The Everyday

Pocket Handbook
for Arc Welding Steel
a series

Compiledas a usefultool
for on-the-jobwelding
personnelby an AWS
PresidentialTask GrouP

@ 1994by AmericanWelding Society.A[ rightr rcserved

PrintEdin the UnitEdSrstesof America

r|FIilEfrffi
NOTD: Although carE wa$ lrken in choosing and presenting the drta in this guide, AwS carmot gu&&nreethat it is
enor frEe.Further, tlfs guide is not intnded to b an e raustivetafrnent of the topic ald theFfore may not include ell
available information, incftding wift rcspect to safety and heaith issuea.By publishing lhi$ grdde, AWS doesnot in$ne
anyorc using the infc,nnation it contains against any liability or indury to ploperty or pe$ons arising ftom Om use.
2
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Tableof Contents
Basic

Safety hecautions
CarbonArc GougingElectrodes.......................
t5
Electsodest
Classification,
Size,Amps,
DepositionRarefor Mild Steelfor CMAW...........16
DepositionRate
Recommended
CopperCableSizes........................
l7
Classification
Systemfor CarbonSteel
Guideto ElectrodeConditioningandStorage........
1g
Elecfiodes
for SMAW....................................6
WeldingPositions- Filler (plate).........................
t9
SMAW E6010Etecfodes....
7
WeldingPositions- Groove(plate).....................
'7
SMAW E60tI EIecrrodes....................................7
20
Welding Positions- pipe
SMAW E6012Electrodes
SMAW E60I3 Elecnodes
Thicknessand Weight of SteelplatesSMAW E7018Elecuodes
U32to 2 inch...................
23
SMAWE7024Elecrrodes....................................9
How to UseWeldFillercage.....................
..........
.
25
ClassificationSyslemfor Solid and ComDosrE
PipeSizeandWall Thicknesses.............................
26
CarbonSteelElectrodes
for GMAW.-.........l0
Tests
to Identit,rhMater.ial.....................,............
27
GMAW ER7oS-XShortArc Elecrodes._.........11
Schedulefor Oxyfuel Cutting
CMAW ER70S-XSprayArc Elecnodes...........
II
usingNanual Gas
GMAW E7oC-XXMeratCoredEtecEodes......l2
29
usmgAcetyleneGas
ClassificationSysieil for CarbonSteel
30
usingPropyleneGas
Elecuodes
for FCAW...................................
31
13
FCAW ETXT-X Gas-shielded
BasicWeldingSymbolsandTheirLocarion..........32
Electrodes........l4
FCAWSelf-Shielded
Elecrrodes.......................
r4
I-ocationof Elementsof a WeldingSymbol........
...34

BasicSafetyPrecautions
Burn Protection. Molten metal, sparks, slag,
and hot work surfaces are produced by welding,
cutting, and allied processes.These can cause
bums if precautionary measures are not used.
Workers should wear protective clothing made
of fire-res istant material. pant cuffs, open pockets, or other places on clothing that can catch
and retain molten metal or sparks should not be
wom. High-top shoesor lealherlegging( and
Irre-resistant
gloves shouldbe wom. pant lees
should be wom over rhe oulside of hieh+op
\hoes.Helmersor handshieldsLharprovideprotection for the face, neck, and ears, and a head
covedng to protect the head should be used. In
addition, approp ate eye protection should be
useo.

Fumes and Gases. Many welding, cutting,

and allied processes produce furnes and gases
which may be harrnJulro bealth. Avoid breathing the air in the fume plume dircctly above rhe
arc. Do not weld in a confined area without a
ventilation system. Use point-of-welding fume
removal when welding gal\anjTedsteel.zinc,
lead, cadmium, chromium, manganese, brass, or
brcnze. Do not weld on piping or containers
that have held hazardous materials unless the
containers have been inerted properly.

8#,if::

t*..-"tds

Electrical Hazards. Electuic shock can kill.

However, it can be avoided.Live electdcalpafts
should not be touched. The manufacturer,s
instructions and recorwended sale practices
should be read and undersrood.Faulry inslalla_
tlonr rmproper grcunding, and inconect operation and maintenanceof eleclricalequipmenl
are all sourcesof danger.
All electrical equipment and the workpiece
should be gounded. The wo*piece lead is
not a ground lead. It is used only to complete
the welding circuit. A sepamte conlection is
requlred to ground the workpiece. The workpiece should lrot be mistaken for a ground
connection.

