Xray Generator 193245

October 2001
X-ray Generators
The x-ray generator control panel allows the selec-
Scope of this Product Comparison tion of technique factors for different radiographic,
R/F, and tomographic procedures. The control panel
This Product Comparison covers x-ray gener-
also operates auxiliary devices such as film changers,
ators designed for use as part of general-purpose
photospot cameras, and automatic exposure controls
radiographic, radiographic/fluoroscopic (R/F), to-
(AECs).
mographic, angiographic/interventional R/F, and
cardiac catheterization R/F imaging systems. For
related information, see the following Product
Comparisons:
Radiographic Quality Control Devices, X-ray
Generator
Radiographic Systems, Film; Digital
Radiographic/Fluoroscopic Systems, Angiog-
raphic/Interventional; Cardiovascular
Radiographic/Fluoroscopic Systems, General-
Purpose; Cameras, Radiographic Photospot
Radiographic/Tomographic Systems, Linear
UMDNS information
This Product Comparison covers the following de-
vice term and product code as listed in ECRIs
Universal Medical Device Nomenclature System
(UMDNS):
X-ray Generators [16-602]
Purpose
X-ray generators modify incoming voltage and cur-
rent to provide an x-ray tube with the power needed to
produce an x-ray beam of the desired peak kilovoltage
(kVp) and current (mA). The generator supplies con-
tinuous power to the x-ray tube for fluoroscopic exami-
nations, and its switching and timing devices ensure Microprocessor-controlled, high-frequency x-ray
proper timing for discrete radiographic exposures. generator
193245 5200 Butler Pike, Plymouth Meeting, PA 19462-1298, USA

424-010 Telephone +1 (610) 825-6000 Fax +1 (610) 834-1275 E-mail hpcs@ecri.org
Healthcare Product Comparison System
secondary coil contains more turns than the primary

coil. Conversely, in a step-down transformer, voltage
Line Voltage Control Panel decreases and current increases in the secondary cir-
cuit because the primary coil contains more turns than
kV Selector the secondary coil.
Autotransformer Timer Controls
In the transformer assembly, one circuit containing
mA Selector a step-up transformer supplies the high voltage to the
x-ray tube; another circuit containing a step-down
transformer supplies power to heat the filament of the
x-ray tube. An autotransformer, a specialized type of
Transformer Assembly
variable transformer that includes a single coil of wire
wrapped around an iron core, supplies the voltage for
High-Voltage these two circuits and provides a location for the kVp
Circuit Filament
Circuit meter, which indicates the voltage applied across the
Timer Circuit x-ray tube.
C156UN1A Rectification
X-ray Tube Rectifiers in the transformer assembly convert AC
into the direct current (DC) required by the x-ray tube
Figure 1. X-ray generator components (see Fig. 2). A rectifier restricts current flow in an x-ray
tube to one direction (from cathode to anode), thereby
preventing damage to the x-ray tube filament. There
Principles of operation are two types of rectification half wave and full
wave; all x-ray generators listed in the chart use full-
The major components of an x-ray generator are the
wave rectification. Typically, in half-wave rectifica-
control panel and the transformer assembly (see Fig.
tion, two rectifiers are connected in series with the
1). The control panel permits the selection of technique
x-ray tube, with one on either side. As a result, elec-
factors for radiographic or fluoroscopic examinations
trons can flow from cathode to anode during the first
and the initiation of radiographic exposures. The
half of each AC cycle but are blocked during the second
transformer assembly contains transformers, rectifi-
half-cycle. In full-wave rectification, two pairs of rec-
ers, and three major circuits the high-voltage cir-
tifiers are configured to operate alternately, and elec-
cuit, the filament circuit, and the timer circuit that
trons flow from cathode to anode during both halves of
supply the x-ray tube with the necessary power to
the AC cycle in a pulsating current. While both vac-
produce an x-ray beam of the desired voltage, current,
uum-tube and solid-state rectifiers are available, solid-
and duration.
state silicon rectifiers are now most widely used.
Transformers modify the voltage of incoming alter-
nating-current (AC) electrical signals to increase or Depending on the rectifiers and components in-
decrease the voltage in a circuit. A simple transformer cluded in the high-voltage circuit, the secondary volt-
consists of two wire coils, called primary and secondary age waveform presented to the x-ray tube can be single
coils, which are wrapped around a core of iron or other phase, full-wave rectified; 3-phase, 6-pulse; 3-phase,
material susceptible to magnetic forces. When an AC 12-pulse; high frequency; or constant potential. Ex-
is applied to the primary coil, the resulting electromag- amples of each voltage waveform are shown along with
netic field causes a current to flow through the secon- the corresponding radiation intensity waveforms in
dary coil. The current and voltage induced in the Figure 3.
secondary coil are related to the initial current and The ideal secondary voltage waveform for presenta-
voltage by the ratio of the number of turns of the two tion to the x-ray tube is a flat DC waveform with no
coils, as expressed by the following equation: temporal variations in voltage. Waveforms that devi-
T1/T2 = V1/V2 ate from this ideal lower the efficiency of x-ray produc-
tion. Efficiency is affected by the ripple factor of the
where T1 and T2 are the number of turns for the
voltage waveform (the difference between the mini-
primary and secondary coils and V1 and V2 are the
mum and maximum x-ray tube voltages, expressed as
primary and secondary voltages.
a percentage of the maximum voltage) presented to
In a step-up transformer, voltage increases and the x-ray tube. Generators with a lower ripple factor
current decreases in the secondary circuit because the have a greater x-ray output. The ripple factor for a
2 2001 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
single-phase generator is 100% because the voltage

increases from 0 to a maximum value with each wave
Radiation
cycle. The ripple factor for a 3-phase, 6-pulse gener-
Voltage
Intensity
ator is 13.5% because at 100 kV, the voltage fluctuates
between 86.5 and 100 kV; ripple is accentuated when
3-phase generators are operated under load (i.e., oper-
ating conditions). Time Time
a. Ideal DC
High-voltage circuit
The high-voltage circuit provides the electrical
power needed to accelerate the flow of electrons from
the cathode to the anode of the x-ray tube to produce
x-rays of the specified kVp and waveform. Also called 1 sec
60
the cathode-anode circuit, the high-voltage circuit con-
b. Single-phase, half-wave rectified
sists of a step-up transformer (also called the high-volt-
age transformer) and an autotransformer. Because the
potential difference across the secondary coil may be
as great as 150,000 volts (V), the step-up transformer
is sealed within an oil-filled tank, which enhances heat
dissipation and provides electrical insulation between 1 sec
60
various components.
c. Single-phase, full-wave rectified
A kVp meter and an mA meter are incorporated into
the high-voltage circuit to monitor, respectively, the
potential across the x-ray tube and the current through
the tube during an exposure. The kVp meter is usually
located between the autotransformer and the step-up 1 sec
60
transformer; the mA meter is connected in the secon-
dary coil of the step-up transformer. d. Three-phase, six-pulse
Before reaching the step-up transformer, the input

voltage is shunted to the autotransformer. When a
1 sec 1 sec
60 60
e. Three-phase, twelve-pulse
a. 60 Hz AC waveforms from power company
1 sec
500
Voltage
f. High-frequency
b. Half-wave rectification of same signal

