REPORTED SPEECH

I. Nhng thay i trong li ni gin tip:

1. Thay i ng t: Li 1 th
Direct Speech Reported Speech
1. Present Simple: V1 1. Past Simple: V2/ed
Ex1: Nam said I am told to be at school before 7 EX1: Nam said (that) he was told to be at school before 7
oclock oclock.
Ex2: He said I like beer Ex2: He said (that) He liked beer
2. Present Progressive: am/is/are+Ving 2. Past Progressive:was/were+Ving
Ex: He said Im watching TV Ex: He said (that) he was watching TV
3. Present Perfect: has/have + V3/ed 3. Past Perfect: had + V3/ed
Ex: He said I have just bought a new book Ex: He said (that) I had just bought a new book
4. Past Simple: V2/ed 4. Past Perfect: had + V3/ed
Ex: They said We came by car Ex: They said (that) they had come by car
5. Past Progressive: was/were + V-ing 5. was/were+V-ing or Past Perfect progressive
Ex: He said I was sitting in the park at 8 oclock Ex: -He said (that) he was sitting in the park at 8 oclock
- He said (that) he had been sitting in the park at 8 oclock
6. Past Perfect: had + V3/ed 6. Past Perfect: had + V3/ed
Ex: She said My money had run out Ex: She said (that) her money had run out
7. Future Simple: will +V without to (V0) 7. would + V without to (Vo)
Ex: Lan said Ill phone you Ex: Lan said (that) she would phone me
8. can 8. could
Ex: He said You can sit here Ex: He said (that) we could sit there
9. may 9. might
Ex: Mary said I may go to Ha noi again Ex: Mary said (that) shemight go to Ha noi again
10. must 10. must/ had to
Ex: He said I must finish this report Ex: He said (that)he had to finish that report
* Ch : Mt s trng hp khng i th ca ng t trong cu gin tip:
- Nu ng t mnh gii thiu c dng th hin ti n, hin ti tip din, hin ti hon thnh hoc tng lai
n, th ca ng t trong cu gin tip vn khng thay i
Eg: He says/ he is saying/ he has said/ he will say, the text is difficult.
He says/ is saying/ has said/ will say (that) the text is difficult.
- Khi cu ni trc tip th hin mt chn l hoc mt hnh ng lp li thng xuyn, th ca ng t trong cu gin
tip vn khng thay i
Eg: My teacher said The sun rises in the East
My teacher said (that) the sun rises in the East.
He said, My father always drinks coffee after dinner
He said (that) his father always drinks coffee after dinner
- Cu trc tip c dng cu iu kin loi 2 hoc loi 3:Gi nguyn thi khng thay i.
Eg: He said; If I knew her address, I would write to her
He said that he would write to her If he knew her address
Eg: She said, If I had enough money, I would buy a new bicycle.
She said (that) if she had enough money, she would buy a new bicycle.
Eg: The teacher said, If John had studied harder, he wouldnt have failed his exam.
The teacher said (that) if John had studied harder, he wouldnt have failed his exam.
Tuy nhin nu li ni trc tip l cu iu hin loi 1 th c chuyn sang loi 2 li ni gin tip
Eg: The advertisement said; If you answer the questions correctly, you may win one million dollars
The advertisement said that I might win one million dollars If I answered the questions correctly.
- Khng thay i th ca:
Could, would, might, should
Ought, had better, need trong cu ni gin tip
Nhng must -> had to/ must
Eg: She said; I could do the homework She said the she could do the homework
- ng t trong cu ni trc tip c thi gian xc nh:
Eg: He said, I was born in 1980 he said that he was born in 1980.
2. Thay i v i t nhn xng, i t s hu, tnh t s hu:
i t nhn xng
Ch ng
Trc tip Gin tip
I He, she
we they
You They/ he/ she/ I
Tn ng
Trc tip gin tip
Me Him/ her
us Them
you Them/ him/ her
Tnh t s hu
Trc tip Gin tip
my His/ her
our Their
your Their/ his/her/ my
i t s hu
Trc tip Gin tip
mine Him/ hers
ours Theirs
yours Theirs/ his/ hers
3. Thay i v t ch thi gian v ni chn:

