little or no experience of energy management or management
system standards;
undertaking energy efficiency projects but with little or no EnMS
experience;
having an EnMS in place, not necessarily based on ISO 50001;
having experience with ISO 50001 and looking for additional ideas or
suggestions for improvement.
Energy management will be sustainable and most effective when it is

integrated with an organization's overall business processes (e.g. operations,
finance, quality, maintenance, human resources, procurement, health and
safety and environmental).
ISO 50001 can be integrated with other management system

standards, such as ISO 9001, ISO 14001, and OHSAS 18001. Integration can
have a positive effect on business culture, business practice, embedding
energy management into daily practice, operational efficiency and the
operating cost of the management system.
The examples and approaches presented in this International Standard

are for illustrative purposes. They are neither intended to represent the only
possibilities, nor are they necessarily suitable for every organization. In
implementing, maintaining or improving an EnMS, it is important that
organizations select approaches appropriate to their own circumstances.
This International Standard includes practical help boxes designed to

provide the user with ideas, examples and strategies for implementing an
EnMS.
Ongoing commitment and engagement by top management is

essential to the effective implementation, maintenance and improvement of
the EnMS, in order to achieve the benefits in energy performance
improvement. Top management demonstrates its commitment through
leadership actions and active involvement in the EnMS, ensuring ongoing
allocation of resources, including people to implement and sustain the EnMS
over time.
1. Scope
This International Standard provides practical guidance and examples

for establishing, implementing, maintaining and improving an energy
management system (EnMS) in accordance with the systematic approach
of ISO 50001. The guidance in this International Standard is applicable to any
organization, regardless of its size, type, location or level of maturity.
This International Standard does not provide guidance on how to

develop an integrated management system.
While the guidance in this International Standard is consistent with

the ISO 50001 energy management system model, it is not intended to
provide interpretations of the requirements of ISO 50001.
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in

this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references,
only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
guidance for use
3. Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions

in ISO 50001 and the following apply.
3.1.1 commissioning
- process by which equipment, a system, a facility or a plant that is
installed, is completed or near completion is tested to verify if it
functions according to its design specification and intended application
3.1.2 energy balance

- accounting of inputs and/or generation of energy supply versus
energy outputs based on energy consumption by energy use
Note 1 to entry: Where present, energy storage can be considered
within energy supply or energy use.
[SOURCE: ISO 50002:2014, 3.6, modified Deleted original Notes 1
and 2 to entry; added new Note 1 to entry]
3.2 Abbreviated terms
EnMS energy management system
EnPI energy performance indicator
PDCA PlanDoCheckAct
SEU significant energy use
HDD heating degree days
ISO 50006:2014
Energy management systems -- Measuring energy performance

using energy baselines (EnB) and energy performance indicators
(EnPI) -- General principles and guidance
ISO 50006:2014 provides guidance to organizations on how to

establish, use and maintain energy performance indicators (EnPIs) and
energy baselines (EnBs) as part of the process of measuring energy
performance.
The guidance in ISO 50006:2014 is applicable to any organization,

regardless of its size, type, location or level of maturity in the field of energy
management.
Introduction
This International Standard provides organizations with practical

guidance on how to meet the requirements of ISO 50001 related to the
establishment, use and maintenance of energy performance indicators
(EnPIs) and energy baselines (EnBs) in measuring energy performance and
energy performance changes. EnPIs and EnBs are two key interrelated
elements of ISO 50001 that enable the measurement, and therefore
management of energy performance in an organization. Energy performance
is a broad concept which is related to energy consumption, energy use and
energy efficiency.
In order to effectively manage the energy performance of their

facilities, systems, processes and equipment, organizations need to know
how energy is used and how much is consumed over time. An EnPI is a value
or measure that quantifies results related to energy efficiency, use and
consumption in facilities, systems, processes and equipment. Organizations
use EnPIs as a measure of their energy performance.
The EnB is a reference that characterizes and quantifies an

organization's energy performance during a specified time period. The EnB
enables an organization to assess changes in energy performance between
selected periods. The EnB is also used for calculation of energy savings, as a
reference before and after implementation of energy performance
improvement actions.
Organizations define targets for energy performance as part of the
energy planning process in their energy management systems (EnMS). The
organization needs to consider the specific energy performance targets while
identifying and designing EnPIs and EnBs. The relationship between energy
performance, EnPIs, EnBs and energy targets is illustrated in Figure 1.
This International Standard includes practical help boxes designed to

provide the user with ideas, examples and strategies for measuring energy
performance using EnPIs and EnBs.
The concepts and methods in this International Standard can also be

used by organizations that do not have an existing EnMS. For example, EnPIs
and EnBs can also be used at the facility, system, process or equipment
level, or for the evaluation of individual energy performance improvement
actions.
Ongoing commitment and engagement by top management is

essential to the effective implementation, maintenance and improvement of
the EnMS in order to achieve the benefits in energy performance
improvement. Top management demonstrates its commitment through
leadership actions and active involvement in the EnMS, ensuring ongoing
allocation of resources including people to implement and sustain the EnMS
over time.
1. Scope
This International Standard provides guidance to organizations on how

to establish, use and maintain energy performance indicators (EnPIs) and
energy baselines (EnBs) as part of the process of measuring energy
performance.
The guidance in this International Standard is applicable to any

organization, regardless of its size, type, location or level of maturity in the
field of energy management.
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively

referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the
latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
guidance for use
in ISO 50001 and the following apply.
3.1. adjustment
- process of modifying the energy baseline in order to enable energy
performance comparison under equivalent conditions between the
reporting period and the baseline period
Note 1 to entry: ISO 50001 requires adjustments to the EnB when EnPIs
no longer reflect organizational energy use and consumption, or when
there have been major changes to the process, operational patterns, or
energy systems, or according to a predetermined method.
Note 2 to entry: Typically adjustments are made to account for changes
in static factors.
Note 3 to entry: Predetermined methods typically reset the EnB at
defined intervals.
3.2. baseline period

