ARB
physical problems and technolo-
Criteria
General Attributes
GA1
Ability to generate design pro-
posals using understanding of a
body of knowledge, some at the
current boundaries of professional
practice and the academic disci-
pline of architecture
GA2
Ability to apply a range of com-
munication methods and media
to present design proposals clear- critical approach to architectural
ly and effectively
GA3
Understanding of the alternative
materials, processes and tech-
niques that apply to architectural
design and building construction
GA4
Ability to evaluate evidence, ar-
guments and assumptions in or-
der to make and present sound
judgments within a structured
discourse relating to architectural nologies that influence the design
culture, theory and design
GA5
Knowledge of the context of the
architect and the construction in- technological aspects of archi-
dustry, and the professional qual- tecture;
ities needed for decision making
in complex and unpredictable
circumstances
GA6
Ability to identify individual learn- as an influence on the quality of
ing needs and understand the
personal responsibility required for
further professional education.
General Criteria
GC1 Ability to create architec-
tural designs that satisfy both
aesthetic and technical require-
Ability to:
.1 prepare and present building
design projects of diverse scale,
complexity, and type in a variety
of contexts, using a range of me-
dia, and in response to a brief;
.2 understand the constructional
and structural systems, the envi-
ronmental strategies and the reg-
ulatory requirements that apply to
the design and construction of a
comprehensive design project;
.3 develop a conceptual and
design that integrates and satisfies Understanding of:
the aesthetic aspects of a build-
ing and the technical require-
ments of its construction and the
needs of the user.
GC2 Adequate knowledge of
the histories and theories of archi-
tecture and the related arts, tech-
nologies and human sciences.
Knowledge of:
.1 the cultural, social and intellec- trends in the construction of the
tual histories, theories and tech-
of buildings;
.2 the influence of history and
theory on the spatial, social, and
.3 the application of appropriate
theoretical concepts to studio
design projects, demonstrating a
GC3 Knowledge of the fine arts
architectural design.
Knowledge of:
.1 how the theories, practices and scales and types, to define client
technologies of the arts influence and user requirements and their
architectural design;
.2 the creative application of the
fine arts and their relevance and
impact on architecture;
.3 the creative application of such lation of the brief, and the meth-
work to studio design projects, in
terms of their conceptualisation
and representation.
GC4 Adequate knowledge of
urban design, planning and the
skills involved in the planning pro- with building design
cess.
Knowledge of:
.1 theories of urban design and
the planning of communities;
.2 the influence of the design and material systems relevant to archi-
development of cities, past and
present on the contemporary built .2 strategies for building con-
environment;
.3 current planning policy and
development control legislation,
including social, environmental
and economic aspects, and the
relevance of these to design de-
velopment.
GC5 Understanding of the re-
lationship between people and
buildings, and between buildings
and their environment, and the
need to relate buildings and the
spaces between them to human
needs and scale.
Understanding of:
.1 the needs and aspirations of
building users;
.2 the impact of buildings on the
environment, and the precepts of
sustainable design;
.3 the way in which buildings fit
into their local context.
GC6 Understanding of the pro-
fession of architecture and the
role of the architect in society, in
particular in preparing briefs that
take account of social factors.
.1 the nature of professionalism
and the duties and responsibilities
of architects to clients, building us-
ers, constructors, co-professionals
and the wider society;
.2 the role of the architect within
the design team and construction
industry, recognising the impor-
tance of current methods and
built environment;
.3 the potential impact of building
projects on existing and proposed
communities
GC7 Understanding of the
methods of investigation and
preparation of the brief for a de-
sign project.
Understanding of:
.1 the need to critically review
precedents relevant to the func-
tion, organisation and technologi-
cal strategy of design proposals;
.2 the need to appraise and pre-
pare building briefs of diverse
appropriateness to site and con-
text;
.3 the contributions of architects
and co-professionals to the formu-
ods of investigation used in its
preparation.
GC8 Understanding of the struc-
tural design, constructional and
engineering problems associated
Understanding of:
.1 the investigation, critical ap-
praisal and selection of alterna-
tive structural, constructional and
tectural design;
struction, and ability to integrate
knowledge of structural principles
and construction techniques;
.3 the physical properties and
characteristics of building mate-
rials, components and systems,
and the environmental impact of
specification choices.
GC9 Adequate knowledge of
gies and the function of buildings
so as to provide them with internal
conditions of comfort and protec-
tion against the climate.
Knowledge of:
.1 principles associated with de-
signing optimum visual, thermal
and acoustic environments;
.2 systems for environmental com-
fort realised within relevant pre-
cepts of sustainable design;
.3 strategies for building services,
and ability to integrate these in a
design project.
GC10 The necessary design skills
to meet building users require-
ments within the constraints im-
posed by cost factors and build-
ing regulations
Have the skills to:
.1 critically examine the financial
factors implied in varying building
types, constructional systems, and
specification choices, and the
impact of these on architectural
design;
.2 understand the cost control
mechanisms which operate dur-
ing the development of a project;
.3 prepare designs that will meet
building users requirements and
comply with UK legislation, ap-
propriate performance standards
and health and safety require-
ments.
GC11 Adequate knowledge of
the industries, organisations, reg-
ulations and procedures involved
in translating design concepts into
buildings and integrating plans
into overall planning.
Knowledge of:
have knowledge of:
. the fundamental legal, profes-
sional and statutory responsibilities
of the architect, and the organ-
isations, regulations and proce-
dures involved in the negotiation
and approval of architectural de-
signs, including land law, develop-
ment control, building regulations
and health and safety legislation;
.2 the professional inter-relation-
ships of individuals and organ-
isations involved in procuring
and delivering architectural pro-
jects, and how these are defined
through contractual and organi-
sational structures;
.3 the basic management theo-
ries and business principles relat-
ed to running both an architects
practice and architectural pro-
jects, recognising current and
emerging trends in the construc-
tion industry.
e.g.: this section shows the abil-
ity to identify individual learning
needs and understand the per-
sonal responsibility required for
further professional education,
therefore:
GA6
Magic School of Green
Technology, Tainan, Tai- MSc
Architecture
wan.
Left: Entrance
Right: Interior featuring
ventilation stack and nat-
ural lighting
Thesis
Msc Architecture: Advanced
Environmental & Energy Studies
(AEES)
Modules studied and the papers
written for them:
Environmental Impacts of Buildings
Passive House Standards should be
extended across the UK construc-
tion industry
Sustainable Construction Materials:
Theory and Practice
The Greenest Schools on Earth: Deriving appropriate criteria for as-
An investigation into the benefits of sustainable sessing the sustainability of building
materials
schools
Abstract Environment and energy in the
In order to arrest the progress of climate change and help secure resources for future global context
generations, it is necessary to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reliance on fossil All new UK dwellings should be
fuel, by using less energy. Buildings are significant consumers of energy, embodied constructed with flood adaptation
and in-use, and as such present us with great opportunities in this endeavour. measures built-in
Schools appear in all communities to some extent and would seem to be a good
starting point. However, sustainable technologies and strategies are still being Climate comfort and building per-
developed and therefore they are not always successful in producing the energy formance
savings they aim for. Re-contextualizing the Notion of
For that reason, this paper asks, what are the other benefits to be gained from green Comfort - a Critique
schools? Improved performance, teaching, and wellbeing have been suggested. The
Building services: an
paper also acknowledges the possibilities for raising environmental awareness in the
environmental perspective; Brown
young, together with the wider community.
fields and Contaminated land
Three exemplar schools declaring superior sustainability credentials were selected as
Should carbon emissions targets be
case studies, within which to investigate these claims of wider beneficial aspects.
the only consideration when de-
The results of the building user centred research had mixed results, but did suggest
ciding between reuse or demolition
that user satisfaction is improved, and that students attending the schools become
and rebuilding of UK housing stock?
significantly more aware of environmental issues. The study concludes that more
research is needed into the ways in which communities can gain from green schools.
Principles of light: artificial and nat-
ural; Daylight factor; Sunlight
and solar gain in buildings; Princi-
ples of Hydro power and
Biomass
Passive solar design strategies can
contribute to the UK objective of
zero carbon new-build homes from
2016
Cities, Public Health and Environ-
mental Issues
Planning policy can support the
health of UK citizens as well as re-
ducing CO2 emissions
Ecological Modernisation and Sus-
Bali Green School, Indonesia. Above left: Interior with stack ventilation. Above right: Exterior tainable Development
Post-Occupancy Evaluation: An In-
evitable Step Toward Sustainability
- a Critique
References:
https://gse.cat.org.uk/index.php/
postgraduate-courses
GA 3, 4, 5
GC 1.3
GC 2.1
GC 5.1, 5.2, 5.3
GC 6.2, 6.3
GC 8.1, 8.2, 8.3
Sing Yin School, Hong Kong. Above left: Interior with wind turbine. Above right: USGBC award GC 9.1, 9.2, 9.3
 Kingston
University
Walking Sketch
No Award - BA
Lunar House to Croydon
Clocktower Architecture, not completed