C156UN1D
C156UN1B
g. Constant potential
c. Full-wave rectification of same signal
Figure 2. Voltage waveforms demonstrating Figure 3. Secondary voltage waveforms (left) and
rectification radiation intensity waveforms (right)
2001 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 3
particular kVp is selected, an appropriate pair of sec- Y), a 120 phase difference in the voltage waveform is
ondary taps in the autotransformer is automatically produced. When the three windings are arranged in a
connected into the circuit to provide the correct input delta configuration (shaped like a triangle), a 150
voltage to the step-up transformer for the specified phase difference in the voltage waveform is produced.
output voltage. The primary voltage is increased by a Three-phase, 6-pulse generators have a wye trans-
factor of approximately 600 to achieve the voltage former and six rectifiers in their secondary coil; the
required for radiographic and fluoroscopic exposures. resulting waveform consists of 6 pulses per cycle, or
360 pulses per second (for a 60-hertz [Hz] supply).
Filament circuit Three-phase, 12-pulse generators have one delta and
one wye transformer and 12 rectifiers in their secon-
The filament circuit supplies the x-ray tube filament
dary coil; the resulting waveform consists of 12 pulses
(a coiled tungsten wire that emits electrons when
per cycle, or 720 pulses per second. Because three-
heated) with the voltage needed to provide the desired
phase generators produce outputs much closer to the
tube current. A step-down transformer the filament
ideal DC than do single-phase models, they produce
transformer supplies the power to heat the tube
x-rays more efficiently.
filament, which is connected directly to the secondary
coil of the transformer. The voltage of the primary coil High-frequency, or multipulse, generators operate
(100 to 220 V) is provided by tapping off a number of somewhat differently from traditional single- and
turns from the autotransformer. The step-down trans- three-phase generators, because they have additional
former converts this voltage to the potential difference components in the high-voltage circuit. The 50 or 60
required by the tube filament, which is approximately Hz line voltage (either single- or three-phase) is recti-
10 V. If an x-ray tube with dual focal spots is used, the fied and filtered to create a nearly DC signal. Next, a
filament circuit includes a separate transformer for high-frequency inverter, or oscillator, circuit converts
each filament. this DC voltage into a sinusoidal waveform with a
frequency as high as 100 kilohertz (kHz). This signal
Because small changes in filament current yield
is then input to a single high-voltage transformer.
large changes in tube current, the filament voltage
Full-wave rectification on the secondary side of the
must be precisely controlled. Therefore, resistors are
high-voltage circuit doubles the number of x-ray pulses
placed in the circuit leading to the autotransformer,
per second to as high as 200,000 per second.
and selectable resistance is controlled by a switch on
the control panel. Additional components of the fila- A capacitor, located in the high-voltage circuit be-
ment circuit include a voltage stabilizer that care- fore the x-ray tube, smooths the full-wave rectified
fully regulates filament voltage and a device that waveform, reducing the ripple factor to approximately
compensates for the changes in x-ray tube current 2%. The resultant measured waveform has ripple simi-
caused by changes in the selected kVp (line voltage lar to that of waveforms produced by 3-phase or 6- or
compensation). 12-pulse generators, reflecting highly efficient x-ray
production. This waveform is identical for single- or
Types of x-ray generators three-phase input power.
Single-phase, full-wave rectified generators and Because high-frequency generators produce a mul-
single-phase, two-pulse generators use single-phase tipulse wave with low ripple, more accurate timing is
line voltage input to the primary circuit. A bridge of possible, and patient exposure is lessened. An addi-
four rectifiers included in the secondary coil of the tional advantage of high-frequency generators is their
high-voltage circuit permits current flow from the x- small size the transformer assembly for a high kW,
ray tube cathode and anode during both halves of the high-frequency generator is about 1/3 the size of a high
alternating cycle. The resulting voltage waveform in- kW, 12-pulse generator. Low kW, high-frequency gen-
cludes 2 x-ray pulses per cycle, or 120 pulses per erators do not require a separate transformer housing;
second. The average x-ray tube voltage is substan- they can be housed together with the x-ray tube in a
tially lower than the peak x-ray tube voltage, and the normal-sized tube shield, thus eliminating the need for
ripple factor is 100%. high-voltage cables.
Three-phase, full-wave rectified waveforms are Constant-potential generators, which produce a
produced by high-voltage circuits containing three true DC, are a variation on the 3-phase, 12-pulse
autotransformers and three windings on both the circuit. Two triode (three-electrode) or tetrode (four-
primary and secondary coils of the high-voltage electrode) control vacuum tubes are placed between
transformer. When the three windings are electrically the output of the transformers secondary wye and
connected in a wye configuration (shaped like the letter delta windings and the cathode and anode ends of the
X-ray Generators
x-ray tube. Each control tube contains an electrode Switching mechanisms are classified as primary or
called a grid. Modifications of the voltage applied to secondary according to their location in the high-volt-
the grid cause the control tube to act as a variable age circuit. Primary switching is less complicated and
resistance, thus changing the magnitude of the voltage expensive because it is easier and safer to switch the
reaching the x-ray tube. A comparator circuit reads lower primary voltages on and off. Three types of
the voltage outputs at the two control tubes and alters primary switches are electromechanical contactors,
their respective grid bias voltages to maintain a con- thyratrons, and silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCRs).
stant potential difference across the x-ray tube. The
An electromechanical contactor causes a spring-
response of the comparator circuit and control tubes is
loaded plunger to open or close a circuit when a current
nearly instantaneous, resulting in a DC voltage wave-
is applied to an electromagnetic coil. Because of iner-
form reaching the x-ray tube. Some constant-potential
tia, these contactors are slow to respond, and their
generators use solid-state field-effect transistors
ability to handle a rapid series of repeated exposures
rather than tetrode/triode control tubes to produce a
is consequently limited. They are also expensive to
ripple-free DC output.
maintain.
Thyratrons are gas-filled, hot cathode tubes that
Timer circuit
function as electronic switches. A grid is usually nega-
The timer circuit initiates the radiographic expo- tively charged to prevent current flow through the
sure, sustains it for a preset length of time, and termi- thyratron tube, which in turn prevents current flow
nates it. A timer mechanism controls the length of the through the high-voltage circuit. If the negative
exposure, and switches initiate and terminate the ex- charge on the grid is sufficiently reduced, a continuous
posure. Typical exposure times range from 1/120 of a flow of current results, allowing x-rays to be produced.
second to 6 seconds. Controls for the timer circuit are A second thyratron is necessary to terminate the expo-
located on the control panel. The actual timer and sure. Thyratrons respond quickly (because of lack of
switch units are contained in the high-voltage circuit. inertia) and are able to handle rapid sequences of
exposures, but they generate large amounts of heat
Three types of timer mechanisms have been used in and are expensive to maintain.
x-ray generators mechanical, synchronous, and SCRs, also called thyristors, are the solid-state ana-
electronic. Mechanical timers are similar to spring- logs of thyratrons, retaining the advantages of thyra-
driven kitchen timers; the exposure duration is deter- trons without the disadvantages. They can be used in
mined by the length of time required for the spring to synchronized or unsynchronized switching configura-
unwind from a preset, calibrated position. Because tions. In synchronized switching, the SCRs begin and
they are accurate to only about 1/4 of a second, they end their conduction of current flow only at zero-cross-
are unsuitable for standard x-ray exposures, which are ings of the 60 Hz line voltage, resulting in x-ray expo-
often much shorter than that. sure durations that are precisely timed to multiples of
1/120 of a second (8.33 msec). Unsynchronized switch-
Synchronous timers are driven by synchronous mo- ing allows x-ray exposures to be initiated and termi-
tors, which operate in tandem with the 60 Hz power nated independently of zero-crossings. The high-speed
frequency. These timers allow exposures to begin and electronic precontacting feature allows a response
end only at zero-crossings of the sinusoidal, 60 Hz time of 1 to 2 msec for the initiation of an exposure, the
voltage waveform and consequently offer precisely pulsed commutation feature allows the initiation of an
timed x-ray exposures in multiples of 1/120 of a second; exposure without regard to synchrony with zero-cross-
however, they are unable to provide exposures in the ings, and the forced extinction termination feature
millisecond (msec) range or a rapid series of repeated allows termination of an exposure without regard to
exposures. zero-crossings. This combination of features reduces
exposure durations to 1 to 2 msec and makes a rapid
Electronic timers are most commonly used in x-ray
series of repeated exposures possible.
generators. Their operation is based on the time
needed to charge or discharge a capacitor, as deter- The two available secondary switching mechanisms
mined by the value of a variable resistance in the timer are triode or tetrode switch tubes and grid-controlled
circuit; selecting an exposure time from the control x-ray tubes; both are complex and expensive. Triode
panel adjusts this resistance to the proper value. or tetrode switching tubes are used in constant-poten-
When used with electronic switches, electronic timers tial generators; as described earlier, they are the same
can provide accurate exposures as brief as 1 msec, as tubes used to maintain a constant voltage across the
well as a rapid series of repeated exposures. x-ray tube. In addition to this function, the grid bias
voltage also acts to initiate and terminate x-ray expo- Standard AECs require the technologist to select
sures by conducting and blocking current flow to the specific kVp and mA settings on the control panel, with
x-ray tube. Response time is nearly instantaneous, the exposure time automatically determined by the
exposures as short as 0.5 msec are possible, and an AEC circuit.
extremely rapid series of exposures can be produced.
Anatomic programming is often used to select kV
In grid-controlled x-ray tubes, a grid bias voltage is and mA for each examination. These values are prepro-
also used to switch x-ray tube current flow on and off. grammed into the control console based on an institu-
In this case, the grid is the focusing cup of the x-ray tions programs. Generators featuring anatomic
tubes cathode itself. Applying a small (2 to 3 V) bias programming include an additional series of push but-
voltage to the grid prevents electron flow to the anode, tons on the control panel that are labeled with various
while removing the bias voltage allows current flow anatomic regions and projections and preset to repre-
and the production of x-rays. Grid-controlled x-ray sent a fixed set of technique factors of the users choice,
tubes are primarily used in fluoroscopy, providing up including kVp, mA, and AEC timing or exposure time.
to 500 exposures per second. Supplemental fine adjustments account for variations
in patient size and density. The technologist can pre-
pare the generator for an x-ray exposure by selecting a
Other generator features single button, without having to consult the technique
chart typically used for manual exposure selection. In
Additional features available to improve the per- addition to this ease of operation, anatomic program-
formance of x-ray generators include radiographic ming ensures consistent technique factors within a
AEC, anatomic programming, and fluoroscopic auto- department and allows them to be changed quickly and
matic brightness control. accurately during the course of an examination.
AEC automatically terminates radiographic expo- In fluoroscopy, a constant brightness at the output
sures when sufficient x-ray intensity to provide accept- phosphor of the image intensifier should be main-
able film darkening has reached the x-ray film tained so that the image does not lighten or darken
cassette. This feature ensures the production of satis- markedly when scanning varying thicknesses of pa-
factory images, reducing the chance that human error tient anatomy or introducing contrast media. Fluoro-
will necessitate repeat exposures. AEC detectors, scopic automatic brightness control regulates
sometimes called phototimers, include one or more fluoroscopic image brightness by adjusting the gener-
elements placed in front of or behind the film cassette. ator technique settings to provide a fixed radiation
The two most common types of detectors used in AEC exposure rate at the image intensifiers input phos-
are photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) and ionization phor. Various types of detectors are available to moni-
chambers. PMTs collect the light emitted as x-rays tor the image intensifiers photocathode current and
strike a fluorescent material and convert the light luminance at its output phosphor as well as the video
intensity into a current proportional to the total x-ray signal intensity at the camera CRT (cathode ray tube).
intensity reaching the fluorescent material. (Solid- In each case, as changes are detected, the automatic
state photodiodes are sometimes used instead of brightness control circuit immediately adjusts the kVp
PMTs.) and/or mA output of the generator to restore the de-
sired radiation exposure rate at the image intensifiers
The ionization chambers used in AEC are typically input phosphor, concurrently restoring the desired
flat-plate, gas-filled chambers. As x-rays pass through image brightness.
the chamber, they ionize the gas molecules, creating a
current proportional to the radiation intensity reaching
the chamber. Both types of AEC detectors are cali-
brated so that a predetermined current provides the
Reported problems
desired film density. When this current level is X-ray generators must be operated knowledgeably
achieved, the termination switch in the generator timer to avoid potential problems related to automatic fea-
circuit automatically activates. An SCR switch with tures and fluoroscopic radiation exposure. Careful
forced extinction termination allows the extremely patient positioning is required for optimal perform-
short, precisely timed exposures required for rare-earth ance of AEC devices and anatomic programming. Er-
film/screen combinations. Forced extinction is not rors in patient positioning can result in rejected films
needed with high-frequency generators operating and repeat examinations, which unnecessarily in-
above 50 kHz because lower ripple and faster exposure crease patient radiation exposure and examination
times make AEC more accurate and reproducible. costs.
X-ray Generators
Fluoroscopic examinations must be conducted with the generator under load. The following formula is
great caution to minimize radiation exposure to pa- used to calculate power ratings for three-phase
tients and to tableside personnel. In the United generators:
States, federal and state regulations limit generators
kW = (kVp mA) 1,000
exposure rates to 5 or 10 roentgens per minute (R/min)
at the location where the radiation beam enters the For single-phase generators:
patient (depending on specification). Under typical kW = (kVp mA 0.7) 1,000
conditions of fluoroscopic operation, patient skin en-
trance exposure is in the range of 2 to 5 R/min. To For most generators, the power rating is not con-
minimize patient radiation exposure, a fluoroscopic stant over the entire kV range, and the maximum mA
examination should involve as little beam-on time as and kVp values cannot be obtained simultaneously.
possible, and the monitors last-image-hold feature For this reason, it is important to carefully examine
should be used, if available, to retain the image on the the way the manufacturer indicates this information.
monitor screen after the fluoroscopic exposure. To Typically, power ratings are specified at 100 kVp, with
minimize personnel radiation exposure, protective maximum mA values listed for several different kVp
garments and beam-shielding devices must be used, values.
and distance from the radiation beam should be maxi- The power rating and timing capabilities of a new
mized. In addition, the fluoroscopic exposure rate generator should be selected based on the types of
should be measured quarterly by a medical physicist examinations to be performed and the operating tech-
to ensure safety and regulatory compliance and to nique factors required with the type of generator
monitor the performance consistency of the automatic selected. For example, an examination using a three-
brightness control feature. phase or high-frequency generator requires lower kVp
and/or mAs than the same examination using a single-
Purchase considerations phase generator. Routine radiographic, angiographic,
fluoroscopic, and tomographic procedures also vary in
The x-ray generator and radiographic or R/F table their kVp and mAs requirements.
are the primary components of any x-ray room. Each
must be selected in consideration of both clinical needs All x-ray system components must also be selected
and cost-effectiveness. For x-ray generators, the pri- for compatibility as an integrated system. Specifically,
mary selection factors are secondary waveform type, it is critical to choose compatible x-ray tubes and
power rating, timing capabilities, and compatibility generators so that all features of both components can
with other system components. be fully utilized. Positioning the generator too far from
the x-ray tube may cause distortions in voltage wave-
As noted previously, the secondary waveform type forms and timing responses caused by capacitance in
determines the efficiency of x-ray production, includ- excessively long high-voltage cables.
ing the magnitude of ripple and the ratio of average to
peak x-ray tube voltage. Single-phase, full-wave rec- Cost containment
tified secondary waveforms provide the least efficient
production of x-rays, which results in longer radio- A purchase decision should be based on issues such
graphic exposure times and higher patient radiation as life-cycle cost, local service support, discount rates
exposure than for the same examination using the and non-price-related benefits offered by the supplier,
same kVp (because of higher skin exposure from low- and standardization with existing equipment in the
energy x-rays that do not reach the image receptor). In department or hospital (i.e., purchasing all x-ray gen-
addition, single-phase generators cause increased x- erators from one supplier). The initial acquisition cost
ray tube anode heating, thus restricting small focal is only a fraction of the total cost of operation. There-
spot examinations and reducing tube life. Three-phase fore, before making a purchase decision based solely
generators (and other generators producing wave- on the acquisition cost of an x-ray generator, buyers
forms with low ripple) allow higher mA exposures at should consider operating costs over the lifetime of the
shorter exposure times, thus reducing motion un- equipment. The following costs should be considered
sharpness and producing higher-quality radiographs when purchasing an x-ray generator:
for many examinations. If three-phase power service Special features (e.g., pulsed fluoroscopy capability)
is not available at a location proposed for it, power
installation costs must be added to the project budget. Service contract
X-ray tube replacement
Power ratings, in units of kilowatts (kW), describe
the maximum kilovoltage (kV) and mA capabilities of Utilities
Accessories, such as glassware, parts, and quality Curry TS 3rd, Dowdey JE, Murry RC Jr. Christensens
control devices physics of diagnostic radiology. 4th ed. Philadel-
phia: Lea & Febiger; 1990.
Contributions to overhead
Hendee WR, Ritenour ER. Medical imaging physics.
For customized analyses and purchase decision sup-
3rd ed. Philadelphia: Mosby-Year Book; 1992.
port, readers should contact ECRIs SELECT Group.
Hospitals can purchase service contracts or service Hiss SS. Understanding radiography. 3rd ed. Spring-
on a time-and-materials basis from the supplier. Serv- field (IL): Charles C Thomas; 1993.
ice may also be available from a third-party organiza- Noce JP. Diagnostic x-ray fundamentals: the gener-
tion. The decision to purchase a service contract should ator. Biomed Instrum Technol 1993 May-Jun;
be carefully considered. Purchasing a service contract 32(3):318-20.
ensures that preventive maintenance will be per-
formed at regular intervals, thereby reducing the pos-
sibility of unexpected maintenance costs. Also, many Standards and guidelines
suppliers do not extend system performance and up- Note: Although every effort is made to ensure that the
time guarantees beyond the length of the warranty following list is comprehensive, please note that other
unless the system is covered by a service contract. applicable standards may exist.
ECRI recommends that, to maximize bargaining lev- American Association of Physicists in Medicine. Per-
erage, hospitals negotiate pricing for service contracts formance specifications and acceptance testing for
before the system is purchased. Additional service x-ray generators and automatic exposure control
contract discounts may be negotiable for multiple-year devices [report]. Diagnostic X-ray Imaging/X-ray
agreements, or for service contracts that are bundled Generators and Automatic Exposure Control (AEC)
with contracts on other generators in the department Devices Task Group. 14. 1985.
or hospital. Purchasing multiple generators from one
supplier could result in a significant discount. Stand- British Standards Institution. Specification for high-
ardizing equipment can make staff training easier, voltage generators of diagnostic x-ray generators
simplify servicing and parts acquisition, and provide [standard]. BS 5724:Section 2.7. 1987.
greater bargaining leverage when negotiating new International Electrotechnical Commission. Medical
equipment purchases and/or service contract costs. electrical equipment part 1: general require-
ments for safety [standard]. IEC 60601-1 (1988-12).
1988.
Stage of development
Medical electrical equipment part 1: general re-
Microprocessor-controlled and modular x-ray gen- quirements for safety. Amendment 1 [standard].
erators have been available for several years. Micro- IEC 60601-1-am1 (1991-11). 1991.
processor-controlled generators provide extensive
automatic operation, which simplifies use and allows Medical electrical equipment part 1: general re-
the technologist to spend more time on patient posi- quirements for safety. Amendment 2 [standard].
tioning. Automatic controls also reduce the likelihood IEC 60601-1-am2 (1995-03). 1995.
of operator errors that require retakes, thus reducing Medical electrical equipment part 1: general re-
radiation exposure to patients and operators. In addi- quirements for safety. Section 2. Collateral stand-
tion, microprocessor-controlled generators feature in- ard: electromagnetic compatibility requirements
ternal self-diagnostics, which cause an error message and tests. IEC 60601-1-2 (1993-04). 1993.
to appear on the console when a component malfunc-
Medical electrical equipment part 2: particular
tions. Modular generators are individually con-
requirements for the safety of associated equipment
structed to incorporate the purchasers selection of
of x-ray equipment [standard]. IEC 60601-2-31.
optional features. Solid-state electronic components
(1994-03). 1994.
have reduced generator sizes, simplified repairs, and
aided the development of shared generators, which are Medical electrical equipment part 2: particular
used to control several x-ray rooms simultaneously. requirements for the safety of high voltage gener-
ators of diagnostic x-ray generators [standard]. IEC
60601-2-7. (1998-02). 1998.
Bibliography
National Electrical Manufacturers Association. Power
Balter S. X-ray generation and control. Catheter supply guidelines for x-ray machines [standard].
Cardiovasc Interv 1999 Jan;46(1):92-7. 1984 (revised 1989, 1994; reaffirmed 1999).
X-ray Generators
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Food Medicor Rontgen Rt [150025]
and Drug Administration. Diagnostic x-ray systems Illatos utca 9
and their major components. 21 CFR 1020.30. 2000. H-1097 Budapest
Hungary
Additional performance and safety standards are
Phone: 36 (1) 3472600
included in the radiation protection codes of individual
Fax: 36 (1) 3472626
states and countries. The Joint Commission on Ac-
creditation of Healthcare Organizations and the U.S. CPI
Food and Drug Administration (as per 21 CFR Part
1000), as well as several international organizations, Communications & Power Industries Inc (CPI)
have developed recommendations and requirements Canada [272874]
for acceptance testing and periodic calibration of x-ray 45 River Dr
equipment, including x-ray generators. Georgetown ON L7G 2J4
Canada
Phone: (905) 877-0161, (888) 274-9729
Citations from other ECRI publications Fax: (905) 877-5327
Health Devices E-mail: marketing@cmp.cpii.com
Internet: http://www.cpii.com/cmp
Radiographic quality control devices [evaluation].
2000 Apr;29(4):97-139. Daeyoung
Eye on medical errors: radiographic QA programs help Daeyoung Medical Systems [202155]
ensure high-quality healthcare. 2000 Apr;29(4): 9-1 Hongdo-dong
100-1. Dong-ku
Taejeon
Supplier information Republic of Korea
Phone: 82 (42) 6278986
Americomp Fax: 82 (42) 6210729
E-mail: medics@kornetzi.net
Americomp Inc [170184]
2901 W Lawrence Ave Del Medical
Chicago IL 60625-3621
Del Medical Systems Group [376429]
Phone: (773) 588-2444, (800) 458-1782
11550 W King St
Fax: (773) 583-1751
Franklin Park IL 60131-1851
E-mail: info@americompus.net
Phone: (847) 288-7000, (800) 800-6006
Internet: http://www.americompus.net
Fax: (847) 288-7011
E-mail: sloehrke@delmedical.com
Apelem Internet: http://www.delmedical.com
Apelem SA [194762]
Parc Scientifique Georges Besse emd Technologies
175 allee Von Neumann emd Technologies [393535]
F-30035 Nimes Cedex 310 Blvd Industriel
France St-Eustache PQ J7R 5R4
Phone: 33 (466) 290907 Canada
Fax: 33 (466) 297123 Phone: (450) 491-2100
E-mail: apelphil@hotmail.com Fax: (450) 491-4138
Internet: http://www.apelem.com E-mail: marketing@emd-tech.net
Internet: http://www.emd-tech.net
Control-X emd Technologies Europe SA [393559]
Control-X Medical Inc [108554] 58 rue Roger Salengro
2289 Westbrooke Dr Bldg C F-94126 Fontenay-sous-Bois Cedex
Columbus OH 43228-9644 France
Phone: (614) 777-9729, (800) 777-9729 Phone: 33 (1) 45140606
Fax: (614) 777-0395 Fax: 33 (1) 48762514
E-mail: sales@cxmed.com E-mail: marketing@emd-tech.net
Internet: http://www.cxmed.com Internet: http://www.emd-tech.net
Furrer Hofmann DMT

Hofmann DMT GmbH [337767]
Furrer Roentgentechnik [168492]
Weidenweg 13
Bueelmatt 12
D-91058 Erlangen
CH-6204 Sempach
Germany
Switzerland
Phone: 49 (9131) 688132
Phone: 41 (41) 4602120
Fax: 49 (9131) 688190
Fax: 41 (41) 4603283
E-mail: hofmann_dmt_gmbh@t-online.de
E-mail: info@roe-furrer.ch
Internet: http://www.hofmann-x-ray.de
Hologic
GEMS
Hologic Europe NV [156155]
GE Medical Systems [102107] Horizon Park
PO Box 414 Leuvensesteenweg 510
Milwaukee WI 53201-0414 B-1930 Zaventem
Phone: (262) 544-3011, (800) 643-6439 Belgium
Fax: (262) 544-3384 Phone: 32 (2) 7114680
Internet: http://www.gemedicalsystems.com Fax: 32 (2) 7252087
Hologic Inc [106487]
GE Medical Systems Asia [300443] 35 Crosby Dr
4-7-127 Asahigaoka Bedford MA 01730
Hino-shi Phone: (781) 999-7300, (800) 343-9729
Tokyo Fax: (781) 280-0667
Japan E-mail: marketing@hologic.com
Phone: 81 (3) 425855451 Internet: http://www.hologic.com
Internet: http://www.gemedical.co.jp
IMD
GE Medical Systems Canada [174606] IMD SpA (International Medical Devices)
2300 Meadowvale Blvd [354505]
Mississauga ON L5N 5P9 via Aldo Moro 5/7
Canada I-24020 Scanzorosciate BG
Phone: (800) 668-0732 Italy
Fax: (905) 567-2115 Phone: 39 (035) 668163
Internet: http://www.gemedicalsystems.ca Fax: 39 (035) 668166
E-mail: sales@imdspa.com
GE Medical Systems Europe [171319]
Internet: http://www.imdspa.com
283 rue de la Miniere
boite postale 34 LISTEM
F-78533 Buc Cedex
France LISTEM Corp [392886]
Phone: 33 (1) 30704040 414-1 Chongchon-2 dong
Fax: 33 (1) 30709998 Pupyong-gu
Internet: http://www.gemedicalsystems- Inchon
europe.com/fr Republic of Korea
Phone: 82 (32) 5155511
Fax: 82 (32) 5129814
E-mail: obd@listem.co.kr
GTR Labs
Internet: http://www.listem.co.kr
GTR Labs LLC [384436] LISTEM USA Inc [393197]
510 Elk St 405 Douglas Ave Suite 2105
Gassaway WV 26624 Altamonte FL 32714
Phone: (304) 364-2211, (888) 871-9232 Phone: (407) 869-9909
Fax: (304) 364-2212 Fax: (407) 869-9930
E-mail: info@gtrllc.com E-mail: wchoi12@cs.com
Internet: http://www.gtrllc.com Internet: http://www.listem.co.kr
X-ray Generators
Meditech Philips Medical Systems International bv