"i'r

oi""i* E""irr;d"; ;"p ;,

";

cylirders when not in use. Make sule that gas

cylinders are chained to a wall or other sructural support.

Fadiation. Arc welding may produce ultraviolet, inirared, or light radiation. Always wear
protective clothing and eye protection to pro_
tect the skin and eyes from mdiation. Shield
othe$ from lighr radiation from youl welding
operation.

a personalcopvof "Arc weldingsafely"and"Firesafetyin weldingand

GlassificationSystemfor GarbonSteel Electrodesfor SMAW

- .]:y"9. ftis desisnaror
may bederered
hom theproducrrmprinrrcqurredfor
T',c:i5f
loenurcarronot theelectrode_
Designatesrhetensile strngth(miniinum), in ksi, of the weld nerat whe, poduced
in accord_
ancewith the tesr assemblyprepantion plocedue of this specificarion_
Desjgnate,rheweldingposirionin $hich etecEodes
areusabte.tle rypeof coterins.anddle
lind of weldinscu-nenr
for sbich rheetectrode(aresuirabte.

EXXYY-THZR
Optionrl

Supplenntrl

Dssignators:

DesiSn-areslhfl

Ine elemode meeh $e requrremenrs of rhe ab,oroed moiirG

lesr ran
re\t lor a to$ b).lrogen etecEode( except fie f70t8M ctrssificadon,
loplonai,supprementdt
rorwnrcn
tne test 6 rcouftd)
Designare( drzl tie elecEode meers rhe requiremenls of de diflisibte
hydoqen tesl ran
opronar rupptemenlat re<l ot lhe wetd meLat fiom los oydrogen electrodes,
as:rc{eived or
conditioned - with an average value nor xceeding .2,; ^L-of
H, p", rOOi
metal, where'z" is 4.8. or 16).
"ia"p""r,J
Designates rhar thr decftde (E7016, E7Ot8, or E7024) neers the
requnements for inploved
toughness - ,nd ducriiity in the case of 87024_

SMAWEleclrodes

SMAWElectrodes

E6010

E6011

Dlameter(tn,)

Amps

Dep.Ratel

Diameter(in.)

Amps

o6p. Ratel

3/32

50

0.8

3/32

50

0.8

70

t.2

100

2.1

i/8

70

1.2

1/8

110

2.O

5/32

140

3.5

175

4.0

170

4.0

190

4.2

130
5/32

1',70
3/16

782

130

144

2.9

160

3.3

190

3.5

190

4.5

230

5.1

r..Depsiliomre in lbs/b ba\edon l0o% e time.May vary s irhin

:,vr. rDeen'crency.wi-h a 2 \rub tos,.a app_o(halet)60a

3t16

7/32

i75

220

5.1

1 Deposition nte in tbs/br baed on 100%e time. May vdy w,thn

alo%. The efficiency, with a 2,, snlb lo$, h apprcximaiely 60%.

SMAWElectrocle6

SMAWElectrodeg

E6012
Dlameter(ln.)

Amps

t/8

100

5/32

E6013
Dep.naler

Di6meter(in.)

130

2.9

165

3.2

1/8

4.O

5t32

275

4.8

3/16

320

5.6

320

5.6

180

7.1

224
244

7t32

1/4

Dep.Raiel

60

0.9
1.2

200
3t16

Amps

100
135

3.0

140

2_6

180

7t3)

1 Deposition 6te in lbsAr brsed on 100%dc 1ine. May vary within

i10%, The eiTiciency,witl a 2 6tub to$, h approxinarely 60%.

180

3.2

220

4.r

250

5.3

290

6.1

1. Dposnionrale id lbs4r basedon l |]O4]N 1ime.May vart wirhin

a10%. Ihe efficiencr. with a 2' stub los, is approxina;ry 60%.

Diameter(ln.)
3t32

l/8

5/32

3n6

SMAWElectrodeg

SMAWEleclrodes

E7018

E7024

Amps

oep. Falel

Diameter(in.)