Research for Final

Project: Croydon
Town Centre
The fabric of the town centre is checked St Georges Square Alley

Walking Sketch
Sketches were made every fifty
steps from Lunar House tower to the
Croydon Clocktower. This method
shows differences in density and
grain of the city.

Sketchbook
Visits to Croydon were recorded
using a working sketchbook.
Traffic is an inescapable element in
the landscape of Croydon.

Vertical Project
Students from all levels in the school
worked together in teams to pro-
duce a comprehensive record of
the buildings in the town centre.
The newer slab buildings are visible through the spaces
From Subway to tower Footprints in the snow denote the route behind the buildings
where the older buildings have been demolished Process Book
Students were required to produce
a process book to record the de-
velopment of the project and other
observations.

Process Book observation. Ground level should be aban-

Process Book observation. Greenery in the street. Traffic
doned to traffic. Green space created above.

GA2

GC 2.1, 2.2

GC 4.3

Vertical Project Work GC 6.3

Travelling at roof level on the highway Different scales of buildings
GROUP 18 ELEVATIONS 1:1000 BY LOUISA MEAD GC 7.1
 Kingston
University
No Award - BA
Architecture, not completed

Research for Final

Project: Site
Environmental testing equipment:
Investigation
Results: Natural light and Noise on site plan Circulation diagrams in collage
acoustic, wind speed and light meters

Environmental testing
Environmental factors effecting
design were tested on site. Unfor-
tunately access was blocked from
the actual site, but readings were
taken from the surrounding area.