- defined period of time used to compare energy performance with the
reporting period
3.3. boundaries
- physical or site limits and/or organizational limits as defined by the
organization
EXAMPLE:
A process; a group of processes; a site; an entire organization; multiple
sites under the control of an organization.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.1]
3.4. energy
- electricity, fuels, steam, heat, compressed air, and other like media
Note 1 to entry: For the purposes of this International Standard, energy
refers to the various forms of energy, including renewable, which can
be purchased, stored, treated, used in equipment or in a process, or
recovered.
Note 2 to entry: Energy can be defined as the capacity of a system to
produce external activity or perform work.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.5]
3.5. energy baseline EnB

- quantitative reference(s) providing a basis for comparison of energy
performance
Note 1 to entry: An energy baseline reflects a specified period of time.
Note 2 to entry: An energy baseline can be normalized using variables
which affect energy use and/or consumption, e.g. production level,
degree days (outdoor temperature), etc.
Note 3 to entry: The energy baseline is also used for calculation of
energy savings, as a reference before and after implementation of
energy performance improvement actions.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.6, modified Abbreviated term has been
added.]

- quantity of energy applied
Note 1 to entry: Energy consumption can be represented in volume and
mass flow or weight units (fuel) or converted into units that are
multiples of joules or watt-hours (e.g. GJ, kWh).
Note 2 to entry: Energy consumption is typically measured using
permanent or temporary meters. The values can be measured directly
or can be calculated over a specific period of time.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.7, modified Notes 1 and 2 to entry have
been added.]
3.7 energy efficiency

- ratio or other quantitative relationship between an output of
performance, service, goods or energy, and an input of energy
EXAMPLE:
Conversion efficiency; energy required/energy used; output/input;
theoretical energy used to operate/energy used to operate.
Note 1 to entry: Both input and output need to be clearly specified in
quantity and quality, and be measurable.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.8]

- measurable results related to energy efficiency, energy use and
energy consumption
Note 1 to entry: In the context of energy management systems, results
can be measured against the organization's energy policy, objectives,
targets and other energy performance requirements.
Note 2 to entry: Energy performance is one component of the
performance of the energy management system.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.12]

- quantitative value or measure of energy performance, as defined by
the organization
Note 1 to entry: EnPIs could be expressed as a simple metric, ratio or a
more complex model.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.13]
3.10 energy target

- detailed and quantifiable energy performance requirement, applicable
to the organization or parts thereof, that arises from the energy
objectives and that needs to be set and met in order to achieve this
objective
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.17]
3.11 energy use

- manner or kind of application of energy
EXAMPLE:
production lines.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.18]
3.12 facility
- single installation, set of installation or production processes
(stationary or mobile), which can be defined within a single
geographical boundary, organization unit or production process
[SOURCE: ISO 14064-3:2006, 2.22]
3.13 normalization
- process of routinely modifying energy data in order to account for
changes in relevant variables to compare energy performance under
equivalent conditions
Note 1 to entry: EnPIs and corresponding EnBs can be normalized.

- quantifiable factor that impacts energy performance and routinely
changes
EXAMPLE:
Production parameters (production, volume, production rate); weather
conditions (outdoor temperature, degree days); operating hours;
operating parameters (operational temperature, light level).
3.15 reporting period

- defined period of time selected for calculation and reporting of energy
performance
EXAMPLE:
The period for which an organization wants to assess changes in EnPIs
relative to the EnB period.
3.16 significant energy use SEU

- energy use accounting for substantial energy consumption and/or
offering considerable potential for energy performance improvement
Note 1 to entry: Significance criteria are determined by the
organization.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.27, modified Abbreviated term has
been added.]
3.17 static factor

- identified factor that impacts energy performance and does not
routinely change
EXAMPLE 1:
Facility size; design of installed equipment; the number of weekly
production shifts; the number or type of occupants (e.g. office
workers); range of products.
EXAMPLE 2:
A change of a static factor could be a change in a manufacturing
process raw material, from aluminium to plastic.
[SOURCE: ISO 50015:2014, 3.22, modified Examples have been
modified.]
ISO 50015:2014
Energy management systems -- Measurement and verification of

energy performance of organizations -- General principles and
guidance
ISO 50015:2014 establishes general principles and guidelines for the

process of measurement and verification (M&V) of energy performance of an
organization or its components. ISO 50015:2014 can be used independently,
or in conjunction with other standards or protocols, and can be applied to all
types of energy.
Introduction
The purpose of this International Standard is to establish a common set

of principles and guidelines to be used for measurement and verification
(M&V) of energy performance and energy performance improvement of the
organization. M&V adds value by increasing the credibility of energy
performance and energy performance improvement results. Credible results
can contribute to the pursuit of energy performance improvement.
This International Standard can be used irrespective of the type of energy
used.
This International Standard can be used in several organizational

contexts:
by organizations with or without existing energy management systems,
such as ISO 50001;
for the M&V of energy performance or energy performance
improvement;
for all or part of an organization.
This International Standard can be used by organizations of any size,

M&V practitioners, or any interested parties, in order to apply M&V to the
reporting of energy performance results. The principles and guidance in this
International Standard can be used independently or in conjunction with
other standards and protocols. The principles and guidance in this
International Standard are not required by ISO 50001, but can be applied by
organizations using ISO 50001.
This International Standard does not specify calculation methods;

rather, it establishes a common understanding of M&V and how M&V could
be applied to different calculation methods. These principles and guidelines
are applicable irrespective of the M&V method used.
Annex A provides an overview of the M&V flow that is used throughout
this International Standard.
This International Standard is one of a family of International Standards

developed by ISO/TC 242 and ISO/TC 257, on energy management and on
the evaluation of energy savings related to regions and projects. Both
ISO/TC 242 and ISO/TC 257 address organizational energy management and
energy savings.
1. Scope
This International Standard establishes general principles and

guidelines for the process of measurement and verification (M&V) of energy
performance of an organization or its components. This International
Standard can be used independently, or in conjunction with other standards
or protocols, and can be applied to all types of energy.
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 baseline period

