Energy

scenario of
Bhutan:
The only carbon negative
country in the world1
Some facts-
1. One of the smallest economies in the world
2. Education is completely free. All citizens are guaranteed free
school education and some hard working students get free
college education
3. Medical consultation, medical treatment, medicines: they are all
provided by the state.
4. Gross National Happiness is more important Gross Domestic
Product
5. constitution demands that a minimum of 60 percent of Bhutan's
total land shall remain under forest cover for all time.

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 Outline
1. Introduction Key Country Data
2. Energy Sector Scenario
3. Hydropower
4. Wind Energy Resource
5. Solar Energy Resource
6. Biomass Energy Resource
7. Electricity export
8. Power distribution

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 1. Key Country Data
Area 38,394 sq. km
Population (2015 est.) ~ 768,000
Forest Cover (2014) 70.5%
Literacy rate (2012) 63%
GDP growth (2014) 5.46%
GDP (2014 current prices) ~ $ 2 billion
Per Capita GDP (2014) $ 2,611.74
Inflation (CPI 2014) 8.27%
Population Poverty rate (2012) 12%

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 Contd.
.
Annual Electricity Generation (2014) 7,147.095 MU

Electricity Exports (2014) 72.5%

Electricity Consumption (2014 per capita) 2,600kWh

Electricity Contribution to Revenues (2014) 20%

Electricity Contribution to GDP (2014) 14.15%

Rural Electrification coverage (2014) 95.35%

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 2. Energy Scenario

Source: EY report FUEL Mix in Bhutan (2015) 6

 Electricity generation:-
commercial activities in Bhutan were fueled mostly
by hydroelectricity (about 97%), some fossil-fuel based thermal
power (about 3%), and a minimal amount of other fossil fuels. As a
result, Bhutan sold much of its hydroelectricity to India during
summer months.
To date, the Bhutanese electric energy supply has been virtually
entirely hydroelectric. Due to the vulnerability of the water supply
amid climate change, the Bhutanese government began exploring
alternative energies such as solar, wind, and biogas energy in the
early 21st century.

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3. Hydropower
Large Hydropower potential 30,000 MW
Techno-economically viable 23,500 MW (Res. ~ 8,000
MW)
Total installed capacity 1,606 MW (~ 5.35% of potential)
Hydropower under construction 3,658MW (~ 12.2%)
{Punatsangchhu-I (1200MW), Punatsangchhu-II
(1020MW), Mangdechhu (720MW), Tangsebji (118MW) &
Kholongchhu (600MW)}
Existing Transmission lines (66kV & above) - 1,015.3 km
Peak load demand (2014) 333.41MW

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 Preliminary Hydropower Resource:
33,000 MW

Source: Fichtner Report

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 Hydropower in Bhutan
1. Bhutan operates four major hydroelectric facilities, several
small and mini hydroelectric generators, and a handful of
further sites in development.
2. Many of the small and mini hydropower plants in Bhutan
serve remote villages that remain disconnected from the main
power grid.
3. Almost all of hydroelectric plants in Bhutan generate power
through run-of-the-river hydroelectricity.

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 Current Power Generation & Transmission
Scenario
Existing Hydroelectric Generating Stations

Installed Capacity (No. x TransmissionVoltage

Name of Plant
Unitsize) (kV)
Chhukha (CHP) 336 (4x84) 220kV, 66kV

Basochhu-I (BHP) 24 (2x12) 66kV

Basochhu-II (BHP) 40 (2x20) 220kV, 66kV

Kurichhu (KHP) 60 (4x15) 132kV

Tala (THP) 1,020 (6x170) 400kV

Dagachhu 126 (2x63) 220kV

Mini/Micro 8 (17 nos) 6.6kV/415V

Total 1,606 MW 11
4. Wind Energy Resource: 323 MW

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A 2 x 300kWWind Power Plant - under
construction

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5. Solar Energy Resource: Under Study

Source: Fichtner Report

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30MW Shingkhar Solar Power Project

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6.Biomass Energy Resource: Under Study

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7. Bhutan- a major exporter of electricity

Exports about 75% of the electricity generated to India

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8. Power Distribution
Length of 33kV lines 3,154 km
Length of 11kV lines 2,524 km
Length of 6.6kV lines 104 km
Length of LV lines 7,438 km
Total Distribution line length 13,219 km
Total distribution transformers 4605
Total distribution transformer capacity 677MVA
No. of customers - 160,000
Customer growth (2013) - 9.1%
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Planned Power Transmission Lines

Line Voltage Line Length (ckt. km)

400 kV 1,416

220 kV 112

132 Kv 275

66 kV 94

Total 1,897

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 A role model for other nations
1.Exports most of the energy generated from fast
flowing rivers- that clean energy offsets about six
million tons of carbon dioxide
2.By 2020, they will be exporting enough energy to
offset 17 million tons of carbon dioxide
3.The country acts as a carbon sink.

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It is high time that we take major steps towards
global warming and increasing C02 levels.
For a greener future

We as engineers can contribute by designing

indigenous technologies to combat climate
change.
Powered by Ampere Tech.
Team Member Roll Number

1. Prasannajeet Jaiswal BT13EEE016

2. Ramavatar Meena BT13EEE065

3. Sunkari Amit BT13EEE094

4. Vijay Garg BT13EEE095

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