Circulation and Massing sketches

Multiple massing and circulation
diagrams were made to trial differ-
ent access routes, building arrange-
ments and the buildings

Massing sketches - new access route from the college and public
Massing sketches - public and private space
space
View - mending the street front

Interior of Kitchen showing views to neighbouring office Interior of flat showing views to Croydon Railway station to
View from behind the site. Creating a new access path.
block to the west the east

GA 1, 2

GC 1.3

GC 4.1

GC 5.1, 5.3
View from behind the site. Creating a new access path and View from behind the site. Creating a new access path and
View - mending the street front
reusing the space under the buildings. reusing the space under the buildings. GC 6.3
 Kingston
University
No Award - BA
Architecture, not completed

Research for Final

Site model of Croydon with interventions
Project: Centre for
Older People and
Young Peoples
Model of possible facade treatment Model of possible new public space
Housing
Circulation and Massing Models
Multiple massing and circulation
models were made to trial different
access routes, building arrange-
ments and the buildings

Precedent Studies
Gifu Kitagata by SANAA and Unite
dHabitation by Le Corbusier were
selected as two relevant housing
scheme precedents. Studies were
made of the quality of the interior
space, the organisation and circu-
lation of the buildings, and the ide-
als that they represented for their
designers.
Precedent Study - Unite dHabitation, Le Corbusier Precedent study - Gifu Kitagata Apartments, SANAA
Model of Apartment Space
A model was constructed at 1:50
scale and various furniture was also
made to explore the nature of the
interior space (models with furniture
not photographed).

Glazed shutters were added to the

exterior which echoed the vertical
louvres on the day centre part of
the building.

The shutters were also a way of

capturing heat from the sun in
the balcony area to heat the rest
of the apartment during cooler
months.

Interior view from downstairs room Facade with glazed shutters

GA 1, 2, 3, 4

GC 1.1, 1.3

GC 2.1, 2.2, 2.3

GC 3.1

GC 4.1, 4.2

GC 5.1, 5.3

GC 7.1

GC 8.3

GC 10.3
Interior view from balcony View from the entrance hall View from the upper floor sleeping area
GC 6.3
 Kingston
University
No Award - BA
Architecture, not completed

Vertical louvres Vertical louvres Final Project:

Reinforced Reinforced
Young Peoples
Housing and Older
Concrete Concrete
RC BEAM 700 X 300 X 300
Column Column
500 x 500 Reception 500 x 500

Delivery Garden cycle

Peoples Day
Access store store
Bifold
Interior
Kitchen Kitchen
Shutters
Storage

Centre
REINFORCED CONCRETE
BEAM
700 X 300 X 300
Bifold Doors

Vertical louvres

Covered
walkway and Exterior
FIRST FLOOR Brief
sunshading
Bifold Doors
Glazed
Shutters
Young People's Our brief for the final project was
loose, the only specification being
Housing
Louvre
FLAT
that the intervention should include
(Also floors 3, 5, 7, 9)
SEDUM
Fencing GARDEN
RC BEAM 700 X 300 X 300 ROOF

a day centre for older people and

5m high

DINING
housing for young people. The pro-
ject should increase density in the
CBD.
RC BEAM 700 X 300 X 300

Skills Sharing
I am convinced that this configura-
Bifold Doors

Flexible

tion offers an excellent opportunity

Excercise
Room Skills
Sharing
Area

RC BEAM 700 X 300 X 300

Room
for transfer of skills from one group
to another. Such as the youth ele-
Garden
ment helping the older people with
IT or the elderly sharing their skills
Flexible
Skills
Sharing

in dressmaking and cookery for in-

Area
Room

RC BEAM 700 X 300 X 300

stance.
Changing Changing
Room Room

My design includes a private gar-

High level windows
den for use by both groups, where
Allotments vegetables can be grown on a
communal allotment.
RC BEAM 700 X 300 X 300

Re-purposing Space
RC BEAM 700 X 300 X 300
The position of my building will
also create and define a new
public space in Croydon, and
RC BEAM 700 X 300 X 300 Office

Arts
and
Vertical louvres a route through the dead-
Crafts
Area space behind and including
underneath Southern House.
Talks
and
Classes

Louvre Louvre
Fencing Fencing
5m high 5m high

GROUND FLOOR FIRST FLOOR

Older People's Centre

Plans 1:200 @ A1

Young People's Housing and Elderly Day Centre

Louisa Mead

GA 1, 2, 3

GC 11.1

GC 10.2

GC 9.1, 9.2, 9,3

GC 7.1, 7.2

GC 8.1, 8.2, 8.3

GC 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

GC 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

Re-using the space behind the site and under Southern
House GC 5.1, 5.3

GC 6.3
 Kingston
University
No Award - BA
Architecture, not completed

Soil Pipe
Final Project:
Young Peoples
window at high level
FLAT
SEDUM
ROOF

Bifold
Interior
Housing and Older
Peoples Day
Shutters

Rainwater
Downpipe

TOP FLOOR
Centre
SECOND FLOOR Exterior
Glazed
Young People's
Floor Plans
Exterior Shutters
Glazed
Shutters Young People's Housing - wheelchair
Housing accessible flats
(Also floors 4, 6 8)
FLAT
SEDUM
ROOF

Mezzanine Floor of
Flats 1:100

Consulting Consulting
Room Room

IT Room

Office

Staff Kitchen
Talks
and
Classes

Louvre
Staff room Fencing
Louvre 5m high
Fencing
5m high

ROOF
SECOND FLOOR
Older People's Centre
Older People's Centre

Plans 1:200 @ A1

Young People's Housing and Older People's Centre

Louisa Mead

GA 1, 2, 3

GC 11.1

GC 10.2

GC 9.1, 9.2, 9,3

GC 7.1, 7.2

GC 8.1, 8.2, 8.3

GC 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

GC 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

GC 5.1, 5.3

GC 6.3
 Kingston
Detail A
1:20
1 in 12 Slope (watershed)
Falls West to East Detail B
Line of open Patio Shutter