Nhm t trong cu gin tip Nhm t trong cu gin tip

Today/ tonight that day/ that night
Yesterday the day before/ the previous day
Yesterday morning The morning before/ the previous morning
last month/ night the moth before / the previous month/ night
Tomorrow the following day/ the next day
Tomorrow morning The next morning/ the following morning
this moth that month
The day before yesterday Two days before
The day after tomorrow In two days time
next month/ week. .. the month after / the following month/ week
Here there
Now then
Ago before
This that
These those
II. Nhng thay i c th trong tng loi cu trong li ni gin tip
1. Cu trn thut trong li ni gin tip: (Statements in reported speech)
S + said (to + O) + that S + V Eg: We will have a test tomorrow , My teacher said.
S + told + O + that S + V. -> My teacher said (that) they would have a test the next day.

*Note: C th s dng mt s T dn sau: thought, announced, explained, complained, believed

2. Cu hi trong li ni gin tip (Questions in reported speech)
a. Yes/ no questions:
S + asked / said Aux + S + .. ? Eg: Tuan asked Ba Are you fond of watching television?
S + asked + ( O. ng ) + if / whether + clause Tuan asked Ba if/whether he was fond of watching
television

b. Wh-questions:
S + asked / said Wh word + Aux + S + .. ? Eg: He said to me, Why did you go with her father last week?
S + asked + (O) + wh - word + clause He asked me why I had gone with her father the week
before.
3. Cu mnh lnh trong li ni gin tip (Imperative in reported speech)
Khi i cu mnh lnh trc tip thnh cu mnh lnh gin tip, cn l-u :
+ ng t t-ng thut l: ordered, commanded (ra lnh), requested, asked (yu cu), told (bo lm )
+ Tn ng trc tip ch ng-i nhn mnh lnh -c nu ln.
+ Hnh thc mnh lnh ca ng t trong cu mnh lnh trc tip i thnh ng t nguyn th.
Eg: Please wait for a minute. The man asked me
(+) He/ she + ordered + O + to V
The man asked me to wait for a minute.
commanded Would you mind opening the door she asked me.
told She asked me to open the door.
asked He said to the waiter, Please bring me some hot water.
requested He told to the waiter to bring him some hot water.
I said to her Please shut the window.
I asked her to shut the window.
Eg: Please dont talk loudly. He asked me not to talk loudly.
(-) He/ she + ordered + O + not to + V
He said Dont shut the door. He asked me not to shut the
told
door.
asked

4. Reported speech with to infinitive

- Khi li ni gin tip l li ngh, mnh lnh, nh, li ha, li yu cu,...ng t t-ng thut cng vi ng t
nguyn mu theo sau th-ng dng truyn ti ni dung li ni trn.
ng t t-ng thut + tn ng + ng t nguyn mu (to-infinitive)
*ng t t-ng thut: ask, advise, command, invite, order, recommend, encourage, urge, warn, want, beg,
persuade, remind, instruct
Ex: He said, Would you like to go out for a drink? --> He invited me to go out for a drink.
(invited sb to V = Mi ai.)
She said to me; How about some coffee --> She invited me some coffee
I will look after the house for you if you like he said. -> He offered to look after the house for me if I liked
(Offered to V = ngh ai lm g)
Ex: She said, Can you lend me your book? (asked sb --> She asked me to lend her my book.
to V = yu cu ai lm g?)
Ex: She said to me; Dont forget to ring me up --> She reminded me to ring her up the next eveining
tomorrow evening (Nhc ai lm g)
Ex: You should study harder, my mother said. --> My mother advised me to study harder. (Khuyn ai lm
g)
ng t t-ng thut + ng t nguyn mu (to-infinitive)
*ng t t-ng thut:agree, demand, hope, promise, threaten, offer, refuse, decide...
Ex: All right, Ill wait for you he said -> He agreed to wait for me
Eg: No, I wont lend you my car -> He refused to lend me his car.
Eg: Ill send you a card on your birthday -> He promised to send me a card on my birthday.