- specific period of time used as the reference for comparing with
the reporting period (3.19)
Note 1 to entry: Use for comparing energy performance and the
calculation of the energy performance (3.9) and of the energy
performance improvement action (3.5).
3.2 consequential effect

- indirect energy effect (3.3) or non-energy effect (3.4)
3.3 indirect energy effect

- effect on organizational energy performance (3.9) beyond the
direct effect of the energy performance improvement action (3.5)
EXAMPLE:
The reduced load on the cooling system due to the improved efficiency
of the lighting system resulting in an indirect energy effect.
3.4 non-energy effect
- effect of implementing energy performance improvement
actions (3.5) that is additional to the energy impact
EXAMPLE:
As a result of the installation of a more efficient washer, less water is
needed resulting in a water non-energy effect.
Note 1 to entry: The M&V objective defines to what extent non-energy
items that result from energy performance improvement actions are
considered.
3.5 energy performance improvement action EPIA

- action or measure or group of action or measures implemented or
planned within an organization (3.17) intended to achieve energy
performance improvement (3.10) through technological, managerial
or operational, behavioural, economical, or other changes
3.6 energy
refers to the various forms of energy, including renewable, which can
recovered.
Note 2 to entry: Energy can be defined as the capacity of a system to
produce external activity or perform work.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.5]
3.7 energy baseline

performance (3.9)
Note 1 to entry: An energy baseline reflects a specified period of time.
Note 2 to entry: An energy baseline can be normalized for relevant
variables (3.18) which affect energy use (3.12) and/or energy
consumption (3.8), e.g. production level, degree days (outdoor
temperature), etc.
Note 3 to entry: The energy baseline is also used for calculation of
energy savings, as a reference before and after implementation
of energy performance improvement actions (3.5).
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.6]

- quantity of energy (3.6) applied
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.7]

- measureable results related to energy efficiency, energy
Note 1 to entry: In the context of energy management systems, results
can be measured against the organization's (3.17) energy policy,
objectives, targets and other energy performance requirements.
Note 2 to entry: Energy performance is one component of the
performance of the energy management system.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.12]
3.10 energy performance improvement

- improvement in measurable results related to energy
efficiency, energy use (3.12) or energy
consumption (3.8) compared to the energy baseline (3.7)

- quantitative value or measure of energy performance (3.9), as
defined by the organization (3.17)
Note 1 to entry: EnPIs (3.11) could be expressed as a simple metric,
ratio or a more complex model.
Note 2 to entry: For the purposes of this International Standard, a
quantitative value or measure of energy performance developed by
the M&V practitioner (3.15) is referred to as an energy performance
metric.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.13, modified Added Note 2 to entry.]
3.12 energy use

- manner or kind of application of energy (3.6)
EXAMPLE:
production lines.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.18]
3.13 measurement and verification M&V

- process of planning, measuring, collecting data, analysing, verifying,
and reporting energy performance (3.9) or energy performance
improvement (3.10) for defined M&V boundaries (3.14)
3.14 M&V boundary

- organizational, physical, site, facility, equipment, systems, process or
activity limits within which energy performance (3.9) or energy
performance improvement (3.10) is measured and verified
3.15 M&V practitioner

- individual or team that performs measurement and
verification (3.13)
Note 1 to entry: The Spanish equivalent is profesional en M&V or
experto en M&V.
3.16 non-routine adjustment

- adjustment made to the energy baseline (3.7) to account for
unusual changes in relevant variables (3.18) or static
factors (3.22), outside the changes accounted for by routine
adjustment (3.20)
Note 1 to entry: Non-routine adjustments may apply where the energy
baseline no longer reflects current energy use (3.12) or energy
consumption (3.8) patterns, or there have been major changes to the
process, operational patterns, or energy systems.
3.17 organization
- company, corporation, firm enterprise, authority or institution, or part
or combination thereof, whether incorporated or not, public or private,
that has its own functions and administration and that has the
authority to control its energy use (3.12) and energy
consumption (3.8)
Note 1 to entry: An organization can be a person or a group of people.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.22]

- quantifiable factor that impacts energy performance (3.8) and
routinely changes
EXAMPLE:
Weather conditions; operating conditions (indoor temperature, light
level); working hours; production throughput.
3.19 reporting period report period

- defined period of time selected for calculation and reporting
of energy performance (3.9)
3.20 routine adjustment

changes in relevant variables (3.18) according to a predetermined
method
Note 1 to entry: ISO 50001 uses the term predetermined method to
refer to this concept.
3.21 significant energy use

- energy use (3.12) accounting for substantial energy
consumption (3.8) and/or offering considerable potential for energy
performance improvement (3.10)
Note 1 to entry: Significance criteria are determined by
the organization (3.17) or the M&V practitioner (3.15).
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.27, modified Added or the M&V
practitioner to Note 1 to entry.]
3.22 static factor