Patio Shutter
Detail C
1:20
University
1:20
Sedum Plants
Growing Medium Drain underneath
patio, drains to
Green Roof System: Sky Garden GR
Green Roof Protection Board
rainwater
storage tank,
No Award - BA
Architecture, not completed
Wall Construction Hand/Guard Rail
for garden irrigation
250mm Concrete Type 5 Root Barrier, Root Guard (tm) 1m High Min.
120mm Thermal Insulation Irrigation Pipe
Waterproof Membrane
2mm Vapour Barrier 26mm
Flashing
30mm Counter Battens Insulation Polyurethane Foam (t=35) timber

Final Project:
26mmTounge and Groove Mastic
decking
boards fixed with Vapour Barrier Sealant
concealed screws

30

Young Peoples
A A
Housing and Older
Peoples Day
ROOF
Young People's
Housing
Lift Lift
maintenance maintenance

B B

Centre
Detail Sections and Site Plan
Lift
maintenance

Talks
and
Classes

ROOF
Older People's Centre
A A

Studwork Partitions: Construct using 75x50 C16/SC3

Detail D graded timber studs at 450mm ctrs. Head and cill
plates 2no. 75x50 C16/SC3. Provide half hour fire
Detail E Ground Bearing Floors: 120mm min. c.s. screed Detail F
Roof Construction
N

Site Plan 1:1250 1:20 resistance by lining room sides of studwork with 1:20 (reinforced with approved anti-crack mesh)
1:20
N

Sedum Plants
15mm plasterboard and 3mm plaster skim coat. poured over 120mm Celotex Tuff-R Zero GA3000Z
Site Plan 1:1250 190mm Growing Medium
50mm Green Roof System: Sky Garden GR Where plans indicated a requirement for one hour fire insulation slabs ( Alternative insulation: 100mm
resistance then line both sides of studwork with 2 layers Jabfloor Type 70 of 2 layers of 50mm Jabfloor Type
160mm Cellular Glass Insulation
of 15 mm plasterboard, ensuring that all joints between 70) installed in accordance with manufacturer's
2mm Vapour Barrier
layers are staggered,then finish in 3mm plaster skim coat. instructions onto 250mm min. thk 1:2:4 sulphate
250mm Concrete Type 5 power
Fill all voids in studwork with min. 25mm thick crown wool resisting concrete oversite poured over 1200g
floated, laid to falls
suspended between studs. All studwork partitions to have polythene damp proof membrane, laid over a
adequate support;Where studwork walls are to be raised layer sand blinding on well compacted and
Green Roof System directly off a concrete slab or beam and block floor clean hardcore bed (depth no to exceed 600mm).
Irrigation Pipe ensure that a flexible dpc is provided under cill plates. Cut insulation to suit depth of screed plus insulation
thickness and install as upstand to floor perimeter.
Floor Construction 1200g membrane to be turned up all perimeter
26mm Timber Floor boards Reinforcement Mesh walls behind finishes and lapped with horizontal
120mm concrete screed 40mm Acoustic and 75mm dpc in walls.
Heating pipes tied to mesh at a Thermal Insulation
depth of 25-40mm below the 2mm Vapour Barrier
Double Glazed surface for maximum efficiency 125mm 30N Concrete
Curtain Wall
Unit
Timber
Shutter

Detail B

Detail E
Detail D

Detail A

Detail C

GA 1, 2, 3
300mm concrete

Section A-A Detail F pile foundation

GC 11.1
1:100 @ A1 GC 10.2

Young People's Housing and Elderly Day Centre GC 9.1, 9.2, 9,3
Louisa Mead GC 7.1, 7.2

GC 8.1, 8.2, 8.3

GC 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

GC 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

GC 5.1, 5.3

GC 6.3
 Personal
Research
One Room
Apartments
Purpose built studio apartments
known as one rooms are very
Section A-A Section A-A
common in Korea. They are com-
pact spaces for single people, usu-
ally featuring wet room style bath-
rooms and underfloor heating.

Mezzanine sleeping platforms with

reduced head-height are a com-
mon element.

Many young people find that the

small space is perfectly adequate
Mezzanine Floor Plan 1:100 @ A1 Mezzanine Floor Plan 1:100 @ A1 for the needs of one person and it
is preferable to live in a small space
alone, rather than share a larger
property with others. They are eco-
nomic to heat and easy to keep
clean.

Having become accustomed to

this kind of accommodation it was
frustrating to find housing in other
countries where these studios are
unusual, such as China.
Main Floor Plan 1:100 @ A1 Main Floor Plan 1:100 @ A1
Whilst living abroad, I have record-
Housing for Young People project Version 1 Housing for Young People project Version 2 ed the living spaces of myself and
38.8m2 29.4m2 friends. The mean gross internal
floor area (calculated in accord-
ance with reference to the Techni-
cal Housing Standards Nationally
Described Space Standard 2015)
was 26.2m2.

This experience led me to revisit an

earlier project for single young per-
sons housing, to see if the one room
model could be applied to it.

The original apartment had a gross

internal floor area of 38.8m2 where-
as the resulting studio had 29.4m2.

