CHAPTER I

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Introduction

OMSC was started way back on 1966 among with the good quality and their

Excellency and mostly being competitive that creates the name of this institution. So that

information is the way to achieve and ideas coming from which creates the improvement

of communication by sharing of knowledge because of the technology which all of them

are using it. Their teaching skills are being high standard which is under in this institution

are being evaluated that improvement their skills and also the knowledge could take in

this school. There are five extensions which OMSCs campuses are: Main, Labangan,

Murtha, Sablayan and also Mamburao.

The proponents observed that most of the problem that encountered by using

database and also the whole computer system had been affected that caused of data loss

and the computer performance because of the viruses which intact to destroy the

computer system that suddenly all the data are been eliminated in a single action.

Corrupted file which indicates the information of all computer system about their

important details which collected when they inputted through the databases. When

everything had been deleted its hard to restore or recovered their files because it doesnt

have a recycle bin which when they deleted can be restored.

To address this problem, the proponents would like to propose the Development

of Database System for OMSC-RDE which develops for the ideas that can improve the

techniques and also some features that indicates in the system. This system develop for
 the data security which securing the data information for those malicious threat and

unauthorized personnel who planning to crashed the system or changing some wrong

information in the database system. It includes for the development about the system

features that can easily to use and directed through their wanted.

Objective of the Study

The main objectives of this study is to develop for the Database System for

OMSC Institution of San Jose, Occidental Mindoro.

Specially, this study aims to:

1. Design Database System for the OMSC-RDE with the following features:
a. Quickly Search title and name of the researchers
b. Admin users Security
c. Filtering record according their names
d. Printing the Database Data
2. Create Database System for OMSC-RDE using visual basic 6.0, Microsoft Access

2010 and operating System.

3. Test the Developed System.
4. Evaluate the performance of the developed system.
5. Develop a user manual.

Significant of the Study

This study significantly contributes to the following:
OMSC Teachers. Through a improve methods to lessen their time and easy to

use when searching. Its very helpful for those teachers to find their research work in

fastest way. It easier to determine and those infos about their research works. It shows

the total records data.

Employees. It helps to notice when somebody need to identified other research.

For those employees who shall part of the constitution had an authority to seen their
 works. It works as an easy way by searching and other designs that can use in the

development system.
Researchers Keeper. Searching is the basis for those researchers who lack of

time and for the instance for those who lack of impatient. It determines this method in a

good response when somebody wanted to change, delete and saving their research titles.

Scope and Limitations

The Development of Database System for OMSC-RDE shall focus for the OMSC

school, for those employees, teachers and researchers keeper who are authorized using

the development database system. This study develops to reduce the time and effort in

terms of adding, editing, searching, deleting and printing of records.

I. Knowledge

Requirements
a. The importance
of Database
System
b. Advantages of
Database
Conceptual Framework
System
c. Disadvantages of
The conceptual framework of the study is presented in the illustration below.
Database
System
d. Research
database
e. The role of
Input Process Output
Database
System in our - Project Design
daily life cycle - Project
II. Software Developme
Development nt of
Requirements - Operational/Test
Database
a. Visual basic 6.0
b. MS Word
ing Procedure System of
- Evaluate
c. MS Access OMSC-RDE
d. Windows 7,8,9 Process
III. Hardware - Implementation
- Evaluation
Requirement
Fig.1. Research Paradigm

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

The Importance of Database System

Database is the popular structure which all over the world are using it because of

the basic codes that can be easy to remember and it easy to use its functionality. Even
internets are using database and LAN. Anything out of the world are using database

which every time it been update the settings and the other functions of the system.

Database management systems are important to businesses and organizations because

they provide a highly efficient method for handling multiple types of data. Some of the

data that are easily managed with this type of system include: employee records, student

information, payroll, accounting, project management, inventory and library books.

These systems are built to be extremely versatile.

` Without database management, tasks have to be done manually and take more

time. Data can be categorized and structured to suit the needs of the company or

organization. Data is entered into the system and accessed on a routine basis by assigned

users. Each user may have an assigned password to gain access to their part of the

system. Multiple users can use the system at the same time in different ways (Aveda,

2015).

According to (URSSC, 2000) it explains the difference of the Microsoft Excel to

the database, the usage and the effectiveness for the database. Spreadsheets are normally

used on an individual basis, with data to be shared often being copied to each person.

