Experiment

Displacement Measurement using Potentiometer type

Displacement sensor

THEORY:
Displacement measurement can be of two types: contact and
noncontact types. Besides the measurement principles can be
classified into two categories: electrical sensing and optical
sensing. In electrical sensing, passive electrical sensors are used
variation of either inductance or capacitance with displacement is
measured. On the other hand the optical method mainly works on
the principle of intensity variation of light with distance.

Potentiometers are simplest type of displacement sensors. They

can be used for linear as well as angular displacement
measurement. They are the resistive type of transducers and the
output voltage is proportional to the displacement. They are the
resistive type of transducers and the output voltage is proportional
to the displacement and is given by:

where xi is the input displacement, xt is the total displacement and

E is the supply voltage.
APPARATUS:
1. Potentiometer Type Displacement Sensor

2. Cantilevered Aluminum Beam

3. Loads

4. Height Gauge

PROCEDURE:

CALIBRATION:

1. Position the height gauge and Potentiometer type

displacement sensor at one point.

2. Apply tip loads and measure the displacement from the

height gauge.

3. Measure the corresponding voltage from the displacement

sensor.

4. Calibrate the voltage against displacement by fitting it with

the straight line.

LOAD VS DISPLACEMENT:

1. Place the sensor at a position other than the previous one.

2. Apply different loads at the tip.

3. Measure the displacement using the sensor at the given point.

4. Do the same for 2 other points along the beam.

5. Plot the load vs. displacement curve.

OBSERVATIONS:

1. CALIBRATION

VOLTAGE (IN mV)

DISPLACEMENT (IN mm)
-97.0
0
855
5
1900
10
2940
15
3960
20
4990
25
6040
30
7050
35
8050
40

2. LOAD VS. VOLTAGE

i) Distance from fixed support = 30cm

LOAD (in gm) VOLTAGE (in mV)

0.00 -1040
119.15 610
239.85 22
360.80 620
482.65 1300
 ii) Distance from fixed support = 25cm

LOAD (in gm) VOLTAGE (in mV)

0 -1050
119.15 -640
239.85 -180
360.8 357
482.65 920

iii) Distance from fixed support = 20cm

LOAD (in gm) VOLTAGE (in mV)

0 -925
119.15 -672
239.85 391
360.8 9
482.65 421

RESULT:
1. CALIBRATION

Voltage vs. Displacement

9000
8000 8050

7000 7050

6000 6040

5000 4990 Voltage vs. Displacement

4000 3960
Linear (Voltage vs.
3000 2940 Displacement)
2000 1900
1000 855
0 -97
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
-1000

Average slope of the graph = 202.675 mV/mm

!
Therefore, = 4.934 /
!

2. LOAD VS. DISPLACEMENT

1500

1000

500

Distance 30
0 Distance 25
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Distance 20

-500

-1000

-1500
SUBMITTED BY:
SHUBHAM (150696)
RAJAT PANDEY (150555)
SHREY AGARWAL (150692)
YAZUR GUPTA (150842)