5TH LEVEL. UNIT 6.

PEOPLE AND THE ENVIRONMENT

NEW WORDS
surrounded wolveslobos wildflowersflores
rodeado dry seco silvestres
Forestsbosques warm clido grasshoppers
grasslands lynxeslinces saltamontes
praderas herbaceous deerciervo/s
Deserts desiertos herbceo shrubsarbustos
Steppesestepas stemstallos haresliebres
shelter refugio, softsuave mice ratones
cobijo pasturespastos
cool fresco

TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS
They are on land and surrounded by air.
Forests. They provide shelter and food for animals. There are
different types of forests depending on the climate:
o Atlantic forests: humid climate and cool summers (bears,
wolves)
o Mediterranean forests: dry climate and warm summers
(eagles, lynxes, rabbits)
Mountain grasslands. Plants are herbaceous (soft, flexible stems)
in fertile soils used as pastures. They are in humid regions (grass,
wildflowers, grasshoppers, deer)
Deserts and steppes. They are in very dry regions with extreme
temperatures (small shrubs, hares, mice and lizards)

NEW WORDS
Sandy arenosa Rocky rocoso far lejos
tides mareas Shorescostas trouttrucha
waves olas shallow superficial Lagoonslagunas
seagullsgaviotas deep profundo barely rara vez

AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
They are in water environments.
Marine ecosystems (saltwater ecosystems)
o Sandy beaches, affected by tides and waves (seagulls, sand
fleas)
o Rocky shores. They are shallow areas with sunlight (algae
can grow, starfish, octopuses)
o Open sea. This is the deep sea far from the coast (sardines,
tuna, sharks)
Fresh water ecosystems.
o Rivers. Water is always moving (trout)
o Lagoons. The water barely moves, so plants can grow (frogs,
water snakes)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Gm9zJS10-E&nohtml5=False
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hIy0ZlyPPDg&nohtml5=False
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v=VIe46T6UTUc&ebc=ANyPxKqUcIRbkW2igZS1N7kYzEQLPskLn2Ahd2hXA1U
0QoksYhgel3ezq6-RLaFDB3l7L4nRizGZyzgIq-
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THE ENVIRONMENT
NEW WORDS
oak roble Deforestationdeforestacin
acorns bellotas cut down talar
chopcortar damagedaar
branches ramas Desertificationdesertificacin
fireplacelumbre Erodederosionado
Pollutionpolucin, contaminacin destroy destruir
Rubbish residuos Endangered en peligro
Warmingcalentamiento Be extinct extinguirse
Increaseaumentar over exploitationsobre
explotacin
The environment of a living thing consists of everything that affects it. For
example, environment of an oak tree: climate, soil, air, herbivores eating
acorns and people chopping trees.
Human activity changes the environment.
Some actions have a small effect (collecting branches for the
fireplace) and others have a large impact (building a shopping
centre in a forest)
Effects of human activity on the environment. Negative
effects are:
o Pollution. Rubbish and harmful substances accumulate in the
soil, air and water (global warming, the temperature is
increasing)
o Deforestation. It happens because of fire or people cutting
down too many trees. It also damages animals.
o Desertification. If there isnt vegetation, soils are eroded.
Water and wind destroy the fertile soils.
o Endangered species. Many species can be extinct because of
the pollution, global warming, deforestation or over
exploitation.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WfGMYdalClU

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v=yV2EK2bMgwk&ebc=ANyPxKqpxH8K5bZVU8OEWiWqfKMd4Bo-
N43jQpvoWW_I2u2XtPEIcPWoak4IEOBWFJIHAfUQTNCVYviG-
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PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT

NEW WORDS
Biosphere biosfera turn off apagar, cerrar
Governmentsgobiernos tapgrifo
Huntingcaza loadscargas
fishing pescar full lleno
citizensciudadanos avoid evitar
look aftercuidar noise ruido
waste malgastar Laws leyes
save ahorrar Responsibleresponsable
 Responsible governments.
Governments must protect the environment. So, they control the
natural areas, the water purification systems, the construction
projects into the environment, hunting, fishing and animal protection.
Responsible citizens.
We must also look after the environment. We can recycle waste
(plastics, paper and glass), save energy (turn off lights, public
transport), save water (turn off the tap, shower, full loads) and
respect nature (avoid noise and rubbish).
Nature Reserves and national Parks.
Spanish Government protects natural areas. Laws protect the flora,
the fauna and the physical environments of Nature Reserves and
National Parks.
Biosphere Reserves are protected by international organizations.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jMoFAHXaJqA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6AqxxCbRll0