- identified factor that impacts energy performance (3.9) and does
not routinely change
EXAMPLE 1:
Facility size; design of installed equipment; the number of weekly
production shifts; the number or type of occupants, range of products.
EXAMPLE 2:
A change in a static factor could be a change in a manufacturing
process raw material, from aluminium to plastic, and can lead to
a non-routine adjustment (3.16).
ISO 50047:2016
Energy savings -- Determination of energy savings in organizations
ISO 50047:2016 describes approaches for the determination of energy

savings in organizations. It can be used by all organizations, whether or not
they have an energy management system, such as ISO 50001.
ISO 50047:2016 addresses the following topics in the context of energy

savings:
establishing the purpose of determining energy savings;
determining boundaries;
energy accounting, including primary and delivered energy and the use
of common energy units;
selecting an approach for the determination of energy savings;
establishing an energy baseline;
normalization of energy consumption;
determination of energy savings;
reporting and other matters.
Specific methods for the measurement and verification of energy

performance and its improvement are outside the scope of ISO 50047:2016.
Introduction
This International Standard describes approaches for determining

energy savings based on one of the following two approaches:
a) an organization-based approach, i.e. a change in the amount of energy
consumed by the organization, as measured within the organizational
boundaries;
b) an EPIA-based approach, i.e. aggregating energy savings from energy
performance improvement actions (EPIAs) measured within the
organizational boundaries.
Both approaches compare energy consumption for a defined period of

time, the energy consumption in a baseline period and a reporting period of
equivalent length. Guidance is given on reconciliation between the two
approaches.
This International Standard also considers the following in the context of
energy savings:
the use of primary and delivered energy;
methods for normalizing energy consumption;
methods for aggregating energy savings from different types of energy.
The flowchart in Annex A shows the process for determining energy
savings using this International Standard.
This International Standard is designed to be broadly consistent with

the overall framework for the determination and reporting of energy savings
in projects, organizations and regions set out in ISO 17743, as well as with
the principles and guidelines given in ISO 50015 on the measurement and
verification of energy performance of organizations.
1. Scope
This International Standard describes approaches for the determination

of energy savings in organizations. It can be used by all organizations,
whether or not they have an energy management system, such
as ISO 50001.
This International Standard addresses the following topics in the

context of energy savings:
establishing the purpose of determining energy savings;
determining boundaries;
energy accounting, including primary and delivered energy and the use
of common energy units;
selecting an approach for the determination of energy savings;
establishing an energy baseline;
normalization of energy consumption;
determination of energy savings;
reporting and other matters.
Specific methods for the measurement and verification of energy

performance and its improvement are outside the scope of this International
Standard.
NOTE ISO 50015 establishes general principles and guidelines for the process
of measurement and verification of energy performance of an organization or
its components.

3.1 baseline period

- defined period of time selected as the reference for the determination
of energy savings
3.2 boundary
- physical or site limit and/or organizational limit as defined by
the organization (3.16)
Note 1 to entry: The boundaries of the organization could be different
from the boundaries used for the determination of energy savings.
Note 2 to entry: The determination of energy savings can include one
or more boundaries, e.g. of one or more energy performance
improvement actions (3.10), or of parts of the organization.
EXAMPLE:
Equipment; a system; a process; a group of processes; a room; a
building; a site; an entire organization; multiple sites under the control
of an organization.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.1, modified The term has been
changed from the plural (boundaries) to the singular (boundary)
and the definition has been modified accordingly; Notes 1 and 2 to
entry have been added and additional examples have been included.]
3.3 delivered energy

- energy (3.5) arriving at the boundaries (3.2) of
an organization (3.16)
Note 1 to entry: Delivered energy includes primary
energy (3.17) produced (e.g. oil from a well) or renewable energy
generated onsite (e.g. electricity from photovoltaic panels).
3.4 double counting

- summing the individual energy savings from two or more energy
performance improvement actions (3.10) when they influence
the energy consumption (3.8) of each other either positively or
negatively
Note 1 to entry: In cases where there are interactive effects between
the energy performance improvement actions (EPIAs), the energy
savings due to the combined effect of these EPIAs may be different
from the sum of the energy savings from the individual EPIAs.
3.5 energy
refers to the various types of energy, including renewable, which can
recovered.
Note 2 to entry: In other contexts, energy can be defined as the
capacity of a system to produce external activity or perform work.
Note 3 to entry: Examples of other like media include hot water, and
intermediate products or by-products, such as biogas or coke oven gas.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.5, modified Notes 1 and 2 to entry
have been modified and Note 3 to entry has been added.]
3.6 energy accounting

- system of rules, methods, techniques and conventions used to
measure, analyse and report energy consumption (3.8)
3.7 energy baseline

performance (3.9)
Note 1 to entry: An energy baseline usually reflects a specified period
of time.
Note 2 to entry: An energy baseline can be normalized using relevant
variables (3.18) impacting energy use (3.11) and/or energy
consumption (3.8), e.g. production level, degree days (outdoor
temperature).
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.6, modified Note 2 to entry has been
modified and the original Note 3 to entry has been deleted.]

- quantity of energy (3.5) applied
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.7]

- measurable results related to energy efficiency, energy
Note 1 to entry: In this International Standard, energy performance
generally refers to energy consumption only.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.12, modified The original Notes 1 and
2 to entry have been deleted because they were specific to energy
management, and a new Note 1 entry has been added.]
3.10 energy performance improvement action EPIA

- action or measure or group of actions or measures implemented or
planned within an organization (3.16) intended to achieve energy
performance improvement through technological, managerial or
operational, behavioural, economic, or other changes
[SOURCE: ISO 50015:2014, 3.5, modified The word economical has
been replaced by economic.]
3.11 energy use
- manner or kind of application of energy (3.5)
EXAMPLE:
production lines.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.18]
3.12 energy using system

- physical items with defined boundaries (3.2) using energy (3.5)
EXAMPLE:
Facility; building; part of a building; machine; equipment; product.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1:2015, 3.1.9, modified The word system
has been deleted from system boundaries.]
3.13 indirect energy effect