[152365]
Meditech Roentgensysteme GmbH [282234] Postbus 90050
Kardinal-von-Galen-Strasse 12 NL-5600 PB Eindhoven
D-33332 Guetersloh The Netherlands
Germany Phone: 31 (40) 2783594
Phone: 49 (5241) 95555 Fax: 31 (40) 2785827
Fax: 49 (5241) 955599 E-mail: medinfo@nl.cis.philips.com
E-mail: info@meditech-roentgensysteme.de Internet: http://www.medical.philips.com
Internet: http://www.meditech-roentgensystems.de
Philips Medical Systems North America [102120]
22100 Bothell Everett Hwy
Medstone PO Box 3003
Bothell WA 98041-3003
Medstone International Ltd [372618] Phone: (425) 487-7000, (800) 526-4963
Medstone House Fax: (425) 485-6080
Ridge Way Donibristle Industrial Park E-mail: info@pmsna.com
Dalgety Bay, Fife KY11 5JN Internet: http://www.pmsna.com
Scotland
Phone: 44 (1383) 821890
Rendix
Fax: 44 (1383) 821877
E-mail: jeremy.wheeler@medstone.co.uk Rendix Ltd [179167]
Internet: http://www.medstone.co.uk PO Box 1270
Qiryat Tivon IL-36111
Israel
Metaltronica Phone: 972 (4) 9590233
Fax: 972 (4) 9937104
Metaltronica srl [176850]
E-mail: rendix@netvision.net.il
via della Pisana 431
I-00163 Roma
Italy Shimadzu
Phone: 39 (06) 66160206 Shimadzu (Asia Pacific) PTE Ltd [172209]
Fax: 39 (06) 66160357 16 Science Park Dr #01-02 The Pasteur
Internet: http://www.metaltronica.com Singapore Science Park
Singapore 118227
Republic of Singapore
Pacioni Phone: 65 7786280
Pacioni & C snc [227240] Fax: 65 7792935
via Peralba 18-20 Internet: http://www.shimadzu.com
I-00141 Roma Shimadzu Corp Medical Systems
Italy International Marketing Div [153971]
Phone: 39 (06) 8170030 3 Kanda-Nishikicho 1-chome
Fax: 39 (06) 8170030 Chiyoda-ku
E-mail: mailcomp@tin.it Tokyo 101-8448
Internet: http://www.pacioni-c.com Japan
Phone: 81 (3) 32195641
E-mail: imd_med@group.shimadzu.co.jp
Philips Internet: http://www.shimadzu.com
Philips Medical Systems Asia [188101] Shimadzu Europe GmbH [161064]
16/Floor Hopewell Centre 17 Kennedy Rd Albert-Hahn-Strasse 6-10
PO Box 2108 D-47269 Duisburg
Hong Kong Germany
Hong Kong SAR Phone: 49 (203) 76870
Peoples Republic of China Fax: 49 (203) 766625
Phone: 852 28215281 E-mail: tn@shimadzu.de
Fax: 852 28277136 Internet: http://www.shimadzu.com
Shimadzu Medical Systems [106973] Toshiba Medical Systems Europe bv [160817]

20101 S Vermont Ave Zilverstraat 1
Torrance CA 90502-3130 NL-2718 RP Zoetermeer
Phone: (310) 217-8855, (800) 228-1429 The Netherlands
Fax: (310) 217-0661 Phone: 31 (79) 3689222
E-mail: karle@shimadzumed.com Fax: 31 (79) 3689444
Internet: http://www.shimadzu.com Internet: http://www.medical.toshiba.com
SMAM
Trophy
SMAM srl [177065]
via Tiziano 24 Trophy Radiologie (France) [151034]
I-20053 Muggio MI 4 rue Fernand Pelloutier
Italy Croissy Beaubourg
Phone: 39 (039) 2781554 F-77437 Marne la Vallee Cedex 2
Fax: 39 (039) 790213 France
E-mail: rbuzzi.smam@interbusiness.it Phone: 33 (1) 64808500
Fax: 33 (1) 64808506
E-mail: jminglese@trophy-imaging.com
Summit Internet: http://www.trophy-imaging.com
Summit Industries Inc [171242]
2901 W Lawrence Ave
Chicago IL 60625-3621 Villa
Phone: (773) 588-2444, (800) 972-9776
Villa Sistemi Medicali SpA [156442]
Fax: (773) 588-3424
via delle Azalee 3
E-mail: info@summitindustries.net
I-20090 Buccinasco MI
Internet: http://www.summitindustries.net
Italy
Phone: 39 (02) 488591
Toshiba Fax: 39 (02) 4881844
E-mail: vsminfo@villasm.com
Toshiba America Medical Systems Inc [101894] Internet: http://www.villasm.com
2441 Michelle Dr
PO Box 2068
Tustin CA 92680-7047 VMI
Phone: (714) 730-5000, (800) 421-1968
Fax: (714) 832-2570 VMI Industria e Comercio Ltda [174435]
Internet: http://www.medical.toshiba.com Rua Cacuera 703/735
Toshiba (Australia) Pty Ltd/Medic [373230] Bairro Liberdade
5 Byfield St 31270-350 Belo Horizonte-MG
PO Box 315 Brazil
North Ryde NSW 2113 Phone: 55 (31) 34416446
Australia Fax: 55 (31) 34416463
Phone: 61 (2) 98876000 E-mail: vmi.bh@zaz.com
Fax: 61 (2) 98874866
Internet: http://www.isd.toshiba.com.au/medical
WTI
Toshiba Medical Systems Co Ltd [139511]
3-26-5 Hongo World Technologies Inc [361572]
Bunkyo-ku 1921 Industrial Dr Suite B
Tokyo 113-0033 Libertyville IL 60048-9731
Japan Phone: (847) 573-0564
Phone: 81 (3) 38182061 Fax: (847) 573-0565
Fax: 81 (3) 38157215 E-mail: sales@wtinc.com
Internet: http://www.medical.toshiba.com Internet: http://www.wtinc.com
X-ray Generators
XMA FET Field-effect transistor

X-Ray Marketing Assoc [106898] HU Heat unit
1205 Lakeview Ct
Romeoville IL 60446-6500 HV High voltage
Phone: (630) 378-1992, (800) 325-8880
Fax: (630) 378-1048 IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
E-mail: webmaster@xma.com IGBT Insulated-gate bipolar transistor
Internet: http://www.xma.com
ISO International Organization for Standardiza-
Note: The following companies did not provide us
tion
with any product information in time for publication.
Their addresses are listed as a service to our readers. LCD Liquid crystal display
Innomed Kft [150026]
LED Light-emitting diode
Szabo Jozsef utca 12
H-1146 Budapest MDD Medical Devices Directive
Hungary
Phone: 36 (1) 3521986 NF Norme Francaise
Fax: 36 (1) 4609222
PC Personal computer
E-mail: innomed@innomed.datanet.hu
Medira Oy/Ab [162451] PMT Photomultiplier tube
Ilkontie 1
SCR Silicon-controlled rectifier
FIN-36220 Kangasala
Finland UL Underwriters Laboratories
Phone: 358 (3) 2345200
Fax: 358 (3) 2345250 VGA Video Graphics Array
Roentgen-Service AG [170912] Note: The data in the charts derive from suppli-
Meierholweg 4 ers specifications and have not been verified through
Emmen independent testing by ECRI or any other agency.
CH-6032 Luzern Because test methods vary, different products specifi-
Switzerland cations are not always comparable. Moreover, prod-
Phone: 41 (41) 2600266 ucts and specifications are subject to frequent changes.
Fax: 41 (41) 2608266 ECRI is not responsible for the quality or validity of
Internet: http://www.roentgen-service.ch the information presented or for any adverse conse-
quences of acting on such information.
About the chart specifications When reading the charts, keep in mind that, unless
The following abbreviations are used in the chart: otherwise noted, the list price does not reflect supplier
discounts. And although we try to indicate which
ABS Automatic brightness stabilization features and characteristics are standard and which
AEC Automatic exposure control are not, some may be optional, at additional cost.
CE mark Conformite Europeene mark For those models whose prices were supplied to us
in currencies other than U.S. dollars, we have also
CRT Cathode ray tube listed the conversion to U.S. dollars to facilitate com-
parison among models. However, keep in mind that
DSS Digital satellite system
exchange rates change often.
EN European Norm
Need to know more?
ETL ETL Testing Laboratories For further information about the contents of this
EU European Union Product Comparison, contact the HPCS Hotline at +1
(610) 825-6000, ext. 5265; +1 (610) 834-1275 (fax); or
FDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration hpcs@ecri.org (e-mail).
Product Comparison Chart

MODEL AMERICOMP AMERICOMP APELEM APELEM
Spectra 30 HF Spectra 325e MAGNUM 40 : MAGNUM 65 :

MAGNUM 50 MAGNUM 80
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide
FDA CLEARANCE Yes Yes Yes Yes

CE MARK (MDD) Not specified Not specified Yes Yes
TYPE High frequency High frequency High frequency, High frequency,

100 kHz 100 kHz
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 30 37.5 40 : 50 65 : 80
mA @ kVp 300 @ 100 300 @ 125 500 @ 80 : 800 @ 80 :
630 @ 80 1,000 @ 80
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 40-150 40-150 40-150
mA range
Small focus 50, 100 50, 100 10-500 : 10-630 10-800 : 10-1,000
Large focus 150, 200, 250, 300 150, 200, 300 10-500 : 10-630 10-800 : 10-1,000
mAs range 0.5-400 0.5-400 0.5-1,000 0.5-1,000
Timer range, sec 0.0083-6 0.0083-6 0.001-6.3 0.001-6.3
Switching IGBT SCR IGBT IGBT
AEC Optional Optional Yes Yes

Detector type Ion chamber Ion chamber Ion chamber Ion chamber
Anatomic
programming No No 768 programs 768 programs
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE No No No : Yes Yes

kV range NA NA NA : 40-125 40-125
mA range NA NA NA : 0.5-6 0.5-6
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA NA NA : 30 30
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA NA NA : Not specified Not specified
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA NA NA : No Optional
Automatic
brightness control NA NA NA : Yes Yes
Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the first of

two pages covering
the above model(s).
These specifications
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL AMERICOMP AMERICOMP APELEM APELEM
Spectra 30 HF Spectra 325e MAGNUM 40 : MAGNUM 65 :

MAGNUM 50 MAGNUM 80
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE No Yes Yes Yes
X-RAY TUBES, MAXIMUM 1 1+1 (optional) 1+1 (optional) : 2 2
LINE VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic
SELF-DIAGNOSTICS Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER REQUIREMENTS 230-250 VAC, 230-250 VAC, 380 VAC 10%, 380 VAC 10%,
50/60 Hz, 50/60 Hz, 50/60 Hz, 3 phase 50/60 Hz, 3 phase
100 A minimum 70 A minimum
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 5 x 30 x 18 117 x 58 x 30 7 x 56 x 23 7 x 56 x 23
(2 x 11.8 x 7.1) (46.1 x 22.8 x 11.8) (2.8 x 22 x 9.1) (2.8 x 22 x 9.1)
Weight, kg (lb) 2 (4.4) 102 (225) 4 (8.8) 4 (8.8)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 94 x 51 x 46 123 x 45 x 41 123 x 45 x 41 Not specified
(37 x 20.1 x 18.1) (48.4 x 17.7 x 16.1) (48.4 x 17.7 x 16.1)
Weight, kg (lb) 86 (190) 91 (200) 107 (236) 107 (236)
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration $14,400 $7,535 Not specified Not specified
Warranty 5 years 5 years 1 year 1 year
Year first sold Not specified Not specified 1998 1998

Fiscal year Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Meets requirements Meets requirements Digital display; Digital display;
of UL. of UL. full x-ray tube full x-ray tube
protection; 3-, 2-, protection; 3-, 2-,
1-point techniques; 1-point techniques;
optional capacitor- optional high-
discharge model contrast fluoro
(GTI 30HF/DC). ISO. mode. ISO.
Colons separate data on similar models of a device.

MODEL CONTROL-X CONTROL-X CONTROL-X CONTROL-X
Milestone Milestone HF Milestone HF PCX 525/I

MS 325 : MS 525 MS 350HF MS 450HF : MS 550HF

CE MARK (MDD) No Yes Yes No
TYPE Single phase High frequency, High frequency, Single phase

single or 3 phase single or 3 phase
MICROPROCESSOR
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 30 : 40 30 40 : 50 50
mA @ kVp 300 @ 125 : 360 @ 80, 500 @ 80, 400 @ 100, 500 @ 100,
500 @ 90, 300 @ 100, 200 @ 150 : 400 @ 125
400 @ 110, 150 @ 150 600 @ 80, 500 @ 100,
300 @ 125 250 @ 150
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 40-150 40-150 40-125
mA range
Small focus 25-100 20-200 20-200 25-200
Large focus 100-300 : 100-500 100-400 100-500 : 100-600 100-500
mAs range 0.2-600 0.4-600 0.4-600 0.2-600
Timer range, sec 0.008-6 0.003-6 0.003-6 0.008-6
Switching SCR IGBT IGBT SCR
AEC Optional Optional Optional Optional

Detector type Solid-state Solid-state Solid-state Solid-state
Anatomic
programming No 100 exams 100 exams 127 exams
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE Optional Optional Optional Optional

kV range 40-125 50-125 50-125 40-115
mA range 1-4 0.5-9 0.5-9 1-4
Maximum number of
exposures/sec 10 10 10 10
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance 10 with ABS 10 with ABS 10 with ABS 10 with ABS
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec No No No No
Automatic
brightness control Yes Yes Yes Yes

two pages covering
the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL CONTROL-X CONTROL-X CONTROL-X CONTROL-X
Milestone Milestone HF Milestone HF PCX 525/I

MS 325 : MS 525 MS 350HF MS 450HF : MS 550HF
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE Yes Yes Yes Yes
X-RAY TUBES, MAXIMUM 1 2 2 2
LINE VOLTAGE
POWER REQUIREMENTS 208-240 VAC : 208-240 VAC, single 208-240 VAC, 208-240 VAC, 100 A,
380 VAC; 50/60 Hz, or 3 phase or 50/60 Hz, single or 50/60 Hz, single
100 A, single phase 380-400 VAC, 3 phase or phase
3 phase, 50/60 Hz 380-400 VAC,
50/60 Hz, 3 phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
(43 x 16 x 13) (16 x 18 x 37.5) (16 x 18 x 37.5) (15 x 16 x 14)
Weight, kg (lb) 86 (190) 120 (265) 120 (265) 12 (26)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 58 x 33 x 46 Included in cabinet Included in cabinet 56 x 66 x 84
(23 x 13 x 18) (22 x 26 x 33)
Weight, kg (lb) 154 (340) Included in cabinet Included in cabinet 234 (515)
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Warranty 5 years (2 full, 5 years (2 full, 5 years (2 full, 5 years (2 full,

3 prorated) 3 prorated) 3 prorated) 3 prorated)
Year first sold Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Fiscal year January to December January to December January to December January to December
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Digital display; Compact control Compact control Continuous digital
tube overload console and cabinet; console and cabinet; readouts on CRT
protection; mAs manual override; manual override; display; integrated
display; digital technique technique computer records
timer; MS 525 is reprogramming; self- reprogramming; self- exposure parameters
equipped with diagnostic software. diagnostic software. and is equipped with
overcurrent self-diagnostics.
protection.

MODEL CONTROL-X CONTROL-X CONTROL-X CPI
PCX HF PCX HF PCX HF Indico 100 32 kW

350HF : 450HF 550HF 850HF : 1050HF

CE MARK (MDD) Yes Yes Yes Yes
TYPE High frequency, High frequency, High frequency, High frequency

single or 3 phase 3 phase 3 phase
MICROPROCESSOR
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 30 : 40 50 65 : 80 32
mA @ kVp 400 @ 80, 300 @ 100, 600 @ 80, 500 @ 100, 800 @ 80, 650 @ 100, Not specified
150 @ 150 : 250 @ 150 420 @ 150 :
500 @ 80, 400 @ 100, 1,000 @ 80,
200 @ 150 800 @ 100, 500 @ 150
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 40-150 40-150
mA range
Small focus 20-200 20-200 20-200 10-320 *
Large focus 100-400 : 100-500 100-600 100-800 : 100-1,000 10-320 *
mAs range 0.4-600 0.4-600 0.5-600 0.5-1,000 (non-AEC)
Timer range, sec 0.003-6 0.003-6 0.003-6 0.001-6.3
Switching IGBT IGBT IGBT FET inverter,

100 kHz
AEC Optional Optional Optional Yes
Detector type Solid-state Solid-state Solid-state Ion chamber, solid-
state, or PMT
Anatomic
programming 160 exams 160 exams 160 exams 768 techniques
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE Optional Optional Optional Yes

kV range 50-125 50-125 50-125 40-125
mA range 0.5-9 0.5-9 0.5-9 0.5-6 continuous **
Maximum number of
exposures/sec 10 10 10 Not specified
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance 10 with ABS 10 with ABS 10 with ABS Not specified
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec No No No 2.5, 6, 12.5, 25,50;
3, 7.5, 15, 30, 60 ***
Automatic


* Not to exceed manufacturer's x-ray tube limits. two pages covering
** High-contrast fluoroscopy levels available. the above model(s).
*** Imaging system dependent. These specifications
With multiple programmable kV/mA tracking curves. continue onto the

next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL CONTROL-X CONTROL-X CONTROL-X CPI
PCX HF PCX HF PCX HF Indico 100 32 kW

350HF : 450HF 550HF 850HF : 1050HF
LINE VOLTAGE
SELF-DIAGNOSTICS Yes Yes Yes Error codes
POWER REQUIREMENTS 208-240 VAC, 240 or 380-400 VAC, 380/480 VAC, 230 VAC, single
50/60 Hz, single or 50/60 Hz, 3 phase 50/60 Hz, 3 phase phase; 400/480,
3 phase or 3 phase *
380-400 VAC,
50/60 Hz, 3 phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 40 x 46 x 95 40 x 46 x 95 57 x 56 x 203 2.4 x 22 x 9.1
(16 x 18 x 37.5) (16 x 18 x 37.5) (22.5 x 22.25 x 80) (6.1 x 55.9 x 23.1)
Weight, kg (lb) 120 (265) 120 (265) 306 (680) Not specified
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) Included in cabinet Included in cabinet Included in cabinet 17.7 x 61.3 x 53.3
(7 x 24.1 x 21.1)
Weight, kg (lb) Included in cabinet Included in cabinet Included in cabinet 240 (529.2)
List price,
Warranty 5 years (2 full, 5 years (2 full, 5 years (2 full, Not specified

3 prorated) 3 prorated) 3 prorated)
Fiscal year January to December January to December January to December Not specified
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS PC controlled with PC controlled with PC controlled with Optional GenWare
touchscreen monitor, touchscreen monitor, touchscreen monitor, service software,
manual override, manual override, manual override, DSS, digital inter-
technique technique technique face, laptop inter-
reprogramming, self- reprogramming, self- reprogramming, self- face, remote fluoro,
diagnostic software. diagnostic software. diagnostic software. pedestal stand, wall
mount, x-ray hand-
2 2
switch, A EC ,
kV/mAs stepping.

