Supreme Court Cases Chief Justice John Marshall

Marbury v. Madison

1803

***See notes on Presidents Adams and Jefferson established the power of Judicial
Review

McCulloch v. Maryland

1819

Maryland wanted to tax the _____________________ bank and ________________ it from

their state

Decision: states cannot tax an _________________________ of the national government

Significance: federal law ____________________________ over state law

Gibbons v. Ogden

1824

Issue: Steamboat operators on ____________________ River (NY and NJ)

Decision: NY has no ______________________________ of waters connecting states

o

Only federal government can regulate _________________________ trade

Significance: reinforced Congress power over _____________________.

Worcester v. Georgia

1832

Issue: Cherokee Nation __________________ Georgias anti-Cherokee laws before the U.S.
Supreme Court

Decision: Cherokee people and land recognized as a ________________ nation with

defined _____________
o

states have no legal _______________________ to make laws or treaties related to

other nations

Presidential Response: Jackson ___________________ the Supreme Court ruling

Significance: Example of president ignoring ____________________ and

_________________________

Industrial Revolution Free Enterprise and Innovation

Free Enterprise

An economic system in which ___________________ are left to individuals (aka capitalism,

free market)

Characteristics of Free Enterprise system

Choice right to choose _____________ and profession

Private Property government cannot control property _________________________

Competition drives down prices; producers must make _____________________and

cheaper products

Profit Motive no __________________ on what you can make; producers want to

maximize profits

Supply and Demand availability and desire of _________________________

Limited govt involvement governments only role is to protect _________________ and

maintain peace

Entrepreneurship people risking their capital for opportunity of

________________________ gain

Development of Free Enterprise

Colonial Era: businessmen and manufacturers enjoyed _______________________ freedom

and prospered

Early Republic Era

o

Transportation systems government invests in ___________________ and

__________________

Tariffs protective tariffs support growth of American _________________________

(mainly North)

Banking promoted ________________________________ commerce

Industrialization investment in manufacturing leads to increase of factories and

employment

Territorial Expansion government opens new lands for in the ______________ and
sells it cheaply

Limited Regulation few __________________ on new industries (good and bad!)

Causes of Industrialization

War of 1812 British _______________________ created a shortage of manufactured goods

Abundant Resources plentiful ______________________ of lumber, farmland, rivers, etc.

Transportation Improvements canals, roads, control of Mississippi River, reduced cost

of shipping

Growing Population abundance of ________________________ and more demand for

goods

Innovations and Improvements

Impact of Industrial
Revolution

Supreme Court Cases Chief Justice John Marshall

National Road

Cotton Gin

Factory System

Erie Canal

Farm Tools (reaper, steel

plow)

Women in the workforce

Steamboat
Trains/Railroads
Telegraph and Morse
Code

Power Loom
Steam Engine
Bessemer Steel Process

Urbanization
Agriculture
Prices
Environment

Interchangeable Parts

Economic Differences by Region

North

South

West

Caus
e

industrialization led to new

jobs in cities

physical geography ideal

for agrarian economy

cheap land and

abundant natural
resources

Effec
t

urbanization and growth of

cities

agriculture; expansion of
slavery; limited
industrialization

mining, ranching,
farming