It is noted that the recommended

minimum gross internal floor area
25m2
for a one bedroom, one storey, one
person dwelling in the UK is 37m2.
Floor Plan 1:100 @ A1 Floor Plan 1:100 @ A1 Floor Plan 1:100 @ A1 Floor Plan 1:100 @ A1 Floor Plan 1:100 @ A1
Purpose built apartment, China One Room, Korea One Room, Korea One Room, Korea One Room, Korea
32.5m2 27.3m 2
25.7m 2
19.5m 2
25m2
Reference:
https://www.gov.uk/government/
uploads/system/uploads/attach-
ment_data/file/524531/160519_Na-
tionally_Described_Space_Stand-
ard____Final_Web_version.pdf

GA 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

GC 1.2, 1.3

GC 2.1, 2.2, 2.3

GC 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

GC 5.1, 5.3

GC 7.1, 7.2
Main Floor Plan Mezzanine Floor Plan Main Floor Plan Mezzanine Floor Plan Main Floor Plan Mezzanine Floor Plan
1:100 @ A1 1:100 @ A1 1:100 @ A1 GC 10.1, 10.3
Purpose built apartment, China Converted apartment, China One Room, Korea
GC 11.1
28.6m2
19m 2 27.7m2
GC 6.3
 Kingston
University
No Award - BA
Architecture, not completed

Comparison Study
San Gimignano and Croydon Town
Centre
The drawings are part of an exper-
imentation in the way a drawing is
produced and and its relation to
Top Floor of Corinthian House, 1:20 @ A1 pencil on paper what it wants to express. The Corin-
thian House drawings were under-
taken first in AutoCAD and finished
in pencil, which suited the strong
clean lines of its design, whereas
use of pencils and drawing board
was more appropriate to the
church of Sant Agostino, built from
hand made bricks and featuring
decorative embellishments to its
facade.
Sant Agostino 1:250 @A3, Ink and pencil on paper

Corinthian House Axonometric 1:250 Plan of Croydon 1:2500

COMPARISON STUDY - CORINTHIAN HOUSE

Detail Sant Agostino, Ink and pencil on paper

Location map of Sant Agostino,

San Gimignano GA 2, 3

GC 2.1, 2.1, 2.3

GC 3.1

Right: Facade detail of GC 4.1, 4.2

Corinthian House, GC 5.3
Left: Campanile of Sant Agostino, 1:20 @ A1 Ink and Pencil on Paper
pencil on paper with Photoshop GC 7.1
 Kingston
University
No Award - BA
Architecture, not completed

Prints of Croydon
Printmaking
A continuation of the theme of un-
derstanding the city by means of
representing it.

Printmaking has many parallels with

building design.
Fundamentally the print is built up
in stages from the foundations and
framework to the decorative flour-
ishes. The process is creative in the
productive sense as well as the ex-
pressive.
On a prosaic level, the process de-
mands that the artist plans care-
fully the desired output from the
selection of the paper and printing
method to the order of tasks in-
volved in each stage.

George Square, Croydon

Screenprint

The stratified colours highlight the prevalent layered vertical and horizontal design of buildings in Croydon

Croydon Town Centre

Photo aquatint on paper

The different shades denote public, private and semi-private space within the town centre

GA 2

GC 2.1, 2.1, 2.3

Subway, Croydon GC 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
Soft ground aquatint on paper
GC 4.1, 4.2
The high rise buildings contrast sharply with the many underground spaces in Croydon GC 5.3
 Kingston
University
No Award - BA
Architecture, not completed

Various views of Keeling House
Aquatint prints
Tower - Typology
Study
Studying with care volume, facade,
articulation, proportion, material-
ity, colour, grain, texture, relation
to context, transparency, structure
and composition, contact with
the ground and massing using a
hands on approach to the process
of making, developing a volumetric
and material language.

Keeling House 1955

Denys Lasdun
Keeling house is relevant to my in-
terest in post-war social housing, as
it was part of an attempt to replace
the substandard, bomb damaged
accommodation in city centres
with decent homes.
Lasdun tried to preserve the positive
social aspects of the surrounding
victorian streets within the tower.
The apartments themselves were
two-storey maisonettes, the typical
shape of an east-end terrace.

The rhythm and layering of the fea-

Timber form for the plastic mould
tures on the facade echo the char-
acteristics of the rows of houses in
the surrounding streets, although
using modernist treatments. The
concrete elements lend themselves
naturally to the medium of casting
using plaster.

Process
In order to understand the organ-
isation, circulation and flow of the
BEDROOM

BEDROOM

building, I obtained CAD drawings

from the architects responsible for
the renovation of Keeling House in
1999.
From this I constructed timber forms
for all of the elements of the fa-
cade.
A plastic mould was then produced
by heat-forming plastic around the
timber forms.
Plaster model pieces, fresh from the mould The plaster was poured and set.
Finally all of the plaster pieces were
BEDROOM

BEDROOM

BEDROOM

BEDROOM

mounted on timber board.

entrance /
exit

GA 2

entrance /
GC 2.1, 2.1, 2.3
LIVING ROOM

exit

GC 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

GC 1.2, 1.3
LIVING ROOM
LIVING ROOM

GC 4.1, 4.2

0 5 10 15m GC 3.1
WALKWAY

0
N
5 10 15m GC 5.1, 5.3

WALK GC 7.1
AutoCAD drawings for model
N GC 9.1
 Work
Experience
Planning
Existing building line