* Other output power levels available between 30 kW and 50 kW with single-phase input requirements.

MODEL CPI CPI CPI CPI
Indico 100 50 kW Indico 100 65 kW Indico 100 80 kW MILLENIA 350

TYPE High frequency High frequency High frequency High frequency
MICROPROCESSOR
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 50 65 80 30
mA @ kVp Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 40-150 40-150
mA range
Small focus 10-630 * 10-800 * 10-1,000 * 10-320
Large focus 10-630 * 10-800 * 10-1,000 * 10-320
mAs range 0.5-1,000 (non-AEC) 0.5-1,000 (non-AEC) 0.5-1,000 (non-AEC) 0.5-1,000 (non-AEC)
Timer range, sec 0.001-6.3 0.001-6.3 0.001-6.3 0.002-6.3
Switching FET inverter, FET inverter, FET inverter, NA

100 kHz 100 kHz 100 kHz
AEC Yes Yes Yes Yes
Detector type Ion chamber, solid- Ion chamber, solid- Ion chamber, solid- Ion chamber or
state, or PMT state, or PMT state, or PMT solid-state
Anatomic
programming 768 techniques 768 techniques 768 techniques 768 techniques
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE Yes Yes Yes Yes

kV range 40-125 40-125 40-125 40-125
mA range 0.5-6 continuous ** 0.5-6 continuous ** 0.5-6 continuous ** 0.5-6
Maximum number of
exposures/sec Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec 2.5, 6, 12.5, 25,50; 2.5, 6, 12.5, 25,50; 2.5, 6, 12.5, 25,50; 3, 7.5, 15, 30
3, 7.5, 15, 30, 60 *** 3, 7.5, 15, 30, 60 *** 3, 7.5, 15, 30, 60 ***
Automatic


* Not to exceed manufacturer's x-ray tube limits. two pages covering
** High-contrast fluoroscopy levels available. the above model(s).
*** Imaging system dependent. These specifications
With multiple programmable kV/mA tracking curves. continue onto the

next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL CPI CPI CPI CPI
Indico 100 50 kW Indico 100 65 kW Indico 100 80 kW MILLENIA 350

LINE VOLTAGE
SELF-DIAGNOSTICS Error codes Error codes Error codes Error codes
POWER REQUIREMENTS 400/480 VAC, 3 phase * 400/480 VAC, 3 phase 400/480 VAC, 3 phase 240 VAC, single
phase; 400/480 VAC,
3 phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 2.4 x 22 x 9.1 2.4 x 22 x 9.1 2.4 x 22 x 9.1 2.4 x 22 x 9.1
(6.1 x 55.9 x 23.1) (6.1 x 55.9 x 23.1) (6.1 x 55.9 x 23.1) (6.1 x 55.9 x 23.1)
Weight, kg (lb) Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 17.7 x 61.3 x 53.3 17.7 x 61.3 x 53.3 17.7 x 61.3 x 53.3 17.7 x 61.3 x 53.3
(7 x 24.1 x 21.1) (7 x 24.1 x 21.1) (7 x 24.1 x 21.1) (7 x 24.1 x 21.1)
Weight, kg (lb) 240 (529.2) 240 (529.2) 240 (529.2) 240 (529.2)
List price,
Warranty Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Optional GenWare Optional GenWare Optional GenWare Optional GenWare
service software, service software, service software, service software,
DSS, digital inter- DSS, digital inter- DSS, digital inter- DSS, digital inter-
face, laptop interface, laptop interface, laptop interface, laptop inter-
face, remote fluoro, face, remote fluoro, face, remote fluoro, face, remote fluoro,
pedestal stand, wall pedestal stand, wall pedestal stand, wall pedestal stand, wall
mount, x-ray hand- mount, x-ray hand- mount, x-ray hand- mount, x-ray hand-
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
switch, A EC , switch, A EC , switch, A EC , switch, A EC ,
kV/mAs stepping. kV/mAs stepping. kV/mAs stepping. kV/mAs stepping.

* Other output power levels available between 30 kW and 50 kW with single-phase input requirements.

MODEL CPI CPI CPI DAEYOUNG
FAILED TO RESPOND *
MILLENIA 650 MILLENIA 850 MILLENIA 1050 DYD-1250Z
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide Asia, Australia,

Middle East
FDA CLEARANCE Yes Yes Yes No

CE MARK (MDD) Yes Yes Yes No
TYPE High frequency High frequency High frequency Single phase
MICROPROCESSOR
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 50 65 80 50
mA @ kVp Not specified Not specified Not specified 500 @ 100
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 40-150 45-125
mA range
Small focus 10-630 10-800 10-1,000 50-100
Large focus 10-630 10-800 10-1,000 200-500
mAs range 0.5-1,000 (non-AEC) 0.5-1,000 (non-AEC) 0.5-1,000 (non-AEC) 1-800
Timer range, sec 0.002-6.3 0.002-6.3 0.002-6.3 0.02-6
Switching NA NA NA Not specified
AEC Yes Yes Yes No

Detector type Ion chamber or Ion chamber or Ion chamber or Not specified
solid-state solid-state solid-state
Anatomic
programming 768 techniques 768 techniques 768 techniques Yes
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE Yes Yes Yes No

kV range 40-125 40-125 40-125 NA
mA range 0.5-6 0.5-6 0.5-6 NA
Maximum number of
exposures/sec Not specified Not specified Not specified NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance Not specified Not specified Not specified NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec 3, 7.5, 15, 30 3, 7.5, 15, 30 3, 7.5, 15, 30 NA
Automatic
brightness control Yes Yes Yes NA

* Specifications current as of March 2000. two pages covering
the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL CPI CPI CPI DAEYOUNG
FAILED TO RESPOND *
MILLENIA 650 MILLENIA 850 MILLENIA 1050 DYD-1250Z
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE Yes Yes Yes No

LINE VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Automatic Manual
SELF-DIAGNOSTICS Error codes Error codes Error codes Yes
POWER REQUIREMENTS 400/480 VAC, 3 phase 400/480 VAC, 3 phase 400/480 VAC, 3 phase 220/380/440 VAC,
50/60 Hz
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 2.4 x 22 x 9.1 2.4 x 22 x 9.1 2.4 x 22 x 9.1 92 x 53 x 36
(6.1 x 55.9 x 23.1) (6.1 x 55.9 x 23.1) (6.1 x 55.9 x 23.1) (36.2 x 20.9 x 14.2)
Weight, kg (lb) Not specified Not specified Not specified 75 (165.4)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 17.7 x 61.3 x 53.3 17.7 x 61.3 x 53.3 17.7 x 61.3 x 53.3 42 x 45 x 52
(7 x 24.1 x 21.1) (7 x 24.1 x 21.1) (7 x 24.1 x 21.1) (16.5 x 17.7 x 20.5)
Weight, kg (lb) 240 (529.2) 240 (529.2) 240 (529.2) 166 (366)
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified Not specified $15,000
Warranty Not specified Not specified Not specified 2 years
Year first sold Not specified Not specified Not specified 1995
Fiscal year Not specified Not specified Not specified January to December
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Optional GenWare Optional GenWare Optional GenWare None specified.
service software, service software, service software,
DSS, digital inter- DSS, digital inter- DSS, digital inter-
face, laptop interface, laptop interface, laptop inter-
face, remote fluoro, face, remote fluoro, face, remote fluoro,
pedestal stand, wall pedestal stand, wall pedestal stand, wall
mount, x-ray hand- mount, x-ray hand- mount, x-ray hand-
2 2 2 2 2 2
switch, A EC , switch, A EC , switch, A EC ,
kV/mAs stepping. kV/mAs stepping. kV/mAs stepping.

* Specifications current as of March 2000.

MODEL DEL MEDICAL DEL MEDICAL DEL MEDICAL EMD TECHNOLOGIES
ATC 525 : ATC 725 ATC 650 : ATC 850 GX-525 CPX 160
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide, except

Europe

CE MARK (MDD) No Yes No No
TYPE High frequency High frequency High frequency Constant potential
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes No Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 40 : 50 65 : 80 30 60
mA @ kVp 400 @ 100 : 800 @ 80, 630 @ 300 @ 100 800 @ 75
500 @ 100 100 : 1,000 @ 80,
800 @ 100
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 40-150 40-125 40-150
mA range
Small focus 600 max : 700 max 320 max 500 maximum 10-800 *
Large focus 600 max : 700 max 800 max : 1,000 max 500 maximum 10-800 *
mAs range 1-500 : 1-600 0.5-1,000 1-500 0.4-1,000
Timer range, sec 0.01-6 0.002-6 0.0083-6 0.001-8
Switching SCR inverter SCR inverter SCR inverter HV solid-state

secondary
Detector type Ion chamber Ion chamber Ion chamber Ion chamber or PMT
Anatomic
programming Yes Yes No Yes
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE No Optional No Yes

kV range NA 40-125 NA 40-125
mA range NA 0.5-6 NA 0.5-10 continuous,

10-50 pulsed
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA 30 NA Not specified
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA Not specified NA 5; 10 with ARS
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA 3.75/7.5/15/30 NA 30, 15, 10, 7.5, 5,
3.75 (optional)
Automatic
brightness control NA Yes NA Yes **

* Automatic/manual focal spot selection. two pages covering
** With 2 editable kV/mA tracking curves. the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL DEL MEDICAL DEL MEDICAL DEL MEDICAL EMD TECHNOLOGIES
ATC 525 : ATC 725 ATC 650 : ATC 850 GX-525 CPX 160
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE Optional Yes Optional Yes

LINE VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Yes Yes Yes Automatic
POWER REQUIREMENTS 208-240 VAC, 1 phase 400/480 VAC, 3 phase 240 VAC, 150 A, 208/220-240/440-480
(30 kW version) or 60 Hz, 1 phase or VAC, 50/60 Hz,
208-480 VAC, 3 phase 208-480 VAC, single phase
: 208-480 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 3 phase
3 phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 92.7 x 40.6 x 32.4 88.9 x 55.9 x 25.4 33 x 25.4 x 7.6 6.6 x 43 x 23
(36.5 x 16 x 12.75) (35 x 22 x 10) (13 x 10 x 3) (2.6 x 17 x 9)
Weight, kg (lb) 36.3 (80) 13.6 (30) 36.3 (80) 1 (2.2)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 161 x 67.3 x 49.5 175 x 61 x 54 27.9 x 38.1 x 43.2 155 x 56 x 53
(63.3 x 26.5 x 19.5) (68.9 x 24 x 56.5) (11 x 15 x 17); 46 x (61 x 22 x 21)
rack cabinet rack cabinet 66 x 46 (18 x 26 x
18) power module
Weight, kg (lb) 272 (600) 317.5 (700) 54 (118); 55 (120) 545 (1,200)
power module
List price,
std configuration $17,500 : $25,000 $40,575 : $50,775 $13,000 Not specified
Warranty 1 year, parts 1 year, parts 1 year, parts 1 year
Year first sold 1991 1990 1987 1996

Fiscal year August to July August to July August to July June to May
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Meets requirements Meets requirements Meets requirements Integrated low-speed
of ISO 9001 and UL. of ISO 9001 and of ISO 9001 and UL. starter; high-speed
UL 2601. starter; automatic
tube calibration;
anode heat integra-
tor; mA stabilizer;
x-ray tube overload
protection; standard
universal interface;
single cabinet and
console. Complies
with most standards.

MODEL EMD TECHNOLOGIES EMD TECHNOLOGIES EMD TECHNOLOGIES FURRER
CPX 360 CPX 380 CPX 3100 Raypower RP-50
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide Internationally
FDA CLEARANCE Yes Yes Yes No

TYPE Constant potential Constant potential Constant potential High frequency
MICROPROCESSOR
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 60 80 100 50
mA @ kVp 800 @ 75 1,000 @ 80 1,000 @ 100 500 @ 100
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 40-150 40-125
mA range
Small focus 10-800 * 10-1,000 * 10-1,000 * 1-300
Large focus 10-800 * 10-1,000 * 10-1,000 * 1-500
mAs range 0.4-1,000 0.4-1,000 0.4-1,000 0.5-600
Timer range, sec 0.001-8 0.001-8 0.001-8 0.003-5
Switching HV solid-state HV solid-state HV solid-state IGBT

secondary secondary secondary
AEC Yes Yes Yes Optional
Detector type Ion chamber or PMT Ion chamber or PMT PMT or photodiode Ion chamber
Anatomic
programming Yes Yes Yes 75 programs
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE Yes Yes Yes No

kV range 40-125 40-125 40-125 NA
mA range 0.5-10 continuous, 0.5-10 continuous, 0.5-10 continuous, NA

10-50 pulsed 10-50 pulsed 10-200 pulsed
Maximum number of
exposures/sec Not specified Not specified Not specified NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance 5; 10 with ARS 5; 10 with ARS 5; 20 with ARS NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec 30, 15, 10, 7.5, 5, 30, 15, 10, 7.5, 5, 30, 15, 7.5 NA
3.75 (optional) 3.75 (optional)
Automatic
brightness control Yes ** Yes ** Yes NA

* Automatic/manual focal spot selection. two pages covering
** With 2 editable kV/mA tracking curves. the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL EMD TECHNOLOGIES EMD TECHNOLOGIES EMD TECHNOLOGIES FURRER
CPX 360 CPX 380 CPX 3100 Raypower RP-50
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE Yes Yes Yes No

LINE VOLTAGE
POWER REQUIREMENTS 208/220-240/440-480 208/220-240/440-480 440-480 VAC, 360-440 VAC,

VAC, 50/60 Hz, VAC, 50/60 Hz, 50/60 Hz, 3 phase 50/60 Hz,
3 phase 3 phase 3 phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 6.6 x 43 x 23 6.6 x 43 x 23 6.6 x 43 x 23 28 x 20 x 4
(2.6 x 17 x 9) (2.6 x 17 x 9) (2.6 x 17 x 9) (11 x 7.9 x 1.6)
Weight, kg (lb) 1 (2.2) 1 (2.2) 1 (2.2) 0.8 (1.8)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 160 x 56 x 58 160 x 56 x 58 160 x 56 x 58 Integral
(63 x 22 x 23) (63 x 22 x 23) (63 x 22 x 23)
Weight, kg (lb) 636 (1,400) 636 (1,400) 636 (1,400) 55 (121)
List price,
Warranty 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 year
Year first sold 1998 1996 1996 Not specified

Fiscal year June to May June to May June to May January to December
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Integrated low-speed Integrated low-speed For cardiovascular High-power inverter
starter; high-speed starter; high-speed applications; IGBT; micro-
starter; automatic starter; automatic standard pulse processor
tube calibration; tube calibration; fluoroscopy with controlled; fault
anode heat integra- anode heat integra- nongridded tubes; self-diagnostic on
tor; mA stabilizer; tor; mA stabilizer; anode heat integra- display.
x-ray tube overload x-ray tube overload tor; integrated
protection; standard protection; standard high-speed starter;
universal interface; universal interface; standard universal
single cabinet and single cabinet and interface. Complies
console; optional console. Complies with most standards.
integrated high- with most standards.
speed starter.
Complies with most
standards.