- effect on organizational energy performance (3.9) beyond the
direct effect of an individual energy performance improvement
action(3.10)
[SOURCE: ISO 50015:2014, 3.3, modified The words the energy
performance improvement action have been replaced by an
individual energy performance improvement action and the original
example has been deleted.]
3.14 non-routine adjustment

unusual changes in relevant variables (3.18) or static
factors (3.20), outside the changes accounted for
by normalization (3.15)
Note 1 to entry: Non-routine adjustments may apply where the energy
baseline no longer reflects energy use (3.11) or energy
consumption (3.8) patterns, or there have been major changes to the
process, operational patterns, or energy using systems (3.12).
Note 2 to entry: For routine adjustments, normalization is used.
Note 3 to entry: Non-routine adjustments are needed when a change in
static factors occurs after the baseline period (3.1).
[SOURCE: ISO 50015:2014, 3.16 modified The words routine
adjustment have been replaced by normalization in the definition
and Notes 2 and 3 to entry have been added.]
3.15 normalization
- process of routinely modifying energy data in order to account for
changes in relevant variables (3.18) to compare energy
performance (3.9) under equivalent conditions
[SOURCE: ISO 50006:2014, 3.13, modified Note 1 to entry has been
deleted.]
3.16 organization
- company, corporation, firm, enterprise, authority or institution, or
part or combination thereof, whether incorporated or not, public or
private, that has its own functions and administration and that has the
authority to control its energy use (3.11) and energy
consumption (3.8)
Note 1 to entry: An organization can be a person or a group of people.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.22, modified The word energy has
been added before consumption.]
3.17 primary energy

- energy (3.5) that has not been subjected to any conversion or
transformation process
Note 1 to entry: Primary energy can be either a non-renewable or a
renewable energy, or a combination of both.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1:2015, 3.1.6, modified The words energy
conversion have been replaced by any conversion or transformation
process.]

- quantifiable factor that impacts energy performance (3.9) and
routinely changes
EXAMPLE:
Production parameters (production volume, production rate); weather
conditions (outdoor temperature, degree days); operating hours;
operating parameters (operational temperature, light level).
[SOURCE: ISO 50006:2014, 3.14]
3.19 reporting period

- defined period of time selected for the determination of energy
savings
3.20 static factor

- identified factor that impacts energy performance (3.9) and does
not routinely change
EXAMPLE 1:
A static factor can be a change in energy using
systems (3.12) (design of installed equipment, range of products,
building), or a change in organization (e.g. outsourcing or insourcing of
activities, sale of subsidiary companies) or a change in the number or
type of building occupants (e.g. office workers).
EXAMPLE 2:
A change of a static factor could be a change in a manufacturing
process raw material, from aluminium to plastic.
EXAMPLE 3:
Changes to operational patterns, such as the number of weekly
production shifts, or the number of working days in a supermarket
chain.
[SOURCE: ISO 50006:2014, 3.17, modified Example 1 has been
modified and Example 3 has been added.]
ISO 55000:2014
Asset management -- Overview, principles and terminology
ISO 55000:2014 provides an overview of asset management, its

principles and terminology, and the expected benefits from adopting asset
management.
ISO 55000:2014 can be applied to all types of assets and by all types and
sizes of organizations.
Purpose
This International Standard provides an overview of asset management
and asset management systems (i.e. management systems for the
management of assets). It also provides the context
for ISO 55001 and ISO 55002.
International cooperation in the preparation of these standards has

identified common practices that can be applied to the broadest range of
assets, in the broadest range of organizations, across the broadest range of
cultures.
Relationship with other standards

ISO 55001, ISO 55002 and this International Standard relate to a
management system for asset management, which is referred to as an
asset management system throughout the three standards.
ISO 55001, ISO 55002 and this International Standard can be used in
combination with any relevant sector or asset type-specific asset
management standards and technical specifications. ISO 55001 specifies
requirements for an asset management system, while the other standards
detail sector-specific, asset-specific or activity-specific technical
requirements or give guidance on how ISO 55001 should be interpreted and
applied within a specific sector or to particular asset types.
Target audience
This International Standard is primarily intended for use by:
those considering how to improve the realization of value for their
organization from their asset base
those involved in the establishment, implementation, maintenance and
improvement of an asset management system
those involved in the planning, design, implementation and review of
asset management activities; along with service providers.
Benefits of the standards

The adoption of ISO 55001, ISO 55002 and this International Standard
enables an organization to achieve its objectives through the effective and
efficient management of its assets. The application of an asset management
system provides assurance that those objectives can be achieved
consistently and sustainably over time.
Annex A provides additional information on areas related to asset
management activities.
Annex B shows the relationship between key elements of an asset
management system.
1. Scope
This International Standard provides an overview of asset

management, its principles and terminology, and the expected benefits from
adopting asset management.
This International Standard can be applied to all types of assets and by

all types and sizes of organizations.
NOTE 1 This International Standard is intended to be used for managing
physical assets in particular, but it can also be applied to other asset types.
NOTE 2 This International Standard does not provide financial, accounting or
technical guidance for managing specific asset types.
NOTE 3 For the purposes of ISO 55001, ISO 55002 and this International
Standard, the term asset management system is used to refer to a
management system for asset management.
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 General terms
3.1.1 audit
- systematic, independent and documented process (3.1.19) for
obtaining audit evidence and evaluating it objectively to determine the
extent to which the audit criteria are fulfilled
Note 1 to entry: An audit can be an internal audit (first party) or an
external audit (second party or third party), and it can be a combined
or integrated audit (combining two or more disciplines).
Note 2 to entry: Audit evidence and audit criteria are defined in
ISO 19011.
3.1.2 capability
<asset management> measure of capacity and the ability of an
entity (system, person or organization (3.1.13)) to achieve
its objectives (3.1.12)
Note 1 to entry: Asset management (3.3.1) capabilities
include processes (3.1.19), resources, competences (3.1.3) and
technologies to enable the effective and efficient development and
delivery of asset management plans (3.3.2) and asset
life (3.2.2) activities, and their continual improvement (3.1.5).
3.1.3 competence
- ability to apply knowledge and skills to achieve intended results
3.1.4 conformity
- fulfilment of a requirement (3.1.20)
3.1.5 continual improvement

- recurring activity to enhance performance (3.1.17)
3.1.6 documented information