Application
Proposed building line

Red Bricks to

property boundary

property boundary
match existing

Drawings
24

Work Experience
1 Lancaster Avenue
Applications for planning permission
made up a large proportion of my
Front Elevation 1:100 1 Lancaster Avenue
experience at work.
Rear Elevation 1:100 As well as preparing the drawings
Section A-A 1:100
and documents for submission to
the local authority, I performed site
surveys, obtained quotes and wrote
specifications for the construction
study work.
My local area in Hertfordshire and
living room

North London has numerous areas

wc

Existing building line

of green belt; listed buildings and

Proposed extension hall

Natural Slate Roof

conservation areas; which meant
living room empty negotiations with the local authority
and countless drawing alterations
Ground
Level at
Red Bricks to match existing
kitchen
in order to obtain satisfactory results
for clients.
front of
property

Existing Upper Terrace

VOID
Projects included new build and
West Elevation 1:100 Terrace commercial premises, however
living room
FFL
most of the work concerned con-
dining

A A A A
version, renovation and extension
of existing residential property.
An example of the numerous plan-
T e r r a c e
ning approvals applied for and ob-
tained is:
Existing building line

N
Proposed extension Velux

Natural slate L a i d t o L a w n Garden Room Extension

A garden room rear extension to a
Roof

property boundary
semi-detached Victorian mansion
property boundary

Red Bricks to
match existing
Basement in Hertfordshire. The property is in a
G F FFL
Floor conservation area, which necessi-
Plan tates the use of matching red bricks
1:100
and natural slate roof, but did not
Garden Wall

L a i d t o L a w n Terrace FFL Basem't FFL

Ground Floor Plan 1:100
compromise the design of the ex-
East Elevation 1:100 tension dramatically.

East Elevation 1:100 West Elevation 1:100

Ground
Level at
rear of
property
North (Front) Elevation 1:100

South (Rear) Elevation 1:100

mh

patio
GA 1, 2, 3, 5

utility

terrace
GC 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

storage

kitchen
527.5000

dining
GC 2.1, 2.2, 2.3

living room
empty
GC 4.2, 4.3

hall
wc

living room
GC 5.1, 5.2, 5.3

study
property boundary
GC1 2.1, 2.2

property boundary
Basement Level Plan 1:100 Ground Floor Plan 1:100

GC 4.2, 4.3

GC 5.1, 5.3

1134.0000
GC 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

shower
room
1243.4595
1322.0000

GC 7.1,7.2, 7.3

bedroom
bedroom

bedroom
store
GC 8.1, 8.2, 8.3

hall

hall
room
bath-
GC 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

store

bathroom
bedroom

bedroom
property boundary

property boundary
First Floor Plan 1:100 Second Floor Plan 1:100
GC 10.1, 10.2, 10.3

GC 11.1, 11.2, 11.3

 Work
internal fans internal fans internal fans C D
to duct to A to duct to to duct to internal fans NOTE:- No change to front C a m d e n H i g h S t r e e t
outside air outside air outside air to duct to
elevation proposed
outside air C D

Stub

Experience
Stack

261 259 257 255 253 251 249

Bath Bath Bath Bath 259 257 255 253 251
Bed 2
Bed 2 Bed 2 Bed 2 Bed 1
Shop
Building Control
Court Yard
Raised section,
boxed in
to accommodate
Bath
Shop Shop Shop Shop
1637

Applications
Bed 1
Camden High Street 2m head height
below
Existing Rear Elevation Bed 1 Bed 1 Bed 1
C

Bed 2
Work Experience
parapet
Existing Sectional Side Elevatiion wall

( thro' No 251) Court

existing RWP existing RWP
existing
110 SVP Yard Building regulation applications
A
were a priority in the practices I
SMOKE DETECTORS:
unused
Contractor is to ensure that a mains wired (with battery backup) existing
RWP C D
smoke detector is provided to the ground floor hall and first floor RWP

have worked in. In addition to

landing. Detectors to be ceiling mounted within 3m of all
Flat Roof unused
bedroom doors and within 7m of the ground floor doors to dining, on plan, denotes wall type described below
lounge and kitchen areas. All detectors should be interlinked.

Proposed Second Floor Plan 1:50 drawing the detailed drawings in

Office

shop
Camden High Street

basement
Existing brickwork to be
internally lined with 67.5mm
Kingspan Kooltherm K18
Independent sound testing to be
carried out at completion of
works and certificates provided
Office
accordance with the Approved
Court
Section A-A (existing)
insulated drylining board and
5mm skim to achieve a u value
by UKAS accredited or ANC
registered contractors.
A C D
Flat Documents, I priced materials and
Yard of 0.3W/m2K
Roof
assisted with inspections on site,
A
Flat Roof To include walls, floors, stairs
and SVPs etc.
D

Shop Shop Shop Shop A Proposed Ground Floor Plan 1:100 answered queries from contractors
Kitchen
Bath
and liaised with building control of-
Living
Shop
unused unused unused unused unused unused unused unused
Living Living Living Living ficers. I briefed Structural Engineers
and incorporated the resulting cal-
251 253 255 257 259 Living 253 255 257 259 Bedroom
253 255 257 259 Raised level
Class A or B Condensing boiler provided in flooring
accordance with SEDBUK requirements with the
condensate outlet to be taken to the fould drainage

culations into construction draw-

A
A system 6
C a m d e n H i g h S t r e e t
Existing First Floor Plan Existing Second Floor Plan Provide mechanical ventilation
ducted to outside air, see
ventilation note.
1
ings.
Existing Ground Floor Plan Kitchen Kitchen Kitchen Kitchen Kitchen When necessary I performed SAP
15
New
Seperating
wall
New sanitary units to
connect to existing
calculations using the dedicated
software to support our applica-
16 S&VP and drain to
existing manhole.
B B Existing drains to be
A
tions
checked and
confirmed by
exposure prior to
works commencing to