MODEL GEMS GEMS GEMS GEMS
Advantx HF System MPH Proteus XR/a Silhouette VR

65 : 80 50 : 65 : 80

TYPE 3 phase, High frequency, Not specified Not specified

high frequency 100 kHz
MICROPROCESSOR
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 65 : 80 50 : 65 : 80 32, 50, 65, 80 32; 50 optional
mA @ kVp See footnote * See footnote ** Not specified Not specified
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 40-150 kVp 40-150 kVp
mA range
Small focus 10-320 Not specified 10-400 @ 32 kW *** 10-400; 630 @ 50 kW
Large focus 160-800 : 1,000 Not specified 10-400 @ 32 kW *** 10-400; 630 @ 50 kW
mAs range 0.25-640 0.5-640 Not specified Not specified
Timer range, sec 0.001-10 0.001-6.4 0.0001-6.3 0.00125-6.3;

0.001 (50 kW)
Switching IBET IGBT Not specified Not specified
AEC Yes Yes Yes Yes

Anatomic
programming 240 programmable 48 programmable >1,700 programs >1,700 programs
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE Yes Yes No No

kV range 60-120 40-125 NA NA
mA range 0-25 0.4-10 NA NA
Maximum number of
exposures/sec Not specified 12 NA NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance 9.5 95 NA NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec Not specified Not specified NA NA
Automatic
brightness control Yes Yes NA NA

* [640 : 1,000 mA] @ 80 kVp; [640 : 800 mA] @ 100 kVp; [500 : 640 mA] @ 125 kVp; [400 : 500 mA] @ 150 kVp. two pages covering
** [640 : 800 : 1,000 mA] @ 80 kVp; [500 : 600 : 800 mA] @ 100 kVp; [400 : 520 : 640 mA] @ 125 kVp; [333 : 433 : 533 mA] the above model(s).
@ 150 kVp. These specifications
*** 10-630 @ 50 kW, 10-800 @ 65 kW, 10-1,000 @ 80 kW. continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL GEMS GEMS GEMS GEMS
Advantx HF System MPH Proteus XR/a Silhouette VR

65 : 80 50 : 65 : 80
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE Optional Optional Optional No
LINE VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Yes Yes 10% 10%
POWER REQUIREMENTS 380-480 VAC, 380-480 VAC, 380-480 VAC, 10%; 380-480 VAC, 10%;
50/60 Hz, 50/60 Hz, 3 phase 50/60 Hz, 5%; 50/60 Hz, 5%;
3 phase, 3 phase 3 phase
[102 : 137] kVA
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 198.1 x 101.6 x 47 195.1 x 101.6 x 44.5 Not specified NA (integrated into
(78 x 40 x 18.5) (76.8 x 40 x 17.5) table base)
Weight, kg (lb) 436.3 (962) 299.3 (660) Not specified NA
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) Not specified Not specified Not specified 48.3 x 40 x 49.7
(19 x 15.7 x 19.6)
Weight, kg (lb) Not specified Not specified Not specified 30 (66)
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified Not specified NA
Warranty 6 months 6 months 1 year 1 year
Year first sold Not specified Not specified 1999 1998

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Tube overload None specified. None specified. Integrated into
protection; system table base to save
manager. space.

MODEL GTR LABS GTR LABS GTR LABS GTR LABS
CF-3 CR-30RF CR-50RF CR-600C

CE MARK (MDD) No No No No
TYPE High frequency High frequency High frequency High frequency,

cardiac cath lab
MICROPROCESSOR
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 6 30 50 60
mA @ kVp 50 @ 125 300 @ 100 500 @ 100 600 @ 100
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range NA 40-125 40-150 NA
mA range
Small focus NA 25-400 25-600 NA
Large focus NA 25-400 25-600 NA
mAs range NA 0.05-600 0.05-600 NA
Timer range, sec NA 0.002-6 0.002-6 NA
Switching NA Inverter Inverter NA
AEC NA Yes No NA
Detector type NA Ion chamber NA NA
Anatomic
programming No No No NA

kV range 40-125 40-125 40-125 40-125
mA range 15-50 15-25 15-25 25-600
Maximum number of
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance 10 with ABS 10 with ABS 10 with ABS 10 with ABS
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec 1-60 1-60 1-60 1-60
Automatic

two pages covering
the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

CF-3 CR-30RF CR-50RF CR-600C
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE No Yes Yes No

LINE VOLTAGE
POWER REQUIREMENTS 188-253 VAC, 50/60 188-253 VAC, 50/60 188-253 VAC, 50/60 188-253 VAC, 50/60
Hz, single phase Hz, single phase Hz, 3 phase Hz, 3 phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 61 x 63.5 x 25.4 61 x 63.5 x 25.4 61 x 63.5 x 25.4 68.6 x 81.3 x 193
(24 x 25 x 10) (24 x 25 x 10) (24 x 25 x 10) (27 x 32 x 76)
Weight, kg (lb) 22.9 (50) 31.7 (70) 31.7 (70) 136 (300)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 30.5 x 40.6 x 30.5 30.5 x 40.6 x 30.5 30.5 x 40.6 x 30.5 Included
(12 x 16 x 12) (12 x 16 x 12) (12 x 16 x 12)
Weight, kg (lb) 38.5 (85) 38.5 (85) 38.5 (85) Included
List price,
std configuration $14,600 $16,150 $17,710 $21,875
Year first sold 1996 1996 1996 1996

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS UL listed. UL listed. UL listed. None specified.

V-10 V-20 V-30 V-40

CE MARK (MDD) No No No No
MICROPROCESSOR
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 10 20 30 40
mA @ kVp 100 @ 100 200 @ 100 300 @ 100 400 @ 100
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 40-125 40-125 40-150
mA range
Small focus 25-200 25-300 25-400 25-500
Large focus 25-200 25-300 25-400 25-500
mAs range 0.05-600 0.05-600 0.05-600 0.05-600
Timer range, sec 0.002-6 0.002-6 0.002-6 0.002-6
Switching Inverter Inverter Inverter Inverter

Anatomic
programming No No No No
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE No No No No
kV range NA NA NA NA
mA range NA NA NA NA
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA NA NA NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA NA NA NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA NA NA NA
Automatic
brightness control NA NA NA NA

two pages covering
the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

V-10 V-20 V-30 V-40

LINE VOLTAGE
POWER REQUIREMENTS 188-253 VAC, 50/60 188-253 VAC, 50/60 188-253 VAC, 50/60 188-253 VAC, 50/60
Hz, single phase Hz, single phase Hz, single phase Hz, 3 phase (option-
al 380 VAC, 3 phase)
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 111.8 x 61 x 31.8 111.8 x 61 x 31.8 111.8 x 61 x 31.8 111.8 x 61 x 31.8
(44 x 24 x 12.5) (44 x 24 x 12.5) (44 x 24 x 12.5) (44 x 24 x 12.5)
Weight, kg (lb) 68 (150) 68 (150) 68 (150) 68 (150)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) Included Included Included Included
Weight, kg (lb) Included Included Included Included
List price,
std configuration $5,835 (plus $7,290 (plus $9,115 (plus $11,400
options) options) options)
Year first sold 2000 2000 2000 2000

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS UL listed. UL listed. UL listed. UL listed.

MODEL GTR LABS HOFMANN DMT HOFMANN DMT HOFMANN DMT
V-50 Selector D 50 Selector D 80 Selector D 100

(50 kW)
FDA CLEARANCE Yes Yes Yes Submitted

CE MARK (MDD) No Yes Yes Submitted
TYPE High frequency Medium-frequency Medium-frequency High-frequency

multipulse multipulse (100 kHz) multipulse
HT ripple
MICROPROCESSOR
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 50 50 80 50
mA @ kVp 500 @ 100 700 @ 70, 1,000 @ 80, 800 @ 60,
500 @ 100, 800 @ 100, 700 @ 70,
400 @ 125, 500 @ 125, 500 @ 100,
300 @ 150 400 @ 150 400 @ 120, 330 @ 150
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 40-150 40-150
mA range
Small focus 25-600 10-700 10-700 10-700
Large focus 25-600 10-700 10-700 10-700
mAs range 0.05-600 1-600 1-600 1-600
Timer range, sec 0.002-6 0.001-3 0.001-3 0.001-3
AEC Yes Yes Yes Yes

Detector type Ion chamber Ion-chamber, others Ion-chamber, others Ion chamber, others
Anatomic
programming No 99 programs 99 programs 100 programs,
optional 300
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE No Yes Yes Yes
kV range NA 35-125 35-125 35-125
mA range NA 0.1-20 0.1-20 0.1-20
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA 6 6 30
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA Not specified Not specified Not specified
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA NA 1-30 1-60
Automatic
brightness control NA Yes Yes Yes

two pages covering
the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL GTR LABS HOFMANN DMT HOFMANN DMT HOFMANN DMT
V-50 Selector D 50 Selector D 80 Selector D 100

(50 kW)
LINE VOLTAGE
POWER REQUIREMENTS 188-253 VAC, 50/60 208-240 VAC, 400-480 VAC, 400-480 VAC,
Hz, 3 phase (option- 50/60 Hz, 1 phase; 50/60 Hz, 3 phase 50/60 Hz, 3 phase
al 380 VAC, 3 phase) 400-480 VAC,
50/60 Hz, 3 phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 111.8 x 61 x 31.8 172 x 60 x 40 172 x 60 x 40 108 x 60 x 40
(44 x 24 x 12.5) (67.7 x 23.6 x 15.7) (67.7 x 23.6 x 15.7) (42.5 x 23.6 x 15.7)
Weight, kg (lb) 68 (150) 165 (363.8) 165 (363.8) Not specified
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) Included Included in cabinet Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
Weight, kg (lb) Included Included in cabinet Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
List price,
std configuration $14,230 Not specified Not specified Not specified
Year first sold 2000 1997 1997 2000

Fiscal year Not specified January to December January to December January to December
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS UL listed. Panel with VGA color Panel with VGA color Modular construc-
display; flat display; flat tion; interface for
keypad; interface keypad; interface digital image pro-
for printing; heat for printing; heat cessing; compatible
unit calculator. unit calculator. with other systems
Complies with EU Complies with EU through CAN bus and
standard 93/42/EU standard 93/42/EU setup program; HU
appendix III, appendix III, calculator; solid-
IEC 60601-1, IEC 60601-1, state detector;
60601-2-7. 60601-2-7. supports several
workstations;
optional
monochrome/VGA
displays.
Complies with all
international
standards.

MODEL HOFMANN DMT HOFMANN DMT HOFMANN DMT HOFMANN DMT
Selector D 100 Selector D 100 Selector MD 50 Selector MD 80

(65 kW) (80 kW)
FDA CLEARANCE Submitted Submitted Yes Yes

CE MARK (MDD) Submitted Submitted Yes Yes
TYPE High-frequency High-frequency Medium-frequency Medium-frequency

(100 kHz) multipulse (100 kHz) multipulse multipulse multipulse
HT ripple HT ripple
MICROPROCESSOR
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 65 80 50 80
mA @ kVp 1,000 @ 60, 1,000 @ 60, 700 @ 70, 1,000 @ 80,
800 @ 80, 1,000 @ 80, 500 @ 100, 800 @ 100,
650 @ 100, 800 @ 100, 400 @ 125, 500 @ 125,
540 @ 120, 430 @ 150 560 @ 120, 530 @ 150 300 @ 150 400 @ 150
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 40-150 40-150
mA range
Small focus 10-1,000 10-1,000 Not specified Not specified
Large focus 10-1,000 10-1,000 Not specified Not specified
mAs range 1-600 1-600 1-600 1-600
Timer range, sec 0.001-3 0.001-3 0.001-3 0.001-3
AEC Yes Yes Yes Yes

Detector type Ion chamber, others Ion chamber, others Ion chamber, others Ion chamber, others
Anatomic
programming 100 programs, 100 programs, 30 programs 30 programs
optional 300 optional 300
kV range 35-125 35-125 35-125 35-125
mA range 0.1-20 0.1-20 0.1-20 0.1-20
Maximum number of
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec 1-60 1-60 NA 1-30
Automatic

two pages covering
the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL HOFMANN DMT HOFMANN DMT HOFMANN DMT HOFMANN DMT
Selector D 100 Selector D 100 Selector MD 50 Selector MD 80

(65 kW) (80 kW)
LINE VOLTAGE
POWER REQUIREMENTS 400-480 VAC, 400-480 VAC, 400-480 VAC, 400-480 VAC,
50/60 Hz, 3 phase 50/60 Hz, 3 phase 50/60 Hz, 3 phase 50/60 Hz, 3 phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
(42.5 x 23.6 x 15.7) (42.5 x 23.6 x 15.7) (67.7 x 23.6 x 15.7) (67.7 x 23.6 x 15.7)
Weight, kg (lb) Not specified Not specified 165 (363.8) 165 (363.8)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) Included in cabinet Included in cabinet Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
Weight, kg (lb) Included in cabinet Included in cabinet Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
List price,
Year first sold 2001 2001 1993 1993

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Modular construc- Modular construc- Multiprocessor- Multiprocessor-
tion; interface for tion; interface for control AEC, APR; control AEC, APR;
digital image pro- digital image pro- tube overload tube overload
cessing; compatible cessing; compatible protection. Complies protection. Complies
with other systems with other systems with EU standard with EU standard
through CAN bus and through CAN bus and 93/42/EU appendix 93/42/EU appendix
setup program; HU setup program; HU III, IEC 60601-1, III, IEC 60601-1,
calculator; solid- calculator; solid- 60601-2-7. 60601-2-7.
state detector; state detector;
supports several supports several
workstations; workstations;
optional optional
monochrome/VGA monochrome/VGA
displays. displays.
Complies with all Complies with all
international international
standards. standards.

MODEL HOLOGIC HOLOGIC HOLOGIC HOLOGIC
HFQ-3000P HFQ-6000P HFQ-8000P HFQ-10000P

TYPE High frequency, High frequency, High frequency, High frequency,

100 kHz 100 kHz 100 kHz 100 kHz
MICROPROCESSOR
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 20 300 @ 100 40 50
mA @ kVp 200 @ 100 300 @ 100 400 @ 100 500 @ 100
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125, increments 40-125, increments 40-125, increments 40-125, increments
of 1 of 1 of 1 of 1
mA range
Small focus 25-150 25-150 25-150 25-150
Large focus 150-300 200-600 200-600 200-600
mAs range 0.8-600 0.8-600 0.8-600 0.8-600
Timer range, sec 0.005-6 (200 steps) 0.005-6 (200 steps) 0.005-6 (200 steps) 0.005-6 (200 steps)
Switching IGBT IGBT IGBT IGBT

Anatomic
programming 72 programmable 72 programmable 72 programmable 72 programmable
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE No No No No
kV range NA NA NA NA
mA range NA NA NA NA
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA NA NA NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA NA NA NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA NA NA NA
Automatic
brightness control NA NA NA NA

two pages covering
the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

HFQ-3000P HFQ-6000P HFQ-8000P HFQ-10000P
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE No No No No
X-RAY TUBES, MAXIMUM 1; 2 optional 1; 2 optional 1; 2 optional 1; 2 optional
LINE VOLTAGE
POWER REQUIREMENTS 200-270 VAC, 100 A, 200-270 VAC, 200 A, 380-480 VAC, 60 A 380-480 VAC, 70 A
single phase single phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
(63 x 24 x 17) (63 x 24 x 17) (63 x 24 x 17) (63 x 24 x 17)
Weight, kg (lb) 160 (350) 204 (450) 204 (450) 227 (500)
HV transformer
List price,
Warranty 1 year, parts 1 year, parts 1 year, parts 1 year, parts
Year first sold 1994 1994 1994 1994

Fiscal year October to September October to September October to September October to September
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Control panel Control panel Control panel can be Control panel can be
pedestal or wall pedestal or wall pedestal or wall pedestal or wall
mount optional. mount optional. mounted; optional mounted; optional
high-speed starter. high-speed starter.