- information required to be controlled and maintained by
an organization (3.1.13) and the medium on which it is contained
Note 1 to entry: Documented information can be in any format and
media and from any source.
Note 2 to entry: Documented information can refer to:
the management system (3.4.2), including
related processes (3.1.19);
information created in order for the organization to operate
(documentation);
evidence of results achieved (e.g. records, key performance
indicators).
3.1.7 effectiveness
- extent to which planned activities are realized and planned results
achieved
3.1.8 incident
- unplanned event or occurrence resulting in damage or other loss
3.1.9 monitoring
- determining the status of a system, a process (3.1.19) or an activity
Note 1 to entry: To determine the status, there may be a need to
check, supervise or critically observe.
Note 2 to entry: For the purposes of asset management, monitoring
may also refer to determining the status of an asset. This is typically
referred to as condition monitoring or performance monitoring.
3.1.10 measurement process (3.1.19)
- to determine a value
3.1.11 nonconformity
- non-fulfilment of a requirement (3.1.20)
Note 1 to entry: Nonconformity can be any deviation from
asset management system (3.4.2) requirements, or from relevant
work standards, practices, procedures, legal requirements, etc.
3.1.12 objective
- result to be achieved
Note 1 to entry: An objective can be strategic, tactical or operational.
Note 2 to entry: Objectives can relate to different disciplines (such as
financial, health and safety, and environmental goals) and can apply at
different levels (such as strategic, organization-wide, project, product
and process (3.1.19)).
Note 3 to entry: An objective can be expressed in other ways, e.g. as
an intended outcome, a purpose, an operational criterion, an asset
management (3.3.1) objective or by the use of other words with
similar meaning (e.g. aim, goal, or target).
Note 4 to entry: In the context of asset management
systems (3.4.3), asset management objectives are set by
the organization(3.1.13), consistent with the organizational
objectives (3.1.14) and asset management policy (3.1.18), to
achieve specific measurable results.
3.1.13 organization
- person or group of people that has its own functions with
responsibilities, authorities and relationships to achieve
its objectives (3.1.12)
Note 1 to entry: The concept of organization includes, but is not limited
to, sole-trader, company, corporation, firm, enterprise, authority,
partnership, charity or institution, or part or combination thereof,
whether incorporated or not, public or private.
3.1.14 organizational objective

- overarching objective (3.1.12) that sets the context and direction for
an organization's (3.1.13) activities
Note 1 to entry: Organizational objectives are established through the
strategic level planning activities of the organization.
3.1.15 organizational plan

- documented information (3.1.6) that specifies the programmes to
achieve the organizational objectives (3.1.14)
3.1.16 outsource (verb)
- make an arrangement where an
external organization (3.1.13) performs part of an organizations
function or process (3.1.19)
Note 1 to entry: An external organization is outside the scope of
the management system (3.4.2), although the outsourced function
or process is within the scope if its activities influence the effectiveness
of the asset management system (3.4.3).
3.1.17 performance
- measureable result
Note 1 to entry: Performance can relate either to quantitative or
qualitative findings.
Note 2 to entry: Performance can relate to the management of
activities, processes (3.1.19), products (including services), systems
or organizations (3.1.13).
Note 3 to entry: For the purposes of asset management (3.3.1),
performance can relate to assets (3.2.1) in their ability to
fulfil requirements (3.1.20) or objectives (3.1.12).
3.1.18 policy
- intentions and direction of an organization (3.1.13) as formally
expressed by its top management (3.1.23)
3.1.19 process
- set of interrelated or interacting activities which transforms inputs
into outputs
3.1.20 requirement
- need or expectation that is stated, generally implied or obligatory
Note 1 to entry: Generally implied means that it is custom or
common practice for
the organization (3.1.13) and stakeholders(3.1.22) that the need or
expectation under consideration is implied.
Note 2 to entry: A specified requirement is one that is stated, for
example in documented information (3.1.6).
3.1.21 risk
- effect of uncertainty on objectives (3.1.12)
Note 1 to entry: An effect is a deviation from the expected positive
and/or negative.
Note 2 to entry: Objectives can relate to different disciplines (such as
financial, health and safety, and environmental goals) and can apply at
different levels (such as strategic, organization-wide, project, product
and process (3.1.19)).
Note 3 to entry: Risk is often characterized by reference to potential
events (as defined in ISO Guide 73:2009, 3.5.1.3) and
consequences (as defined in ISO Guide 73:2009, 3.6.1.3), or a
combination of these.
Note 4 to entry: Risk is often expressed in terms of a combination of
the consequences of an event (including changes in circumstances)
and the associated likelihood (ISO Guide 73:2009, 3.6.1.1) of
occurrence.
Note 5 to entry: Uncertainty is the state, even partial, of deficiency of
information related to, understanding or knowledge of, an event, its
consequence, or likelihood.
[SOURCE: ISO Guide 73:2009, 1.1]
3.1.22 stakeholder
- person or organization (3.1.13) that can affect, be affected by, or
perceive themselves to be affected by a decision or activity
Note 1 to entry: A stakeholder can also be referred to as an
interested party.
3.1.23 top management

- person or group of people who directs and controls
an organization (3.1.13) at the highest level
Note 1 to entry: Top management has the power to delegate authority
and provide resources within the organization.
Note 2 to entry: If the scope of the management
system (3.4.2) covers only part of an organization, then top
management refers to those who direct and control that part of the
organization. If multiple asset management systems (3.4.3) are
employed, the systems should be designed to coordinate efforts.
3.2 Terms relating to assets
3.2.1 asset
item, thing or entity that has potential or actual value to
an organization (3.1.13)
Note 1 to entry: Value can be tangible or intangible, financial or non-financial,
and includes consideration of risks (3.1.21) and liabilities. It can be positive
or negative at different stages of the asset life (3.2.2).
Note 2 to entry: Physical assets usually refer to equipment, inventory and
properties owned by the organization. Physical assets are the opposite of
intangible assets, which are non-physical assets such as leases, brands,
digital assets, use rights, licences, intellectual property rights, reputation or
agreements.
Note 3 to entry: A grouping of assets referred to as an asset
system (3.2.5) could also be considered as an asset.
3.2.2 asset life
period from asset (3.2.1) creation to asset end-of-life
3.2.3 life cycle