E D C B ensure proposed
Projects included new build and
18
internal fans internal fans internal fans to internal fans connections can be
to duct to to duct to duct to outside air to duct to Existing made
outside air SVP with outside air
rodding eye
Drainage
run Walkway outside air 110 SVP
FOUL WATER DRAINAGE
commercial premises, however
positioned TO EXISITNG DRAIN
SVP with

most of the work concerned con-

New steel walkway ( with balustrade ) at rear below
rodding eye
over existing ground floor roofs to new entrance
doors
walkway
A Double roof
joists to

on plan, denotes wall type

support new
roof timbers version, renovation and extension
of existing residential property.
25
described below

Proposed First Floor Plan 1:50 Court

C
Construction Detail Provide mechanical ventilation
Yard An example of one of the many
ducted to outside air, see

Building Regulation applications is:

ventilation note.
on plan, denotes wall type
described below D

FIRE STOPPING OF SOIL VENT PIPES AND

Conversion of Upper Floors to

SERVICES:
All pipes passing through floors are to be fitted with
'Quelfire' fire stop collars. All pipes to be wrapped in

Five Flats
25mm min Crown mineral wool and contained within
45x45mmm min timber carcassing. Boxing in to be
lined on room faces with 2 layers of 15mm Gyproc
LEAD DETAIL NOT TO SCALE plasterboard.

A row of five shops on Camden

High Street in North London func-
tioned only at ground floor level.
ROOF CONSTRUCTION UNCHANGED Construction Detail A The upper stories were derelict and
uninhabited. There were no stairs
Roof
110 SVP insulation to
run between
rafters to top

270 mm min mineral wool laid between existing joists

of wall
to access them.
NOTE:
DETAIL SHOWN IS FOR UPGRADING
EXISTING CONSTRUCTION IN
This project involved the reinstate-
ment of five dwelling spaces to
CONVERSION WORKS AND FOR NEW
BUILD' WORKS.
WHERE CONTRACTOR DOES NOT BOILER INSTALLATIONS:
WISH TO USE 'GYPGLASS' PRODUCTS
SPECIFIED, ALTERNATIVES MAY All boiler types to have a

the upper floors as well as provid-

USED AS FOLLOWS: SEDBUK rating of at least
25MM MIN. THK MINERAL WOOL OF 78% and installation details Timber trimmers
DENSITY 80 TO 100Kg/m3 MAY BE
2280 USED INSTEAD OF 25mm 'GYPGLASS to be agreed by building
control prior to installing.
to support 2280
ing a new common access route
6405' SLABS LAID OVER EXISTING
Walkway Balustrade FLOORBOARDS. staircase
minimum 1100 high 100MM UNFACED ROCK FIBRE LAID Horizontal rails to Engineer's
SVP BETWEEN JOISTS WITH DENSITY OF THERMOSTATIC VALVES: details
branch AT LEAST 10Kg/m3. New radiators to include secured to walls
New steel walkway ( with

to them . Individually the flats re-

running thermostatic valves. with circular C.I.
ALL OTHER VARIATIONS TO
balustrade ) at rear over existing
under CONSTRUCTION TO BE AGREED WITH
DETAIL OF EXISTING FLOOR TO brackets finished
L.A. BUILDING INSPECTOR PRIOR TO ground floor roofs to new entrance
walkway COMMENCING WORKS. SEPERATING FLOOR [1:20] in black paint.
doors. Installed to manufacturers

quired installation of new stairways,

FLOATING LAYER METHOD.
instructions. Area raised to
accommodate
stair bulkhead

25
24 Walkway Level 25
24
below

2565
plumbing and electrical wiring and
the building envelope had to be
6
Walkway 2000 New steel stairs from 1st floor level to new
Level
upgraded to meet thermal and
walkway level and existing Court Yard level
18 900 (nominal 170mm rise 250mm going 1200mm
landings). Installed to manufacturers instructions.
16 2000

acoustic standards.
15

Court Yard 2000

Level 900 Court Yard
Existing staircase
2000 Upgrade seperating floor
8
removed and to provide 1 hour fire
doorway bricked resistance as per
up to match Construction Detail A
existing
Common Entrance Stairway:
Camden
Risers 170mm, Goings 400 High Street
250mm

UNCHANGED

Section C-C 1:50 259

Compartment
walls to be of one
hour fire resisting
Section D-D 1:50
GA 1, 2, 3, 5
construction
Check exsiting roof for
adequate ventilation
carried up to the Means of Escape windows:
underside of
openings. At least
the roof (so there 750mm high x 450 wide clear opening
Junctions between 25000mm2 mer metre run of
Sloping ceiling insulation seperating eaves required to soffits and
are no and 1100mm max. above FFL
GC 1.1, 1.2, 1.3
floors and walls: Where the gaps between
between and under rafters 5000mm2 per metre run at
as described in main notes. joists are at right angles to flats)
high level required.
Maintaining 50mm air path the 259 257 255 253 251
261 249
along rafter legth. wall, spaces between the
floor joists should be sealed New dormer New sash windows in New SVP terminates

GC 2.1, 2.2, 2.3

with windows to be existing mansard roof 900mm min. above
full depth timber blocking lead clad with openings
and timber sash
the junction between the windows painted
ceiling white see