HFQ-12050P HFQ-6000SE TM-50/TM-50-2 : TM-50 R/F :

TM-65/TM-65-2 TM-65 R/F

TYPE High frequency, High frequency, High frequency High frequency

100 kHz 100 kHz
MICROPROCESSOR
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 60 30 50 : 65 50 : 65
mA @ kVp 600 @ 100 300 @ 100 500 @ 100 : 500 @ 100 :
600 @ 100 600 @ 100
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 : 40-150, 40-125, increments 40-150 40-150
increments of 1 of 1
mA range
Small focus 25-150 25-150 25-150 : 25-300 25-150 : 25-300
Large focus 200-600 100-300 200-800 200-800
mAs range 0.8-600 0.8-600 0.5-900 0.5-900
Timer range, sec 0.005-6 (200 steps) 0.005-6 (200 steps) 0.005-6 0.005-6
Switching IGBT IGBT SCR SCR
AEC Optional Optional Optional : Yes Yes

Anatomic
programming 72 programmable 72 programmable Yes Yes
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE No No No Yes

kV range NA NA NA 50-125
mA range NA NA NA 0.4 and up
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA NA NA 6
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA NA NA 10
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA NA NA 1.9-30
Automatic
brightness control NA NA NA Yes

two pages covering
the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

HFQ-12050P HFQ-6000SE TM-50/TM-50-2 : TM-50 R/F :

TM-65/TM-65-2 TM-65 R/F
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE No No Yes Yes
X-RAY TUBES, MAXIMUM 1; 2 optional 1; 2 optional 1 or 2 2
LINE VOLTAGE
POWER REQUIREMENTS 380-480 VAC, 100 A 110 VAC, 15 A, 240/480 VAC, 60 Hz, 480 VAC, 60 Hz;
60 Hz; 220 VAC, 3 phase; 380/400/415, 50 Hz,
10 A, 50 Hz 380/400/415 VAC, 3 phase
50 Hz, 3 phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
(63 x 24 x 17) (63 x 24 x 17) (73 x 26 x 20) (73 x 26 x 20)
Weight, kg (lb) 227 (500) 181 (400) 364 (802) 364 (802)
HV transformer
List price,
Warranty 1 year, parts 1 year, parts 1 year, parts 1 year, parts
Year first sold 1994 1994 Not specified Not specified

Fiscal year October to September October to September October to September October to September
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Control panel can be Control panel 3 operating modes 3 operating modes
pedestal or wall pedestal or wall plus bit mode; plus bit mode;
mounted; optional mount optional. HU integrator; HU integrator;
high-speed starter. optional high-speed remote fluoroscopic
starter. control; ABS.

MODEL HOLOGIC HOLOGIC IMD IMD
FAILED TO RESPOND * FAILED TO RESPOND *
TM-80-2 TM-80 R/F MCI 5 MCI 15
FDA CLEARANCE Yes Yes Submitted Submitted

CE MARK (MDD) Yes Yes Submitted Submitted
MICROPROCESSOR
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 80 80 3.5 15
mA @ kVp 800 @ 100 800 @ 100 35 @ 100 150 @ 100
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 4-110 40-120
mA range
Small focus 25-300 25-300 Not specified Not specified
Large focus 200-1,000 200-1,000 31-70 125-225
mAs range 0.5-900 0.5-900 0.5-320 0.5-100
Timer range, sec 0.005-6 0.005-6 Not specified Not specified
Switching SCR SCR Not specified Not specified
AEC Yes Yes No No

Detector type Ion chamber Ion chamber NA NA
Anatomic
programming Yes Yes 10 programs 10 programs
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE No Yes No No

kV range NA 50-125 NA NA
mA range NA 0.4 and up NA NA
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA 6 NA NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA 10 NA NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA 1.9-30 NA NA
Automatic
brightness control NA Yes NA NA

the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL HOLOGIC HOLOGIC IMD IMD
FAILED TO RESPOND * FAILED TO RESPOND *
TM-80-2 TM-80 R/F MCI 5 MCI 15
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE Yes Yes No No

LINE VOLTAGE
POWER REQUIREMENTS 480 VAC, 60 Hz; 480 VAC, 60 Hz; 230 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 230 VAC, 50/60 Hz,
380/400/415, 50 Hz, 380/400/415, 50 Hz, 18 A, single phase 12 A, single phase
3 phase 3 phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 185 x 66 x 51 185 x 66 x 51 106.5 x 64.5 x 36.5 106.5 x 64.5 x 36.5
(73 x 26 x 20) (73 x 26 x 20) (41.9 x 25.4 x 14.4) (41.9 x 25.4 x 14.4)
Weight, kg (lb) 364 (802) 364 (802) 85 (187.4) 130 (286.7)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) Included in cabinet Included in cabinet 45 x 40 x 38 46 x 45 x 38
(17.7 x 15.7 x 15) (18.1 x 17.7 x 15)
Weight, kg (lb) Included in cabinet Included in cabinet 35 (77.2) 40 (88.2)
List price,
Warranty 1 year, parts 1 year, parts 1 year 1 year
Fiscal year October to September October to September Not specified Not specified
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS 3 operating modes 3 operating modes None specified. None specified.
plus bit mode; plus bit mode;
HU integrator; HU integrator;
optional high-speed remote fluoroscopic
starter. control; ABS.


MODEL IMD LISTEM LISTEM LISTEM
FAILED TO RESPOND *
MCI 30 DC-525R : DC-525RH DC-550R : DC550RH DC-650R : DC-650RH
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide Not specified Not specified Not specified
FDA CLEARANCE Submitted Not specified Not specified Not specified

CE MARK (MDD) Submitted Submitted Submitted Submitted
TYPE High frequency 2 phase, 2 phase, 2 phase,

full wave full wave full wave
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes No No No
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 30 37 46 60 : 50
mA @ kVp 300 @ 100 500 @ 100, 500 @ 125, 600 @ 100,
400 @ 125 : 300 @ 150 300 @ 150
500 @ 100,
300 @ 125
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-120 40-125 40-150 : 40-125 40-150 : 40-125
mA range
Small focus Not specified 50-100 50-100 50-100
Large focus 140-425 150-500 150-500 150-600
mAs range 1-100 Not specified Not specified Not specified
Timer range, sec Not specified 0.008-6 0.008-6 0.008-6
Switching Not specified SCR SCR SCR
AEC No Optional Optional Optional

Detector type NA Not specified Not specified Not specified
Anatomic
programming 10 programs No No No
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE No No : Yes No : Yes No : Yes

kV range NA NA : 50-100 NA : 40-120 NA : 40-120
mA range NA NA : Not specified NA : Not specified NA : Not specified
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA NA : 12 NA : 12 NA : 12
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA NA : 5 NA : 5 NA : 5
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA NA : 60 NA : 60 NA : 120
Automatic
brightness control NA NA : Yes NA : No NA : No

the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL IMD LISTEM LISTEM LISTEM
FAILED TO RESPOND *
MCI 30 DC-525R : DC-525RH DC-550R : DC550RH DC-650R : DC-650RH
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE No Optional Optional Optional

X-RAY TUBES, MAXIMUM 1 1:2 1:2 1:2
LINE VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Manual Manual Manual
SELF-DIAGNOSTICS Yes Not specified Not specified Not specified
POWER REQUIREMENTS 230 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 220/380 VAC, 220/380 VAC, 220/380 VAC,
12 A, single phase 50/60 Hz, single 50/60 Hz, single 50/60 Hz, single
phase phase phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 106.5 x 64.5 x 36.5 95 x 30 x 62 95 x 30 x 62 95 x 30 x 62
(41.9 x 25.4 x 14.4) (37.4 x 11.8 x (37.4 x 11.8 x (37.4 x 11.8 x
24.4) : 97 x 30 x 69 24.4) : 97 x 30 x 69 24.4) : 97 x 30 x 69
(38.2 x 11.8 x 27.2) (38.2 x 11.8 x 27.2) (38.2 x 11.8 x 27.2)
Weight, kg (lb) 130 (286.7) 120 (264.6) 110 (242.6) : 120 (264.6)
120 (264.6)
HV transformer
(18.1 x 17.7 x 15) (29.9 x 16.9 x 20.9) (27.6 x 18.9 x 15) : (29.9 x 16.9 x
76 x 48 x 51 20.9) : 86 x 43 x 53
(29.9 x 18.9 x 20.1) (33.9 x 16.9 x 20.9)
Weight, kg (lb) 40 (88.2) 220 (485.1) 138 (304.3) : 220 (485.1)
220 (485.1)
List price,
Warranty 1 year Not specified Not specified Not specified
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS None specified. Meets requirements Meets requirements Meets requirements
of ISO 9001. of ISO 9001. of ISO 9001.


MODEL LISTEM LISTEM LISTEM LISTEM
DCHA-325R DCHA-525R : DCHA-550R : DCHA-650R :

DCHA-525RH DCHA-550RH DCHA-650RH
WHERE MARKETED Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
FDA CLEARANCE Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
TYPE Multipulse Multipulse Multipulse Multipulse
MICROPROCESSOR
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 37.5 40 50 60
mA @ kVp 300 @ 125 500 @ 80, 500 @ 100, 600 @ 100,
400 @ 100, 300 @ 150 500 @ 125,
300 @ 125 300 @ 150
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 40-125 40-150 40-150
mA range
Small focus 25-50, 75-100 25-50, 75-100 25-50, 75-100 25-50, 75-100
Large focus 150-200, 250-300 See footnote * 150-200, 250-300, 150-200, 250-300,
400-500 400-600
mAs range Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Timer range, sec 0.005-5 0.005-5 0.005-5 0.005-5

Detector type Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Anatomic
programming Yes Yes Yes Yes
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE Not specified No : Yes No : Yes No : Yes

kV range Not specified NA : 40-120 NA : 40-120 NA : 40-120
mA range Not specified NA : Not specified NA : Not specified NA : Not specified
Maximum number of
exposures/sec Not specified NA : 12 NA : 12 NA : 12
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance Not specified NA : 10 NA : 10 NA : 10
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec Not specified NA : 50 NA : 50 NA : 120
Automatic
brightness control Not specified NA : Yes NA : Yes NA : Yes

* 150-200, 250-300 : 150-200, 250-300, 400-500. two pages covering
the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

DCHA-325R DCHA-525R : DCHA-550R : DCHA-650R :

DCHA-525RH DCHA-550RH DCHA-650RH
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE Optional Optional Optional Optional
X-RAY TUBES, MAXIMUM 1 1:2 1:2 1:2
LINE VOLTAGE
SELF-DIAGNOSTICS Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
POWER REQUIREMENTS 220/380 VAC, 220/380 VAC, 220/380 VAC, 380 VAC, 50/60 Hz,
50/60 Hz, multipulse 50/60 Hz, multipulse 50/60 Hz, multipulse multipulse
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
(11.8 x 21.3 x 36.2) (14.2 x 21.3 x 36.2) (11.8 x 21.3 x (11.8 x 21.3 x 36.2)
24.4) : 35 x 54 x 92
(13.8 x 21.3 x 36.2)
Weight, kg (lb) Not specified Not specified Not specified 60 (132.3) :

61 (134.5)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 89 x 45 x 46 81 x 38 x 38 Not specified : 95 x 46 x 45
(35 x 17.7 x 18.1) (31.9 x 15 x 15) : 36 x 38 x 38 (37.4 x 18.1 x 17.7)
36 x 38 x 38 (14.2 x 15 x 15)
(14.2 x 15 x 15)
Weight, kg (lb) Not specified Not specified Not specified 110 (242.6)
List price,
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Meets requirements Meets requirements Meets requirements Meets requirements
of ISO 9001. of ISO 9001. of ISO 9001. of ISO 9001.

DXG-100N DXG-325R MC 120 NCG600
WHERE MARKETED Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
TYPE 2 phase, 2 phase, 2 phase, 2 phase,

full wave full wave full wave full wave
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED No No Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp Not specified 22 7.5 12
mA @ kVp 100 @ 80, 300 @ 100, 90 @ 120 180 @ 90,
25 @ 100 200 @ 125 90 @ 120
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-100 40-125 120 55-120
mA range
Small focus 25-100 50-100 90 90
Large focus Not specified 150-300 Not specified 180
Timer range, sec 0.01-6 0.008-6 0.005-5 0.005-5
Switching SCR SCR SCR SCR

Detector type Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Anatomic
programming No No No Yes
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE No No Not specified Not specified

kV range NA NA Not specified Not specified
mA range NA NA Not specified Not specified
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA NA Not specified Not specified
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA NA Not specified Not specified
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA NA Not specified Not specified
Automatic
brightness control NA NA Not specified Not specified

two pages covering
the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

DXG-100N DXG-325R MC 120 NCG600
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE Optional Optional No Optional

LINE VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Manual Manual Manual Manual
SELF-DIAGNOSTICS Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
POWER REQUIREMENTS 220/380 VAC, 220/380 VAC, 220 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 220/380/415 VAC,
50/60 Hz, single 50/60 Hz, single single phase 50/60 Hz, single
phase phase phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
(36.2 x 9.1 x 23.6) (37.4 x 11.8 x 24.4) (9.4 x 16.5 x 13) (20.9 x 12.2 x 29.5)
Weight, kg (lb) 80 (176.4) 120 (264.6) 20 (44.1) 60 (132.3)
HV transformer
(18.5 x 11.4 x 13) (29.9 x 16.9 x 20.9) (14.6 x 17.3 x 13) (14.2 x 16.1 x 23.6)
Weight, kg (lb) 105 (231.5) 220 (485.1) 60 (132.3) 80 (176.4)
List price,
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Meets requirements Meets requirements Meets requirements Meets requirements
of ISO 9001. of ISO 9001. of ISO 9001. of ISO 9001.

MODEL LISTEM MEDITECH MEDSTONE METALTRONICA
X ENT BBX-50 (30/80) xhf 330 Series TORIX 90
WHERE MARKETED Not specified Germany Worldwide Worldwide
FDA CLEARANCE Not specified No Yes No

CE MARK (MDD) Submitted Yes Yes Yes
TYPE 2 phase, 3 phase (6 or 12 100 kHz resonance High frequency,

full wave pulse) 25 kHz (50 kHz
ripple)
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Software controlled Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 2.8 50 (30-80) Up to 50 14
mA @ kVp 45 @ 75, 500 @ 100; 300-800 @ Up to 500 140 @ 100,
45 @ 85 not specified 200 @ 60,
130 @ 84,
100 @ 120
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 75, 85 40-125; optional 150 40-150 kVp 40-120
mA range
Small focus 45 50-200 Tube dependent 100-200
Large focus Not specified 50-500 Tube dependent NA
mAs range Not specified 1-600 maximum 2,300 maximum 0.3-200

programmable
Timer range, sec 0.005-5 0.004-3.6 0.003-13 0.0015-2
Switching SCR Thyristor Not specified Mosfet inverter
AEC Optional Yes Yes Optional

Detector type Not specified Ion chamber Ion chamber, solid Not specified
state
Anatomic
programming No 80 programs Yes 16 programs
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE Not specified Yes Optional No

kV range Not specified 125 max * 40-150 NA
mA range Not specified See footnote * 25, 40 NA
Maximum number of
exposures/sec Not specified Not specified Up to 30 NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance Not specified Not specified Selectable NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec Not specified Not specified 7.5-30 NA
Automatic
brightness control Not specified Not specified Yes NA

* Range is dose rate controlled. two pages covering
the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL LISTEM MEDITECH MEDSTONE METALTRONICA
X ENT BBX-50 (30/80) xhf 330 Series TORIX 90
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE No Yes Yes No

X-RAY TUBES, MAXIMUM 1 2 with 2 focal spots 1 1
LINE VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Manual Automatic Automatic Automatic
SELF-DIAGNOSTICS Not specified Text message on Yes Display of

screen defective block
POWER REQUIREMENTS 220 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 400 VAC 10%, 220-250 VAC, single 220/230/240 VAC,
single phase 50/60 Hz, 140 A, phase; 208/380/415/ 50/60 Hz
3 phase 480 VAC, 3 phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 30 x 7 x 19 190 x 60 x 410 36 x 63 x 37.5 105 x 70 x 50
(11.8 x 2.8 x 7.5) (74.8 x 23.6 x (14.2 x 24.8 x 14.8) (41.3 x 27.5 x 19.7)
161.4); 35 x 40 x 40
(13.8 x 15.7 x 15.7)
touchscreen monitor
Weight, kg (lb) Not specified 120 (265); 8 (17.6) Not specified 155 (342)
touchscreen monitor
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 19 x 26 x 26 100 x 50 x 50 Included in control Included in cabinet
(7.5 x 10.2 x 10.2) (39.4 x 19.7 x 19.7) cabinet
Weight, kg (lb) Not specified 300 (661) Included in control Included in cabinet
cabinet
List price,
std configuration Not specified DM 35,000-40,000 Not specified $17,000-30,500
(US$15,259-17,438)
Warranty Not specified 1 year 2 years 1 year
Year first sold Not specified 1992 1999 Not specified

Fiscal year Not specified January to December Not specified January to December
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Meets requirements Touchscreen virtual None specified. Low-voltage
of ISO 9001. keyboard; integrated capacitor discharge;
software-generated LCD display; tube-
constancy check; overload
printer documenta- microprocessor
tion of patient controlled;
examination parame- automatic line
ters; can be used compensation.
with available old
system HV trans-
formers (Siemens,
Picker, Europa, TUR,
GEMS, Hofmann,
Italray, etc.).