Amps

Dep.Rall

70

1.4

l/8

140

4.2

110

l_1

120

2.6

160

3.0

150

3.1

z(fr

4.3

200

4.9

180
5/12

3/16
' 32

2',75

'7t32

250

6.5

340
l. Deposilim rute in lbs/bi bed o! 100% N time. May vary wibin
!10%. Tle etricjency, eith a 2" stub los, is approxirotely 60%.

180

240

!4

5.3
'7.2

245

7.5

290

9.1

320

9.4

360

11.6

400

12.6

1 Deposition 6te in lbvhr basedon i00% N tine. Mry val wiurin

i10%. The efficien y, wilh a 2 stub los, h ap!rcxinately 60%

Systemfor Solidand Gomposite

Ctassification
CarbonSteel Electrodesfor GMAW
Indicatesuseas either an elertrode or rod (ER), or use only as an elecrode (E).
Indicates,in 1,000psi (6.9 MPa) increnents, the rninimum tensile strengthof the weld metal
Foduced by the ele.tode when tested according to this specification. ln this case' 70 indicates70,000psi.
Indicateswhetherthe fiIer netal is solid (S) or conposite (C)

E R T O S
E

7 0 C

(for solid wne)

X Y

Indicates the type of shietding gas used for classification of composite electrodes.Carbon
dioxide shielding is indicatedby "c'' and 75-80% tu/balance CO2is indicatedbv "M'.
Indicales the chernical conposition of a solid electode or the chemical composition of the
rveld metal producedby a conposite electtode.The use of lhe "GS" sutrix dsignaEsnller
metals intendedfor single-pa5sapPlicationsonly.

10

GMAWElectrod.s

GMAWElectrodes

EF7oS-XSpralt Arc

ER70$X ShortArc
Dlameter
(inJ

Amps

.030

'to
130

.035
.045

80

Ralel

Dlameter
(lnJ

l5

t.2

.030

2l

2,r

Volts

16

190

22

100

\'7

225

22

Dep.

Amps

2.1

.045

2.',|
8.0

ut6

1. Deposition 6i. in lbs/br baed on 10096at tinc Mav vev tithin

r10%. Deposinon cfficiclcy is 6sMed to be 94%-

3/32

Dep.
Relel

150
28

6.8

t15

6.1

290

28

12.0

200

24

315

30

t2.5

275

24

8.7

500

32

18.0

350

29

10.0

600

33

20.0

200
.035

Volts

1 Dlosidon 6te in lbs&r bas.d otr 100% @ rift M.y vdy wirhin
.10%. Deposinon .fficiency is 4sDmd 10b. 9E%.
ll

E7oC-XXGMAWElectrodes
Metalcored75%Arl25%CO"Shlelded
Dep.
Dlameter
Amps
Volts
(in.)
Rater
150
25
.035
29
250
9.4
250
28
.045
8.0
32
300
11.6
215
8.0
.o52
30
10.1
325
30
r/16
300
8.6
34
450
t6.2
27
350
11.6
5t64
29
500
20.4
400
31
11.5
3t32
32
21.0
550
l Deposidon Fte itr lbs/hr basedon 100%@ 1ime.May vdy withir
:10%, Deposilionefficiencyis assMd to be 92%.
12

Classificataon
Systemfor CarbonSteelElectrodesfor FCAW
Designabesan elecEode.
This designatoris either 6 or 7. It indicatesthe mininum tensile snengfi (in psi x 10,000) of the
weld metal when the weld is nade in the mannerprescribedby this specification.
This designatoris eitlpr 0 or 1. Ii indicates fte posirions of welding for which the electrode is
idended. (0 is for flat andhorizontal position only. I is for aI posilions.)
This desigDatorindicatesthal the electode is a flux coredelectrode.
This designatoris somenumberftom I throush 14 or the letter ..c" with or withour an ,.S',foltow
ing. The nurnberrcfels to the usabiliry of the electrode.The .,G'. indicaresthat rhe exremalshielding. polarity, andimpact propeniesare not specified.The ,.S,'indicaresrhai the electrodeis suirable
for a weld consistingof a single pass.Such an elecFodeis not suitabiefor a nulrj-pass weld.
An "M" designatorin tnis position indicatesthar the electrodeis classified usins 1s-BO% arconl
balanceCO) (lueldinggas.when he M designato'doesnomppear.n (igoif;s har eifte;de
shielding gasusedfor classification is CO, or tha! tlle producr is a ser-shielded Foducr.