GC 4.2, 4.3
Ventilation at and wall should be sealed construction notes
least with tape or caulked with 'Exposed Dormer
equal to sealant. Walkway
Wall'.
continuous Balustrade
strip 10mm wide. minimum
750
GC 5.1, 5.2, 5.3
1100 high
ALL FIRST FLOOR
WINDOWS
TO BE 1 HOUR FIRE
RESISTANT
540

Indication of
Code 4 lead
flashing dressed
GC1 2.1, 2.2
window Indication of into wall
FLAT position entrance Walkway

GC 4.2, 4.3
door position

Court
New Section of roof,
Position posts to support Yard
Position of ground replacing exisiting glass

GC 5.1, 5.3
floor rear walkway, taken down to roof
extensions to party walls between
shops shops. PITCHED ROOF ''COLD'' CONSTRUCTION:
(To Structural Engineer's New section of roof formed to match pitch of existing glass roof (approx 30).Use 50x150 C16 rafters
details.) at 400mm max ctrs. Ceiling joists 50x150 C16 @400mm ctrs to be lapped with and nailed to rafters.

GC 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

Rafter feet to be secured to 100x75 double roof joists using s.s. truss clips or framing anchors.
Extent of rafters forming sloping ceiling are to be insulated using Kingspan Thermapitch insulation
boards (75mm thickness between rafters with 50mm thickness underlining to rafters). Ceiling finish in
12.5mm plaster board with painted plaster skim coat.

shop Proposed Rear Elevation 1:100 GC 7.1,7.2, 7.3

Section B-B 1:50
GC 8.1, 8.2, 8.3

basement GC 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

GC 10.1, 10.2, 10.3

Section A-A 1:50
GC 11.1, 11.2, 11.3
BSc
Architecture
Architectural
History Studies
Illustrations
A requirement of he Architectural
History unit of the degree, was to
research and illustrate architectural
styles from the periods we studied

Beautiful hand drafted lettering is a

goal which I still aspire to.

GA 2, 3

GC 9.2

GC 8.1, 8.3

GC 2.1, 2.2, 2.3

GC 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

GC 1.2, 1.3

GC 4.1, 4.2

GC 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

GC 5.2, 5.3

GC 7.1

GC 9.1
BSc
Architecture
Community Centre
Conversion Project
Community Centre Conversion
to Citizens Advice Bureau (CAB)

The brief for this second year design

project was to convert the main
hall space of an existing 1960s
community centre in Bedfordshire.

Method
I obtained the original drawings
from the local authority offices,
which were stored on microfiche.

As the drawing units were imperial,

I had to convert the measurements
to metric scale before entering
them onto AutoCAD (Release 12).

CAD drawings were used to ex-

plore different ways to divide the
space and also by making a physi-
cal model. The final drawings were
made by hand with Rotring pens,
then copied and coloured with
coloured pencils.

Section C-C at 1:20 includes col-

lage, using tin foil to denote glazing
and some printed paper to give
texture.

Design
The accommodation provided in
the new design included: a waiting
area; reception; meeting area; of-
fice and storage space; a library;
two semi private meeting spaces
and two private meeting spaces;
w.c.s.
The circular spaces were intended
to encourage a feeling of security
and warmth in the building users,
who may be feeling nervous or
traumatised by the issues that have
brought them to the CAB.

One of the cylinders reaches full

ceiling height to give total privacy,
while another leaves a void above
for a more open atmosphere.

The cylindrical rooms and reception

desk provide a division between
public and private space where
the staff have their office accom-
modation.

GA 1, 2, 4

GC 2.1, 2.3

GC 3.3

GC 1.1, 1.3

GC 4.2

GC 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

GC 5.1

GC 7.2, 7.3

GC 6.3
 BSc
Architecture
@ A1
@ A1
Final Project -
Community
Theatre
The brief for the final design project
was to design a community theatre
on a greenfield site in Bedfordshire.

Students visited similar projects

around London to research the
requirements, circulation, design,
practical considerations and vari-
ous forms of theatre design.

Adjacent to the site, a new com-

munity sports centre had recently
been completed, featuring sun-
shading louvres and exposed brick-
work to the exterior. The facade
treatment of the new building ech-
oes this.

The community theatre is a func-

tional design, and includes: seat-
ing for 153 theatregoers; dressing
rooms; office space; storage; set
storage; set workshop; a confer-
ence room; control room; manage-
ment offices; practice studio; cafe
area; reception area; wcs;
box office sales; green room and
bar.

GA 1, 2, 3

GC 11.1

GC 10.3

GC 8.1, 8.2, 8.3

GC 2.2, 2.3

GC 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

GC 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

GC 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

GC 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

GC 5.1, 5.3

GC 7.3

Location Plan 1:250 @ A1 Axonometric drawing showing interior of auditorium from backstage area GC 9.1, 9.2, 9.3
BSc
Architecture
Final Project -
Community
Theatre

GA 1, 2, 3

GC 11.1

GC 10.3

GC 8.1, 8.2, 8.3

GC 2.2, 2.3

GC 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

GC 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

GC 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

GC 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

GC 5.1, 5.3

GC 7.3

GC 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

BSc
Architecture
Final Project -
Community
Theatre

GA 1, 2, 3

GC 11.1

GC 10.3

GC 8.1, 8.2, 8.3

GC 2.2, 2.3

GC 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

GC 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

GC 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

GC 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

GC 5.1, 5.3

GC 7.3

GC 9.1, 9.2, 9.3