5. Reported speech with gerund: (cu gin tip vi danh ng t)

- Khi li ni gin tip l li ngh, chc mng, cm n, xin li. ng t tng thut cng vi danh ng t theo
sau n thng dng truyn ti ni dung li ni trn.
ng t tng thut + V-ing....... * ng t tng thut:deny, admit, suggest,
regret...........
Ex: He said to me; Lets go home -> He suggested going home

ng t tng thut + gii t + Ving ng t tng thut: dream of, object to, insist on,
complain about, think of, look forward to...
Ex: Ill help you with your physics exercise, Peter ---> Peter insisted on helping Susan with her physics
said to Susan exercise.
Ill drive you to the station. I insist, Peter said to
---> Peter insisted on driving Linda to the station.
Linda.
I want to pass the exam with flying colours, John ---> John dreamed of passing the exam with flying
said. colours.
ng t tng thut + gii t + tn ng + Ving * ng t tng thut: thank sb for, accuse sb of,
congratulate sb on, apologize sb for, warn sb against,
prevent sb from, stop sb from
Ex1: It was nice of you to help me. Thank you very ---> Tom thanked me for helping him.
much, Tom said to you.
Ex2: Im sorry Im late, Peter said. --> Peter apologised for being late.
Ex3: John said, I heard you received the scholarship --> John congratulated me on receiving the
Congratulations! scholarship.
Ex4: Stay here! I cant let you go out tonight, her -> Her mother prevented Jane from going out that
mother said to Jane night
Ex5: Dont go out alone at night, I said to Linda. --> I warned Linda agaisnt going out alone at night.
Ex6: You took some of my money, he said. --> He accused me of taking some of his money.
Exercise: Choose the best answer
1. He said he..at the Ritz Hotel.
A.is staying B. has stayed C. was staying D. will stay
2. He asked me where I.
A. have studied B. study C. am studying D. studied
3. I thought that I .my work at that time.
A. shall finish B. will finish C. should finish D. will have finish
4. He wondered if she lived.with her parents.
A. here B. there C. in there D. in here
5. They wonderedshe would come if it rained.
A. what B. who C. whether D. then
6. He says he..at school two years ago.
A. had worked B. works C had been working D. worked
7. Victor said he.very busy.
A. is B. will be C. was D. may be
8. I asked Hoa if she Chinese.
A. could speak B. speaks C. can speak D. has spoken
9. Tina asked me how long I..a teacher.
A. have been B. had been C. am D. will be
10. She asked me.I liked pop music.
A. if B. whether C. that D. A&B
11. The students asked if I was going to teach them physics
A. the next day B. next day C. day next D. the day next
12. I want to know hefor her birthday.
A. has bought B. buys C. had bought D. would buy
13. She said she.come to the party on Friday.
A. wont B. cant C. doesnt D. couldnt
14. Chris asked me where my car.
A. is B. will be C. was D. has been
15. Mr Jim said that he.happy with his new assistant.
A. werent B. isnt C. wasnt D. arent
16. He said that John.up his job.
A. has given B. have given C. had give D. had given
17. She said that she to learn to drive.
A. is going B. was going C. go D. goes
18. I knew that he.a very clever man.
A. was B. will be C. has been D. is
19. They said they.us if we needed.
A. help B. helped C. had gone D. would help
20. She said she..the next week, but I never saw her again.
A. will be back B. had been back C. would be back D. is back
21. She said that she..there the year before.
A. had gone B. went C. would go D. goes
22. I wonderthe tickets are on sale yet.
A. what B. whether C. where D. when
23. She says she.the book.
A. already finds B. has already found C. had already found D. would already find
24. I was sure he.the letter.
A. posted B. had posted C. will post D. is posting
25. He said he.to the station to see me off.
A. came B. will come C. would come D. is coming
26. The policeman asked George where heso early.
A. is running B. ran C. was running D. runs
27. He says that he..the laws of the country.
A. knew B. is knowing C. knows D. had known
28. They realised that they..their way in the dark.
A. had lost B. lose C. lost D. was lost
29. My friend asked me who.the piano in the sitting room.
