Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Reza Kheirabadi
Ph.D. in Linguistics, The Research and Training Plan Organization, Tehran, Iran
The linguistic study of Humor has a rich and long history, and the
systematic research on linguistic mechanisms of humor goes back to
Raskins semantic theory of humor (1985). Besides the elements such as
incongruity, ambiguity and exaggeration, flouting of Grice maxims (1975) of
Cooperative Principle (CP) is one of the most reviewed techniques of
producing humor, which has been the subject of various linguistics studies.
In this research, we study the role of maxim flouting in producing so-called
pa-na-pa (so what conversational style) jokes, which have been recently
spread initially on the Internet and then in the society. We also depict the
process in a three-part algorithm. This new generation of Iranian jokes is
considerable not only because of their linguistic but also because of its
sociolinguistics characteristics in which there is no trace of insulting
language toward social and ethnic minorities that itself shows a paradigm
shift in Iranian jokes.
272
*
91/10/27 : 91/7/22 :
) (1985 .
) (1975
.
.
4) 3 (15 139253-39
.
.
.
.
.
: .
E-mail: r_kheirabadi@yahoo.com :
...
.1
1
.
- -
.
: ) ... ( .
) .(1390
) (
.
.
2
) 3 (4
.
.
.
1 Jo kes
2 Grice co-operative principle
3 Maxim of Quality
4 Maxim of Relevance
40
4 ) 3 (15 1392
.2
5
) (2008: 1203
.
6 1985 .
:
.
).(107 :1389
) (1388
.
) .(196 :1388
) 1383 (181 :1386
:
. / 7 .
. 8 .
5 Attardo
6 Ras kin
7 Incongruity
8 Hostility
41
...
. 9 .
.
) (1386
10
.
(1986) 11
.
.
.3
.
(1967) 12
.
) (CP
:
.(Grice, 1975: 26) .
) 2009 13 .(Mey, 2000: 152
.
.
1967
9 Aprousal
10 Relevance Theory
11 Sperber and Wilson
12
H. Paul Grice
13 Lindbl oom
42
4 ) 3 (15 1392
1975
14 .
(1989) 15 .
.
) (1989
:
.1 .
.2 16.
.3 ) (
).(Grice, 1989: 29
CP
.
] [...
.(Ibid: 368-369) .
17
. 18
):(Ibid: 28
.1 19: .
.2 20: .
.3 21: .
.4 )( 22: ).(Ibid: 28
23
43
...
. 24
25 .
26.
:
-
- ).(Yule, 1996: 37
.
.
-
) (www.asriran.com
.
.4
.
- - .
24 conversational implicature
25
Maxim floutin g
26 deliberate obscurity
44
4 ) 3 (15 1392
:
.1 !
!
.2 . !
50 !
.3 . : !
!
.4 .
!
10 !
.5 . :!
: !
.6 . !
!
.7 . .
!
. !
.8 . !
!
.9 !
.
.10 !
: !
.11 !
!
: .
45
...
!
.12 !
: !
.13 !
: !
.14
!
: .
!
.15 !
!
.16 .
!
!
.17 . !
!
.18 .
: ! :
!
.19 .
. !
. !
.20 11 !
: !
46
4 ) 3 (15 1392
.5
.
)
( )
( .
.
.
. .
.
.
:
.1
: - -.
.2 .
).(Yule, 1996: 26
.3
47
...
.
.4
.
:
. 27 .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
27 Context of situation
48
4 ) 3 (15 1392
.
.
.
.
.
.
1
.
:
: .
)
(.
: !
: : !
.
...
49
...
.6
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
50
1392 (15 )3 4
.7
1. jokes
2. Grice co-operative principle
3. maxim of quality
4. maxim of relevance
5. Attardo
6. Raskin
7. incongruity
8. hostility
9. aprousal
10. relevance theory
11. Sperber and Wilson
12. H. Paul Grice
13. Lindbloom
14. Cole & Morgan
15. Studies in the Way of Words
16. dovetailed
17. super principle/ supreme principle
18. Kant
19. maxim of quantity
20. maxim of quality
21. maxim of relation
22. maxim of manner
23. implicature
24. conversational implicature
25. maxim flouting
26. deliberate obscurity
27. context of situation
.8
. : .(1383)
.88-67 .19 .
. .(1390)
.38-26 .16 .
.(1389)
51
...
).
.109-89 .2 .(
. : .2 . .(1383)
: .(1388)
. .
.198-175 .5
Reference:
Attardo, S. (2008). Semantics and Pragmatics of Humor. Oxford: Blackwell.
Baghini Pour, Majid (2004). "Satisfaction and Its Strategies: a CDA Discussion".
Journal of Linguistics. No. 19. Pp. 67-88 [In Persian].
Grice, H.P. (1975). "Logic and Conversation" in P. Cole & J.L. Morgan (Eds.).
Syntacs and Semantics: Speech Acts 3. New York: Academic Press.
------------- (1989). Studies in the Way of Words. Cambridge: Harvard University
Press.
Hosseini, Negin (2011). "A Communicative Look at the So-called Pa-Na-Pa
Phenomenon" Journal of Communication Management. No. 16. Pp. 26-38 [In
Persian].
Lindblom, K. (2009). "Cooperative Principle" in J.L. Mey (Ed.). Concise
Encyclopedia of Pragmatics. London: Elsevier Ltd.
Mahmoudi Bakhtiyari, Behrooz & Arezoo Adibeyk (2009). "Mobile Phone as a
Textual Media: Discoursive Study of Satiric Texts of Persian SMS". Journal of
Persian Language and Literature Researches. No.5. Pp. 175-198 [In Persian].
Mey, J.L. (2009). Concise Encyclopedia of Pragmatics. Second Edition. Elsevier
Ltd.
Raskin,V. (1985). Semantic Mechanisms of Humor. Dordrecht, the Netherlands:
D. Reidel.
52
1392 (15 )3 4
53