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ii. Color
Colorless considered clean
The colored water is considered dirty and harmful
iii. Turbidity
turbidity indicated the fine colloidal particulates that are
considered dangerous and there may be bacterial or viral
iv. Temperature
high temperature allows the existence of bacterial activity and can
affect water use
v. Conductivity
shows the existence of dissolved solid
can reduce the aesthetic value of water
1.2 WATER : BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS
i. Bacteria/germ/microbe
can cause fatal diseases
3 types aerobic, anaerobic, facultative
Aerobic use oxygen and reduce DO in water (increase BOD)
ii. Algae
Very fine aquatic plants
Cause bad taste and odor to water
Reduce transparency of sun light
Too much alga indicates to many Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus
iii. Virus
Parasite lives in the body
diseases polio, high fever, diarrhea, hepatitis
turbidity indicated the fine colloidal particulates that are considered
dangerous and there may be bacterial or viral (yes, they are hiding)
iv. Protozoa
Much bigger than bacteria and eat bacteria
Thus, reduce organic load
Too much, problems and too little, not efficient treatment
1.2 WATER : CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
i. pH
Affecting chemical process like chlorination
Affecting biological life like effectiveness of bacteria
iii. Hardness
Because of ion Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn
Problem like carbonate precipitate then clogging the pipe
Two types temporary and permanent
Temporary CO3-2 and HCO3-1, boiling and soda
Permanent SO4-2, Cl-1, NO3-2, soda
v. Nutrient
C,N,P industrial sewage, farm, detergent
NATIONAL STANDARD FOR WATER QUALITY
Point Sources
It is easy to control.
The Federal agencies are responsible for the planning, research and
development of water resources