Applied Networking-IV (2231114)

Lecture Week-12
Basic of Network Management

Lecture by: Djadja.Sardjana, S.T., M.M.

www.slideshare.net/djadja

Monitis_network_
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Basic of Network Management
Basic components

Fig 3-1
Network devices

A NE (network element) must offer a
management interface for management
purposes

Allow managing system to send requests (
configure, retrieve statistical data and etc)

Send information (response and unsolicited )

Manager – a managing application who in
charge of the management

Agent – a NE who support the manager by
responding its requests
Manager-agent
communication

Fig 3-2
Management agent

Consists of 3 parts

A management interface

A Management Information Base

The core agent logic
Management interface

Support a management protocol that
define rule of conversation

Communication between the managed
network element

For example

To open management session

To request to retrieve statistical data

To request to change configuration
Management Information Base
(MIB)

Conceptual data store (management
information) that contain management view
of devices

A type of database used to manage the
devices in a communications network. It
comprises a collection of objects in a (virtual)
database used to manage entities (such as
routers and switches) in a network. (Ref.
from wikipedia)
MIB related standard

RFC 1155

Structure and Identification of Management
Information for TCP/IP based internets

RFC 1157

Simple Network Management Protocol

RFC 1213

Management Information Base for Network
Management of TCP/IP-based internets
 MIB – OID Tree
OID = 1.3.6.1
(internet)

OID = 1.3.6.1.4.1.2682.1
(dpsAlarmControl)
Core agent logic

Translates between the operation of the
management interface, MIB, and actual
device

Ex. Translate the request to “retrieve a counter”
into internal operation that read out a device
hardware register.

Additionally, it can include more management
functions that offload the processing required
by management app.

Pre-correlated raw events before sent out
An anatomy of management
agent

Fig 3-4
Management information (1/2)

The version of installed software

To decide which devices need to have new
software

Utilization of port

Whether capacity upgrades are necessary

Environmental data (temperature and
voltage)

Ensuring that a device is not overheating

Fans

What is causing the temperature to rise
Management information (2/2)

Packet counters for different interfaces

Whether the network is under a certain type of
attacks (DoS)

Protocol timeout parameter

To fine tune network communication performance

Firewall rules

Security purposes

others ?
Managed object (MO)

Refer to “ a chunk of management
information that exposes one of the real
world aspects”

Ex. MO could represent a device fan along with its
operational state, a port on a line card along with
a set of statistical data

MO could be

a MIB object in SNMP

a parameter in a CLI (command-line interface)

An element of an XML document in web-based
management interface

Not all aspects in the real world are modeled

Color of devices

Real world object that MO represents is
referred to as the “real resource”

Since management information in MIB
represents real resource

When querying the MIB for MO representing a
packet counter 3 times, the value returned will be
different
Basic parts of network
management - refined

Fig 3-6
The Management System

Tools to manage the network

monitor the network

Service provisioning system

Craft terminal

In fact, management system is different
from management applications

But often we can use both as the same
meaning
Manager/agent reference
diagram

Fig 3-8
Caching MIB

Fig 3-9
The Management network

Networks for carrying traffic of
subscriber or end user are referred as
“production network”

Networks for carrying management
traffic are referred as “management
network”

Both can be physically separate
networks or they can share the same
physical network
Connecting a craft terminal to
a managed device

Fig 3-10

Linksys-
Basic_Network_
Management-
3m26
Connecting to multiple devices
through a terminal server

Fig 3-11
Dedicated Vs Shared
Management and Production
networks

Fig 3-12
Pros of a dedicated
management network

Reliability

Congestion or network failure occurs somewhere in the
network, it makes the devices hard to reach

Also hard to find out what it happen

Interference avoidance

Compete with production traffic

May interfere high QoS services (voice ,video streaming)

Ease of network planning

No need to consider on management traffic

Security

Hard to attack and more secure
Cons of a dedicated
management network

Cost and overhead

Addition cost for a management network

No reasonable alternative

Some devices do not provide a physical
connection for another usage

DSL router cannot be connected with two
physical links
Final word

Cost is the huge disadvantage

So, the management network is needed
only critical area

Backbone of service providers or big
enterprises)

Hybrid solution

Generally, it shares over production
networks

Only critical segments are used as
dedicated networks
Managing the management

The management support org. is responsible
for making sure that the network is being run
efficiently and effectively

These tasks must be performed

Monitoring the network for failures

Diagnosing failures and communication outages

Planning and carrying out repairs

Provisioning new services and adding/removing
users

Keeping an eye on performance of the
network

Taking preventive measure

Planning network upgrades

Increase capacity

Planning network topology and buildout

Ensure that the network will meet future
demand
Organization structure

Network planning

Analyzing network usage and traffic patterns and
planning network build out

Network operation

Keeping the network running and monitoring the
network failures

Network administration

Installing new devices / software

Customer (user) management

Interacting with the customers
Other thing are needed

Establishment of process and
operational policies, documentation of
operational procedures

Well-defined procedures

Well-defined workflow

Make management consistent and efficient

Collection of audit trails

Automatically logging activities of
operations

Network documentation

Must be accurate and up-to-date

Important for network planning and software
upgrades

Identify some discrepancies

Reliable backup and restore procedures

Bring network back to live again in case of
disaster

Security emphasis

Networks potentially most vulnerable from the
inside

Limit the damage that can cause by one person
Management life cycle

Plan

Before the network system starts

During the network system is running
Management life cycle

Deploy

Installation of the equipment

Bootstrap mechanism to allow a device to obtain
and IP address and have layer2 or 3 connectivity

Operate

Monitoring/troubleshooting/performance tuning
and etc

Decommission

Old equipments (old technology) will be replace
TMN-layer: a management
hierarchy reference model
Management layer

TMN (telecommunication Management
network)

Network element

Element management

Network management

Service management

Business management
Network element

It means “the management agent “

It involves with

the management functionality

Communication pattern (protocols)
Element management

Involve managing the individual devices
and keep them running

Functions such as

to view and change a network element’s
configuration

To monitor alarm messages emitted from
elements

To instruct network elements to run self-
test
Network management

Concern with keeping the network
running as a whole (end-to-end)

Monitoring that involves ensuring that data
flow to reach destination with acceptable
throughput and delay

Managing multiple devices in a concerted
fashion
Service management

Managing the services that the network
provides and ensuring those services
are running smoothly

Let’s think as ISP (Internet service
provider)

?
Business management

Billing and invoicing

Help desk management

Business forecasting

Etc ?
Applied Networking-IV (2231114)
Lecture Week-11
Basic of Network Management
Final Word
Lecture by: Djadja.Sardjana, S.T., M.M.
www.slideshare.net/djadja

Network
Management
Fundamentals-
3m48