Databases can be used in the same way, but it is usually more effective to share the data

from within a single database. This is the natural way to operate when computers are

networked, but applies even if the database is on a single stand-alone machine. Thus the

establishment of one or more databases will normally involve decisions of responsibility

for the entry, validation and use of the data. This extra formality is usually also important

to ensure good quality data. When a database package is used, alternative ways range
from employing an outside consultant to proceeding in a similar step-by-step approach to

that often used for Excel. We consider these alternatives in turn.

Advantages of database system

According to (Thakur, 2010) it takes the advantages of the database which helps

to your computer and also it use easily about the data which stored in their system.

Controlling Redundancy. In file system, each application has its own private

files, which cannot be shared between multiple applications. This can often lead to

considerable redundancy in the stored data, which results in wastage of storage space. By

having centralized database most of this can be avoided. It is not possible that all

redundancy should be eliminated. Sometimes there are sound business and technical

reasons for maintaining multiple copies of the same data. In a database system, however

this redundancy can be controlled.

Integrity can be enforced. Integrity of data means that data in database is always

accurate, such that incorrect information cannot be stored in database. In order to

maintain the integrity of data, some integrity constraints are enforced on the database. A

DBMS should provide capabilities for defining and enforcing the constraints.

Inconsistency can be avoided. When the same data is duplicated and changes are

made at one site, which is not propagated to the other site, it gives rise to inconsistency

and the two entries regarding the same data will not agree. At such times the data is said

to be inconsistent. So, if the redundancy is removed chances of having inconsistent data

is also removed.
 Standards can be enforced. Since DBMS is a central system, so standard can be

enforced easily may be at Company level, Department level, National level or

International level. The standardized data is very helpful during migration or

interchanging of data. The file system is an independent system so standard cannot be

easily enforced on multiple independent applications.

Restricting unauthorized access. When multiple users share a database, it is

likely that some users will not be authorized to access all information in the database. For

example, account office data is often considered confidential, and hence only authorized

persons are allowed to access such data. In addition, some users may be permitted only to

retrieve data, whereas other is allowed both to retrieve and to update. Hence, the type of

access operation retrieval or update must also be controlled.

Typically, users or user groups are given account numbers protected by

passwords, which they can use to gain access to the database. A DBMS should provide a

security and authorization subsystem, which the DBA uses to create accounts and to

specify account restrictions. The DBMS should then enforce these restrictions

automatically.

Providing Backup and Recovery. A DBMS must provide facilities for

recovering from hardware or software failures. The backup and recovery subsystem of

the DBMS is responsible for recovery.

Cost of developing and maintaining system is lower.It is much easier to

respond to unanticipated requests when data is centralized in a database than when it is

stored in a conventional file system. Although the initial cost of setting up of a database
can be large, but the cost of developing and maintaining application programs to be far

lower than for similar service using conventional systems.

Disadvantages of Database System

According to (Webster, 2011) there are many advantages of DBMS, the DBMS

may also have some minor disadvantages.

Increased costs. Database systems require sophisticated hardware and software

and highly skilled personnel. The cost of maintaining the hardware, software, and

personnel required to operate and manage a database system can be substantial. Training,

licensing, and regulation compliance costs are often overlooked when database systems

are implemented.

Management complexity. Database systems interface with many different

technologies and have a significant impact on a companys resources and culture. The

changes introduced by the adoption of a database system must be properly managed to

ensure that they help advance the companys objectives. Given the fact that database

systems hold crucial company data that are accessed from multiple sources, security

issues must be assessed constantly.

Maintaining currency. To maximize the efficiency of the database system, you

must keep your system current. Therefore, you must perform frequent updates and apply

the latest patches and security measures to all components. Because database technology

advances rapidly, personnel training costs tend to be significant. Vendor dependence.

Given the heavy investment in technology and personnel training, companies might be

reluctant to change database vendors. As a consequence, vendors are less likely to offer
pricing point advantages to existing customers, and those customers might be limited in

their choice of database system components.

Frequent upgrade/replacement cycles. DBMS vendors frequently upgrade their

products by adding new functionality. Such new features often come bundled in new

upgrade versions of the software. Some of these versions require hardware upgrades. Not

only do the upgrades themselves cost money, but it also costs money to train database

users and administrators to properly use and manage the new features.

