What is platform framing?

Platform framing is a method of construction used primarily in small structure

applications, such as in the construction of houses or small apartment complexes and
buildings. The name platform framing is derived from the manner in which the
construction is undertaken. The process used is to build upward from the foundation, or
platform.

In platform framing, multiple platforms can be constructed on top of the

framework. Each platform provides vertical support for each level in the buildings
construction. The amount of support provided depends on the parameters and
capacities of the materials used and the manner in which the design of the building has
been laid out.

In most cases, platform framing is the method of choice for residential home
building because it allows for the efficient upward construction of the residence. The
foundation is set, either through the use of pressure treated lumber to prevent rot or
through reinforced slab work. This creates the first platform onto which the residence
will be built. Once the foundation has been constructed, the first floor of the building can
be added to the platform. This then allows for another platform to be built on top of that
for two story homes. In one-story homes, the roof may be built directly on top of the first
platform and frame.

The disadvantage of this construction may occur after completion of the house.
This is because the joists and headers experience interruption from the sub-floor.
Vertical shrinkage is likely when the wood dries. This may destabilize siding materials,
resulting in frequent maintenance.
What is balloon
framing

construction?

Balloon framing is one of the earlier wood construction methods. Light frames of
wood are constructed around studs which run continuously from top to bottom of a
building. The roof is a truss structure that consists of horizontal ceiling joists and sloping
rafters. In balloon framing fewer problems are expected once construction is complete.
Drywall cracking is unlikely. This adds to the durability of the building. Balloon
construction is useful where a vaulted ceiling or two-story open foyer is desirable.
Where a tall chimney is preferred, the balloon technique is also useful. With balloon
framing, you get more flexibility in window design. Angled or arched window tops are
easier to achieve. Large or vaulted windows are also more workable with the balloon
technique than platform framing. The technique creates a higher resilience structure
due to the longer wall frames used. The building is better able to withstand high speed
or gusty winds.

In the event of a fire, the building is likely to be destroyed more quickly. This is
because the structure provides an easy path for fire to travel from one floor to the next.
It becomes necessary to install fire stops on each level. Balloon framed buildings dont
have insulation between a room and its exterior walls. This contributes to increased
energy utilization, hence higher costs. Additionally, the long framing members used in
construction pushes up construction costs. Walls constructed turn out to be very heavy.
To raise these walls, more labor, skill and specialized equipment is required. It also
increases the risk during work.

What are the

different tools
used in a residential
construction?

CONSTRUCTION TOOLS

Air compressor

- Air compressors are machines that compress air to higher than atmospheric
pressures for delivery to pneumatic or robotic tools, industrial equipment, or
direct-use applications.
Hammers

- Hammers are simple, usually hand-held tools intended to deliver impact force
to an object using a non-rotary force. They can be powered or manually-
driven.

Hand Saws

- Hand saws are hand-held tools, either powered or manually-driven, that are
designed to cut through softer materials. They accomplish cutting using a
hard, serrated blade, or by using a wire with an abrasive edge.

Hand tools

- Hand tools are manually-operated tools that fit in the hand.

Levels

- Levels are mechanical or electronic tools that measure the inclination of a

surface relative to the earth's surface. Levels vary from simple mechanical
devices to complex electronic sensors that digitally readout angular level
values.

Nailers

- Nailers, also referred to as nail guns, are tools used to drive nails and brads
into wood, concrete and other materials. Nailers are usually electrically or
pneumatically powered, however some applications, such as flooring
installation, use manually powered nailers.
Pliers

- Pliers (plyers) are handheld, manually-powered hand tools, often employing

serrated jaws, designed for holding, cutting, bending, or manipulation of tough
or difficult materials such as wire, sheet metal, or fine machine components.

Pneumatic Tools

- Pneumatic tools are powered by the flow and pressure of a compressed gas.
Typically, these handheld power tools use compressed air or compressed
carbon dioxide that is stored in small canisters for portability.
Power Tools

- Power tools include a wide range of devices for fabrication, assembly,

construction, and repair. They are usually motor-driven.

Screwdrivers (electric)
 - Industrial screwdrivers are automated tools that are used to turn screws while
providing close control of screw torque. They can be electric or pneumatic
and may include features such as torque feedback and controlled stopping.

Screwdriver (hand tool)

- Screwdrivers, also known as turn screws, are hand-held, manually-powered

simple implements designed for insertion and tightening of screws.

Stapler

- Staplers are handheld tools used to drive staples. Staplers can be divided into
two main categories; those used in desk or office applications for joining
 sheets of paper, and those used in construction applications to drive staples
into wood or masonry.

Wrenches

- Wrenches, also known as spanners, are hand-held tools designed to provide

a mechanical advantage in applying torque for turning bolts, nuts, and other
wrench-friendly objects.

What are the different parts of a residential building?

 Foundation

- A foundation is the lowest and supporting layer of a structure. Foundations

are generally divided into two categories: shallow foundations and deep
foundations.

Floors

- A floor is the walking surface of a room or vehicle. Floors vary from simple
dirt in a cave to many-layered surfaces using modern technology. Floors may
be stone, wood, bamboo, metal, or any other material that can hold a
person's weight. The levels of a building are often referred to as floors
although a more proper term is storey. Floors typically consist of a subfloor for
support and a floor covering used to give a good walking surface. In modern
buildings the subfloor often has electrical wiring, plumbing, and other services
built in. Because floors meet many needs, some essential to safety, floors are
built to strict building codes in the first world.

Wall
 - Building walls have one main purpose: to support roofs and ceilings. Such
walls most often have three or more separate components. In today's
construction, a building wall will usually have the structural elements (such as
24 studs in a house wall), insulation, and finish elements or surface (such
as drywall or paneling). In addition, the wall may house various types
of electrical wiring or plumbing. Electrical outlets are usually mounted in walls.
Building walls frequently become works of art externally and internally, such
as when featuring mosaic work or when murals are painted on them; or as
design foci when they exhibit textures or painted finishes for effect.

Ceiling

- A ceiling is an overhead interior surface that covers the upper limit of a room.
It is generally not a structural element, but a finished surface concealing the
underside of the floor or roof structure above.Ceilings are classified according
to their appearance or construction. A cathedral ceiling is any tall ceiling area
similar to those in a church. A dropped ceiling is one in which the finished
surface is constructed anywhere from a few inches to several feet below the
structure above it. This may be done for aesthetic purposes, such as
achieving a desirable ceiling height; or practical purposes such as providing a
space for HVAC or piping. An inverse of this would be a raised floor.
Roof

- A roof is the covering on the uppermost part of a building. A roof protects the building and its
contents from the effects of weather and the invasion ofanimals. Structures that require roofs
range from a letter box to a cathedral or stadium, dwellings being the most numerous. In
most countries a roof protects primarily against rain. In Persia the citizens used their roofs for
milling wheat, farming, gardens and extra space. Depending upon the nature of the building,
the roof may also protect against heat, sunlight, cold, snow and wind. Other types of
structure, for example, a garden conservatory, might use roofing that protects against cold,
wind and rain but admits light. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against
sunlight but admits the other elements.
MAPUA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Muralla St. Intramuros, Manila

 Research Work # 1

What are the parts of a residential building

Differentiate platform framing construction and balloon framing construction

What are the different tools and used in a residential structure?

Submitted to:

Engr. MF. Pilones

Submitted by:

Acosta, Kristopper I.

2012151102

CE-2
 First Floor Plan
Second Floor Plan
Perspective