A. plays B. was playing C. is playing D. has played
30. Go home, said the teacher to us.
A. The teacher told us to go home B. The teacher said us to go home
C. The teacher told us go home D. The teacher told to us to go home
31. Dont forget to clean your teeth, said Granny to Helen.
A. Granny told Helen not forget to clean her teeth. B. Granny told Helen not to forget to clean her teeth.
C. Granny told Helen to not forget to clean her teeth. D. Granny said Helen not to forget to clean her teerh.
32. Please bring me some fish soup, he said to the waitress.
A. He asked the waitress bring him some fish soup. B. He asked the waitress to bring her some fish soup.
C. He asked the waitress to bring him some fish soup. D. He asked the waitress bring her some fish soup.
33. This man spoke to me on the road, said the woman.
A. The woman said that man had spoken to me on the road.
B. The woman said that man has spoken to her on the road.
C. The woman said that man spoke to her on the road.
D. The woman said that man had spoken to her on the road.
34. I said to Nick: Where are you going?
A. I asked Nick where was he going. B. I asked Nick where he was going.
C. I asked Nick where is he going. D. I asked Nick where he is going.
35. If I were you, Id try to get a room on the top of floor, he said.
A. He advised me to try to get a room on the top floor. B. He advised me to try getting a room on the top floor.
C. He offered me to try to get a room on the top floor. D. He suggested me to try to get a room on the top floor.
36. Ill wait for you if you like, she said.
A. She offered to wait for me. B. She said shed wait for me if I liked.
C. She suggested she waited for me. D. A&B are correct.
37. Remember to switch off when youve finished, he said.
A. He reminded me to switch off when Ive finished. B. He reminded me to switch off when Id finished.
C. He offered me to switch off when Id finished. D. He suggested me to switch off when Id finished.
38. Youd better apologise for being late, said my mother.
A. My mother advised me to apologise for being late. B. My mother suggested me to apologise for being late.
C. My mother suggested apologising for being late. D. My mother warned me to apologise for being late.
39. Could you check the oil, please? I asked the mechanic.
A. I invited the mechanic to check the oil. B. I asked the mechanic to check the oil.
C. I reminded the mechanic to check the oil. D. I warned the mechanic to check the oil.
40. Kate said: Mike, do you like my dress?
A. Kate asked Mike if he liked her dress. B. Kate asked Mike if you liked her dress.
C. Kate asked Mike if he liked your dress. D. Kate asked Mike if he likes her dress.
41. Would you like to have lunch with me on Sunday? he said to me.
A. He offered me to have lunch with him on Sunday. B. He suggested me to have lunch with him on Sunday.
C. He invited me to have lunch with him on Sunday. D. He reminded me to have lunch with him on Sunday.
42. Dont open your books, the teacher said to the pupils.
A. The teacher told the pupils to not open their books. B. The teacher told the pupils did not open their books.
C. The teacher told the pupils not open their books. D. The teacher told the pupils not to open their books.
43. Remember to bring your books, he said.
A. He said I remembered to bring my books. B. He warned me against bringing my books.
C. He reminded me to bring my books. D. He asked me if I remembered to bring my books
44. The teacher told his students ______ laughing.
A. to stop B. stop C. stopped D. stopping
45. Jack asked his sister_______.
A. where you have gone tomorrow B. where she would go the following day
C. where would she go the following day D. where you will go tomorrow
46. Peter apologised_______.
A. me for phoning not earlier B. not to phone me earlier
C. for not phoning me earlier D. not for phoning me earlier
47. She suggested ______ for a drink.
A. being gone B. go C. to go D. going
48. The doctor advised Robert ______ to lose weight.
A. to take more exercise so that he could B. to take more exercise if he wanted
C. that he takes more exercise D. that he should take more exercise in order that