Research Database

Information are being evolved by the technologies performance in anywhere areas

of this world are they able to find or coming the information which effort are lessen

needed by searching through their studies. Research databases are organized collections

of computerized information or data such as periodical articles, books, graphics and

multimedia that can be searched to retrieve information. Databases can be general or

subject oriented with bibliographic citations, abstracts, and or full text. The sources

indexed may be written by scholars, professionals or generalists.

Research databases that are retrieved on the World Wide Web are generally non-

fee based, lack in-depth indexing, and do not index proprietary resources. Subscription or

commercial databases are more refined with various types of indexing features, searching

capabilities, and help guides. George (2016).

The Role of Database System in our Daily life Cycle

According to (Bernstein et al.., 2016) Developers built databases and database-

centric applications, business analysts queried databases using (SQL-based) reporting

tools, end users generated data and queried and updated databases, and database

administrators tuned and monitored databases and their workloads. Today, a single

individual can play multiple roles in the data life cycle, and some roles may be served by

crowdsourcing. Thus, human factors need to be considered for query understanding and

refinement, identifying relevant and trustworthy information sources, defining and

incrementally refining the data processing pipeline, visualizing relevant patterns,

obtaining query answers, and making the various micro-tasks doable by domain experts

and end users.

Development Tools/Programming Software Used

Microsoft Word. Microsoft Word is a word processor developed by Microsoft. It

was first released in 1983 under the name Multi-Tool Word for Xenix

systems. Subsequent versions were later written for several other platforms

including IBM PCs running DOS (1983), Apple Macintosh running Mac

OS (1985), AT&T Unix PC (1985), Atari ST (1988), OS/2(1989), Microsoft

Windows (1989) and SCO Unix (1994). Commercial versions of Word are licensed as a

standalone product or as a component of Microsoft Office, Windows RT or the

discontinued Microsoft Works suite. Microsoft Word Viewer and Office Online are

Freeware editions of Word with limited features.

Visual Basic 6.0. It's a computer programming system developed and owned by

Microsoft. Visual Basic was originally created to make it easier to write programs for the

Windows computer operating system. The basis of Visual Basic is an earlier

programming language called BASIC that was invented by Dartmouth College professors
John Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz. Visual Basic is often referred to using just the initials,

VB.Visual Basic is easily the most widely used computer programming system in the

history of software.

Evalution Tools

ISO 9126. ISO9126-1 represents the latest (and ongoing) research into

characterizing software for the purposes of software quality control, software quality

assurance and software process improvement (SPI). This article defines the

characteristics identified by ISO 9126-1. The other parts of ISO 9126, concerning metrics

or measurements for these characteristics, are essential for SQC, SQA and SPI but the

main concern of this article is the definition of the basic ISO 9126 Quality Model.

FURPS. Is an acronym representing a model for classifying software quality

attributes (functional and non-functional requirements): Functionality Capability ( Size

& Generality of Feature Set), Reusability ( Compatibility, Interoperability, Portability),

Security ( Safety & Exploitability) Usability (UX) Human Factors, Aesthetics,

Consistency, Documentation, Responsiveness Reliability Availability ( Failure

Frequency ( Robustness/Durability/Resilience), Failure Extent & Time-Length

(Recoverability/Survivability)), Predictability (Stability), Accuracy (Frequency/Severity

of Error) Performance Speed, Efficiency, Resource Consumption (power, ram, cache,

etc.), Throughput, Capacity, Scalability Supportability (Serviceability, Maintability).

CHAPTER III
 METHODOLOGY

This Chapter includes the project design, project development, operation and

testing procedure as well as the evaluation procedure.

Project Design

The Research Development Extension Instruction: is an instructional tool that

provides information in data gathering as reflected in fig.2.

