HERV Franck

2016 - 2017
Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW)

Physical Principle
Surface wave = guided and
dispersive

Reflexion on interfaces = phase

difference

Dispersion of Rayleigh Wave Example of Rayleigh Wave dispersion image

highly dependant on VS (~100% SNR)

Distance < 100 m = high SNR

Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW)

Method
Generate surface wave

Multichannel data

FK Transform (antialiasing)

Frequency vs Phase velocity

Fundamental modes dispersion

curve

Records from an experiment in an alluvial

VS 1 dimension profile valley. Multichannel data (top left), Frequency
vs Phase velocity (bottom left), 1D VS profile
Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW)

Effect of lateral heterogeneity? Robustness test (1)

Elastic wavefield computer
modeling with vertical and
lateral velocity variation in soil
column

No lateral variation
En echelon fault
Random perturbation
Laminated perturbation
Dips to each layer boundary

+ Experiment in alluvial valley Sample of velocity models used

Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW)

Effect of lateral heterogeneity? Robustness test (2)

No lateral variation case En echelon fault

Velocity models (bottom) Velocity models and dispersion spectrum

and shot gathers (top) (bottom) and shot gathers (top)
Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW)

Effect of lateral heterogeneity? Robustness test (3)

Random perturbation Laminated perturbation

Velocity models (bottom) Velocity models (bottom)

and shot gathers (top) and shot gathers (top)
Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW)

Effect of lateral heterogeneity? Robustness test (4)

Dips to each layer boundary Arbitrary geometry

Velocity models and dispersion spectrum Velocity models and dispersion spectrum
(bottom) and shot gathers (top) (bottom) and shot gathers (top)
Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW)

Effect of lateral heterogeneity? Robustness test (5)

Velocity analysis

Left column : Vp (estimated in blue, true in red)

Middle column: Vs (estimated from shot record 1 in blue, shot record 3 in green,
average from model in red)
Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW)

Effect of lateral heterogeneity? Robustness test (6)

Estimated dispersion curve
close to curve 2

S wave velocity depth profile

estimated by Rayleigh ~
result obtained using model
with average thickness of
layers

Sample of velocity models used

Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW)

Effect of lateral heterogeneity? Robustness test (7)

Experiment in aluvial valley

Soil thickens from west to

east

Tomogrpahy for Vp

2 off en shot records

Multichannel data (top left), Frequency vs

Phase velocity (bottom left), 1D VS profile
Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW)

Effect of lateral heterogeneity? Robustness test (8)

More dispersion if more vertical velocity variations / layers

Lateral velocity variation back propagation

Random perturbations back scattered

Estimation is robust
Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW)

Importance of Vs in ground material characterization

Shear and Young moduli

Load bearing capacity

Ground behavior under

vibration / liquefaction

Low Vs = greater ground

amplification
Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW)

Application to Seismic classification : Vs30m

International Building Code IBC

Classification

Seismic hazard & vibrations

generated by constructions

Shear wave velocity profile samples (A, B, C, D, E

from the less to the most dangerous)
Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW)
MASW for Vs30m :
Survey for nuclear power plant installation (1)

6 different locations

2 active surveys for shallower

depth

1 passive for deeper depth

Thyspunt, South Africa

(MASW sites marked with crosses)
Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW)
MASW for Vs30m :
Survey for nuclear power plant installation (2)

Dispersion imaging (left), Vs 1 dimension profiles for the six sites (right)
Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW)
MASW :
Underground Mine investigation (1)

Survey on 2 lanes (Chisholm, Minnesota)

Multichannel data (top),
Frequency vs Phase velocity (bottom)
Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW)
MASW :
Underground Mine investigation (2)

MASW results of 2D shear wave velocity (Chisholm, Minnesota)

Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW)

THANK YOU !