MODEL PACIONI PHILIPS PHILIPS PHILIPS
CLINIX-HF 650 OPTIMUS 50 OPTIMUS 65 OPTIMUS 80
FDA CLEARANCE Not specified Yes Yes Yes

CE MARK (MDD) Yes Not specified Not specified Not specified
TYPE High frequency, Direct-current Direct-current Direct-current

100 kHz, 3 phase equivalent, high equivalent, high equivalent, high
voltage generated by voltage generated by voltage generated by
converters converters converters
MICROPROCESSOR
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 50 50 65 80
mA @ kVp 600 @ 80, 650 @ 70, 900 @ 70, 1,100 @ 70,
500 @ 100, 500 @ 100, 650 @ 100, 800 @ 100,
400 @ 125, 400 @ 125, 520 @ 125, 640 @ 125,
320 @ 150 333 @ 150 433 @ 150 533 @ 150
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 (111 steps) 40-150 40-150 40-150
mA range
Small focus 35-600 (10 steps) 1-650 1-900 1-1,100
Large focus 35-600 (10 steps) 1-650 1-900 1-1,100
mAs range Not specified 0.5-850 0.5-800 0.5-800
Timer range, sec 0.002-9 (35 steps) 0.001-6 0.001-6 0.01-6
Switching FET Transistor Transistor Transistor
AEC Yes Yes Yes Yes

Detector type Ion chamber, solid- Ion chamber (4), Ion chamber (4), Ion chamber (4),
state photodiode (1) photodiode (1) photodiode (1)
Anatomic
programming 840 programmable Yes Yes Yes

kV range 40-120 (81 steps) 40-110 40-110 40-110
mA range 0.5-5 (10 steps) 0.1-3, 0.1-6 0.1-3, 0.1-6 0.1-3, 0.1-6
Maximum number of
exposures/sec Not specified 6 6 6
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec Not specified No No Not specified
Automatic

two pages covering
the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL PACIONI PHILIPS PHILIPS PHILIPS
CLINIX-HF 650 OPTIMUS 50 OPTIMUS 65 OPTIMUS 80

X-RAY TUBES, MAXIMUM 2, 4 accessories 2 (3 with EXT) 2 (3 with EXT) 2 (3 with EXT)
LINE VOLTAGE
SELF-DIAGNOSTICS Error messages Displays error codes Displays error codes Displays error codes
POWER REQUIREMENTS 380/440/480 VAC, 400 VAC 10%, 400 VAC 10%, 400 VAC 10%,
50/60 Hz, 3 phase 50/60 Hz, 3 phase 50/60 Hz, 3 phase 50/60 Hz, 3 phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
(34.3 x 16.9 x 7.5) (76.8 x 21.6 x 20.5) (76.8 x 21.6 x 20.5) (76.8 x 21.6 x 20.5)
Weight, kg (lb) 36 (79.4) 220 (485) 220 (485) 220 (485)
HV transformer
List price,
Year first sold 1994 Not specified Not specified Not specified
Fiscal year January to December Not specified Not specified Not specified
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS LED and LCD dis- 1000+ APRs; Vario 1000+ APRs; Vario 1000+ APRs; Vario
plays; anatomic and Focus; x-ray tube Focus; x-ray tube Focus; x-ray tube
free techniques; de- overload protection; overload protection; overload protection;
signed to supply 6 x 43 x 33.5 cm 6 x 43 x 33.5 cm 6 x 43 x 33.5 cm
power to 1 or 2 (2.4 x 17 x 13.2 in) (2.4 x 17 x 13.2 in) (2.4 x 17 x 13.2 in)
separate diagnostic operator control operator control operator control
radiology rooms panel; tomographic panel; tomographic panel; tomographic
without having to density control. density control. density control.
install the control
unit in the middle
(a small console in
each room permits
operator to program
automatic anatomic
techniques); IQ Net.
Meets requirements
of EN 46001 and
ISO 9001.

MODEL PHILIPS PHILIPS RENDIX RENDIX
SUPER 80 CP-H SUPER 100 CP-H Harmonix 350HF : Harmonix 850HF :

Harmonix 650HF Harmonix 1050HF
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide Worldwide Israel Israel

CE MARK (MDD) Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified

multipulse (12-pulse multipulse (12-pulse single phase : 3 phase
equivalent) equivalent) High frequency,
3 phase
MICROPROCESSOR
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 80 100 30 : 50 65 : 80
mA @ kVp 1,000 @ 80, 1,000 @ 100, 300 @ 100, 800 @ 80,
800 @ 100, 800 @ 125, 200 @ 150 : 400 @ 150 :
630 @ 125, 630 @ 150 600 @ 80, 1,000 @ 80,
500 @ 150 300 @ 150 500 @ 150
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 40-150 40-150
mA range
Small focus 10-1,000 10-1,000 10-300 : 10-600 10-800 : 10-1,000
Large focus 10-1,000 10-1,000 10-300 : 10-600 10-800 : 10-1,000
mAs range 0.5-850 0.5-850 0.5-600 0.5-600
Timer range, sec 0.001-6 0.001-6 0.006-6 : 0.002-6 0.002-6
Switching Thyristor Thyristor SCR SCR
AEC Yes Yes Yes Yes

Detector type Ion chamber (6) Ion chamber (6) Ion chamber Ion chamber
Anatomic
programming Yes Yes 216 programmable 216 programmable

kV range 40-110 40-110 50-125 50-125
mA range 0.1-3, 0.1-6, 0.1-3, 0.1-6, 0.5-5 0.5-5

30 max 30 max
Maximum number of
exposures/sec 8 8 Not specified 25 : 50
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance Not specified Not specified 5 and 10, adjusted 5 and 10, adjusted
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec 0.5-15 0.5-15 Not specified : In development :
In development Up to 60
Automatic

two pages covering
the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL PHILIPS PHILIPS RENDIX RENDIX
SUPER 80 CP-H SUPER 100 CP-H Harmonix 350HF : Harmonix 850HF :

Harmonix 650HF Harmonix 1050HF
LINE VOLTAGE
SELF-DIAGNOSTICS Displays error codes Displays error codes Yes Yes
POWER REQUIREMENTS 400 VAC 10% with 400 VAC 10% with 220 or 380 VAC : 380 or 480 VAC
neutral and ground neutral and ground 380 or 480 VAC
conductors, conductors,
3 phase 3 phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
(76.8 x 21.6 x 20.5) (76.8 x 21.6 x 20.5) (71 x 24 x 22) (71 x 24 x 22)
Weight, kg (lb) 250 (552) 250 (552) 150 (330) 150 (330)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 110 x 39 x 52 110 x 39 x 52 Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
(43.3 x 15.4 x 20.5) (43.3 x 15.4 x 20.5)
Weight, kg (lb) 140 (308.7) 140 (308.7) Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified $25,000 : $44,000 $53,000 : $65,000
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS DSI compatible; DSI compatible; Touchscreen; 2- or Touchscreen; 2- or
patient data print- patient data print- 3-point; heat dis- 3-point; heat dis-
out; data display on out; data display on play; automatic play; automatic
TV monitor; control TV monitor; control calibration; calibration;
desk; options desk; options 8 devices; interface 8 devices; interface
include single-plane include single-plane board; service board; service
cine imaging, CP cine imaging, CP panel; tube panel; tube
1000 cine pulse, 1000 cine pulse, selection. Meets selection. Meets
computer-corrected computer-corrected requirements of requirements of
exposure parameters exposure parameters IEC 601-1. IEC 601-1.
based on fluoro- based on fluoro-
scopic data, high- scopic data, high-
contrast fluoros- contrast fluoros-
copy, and interface copy, and interface
for universal and for universal and
peripheral angio. peripheral angio.

MODEL SHIMADZU SHIMADZU SHIMADZU SHIMADZU
FAILED TO RESPOND * FAILED TO RESPOND * FAILED TO RESPOND * FAILED TO RESPOND *
AUD150G UD150B-30 UD150L-30 UD150L-F :
UD150L-RII

TYPE High-frequency High-frequency High-frequency High-frequency

inverter, 3 phase inverter, 3 phase inverter, single inverter, single
or 3 phase or 3 phase
MICROPROCESSOR
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 100 80 50 See footnote **
mA @ kVp 1,000 @ 100 800 @ 100 500 @ 100 500 @ 100
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 40-150 40-150
mA range
Small focus 10-160 10-160 10-160 10-160
Large focus 10-1,250 10-1,000 10-630 10-630
mAs range 0.5-800 0.5-800 0.5-800 0.5-500
Timer range, sec 0.001-10 0.001-10 0.001-10 0.001-10
AEC Yes Yes Yes Yes

Detector type PMT Solid-state, PMT Solid-state, PMT Solid-state, PMT
Anatomic
programming 90 stations 400 stations 400 stations 24 stations
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE Yes Yes Yes Yes : No

kV range 50-110 50-125 50-125 50-125 : NA
mA range 0.2-9 0.2-4 0.2-4 0.3-4 : NA
Maximum number of
exposures/sec 120 30 30 30 : NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance 10 10 10 10 : NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec 3.75, 7.5, 15, 30 7.5, 15, 30 7.5, 15, 30 7.5, 15, 30 : NA
Automatic
brightness control Yes Yes Yes Yes : NA

** 50 kW for 3 phase, 32 kW for single phase. the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL SHIMADZU SHIMADZU SHIMADZU SHIMADZU
FAILED TO RESPOND * FAILED TO RESPOND * FAILED TO RESPOND * FAILED TO RESPOND *
AUD150G UD150B-30 UD150L-30 UD150L-F :
UD150L-RII
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE No Yes Yes Yes
X-RAY TUBES, MAXIMUM 2; optional 3 2; optional 3 2; optional 3 2; optional 3
LINE VOLTAGE
POWER REQUIREMENTS 380, 400, 415, 380, 400, 415, 440, 200, 220, 240 VAC, 200, 220 VAC,
480 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 480 VAC, 50/60 Hz, single phase or single phase or
3 phase or 210 VAC, 3 phase 380, 400, 415, 440, 380, 400, 415, 440,
50/60 Hz, 3 phase 480 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 480 VAC, 50/60 Hz,
3 phase 3 phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
(71.7 x 26.7 x 23.5) (68.9 x 31.5 x 15.8) (68.9 x 31.5 x 15.8) (29 x 38 x 18)
Weight, kg (lb) 270 (595) 250 (551.3) 240 (529.2) 200 (441)
HV transformer
List price,
std configuration $133,350 $60,334 $54,500 $43,000
Year first sold 1994 1998 1998 1996

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Gas-plasma touch- LED readout; micro- LED readout; micro- LED readout; micro-
screen; cine capa- computer for all computer for all computer for APR
ble; 2 components. display; soft-touch display; soft-touch display; soft-touch
Meets requirements membrane key opera- membrane key opera- membrane key
of ETL. tion; common inter- tion; common inter- operation. Meets
face for Shimadzu face for Shimadzu requirements of ETL.
Digitex Pro digital Digitex Pro digital
system. Meets system. Meets
requirements of ETL. requirements of ETL.


MODEL SMAM SUMMIT TOSHIBA TOSHIBA
TOP 28 Synergy : KXO-80G KXO-100G

Synergy 200
WHERE MARKETED Africa, Asia, Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide
Europe, South
America
FDA CLEARANCE Not specified Yes Yes Yes
CE MARK (MDD) Yes Not specified Yes Yes
TYPE High frequency High frequency High frequency High-frequency

inverter
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes No
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 30 30 80 100
mA @ kVp 320 @ 100 300 @ 100 1,000 @ 80, 1,250 @ 80,
800 @ 100, 1,000 @ 100,
630 @ 125, 800 @ 125,
500 @ 150 630 @ 150
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 38-125 40-125 40-150, 1 kV steps 50-125
mA range
Small focus 50, 63, 80 25, 50, 100 10-320, 6 steps Not specified
Large focus 100, 125, 160, 200, 100, 150, 200, 250, 10-1,000 Not specified
250, 320 300
mAs range 0.2-320 0.1-420 0.5-800 100-1,250
Timer range, sec 0.008-6.3 Not specified 0.001-0.9, 1-10 0.001-1
Switching By on button IGBT : FET IGBT Not specified
AEC Optional Optional Yes Not specified

Detector type Telamat Comet Ion chamber SOLIDET Not specified
Anatomic
programming 24 programs * No : Yes Yes Not specified
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE No No Yes Yes

kV range NA NA 50-125, 1 kV steps 50-125 continuous,
50-110 pulsed
mA range NA NA 0.5-4, 0.1 mA steps 0.5-4 continuous
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA NA 6 1
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA NA 10 (federal limit) 10 (federal limit)
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA NA Optional 10-1,000
Automatic
brightness control NA NA Yes Yes

* 4 thickness-compensation levels. two pages covering
the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL SMAM SUMMIT TOSHIBA TOSHIBA
TOP 28 Synergy : KXO-80G KXO-100G

Synergy 200
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE Yes No Yes No
LINE VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION 10% Automatic Yes Yes
SELF-DIAGNOSTICS Through LCD Yes Yes Yes
POWER REQUIREMENTS 230 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 230-250 VAC, 200/220/240 VAC, 380/400/415/440/480
16 A, single phase 60 Hz, 100 A minimum 3 phase; VAC, 3 phase
380-480 VAC, 3 phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 95.1 x 57.3 x 41 5 x 30 x 18 175 x 40 x 111 231.2 x 57.2 x 46.1
(37 x 22.6 x 16.1); (2 x 11.8 x 7.1) : (68.9 x 15.7 x 43.7) (91 x 22.5 x 18.1)
90.8 x 50 x 25 8 x 43 x 23
(35.7 x 20 x 9.8) (3.1 x 16.9 x 9.1)
console
Weight, kg (lb) Not specified 2 (4.4) : 3 (6.6) 420 (924) 110 (242)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) Included in cabinet 94 x 51 x 46 Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
(37 x 20 x 18.1) :
94 x 41 x 46
(37 x 16.1 x 18.1)
Weight, kg (lb) Included in cabinet 86 (190) : 100 (220) Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
List price,
std configuration Not specified $9,120 : $14,785 Not specified Not specified
Warranty 1 year 5 years 1 year 1 year
Year first sold 1993 Not specified 1994 1999

Fiscal year Not specified Not specified April to March April to March
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Meets requirements Meets requirements APR programming None specified.
of IEC 601-2-7 and of UL. standard; 1-touch
ISO 9002/EN46002. operation.

MODEL TROPHY TROPHY TROPHY TROPHY
N32 HF N32 HFM N32 HFR N40 HF
FDA CLEARANCE No No No No

20 kHz 20 kHz with energy 20 kHz with energy 20 kHz
reserve reserve
MICROPROCESSOR
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 32 32 32 40
mA @ kVp 500 @ 64, 400 @ 80, 400 @ 80, 500 @ 64,
250 @ 125 250 @ 125 250 @ 125 320 @ 125
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 40-125 40-125 40-125
mA range
Small focus 10-250 10-250 10-250 10-250
Large focus 200-500 200-400 200-400 250-500
mAs range 1-630 1-125 1-630 1-630
Timer range, sec 0.01-5 0.01-5 0.01-5 0.01-5

Detector type Solid-state Solid-state Solid-state Solid-state
Anatomic
programming 99 programmable 99 programmable 99 programmable 99 programmable
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE Yes No Yes Yes

kV range 40-120 NA 40-120 40-120
mA range 0.5-5 NA 0.5-5 0.5-5
Maximum number of
exposures/sec Not specified NA Not specified Not specified
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance Not specified NA Not specified Not specified
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec Not specified NA Not specified Not specified
Automatic
brightness control Yes NA Yes Not specified

two pages covering
the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL TROPHY TROPHY TROPHY TROPHY
N32 HF N32 HFM N32 HFR N40 HF

LINE VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic, +15% to Automatic, +10% to Automatic, +10% to Automatic, +10% to
-30% -10% -10% -30%
SELF-DIAGNOSTICS Error messages Error messages Error messages Error messages
POWER REQUIREMENTS 220/380 VAC, 110/230 VAC, 110/220 VAC, 230/400 VAC,
50/60 Hz, 50/60 Hz, 50/60 Hz, 50/60 Hz, 3 phase
3 phase single or dual phase single phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
(23.6 x 14.2 x 5.9) (23.6 x 14.2 x 5.9) (23.6 x 14.2 x 5.9) (23.6 x 14.2 x 5.9)
Weight, kg (lb) 5 (11) 5 (11) 5 (11) 5 (11)
HV transformer
(47.2 x 15.7 x 23.6) (47.2 x 15.7 x 23.6) (47.2 x 15.7 x 23.6) (47.2 x 15.7 x 23.6)
Weight, kg (lb) 121 (266.8) Not specified 211 (465.3) Not specified
List price,
std configuration $25,000-30,000 Not specified $30,000-35,000 Not specified
Warranty 1 year Not specified 1 year Not specified
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Digital readout; Digital readout; Digital readout; Digital readout;
self-diagnostics; self-diagnostics; self-diagnostics; self-diagnostics;
anode heat anode heat anode heat anode heat
integration; spot- integration; spot- integration; spot- integration; spot-
film program; tube film program; tube film program; tube film program; tube
overload protection; overload protection; overload protection; overload protection;
3-, 2-, or 1-point 3-, 2-, or 1-point 3-, 2-, or 1-point 3-, 2-, or 1-point
settings; energy settings; energy settings; energy settings.
reserve option. reserve on reserve on
condensers. batteries.