0
Researcher Researcher
Inquir Database Send

Informati
Recording
System Updat
on

Generate Updat
Report e

Admin

Fig.2 Context Diagram of Development Database System for OMSC-RDE

1. 2.
Researche
rs Inquir Recor Resul Process
y d t Researcher
Filing s Record

Record List
Add s
Record
s
 D2.0 Researcher.
dbf

1.
1
Update
Researche
rs Title

Updat List

D1.1 Researchers title.

dbf

Fig.3 Data flow Diagram of Development Database System for OMSC-RDE

The Project of storyboard of the Deveopment database system for OMSC- RDE

are follows:

SEQUEN SPECIFICAT
CE Form 1 ION
Log In Form
Description: Some
Authorized member that
connected to the
User name: database.
Password:
Background: Color blue
background, image and
Login

Canc

Development of Database System

Form 2
For OMSC-RDE
Main menu Form
Description: show the
Name/titleSearch:
search button and the
button for the add
researcher.
Background: OMSC logo
and button
ADD Researcher Cancel

OMSC-RDE Form 3

Delet Updat Save Add Information Form

e e
Description: they need to
Name of the Title Department fill-up the information of
the researcher and also
their title works.
Masters Date Background: button
 Form 4
Update Information
Form
Description: changing
the information about
their works by using the
update button.

OMSC-RDE
Form 4

Delet Updat Save Records of the

e e Researcher
Description: All the
record about the
researchers title
works.
Background: button
Project Development

The study will utilize the system development life cycle in its project

development. Its consist of the following step: Data Gathering, Create the project,

Designing of the project, System Improvement, Testing and Evaluation and the final

output of the project.

Data
Gathering:
-Planning
-Reading Creating:
-Recording -Research
Materials for codes
-Analysis Designing:

-Program -Research
layouts
design
System
-Logical Improvement, Development of
Physical Testing and Database System of
Design Evaluation Occidental Mindoro
State college
Research
Development
Extension

Fig.3 System Development

Life Cycle

Data Gathering. The development started from the gathering necessary information

needed to meet the objectives of the study. Observation and initial interview of IT experts
were done in the conceptualization of this project. Upon the approval of this proposal by

the panel, several steps had been undertaken.

Designing the project. In designing the system, appropriate multimedia application

software such as, Adobe Photoshop for icons, buttons and graphic designs, and to speech

application software (natural reader) for the narration and MS access for the database

were essential to make the system interactive. Browsing the internet and searching for

related informations and designs were the primary options for designing the proposed

system. Selection of topics and lesson was also considered.

Coding the Project. In designing and coding the system, the study selected the

Visual Basic 6.0 programming language for coding and designing of system. Browsing

the internet and searching for related information, codes and designs were done for

coding the proposed system.

Enhancing of system, Evaluating and Testing. During the development (Database

System of OMSC-RDE) the system was changed to executable system. Testing was

administered for improvement and identifications of error. The system was evaluated by

IT Experts and end-users. Evaluation instrument was used to evaluate the system. IT

experts and end-users were requested to use the system before rating the project. An

open-ended evaluation of the system was also utilized and answered to get pertinent

comments and recommendations for the success of the study.

Operation and Testing Procedure

 The operation and testing procedure shows the procedures that the user can

operate the system of Occidental Mindoro State College. It shows the procedure and steps

on how the system works.

Operation Procedure

1. Start the program to run the system.

2. Loading the program. With the greetings and also the logo of the omsc and the school

will appear.
3. Login the system for the security pass and username.
4. The menu environment that all some buttons they can use.
5. After clicking any buttons, it will appear those command buttons through the next

transaction.
6. Searching name or title which inputted in the Database.
7. Add button to add the new researchers information.

Testing Procedure

1. Using some Windows Operating system like Windows 7 and beyond operating

systems.
2. Check the compatibility of size of the pcs screen.
3. Install the system with the Minimum of 500 MB size of memory.

Evaluation procedure
The following procedures will be used to evaluate the Database System for
Occidental Mindoro state College.
1. Preliminary Evaluation
a. Conduct a preliminary evaluation by the developer in the initial assessment based
on the expected output and the specification set.
2. Project Demonstration
a. Invite prospective users composed of 35 randomly selected students, 10 IT
experts instructor 5 IT experts and programmers.
 b. Present System.
c. Ask the respondents to operate the system.
d. Observe the performance and the behaviour of the system.
3. Final Evaluation.
a. Survey questionnaires will be distribute to 50 respondents composed of randomly
selected students, IT expert, IT instructors and programmers.
b. Ask the respondents to rate the system based on the based on the criteria of the
evaluation instrument to provide comments as well.
4. Date Treatment
a. Collect the evaluation instrument among the respondents.
b. Tabulate and compute for the mean of each criterion and the overall mean of all
the criteria.
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