stages involved in the management of an asset (3.2.1)
Note 1 to entry: The naming and number of the stages and the activities
under each stage usually vary in different industry sectors and are
determined by the organization (3.1.13).
3.2.4 asset portfolio

assets (3.2.1) that are within the scope of the asset management
system (3.4.3)
Note 1 to entry: A portfolio is typically established and assigned for
managerial control purposes. Portfolios for physical hardware might be
defined by category (e.g. plant, equipment, tools, land). Software portfolios
might be defined by software publisher, or by platform (e.g. PC, server,
mainframe).
Note 2 to entry: An asset management system can encompass multiple asset
portfolios. Where multiple asset portfolios and asset management systems
are employed, asset management (3.3.1) activities should be coordinated
between the portfolios and systems.
3.2.5 asset system

set of assets (3.2.1) that interact or are interrelated
3.2.6 asset type

grouping of assets (3.2.1) having common characteristics that distinguish
those assets as a group or class
EXAMPLE:
Physical assets, information assets, intangible assets, critical
assets (3.2.7), enabling assets, linear assets, information and
communications technology (ICT) assets, infrastructure assets, moveable
assets.
3.2.7 critical asset

asset (3.2.1) having potential to significantly impact on the achievement of
the organizations (3.1.13)objectives (3.1.12)
Note 1 to entry: Assets can be safety-critical, environment-critical
or performance-critical (3.1.17) and can relate to legal, regulatory or
statutory requirements (3.1.20).
Note 2 to entry: Critical assets can refer to those assets necessary to provide
services to critical customers.
Note 3 to entry: Asset systems (3.2.5) can be distinguished as being critical
in a similar manner to individual assets.
3.3 Terms relating to asset management
3.3.1 asset management

coordinated activity of an organization (3.1.13) to realize value
from assets (3.2.1)
Note 1 to entry: Realization of value will normally involve a balancing of
costs, risks (3.1.21), opportunities and performance (3.1.17) benefits.
Note 2 to entry: Activity can also refer to the application of the elements of
the asset management system (3.4.3).
Note 3 to entry: The term activity has a broad meaning and can include, for
example, the approach, the planning, the plans and their implementation.
3.3.2 strategic asset management plan SAMP

documented information (3.1.6) that specifies how organizational
objectives (3.1.14) are to be converted into asset
management(3.3.1)objectives (3.1.12), the approach for developing asset
management plans (3.3.3), and the role of the asset management
system (3.4.3) in supporting achievement of the asset management
objectives
Note 1 to entry: A strategic asset management plan is derived from
the organizational plan (3.1.15).
Note 2 to entry: A strategic asset management plan may be contained in, or
may be a subsidiary plan of, the organizational plan.
3.3.3 asset management plan documented information (3.1.6) that

specifies the activities, resources and timescales required for an
individual asset (3.2.1), or a grouping of assets, to achieve
the organizations (3.1.13)asset management (3.3.1)objectives (3.1.12)
Note 1 to entry: The grouping of assets may be by asset
type (3.2.6), asset class, asset system (3.2.5) or asset portfolio (3.2.4).
Note 2 to entry: An asset management plan is derived from the strategic
asset management plan (3.3.2).
Note 3 to entry: An asset management plan may be contained in, or may be
a subsidiary plan of, the strategic asset management plan.
3.3.4 preventive action

action to eliminate the cause of a potential nonconformity (3.1.11) or other
undesirable potential situation
Note 1 to entry: This definition is specific to asset
management (3.3.1) activities only.
Note 2 to entry: There can be more than one cause for a potential
nonconformity.
Note 3 to entry: Preventive action is taken to prevent occurrence and to
preserve an assets (3.2.1) function, whereas corrective action (3.4.1) is
taken to prevent recurrence.
Note 4 to entry: Preventive action is normally carried out while the asset is
functionally available and operable or prior to the initiation of functional
failure.
Note 5 to entry: Preventive action includes the replenishment of
consumables where the consumption is a functional requirement(3.1.19).
[SOURCE: ISO 9000:2005, 3.6.4, modified Note 3 to entry has been
modified; Notes 1, 4 and 5 have been added]
3.3.5 predictive action

action to monitor the condition of an asset (3.2.1) and predict the need
for preventive action (3.3.4) or corrective action (3.4.1)
Note 1 to entry: Predictive action is also commonly referred to as either
condition monitoring or performance monitoring.
3.3.6 level of service

parameters, or combination of parameters, which reflect social, political,
environmental and economic outcomes that
the organization(3.1.13) delivers
Note 1 to entry: The parameters can include safety, customer satisfaction,
quality, quantity, capacity, reliability, responsiveness, environmental
acceptability, cost and availability.
3.4 Terms relating to asset management system
3.4.1 corrective action

action to eliminate the cause of a nonconformity (3.1.11) and to prevent
recurrence
Note 1 to entry: In the case of other undesirable outcomes, action is
necessary to minimize or eliminate the causes and to reduce the impact or
prevent recurrence. Such actions fall outside the concept of corrective action,
in the sense of this definition.
3.4.2 management system

set of interrelated or interacting elements of an organization (3.1.13) to
establish policies (3.1.18) and objectives (3.1.12) and processes (3.1.19)
to achieve those objectives
Note 1 to entry: A management system can address a single discipline or
several disciplines.
Note 2 to entry: The system elements include the organizations structure,
roles and responsibilities, planning, operation, etc.
Note 3 to entry: The scope of a management system may include the whole
of the organization, specific and identified functions of the organization,
specific and identified sections of the organization, or one or more functions
across a group of organizations.
3.4.3 asset management system

management system (3.4.2) for asset management (3.3.1) whose
function is to establish the asset management policy (3.1.18) and asset
management objectives (3.1.12)
Note 1 to entry: The asset management system is a subset of asset
management.
ISO 55001:2014
Asset management -- Management systems -- Requirements
ISO 55001:2014 specifies requirements for an asset management

system within the context of the organization.
ISO 55001:2014 can be applied to all types of assets and by all types
and sizes of organizations.
Introduction
This International Standard specifies the requirements for the

establishment, implementation, maintenance and improvement of a
management system for asset management, referred to as an asset
management system.
This International Standard can be used by any organization. The

organization determines to which of its assets this International Standard
applies.
This International Standard is primarily intended for use by:

improvement of an asset management system;
those involved in delivering asset management activities and service
providers;
internal and external parties to assess the organizations ability to
meet legal, regulatory and contractual requirements and the
organizations own requirements.
The order in which requirements are presented in this International