MODEL TROPHY TROPHY TROPHY VILLA
N50 HF N60 HF N65 HF Genius 500 :

Genius 750
FDA CLEARANCE Not specified Yes No Not specified

CE MARK (MDD) Yes Yes Yes Not specified
TYPE High frequency, High frequency, High frequency, Single phase,

20 kHz 20 kHz 20 kHz 2 pulse : 3 phase,
6 pulse
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes No
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 50 60 65 55 : 70
mA @ kVp 630 @ 75, 800 @ 75, 800 @ 81, 600 @ 100, 500 @
320 @ 150 400 @ 150 400 @ 150 120, 300 @ 150 :
750 @ 95, 700 @ 100,
500 @ 125
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 40-150 40-125
mA range
Small focus 10-250 10-250 10-250 25-200
Large focus 250-630 250-800 250-800 200-600 : 200-750
mAs range 3.2-630 1-630 0.5-630 Not specified
Timer range, sec 0.03-6.3 0.003-5 0.003-5.3 0.01-8 : 0.01-6
Switching IGBT IGBT IGBT SCR

Detector type Solid-state Solid-state Solid-state Not specified
Anatomic
programming 133 programmable 133 programmable >200 APR No

kV range 40-120 40-120 40-125 40-120
mA range 0.5-5 0.5-5 0.5-5 0-5
Maximum number of
exposures/sec Not specified 25 30 8
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec Not specified 25 30 Not specified
Automatic
brightness control Not specified Yes Yes Yes

two pages covering
the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL TROPHY TROPHY TROPHY VILLA
N50 HF N60 HF N65 HF Genius 500 :

Genius 750
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE Yes Yes Yes Not specified
LINE VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic, +15% to Automatic, +15% to Automatic, +15% to Optional
-30% -30% -30%
SELF-DIAGNOSTICS Error messages Error messages Error messages Not specified
POWER REQUIREMENTS 400 VAC, 380 VAC, 400/415 VAC, 220/380/415 VAC,
50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz, 50/60 Hz, 50/60 Hz, single
3 phase 3 phase phase : 220/380/415
VAC, 50/60 Hz,
3 phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
(23.6 x 14.2 x 5.9) (23.6 x 14.2 x 5.9) (11.8 x 9.8 x 3.5), (38 x 31 x 15.4) :
37 x 54 x 15 97 x 93 x 39
(14.6 x 21.2 x 5.9) (38 x 36.6 x 15.4)
with built-in
Evolution RCT
Weight, kg (lb) 5 (11) 5 (11) Not specified 139 (306) :
168 (370)
HV transformer
(23.2 x 21.6 x 78.7) (23.2 x 21.6 x 78.7) (22 x 22.8 x 78.7) (20 x 15 x 15) :
98 x 35 x 50
(38.5 x 14 x 19.7)
Weight, kg (lb) Not specified 147 (324) 240 (529) 184 (406) :
248 (547)
List price,
std configuration Not specified $34,000-50,000 $34,000-55,000 Not specified
Warranty Not specified 1 year 1 year Not specified
Year first sold Not specified Not specified 1998 Not specified
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Digital readout; Digital readout; Digital readout; None specified.
self-diagnostics; self-diagnostics; anode heat integra-
anode heat anode heat tion; tube overload
integration; spot- integration; tube protection; spot-
film program; tube overload protection; film program; opt
overload protection; spot-film program; high-speed starter;
3-, 2-, or 1-point high-speed starter 3-, 2-, or 1-point
settings. option; 3-, 2-, or settings; 0-point
1-point settings. w/optional digital;
Meets requirements Windows interface;
of IEC 60601-2-7 and touchscreen control
NF 74100. panel; generator
cabinet and control
desk connected
through CAN bus.
Meets requirements
of IEC 60601-2-7 and
NF 74100.

MODEL VILLA VILLA VILLA VILLA
Genius 1000 Genius HF 30 Genius HF 65 Genius HF 80
CE MARK (MDD) Not specified Not specified Yes Yes
TYPE 3 phase, 12 pulse High frequency High frequency High frequency
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED No Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 100 30 65 80
mA @ kVp 1,000 @ 100, 320 @ 90, 800 @ 80, 1,000 @ 80,
800 @ 120, 250 @ 100 630 @ 100, 800 @ 100,
600 @ 150 500 @ 130, 630 @ 125,
400 @ 150 500 @ 150
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 38-125 40-150, 1 kV steps 40-150, 1 kV steps
mA range
Small focus 50-200 10-100 10-320 10-320
Large focus 300-1,000 100-320 32-800 32-1,000
mAs range Not specified 0.2-320 0.4-640 0.4-640
Timer range, sec 0.003-6 0.008-6.3 0.001-16 0.001-16
Switching SCR SCR SCR SCR

Detector type Not specified Ion chamber (3) Solid-state Solid-state
Anatomic
programming No Yes Yes Yes
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE Yes No Yes Yes

kV range 40-120 NA 40-120 40-120
mA range 0-5 NA 0.5-5 0.5-5
Maximum number of
exposures/sec 8 NA 50 50
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance Not specified NA Not specified Not specified
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec Not specified NA Yes Yes
Automatic
brightness control Yes NA Yes Yes

two pages covering
the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL VILLA VILLA VILLA VILLA
Genius 1000 Genius HF 30 Genius HF 65 Genius HF 80
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE Yes Optional Yes Yes

LINE VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Optional Yes Yes Yes
SELF-DIAGNOSTICS Not specified Yes Yes Yes
POWER REQUIREMENTS 220/380/415 VAC, 198-254 VAC, 220-400 VAC, 220-400 VAC,
50/60 Hz, 3 phase 50/60 Hz, single 50/60 Hz, 50/60 Hz,
phase 3 phase 3 phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
(38 x 31 x 15.4) (44.4 x 22.4 x 24); (76 x 21.7 x 20.5); (76 x 21.7 x
operator console, operator console, 20.5); operator con-
30 x 50 x 25 90 x 47 x 43 sole, 90 x 47 x 43
(11.8 x 19.7 x 9.8) (35.4 x 18.5 x 16.9) (35.4 x 18.5 x 16.9)
Weight, kg (lb) 177 (390) 150 (330) 200 (441); operator 200 (441); operator
console, 25 (55.1) console, 25 (55.1)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 124 x 79 x 39 Included in cabinet Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
(49 x 31 x 15.4)
Weight, kg (lb) 380 (838) Included in cabinet Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
List price,
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS None specified. None specified. None specified. None specified.

MODEL VMI VMI VMI WTI
COMPACTO Plus 500 PULSAR Plus 500 PULSAR Plus 800 CYBRIX
(40 kW) : (50 kW) (40 kW) : (50 kW)
FDA CLEARANCE No No No Yes

CE MARK (MDD) No No No Not specified
MICROPROCESSOR
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 40 : 50 40 : 50 64 37
mA @ kVp 500 @ 80 : 500 @ 80 : 800 @ 80 30 @ 125
400 @ 125 400 @ 125
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 : 40-150 40-125 : 40-150, 40-150, 40-125
1 kV increments 1 kV increments
mA range
Small focus 25-150 25-150 25-150 25-150
Large focus 200-500 200-500 200-800 200-500
Timer range, sec 0.005-5 0.005-5 0.005-5 0.005-5
Switching IGBT inverter IGBT inverter IGBT inverter Transistor inverter

Detector type Solid-state Solid-state Solid-state Ion chamber
Anatomic
programming Optional Optional Optional Optional,
450+ programmable
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE No Yes Yes Yes
kV range NA 50-110 50-110 50-125
mA range NA 0.5-5 0.5-5 Not specified
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA Not specified Not specified 10
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA 10 with ABS 10 with ABS 10 with ABS
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA 1-30 1-30 1-30
Automatic
brightness control NA Optional Optional Yes

two pages covering
the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL VMI VMI VMI WTI
COMPACTO Plus 500 PULSAR Plus 500 PULSAR Plus 800 CYBRIX
(40 kW) : (50 kW) (40 kW) : (50 kW)
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE Yes Yes Yes Optional
LINE VOLTAGE
SELF-DIAGNOSTICS Yes Yes Yes Not specified
POWER REQUIREMENTS 180-440 VAC, 190-440 VAC, 330-440 VAC, 240 VAC, 50/60 Hz,
50/60 Hz, 3 phase : 50/60 Hz, 3 phase : 50/60 Hz, 3 phase single or 3 phase
330-440 VAC, 330-440 VAC,
50/60 Hz, 3 phase 50/60 Hz, 3 phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 98 x 62 x 35 98 x 62 x 35 98 x 62 x 35 7.6 x 40.8 x 19.5
(38.6 x 24.4 x 13.8) (38.6 x 24.4 x 13.8) (38.6 x 24.4 x 13.8) (3.25 x 16 x 8)
Weight, kg (lb) 8 (17.6) 8 (17.6) 8 (17.6) 6.8 (15)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 85 x 50 x 39 85 x 50 x 39 85 x 50 x 39 32 x 15.25 x 15.25
(33.4 x 19.7 x 15.4) (33.4 x 19.7 x 15.4) (33.4 x 19.7 x 15.4) (12.6 x 6 x 6)
Weight, kg (lb) 80 (176) : 60 (132) 60 (132) 80 (176) 159 (350)
List price,
std configuration $14,000 : $15,000 $18,000 : $20,000 $24,000 Not specified
Warranty 1 year 1 year 1 year Not specified
Fiscal year January to December January to December January to December April to March
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Tube overload, Tube overload, Tube overload, Single or dual tube.
tube filament, and tube filament, and tube filament, and
anode-circuit anode-circuit anode-circuit
failure protection failure protection failure protection
systems. Meets systems. Meets systems. Meets
requirements of requirements of requirements of
Health Ministry's Health Ministry's Health Ministry's
Sanitary Vigilance Sanitary Vigilance Sanitary Vigilance
certificate and certificate and certificate and
IEC 601. IEC 601. IEC 601.

MODEL WTI WTI XMA XMA
CYBRIX APR MILLENIA Infinity 325 Infinity HF30

650, 850, 1050
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide Worldwide Canada, USA Canada, USA
FDA CLEARANCE Yes Yes Not specified Not specified

CE MARK (MDD) Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
TYPE High frequency High frequency Single phase Single phase,

high frequency
MICROPROCESSOR
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 60 50 : 65 : 80 30 30
mA @ kVp 600 @ 100 500 @ 100 : 300 @ 125 500 mAs @ 125
640 @ 100 :
800 @ 100
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 40-150 30-125 40-125
mA range
Small focus 25-150 Programmable 50-100 24-120
Large focus 200-500 Programmable 150-300 240-360
mAs range Not specified 0.5-500 Not specified 1-500
Timer range, sec 0.005-15 0.002-6.4 0.008-6 0.0083-3
Switching Transistor inverter SCR SCR SCR
AEC Yes Yes Optional Optional

Anatomic
programming Optional, 240 programmable No No
450+ programmable
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE Yes Yes No No
kV range 50-125 40-125 NA NA
mA range Not specified 0.5-6 NA NA
Maximum number of
exposures/sec 10 6 NA NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance 10 with ABS 10 with ABS NA NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec 1-60 1-30 : 1-30 : 1-60 NA NA
Automatic
brightness control Yes Yes NA NA

two pages covering
the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL WTI WTI XMA XMA
CYBRIX APR MILLENIA Infinity 325 Infinity HF30

650, 850, 1050
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE Optional Optional No No
LINE VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic 12-step manual Manual
SELF-DIAGNOSTICS Not specified Yes Not specified No
POWER REQUIREMENTS 480 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 380, 480 VAC; 240 VAC, 60 Hz, 240 VAC, 60 Hz,
3 phase 50/60 Hz 100 A, single phase 100 A, single phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 7.6 x 40.8 x 19.5 56 x 23 x 8 106.7 x 56.5 x 27.9 91.4 x 26.7 x 22.9
(3.25 x 16 x 8) (22 x 9 x 3) (42 x 22.25 x 11) (36 x 10.5 x 9)
Weight, kg (lb) 6.8 (15) Not specified Not specified Not specified
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 32 x 15.25 x 15.25 193 x 56 x 53 54.6 H x 38.1 diam 43.2 x 38.1 x 27.9
(12.6 x 6 x 6) (76 x 22 x 21) (21.5 H x 15 diam) (17 x 15 x 11)
Weight, kg (lb) 159 (350) 281 (620) Not specified Not specified
List price,
Fiscal year April to March April to March Not specified Not specified
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Single or dual tube; Single or dual tube; Meets requirements None specified.
high-speed rotor HFG 1050 has of UL.
control. high-speed rotor
control.

MODEL XMA
Infinity HF50SE
WHERE MARKETED Canada, USA
FDA CLEARANCE Not specified

CE MARK (MDD) Not specified
TYPE Single phase,

high frequency
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 30
mA @ kVp 500 mAs @ 125
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125
mA range
Small focus 300 maximum
Large focus 300 maximum
mAs range 1-500
Timer range, sec Not specified
Switching Not specified
AEC Optional
Detector type Ion chamber
Anatomic
programming No
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE No
kV range NA
mA range NA
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA
Automatic
brightness control NA

two pages covering
the above model(s).
continue onto the
next page.
X-ray Generators

MODEL XMA
Infinity HF50SE
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE No
X-RAY TUBES, MAXIMUM 1
LINE VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic
SELF-DIAGNOSTICS 6-field error

indicator
POWER REQUIREMENTS 260 VAC, 50/60 Hz,
100 A, single phase;
120 VAC, 50/60 Hz,
3 A minimum for
console/logic system
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 7.6 x 40.9 x 18.5
(3 x 16.1 x 7.3)
Weight, kg (lb) Not specified
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 81.3 x 38.7 x 38.7
(32 x 15.25 x 15.25)
with power module
Weight, kg (lb) Not specified
List price,
std configuration Not specified
Warranty Not specified
Year first sold Not specified

Fiscal year Not specified
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS 3 stations (up to
300 mA) selected
at installation.

Xray Generator 193245

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Xray Generator 193245

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

October 2001

193245 5200 Butler Pike, Plymouth Meeting, PA 19462-1298, USA

secondary coil contains more turns than the primary

single-phase generator is 100% because the voltage

Before reaching the step-up transformer, the input

a. 60 Hz AC waveforms from power company

b. Half-wave rectification of same signal

c. Full-wave rectification of same signal

Furrer Hofmann DMT

Meditech Philips Medical Systems International bv

Shimadzu Medical Systems [106973] Toshiba Medical Systems Europe bv [160817]

XMA FET Field-effect transistor

Product Comparison Chart

Spectra 30 HF Spectra 325e MAGNUM 40 : MAGNUM 65 :

FDA CLEARANCE Yes Yes Yes Yes

TYPE High frequency High frequency High frequency, High frequency,

mAs range 0.5-400 0.5-400 0.5-1,000 0.5-1,000

Timer range, sec 0.0083-6 0.0083-6 0.001-6.3 0.001-6.3

Switching IGBT SCR IGBT IGBT

AEC Optional Optional Yes Yes

FLUOROSCOPIC MODE No No No : Yes Yes

mA range NA NA NA : 0.5-6 0.5-6

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the first of

Product Comparison Chart

Spectra 30 HF Spectra 325e MAGNUM 40 : MAGNUM 65 :

SELF-DIAGNOSTICS Yes Yes Yes Yes

Weight, kg (lb) 2 (4.4) 102 (225) 4 (8.8) 4 (8.8)

Weight, kg (lb) 86 (190) 91 (200) 107 (236) 107 (236)

Warranty 5 years 5 years 1 year 1 year

Year first sold Not specified Not specified 1998 1998

Colons separate data on similar models of a device.

Product Comparison Chart

Milestone Milestone HF Milestone HF PCX 525/I

FDA CLEARANCE Yes Yes Yes Yes

TYPE Single phase High frequency, High frequency, Single phase

mAs range 0.2-600 0.4-600 0.4-600 0.2-600

Timer range, sec 0.008-6 0.003-6 0.003-6 0.008-6

Switching SCR IGBT IGBT SCR

AEC Optional Optional Optional Optional

FLUOROSCOPIC MODE Optional Optional Optional Optional

mA range 1-4 0.5-9 0.5-9 1-4

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the first of

Product Comparison Chart

Milestone Milestone HF Milestone HF PCX 525/I

SELF-DIAGNOSTICS Yes Yes Yes Yes

Weight, kg (lb) 86 (190) 120 (265) 120 (265) 12 (26)

Warranty 5 years (2 full, 5 years (2 full, 5 years (2 full, 5 years (2 full,

Colons separate data on similar models of a device.

Product Comparison Chart

PCX HF PCX HF PCX HF Indico 100 32 kW

FDA CLEARANCE Yes Yes Yes Yes

TYPE High frequency, High frequency, High frequency, High frequency

mAs range 0.4-600 0.4-600 0.5-600 0.5-1,000 (non-AEC)

Timer range, sec 0.003-6 0.003-6 0.003-6 0.001-6.3

Switching IGBT IGBT IGBT FET inverter,

FLUOROSCOPIC MODE Optional Optional Optional Yes

mA range 0.5-9 0.5-9 0.5-9 0.5-6 continuous **

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the first of

With multiple programmable kV/mA tracking curves. continue onto the

Product Comparison Chart

PCX HF PCX HF PCX HF Indico 100 32 kW

SELF-DIAGNOSTICS Yes Yes Yes Error codes

Warranty 5 years (2 full, 5 years (2 full, 5 years (2 full, Not specified

Colons separate data on similar models of a device.

mA range 0.5-6 continuous 0.5-6 continuous 0.5-6 continuous ** 0.5-6