Standard does not reflect their importance or imply the order in which they
are to be implemented.
Further guidance regarding the application of the requirements within

this International Standard is provided in ISO 55002.
General information on asset management, and information on the

terminology applicable to this International Standard, is provided
in ISO 55000. Organizations can find that consideration of the principles will
assist the development of asset management in their organization.
This International Standard applies the definition of risk given
in ISO 31000:2009 and ISO Guide 73:2009. In addition, it uses the term
stakeholder rather than interested party.
This International Standard is designed to enable an organization to

align and integrate its asset management system with related management
system requirements.
1. Scope
This International Standard specifies requirements for an asset

management system within the context of the organization.
NOTE 1 This International Standard is intended to be used for managing
NOTE 2 This International Standard does not specify financial, accounting or
technical requirements for managing specific asset types.
NOTE 3 For the purposes of ISO 55000, ISO 55002 and this International
2. Normative reference
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively

referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the
latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
ISO 55000:2014, Asset management Overview, principles and
terminology
in ISO 55000 apply.
ISO 55002:2014
Asset management -- Management systems -- Guidelines for the

application of ISO 55001
ISO 55002:2014 provides guidance for the application of an asset

management system, in accordance with the requirements of ISO 55001.
ISO 55002:2014 can be applied to all types of assets and by all types
and sizes of organizations.
Introduction
This International Standard provides guidance for the application of a

management system for asset management, referred to as an asset
management system, in accordance with the requirements of ISO 55001.
This International Standard contains explanatory text necessary to

clarify the requirements specified in ISO 55001 and provides examples to
support implementation. It does not provide guidance for managing specific
asset types.
This International Standard provides guidance for use by:

improvement of an asset management system;
those involved in delivering asset management activities and service
providers.
General information on asset management, and information on the

terminology applicable to this International Standard, is provided
in ISO 55000.
Annex B shows the relationship between key elements of an asset
management system.
1. Scope
This International Standard provides guidance for the application of an

asset management system, in accordance with the requirements
of ISO 55001.
NOTE 1.This International Standard is intended to be used for managing
NOTE 2.This International Standard does not provide financial, accounting or
technical guidance for managing specific asset types.
NOTE 3.For the purposes of ISO 55000, ISO 55001 and this International
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in

this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references,
only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 55000:2014, Asset management Overview, principles and
terminology
ISO 55001:2014, Asset management Management systems
Requirements
3.Terms and definitions
in ISO 55000 apply.

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ISO 50000 Series

Using energy efficiently helps organizations save money as well as

ISO 50001 What is it?

ISO 50001 gives organizations the requirements for energy management

ISO 50001 will establish a framework for industrial plants; commercial,

ISO 50001 Why is it important?

In addition to the economic costs of energy to an organization, energy can

Individual organizations cannot control energy prices, government policies or

ISO 50001 is based on the management system model that is already

ISO 50001 What will it do?

The standard is intended to provide organizations with a recognized

The standard is intended to accomplish the following:

In particular, ISO 50001 follows the Plan-Do-Check-Act process for continual

These characteristics enable organizations to integrate energy management

ISO 50001 can be implemented individually or integrated with other

ISO 50001 Who can it benefit?

ISO 50001 To certify or not?

Alternatives to independent (third party) certification are to invite the

Energy Management System

ISO 50001 is based on the management system model of continual

ISO 50001:2011 provides a framework of requirements for organizations to:

Develop a policy for more efficient use of energy

ISO 50001:2011 specifies requirements for establishing, implementing,

ISO 50001:2011 specifies requirements applicable to energy use and

ISO 50001:2011 applies to all variables affecting energy performance that

ISO 50001:2011 is applicable to any organization wishing to ensure that it

This International Standard specifies requirements of an energy

Energy audits -- Requirements with guidance for use

ISO 50002:2014 specifies the process requirements for carrying out an

ISO 50002:2014 specifies the principles of carrying out energy audits,

ISO 50002:2014 also provides informative guidance on its use.

The purpose of this International Standard is to define the minimum set

An energy audit comprises a detailed analysis of the energy

An energy audit can support an energy review and can facilitate

This International Standard allows for differences in approach and in

The main body of this International Standard covers the general

In this International Standard, the following verbal forms are used:

This International Standard specifies the process requirements for

This International Standard specifies the principles of carrying out

This International Standard does not address the requirements for

This International Standard also provides informative guidance on its

There are no normative references.

3. Terms and definitions

3.1 audit objective

3.3 energy audit

3.4 energy audit scope

3.5 energy auditor

3.6 energy balance

3.7 energy consumption

3.8 energy efficiency

3.9 energy flow

3.10 energy performance

3.11 energy performance indicator EnPI

3.14 relevant variable

Energy management systems -- Requirements for bodies providing

ISO 50003:2014 specifies requirements for competence, consistency and

ISO 50003:2014 is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO/IEC

This International Standard is intended to be used in conjunction

In addition to the requirements of ISO/IEC 17021:2011, this

Clause 4 describes the characteristics of EnMS

This International Standard specifies requirements for competence,

This International Standard is intended to be used in conjunction

The following referenced documents, in whole or in part, are

3. Terms and definitions