EXXT-XMJIIz

Optional Supplemntsl Deelglr'ton

Dsignatesthat the electrodemeetsthe requirementsof tne diffusible hydrogen lest (an oprional
supplenental test of the weld metal with an averagevalue nor exceeding..2' n[ of Hz pef l00g of
deposiledmetal where "2" is 4, 8, or 16).
ment of 20 ftlbr at -40'F (27J at -40'C)- Absenceof the "J" indicaiesnormal impacrrquiremenb.

t3

FCAWElectrodes
ETXT-XGas-Shielded
Amp
wFs Volls
(DCEP)
(ipm)

Olam.
(in.)
.045

200
600

28

150
600

25
37
2',1
39
26

.052
\^6

150
500

FCAWElectrodes
Self-Shielded

150
320

12]

155
430

l'l.6

190
500

20.r

l12
258

3t32

124
2',t8

30

350
550

6.4
14.8
9.6
21.3

140
190

30
36
32
38

550
700

t'7.l
23.O

600
850

t6.2
24.2

'7
/64

l/8

111
194

wFs

Volts

140

15
18

225

1',l
l9

275

(ipm)

.068

6.1

5t64

250
450

Diam.
(ln)
E71Tn!
.045

Dep
Raler

E70T-4
3t32

.tzo
E70l-7
3t32

'7t64

Dp.
Ratel

Amp
(DCEN)

56

165
263

30

101

33
135
26

t2D
1',75

2',7
29
29
31

0.9
2.6

2.r
5.2

r60
(DCEP)
354
400
450
550

(DCEN)
325
400
400
490

13.8
16.1
13.0

8.8
t2.6
11.5
15.8

1. Deposilion Fte in lb$/h! basedon 100% dc tine. Mav vary vnhin

dc timeMavvarvwilhin
on1OO%
in lbs/hbased
1.Depositionrale

lr"r#**"^'^*-*74

CarbonArc GougingElectrodes
suggesledcurenl Bangestor lhe Commonlyused CAc-A ElectrodeTypesand Diameters
AC Electrodewith AC,A
DC Electrode',vllhDCEBA
ElectrodeDiameter
ln,

mm

mrn

max

mtn

max

5t32

4.O

90

150

3t16

4.8

150

200

150

200

u4

200

400

200

300

5l16

250

450

3t8

9.5

350

600

300

s00

u2

t).1

600

1000

400

600

5/8

15.9

800

1200

3t4

19.1

1200

1600

1800

2)00

25.4

:??F

DeDosltlonRatefor Mlld Steeltor GMAW

RATE
ANDDEPOS]TION
PLOTOFWIREFEEDSPEED

e
E
a
@
J

FH

E;
F6

=<
E.E

8
H
ctt

Hal=
t5
5@

400

3@

600

7m

WIRE FEEO SPEEO IN INCHES,MINUTE

16

RecommndedCoPPerCableSizea
CabloSlzeEfor ComblnedLengthsot Electrodeand WorkCables
Amperea

Percent
Dutycfcle

0 to 50 ft.

100

20

150

40

225

20

250

40

3m

60

7to

IID

1/0

ao

350

60

U0

uo

u0

ao

400

60

2n

ao

u0

3to

5m

60

uo

2.D

3to

3to

100to 150ft.

150to 200ft,

50 to lmft.

_+t_

and
Guideto Elestrode
ReconditlonlngTemperature
and Time
Holding
AWS
Air CondlllonedStorage
to Aflctweld ouality
Temperatur
Eleclrode
BeloreOpenlng
Classlflcatlon FH = RelaliveHumidlty Atter Opening RecondlllonSleD#1
RebakoStep*2
Not Requhed
NEVER STORE
A B O V E1 3 0 ' O R
BELOW 50% RH

KeepDry @Room
EXX10,EXX11,
EXXl2,EXX13
EXX2O,DO{30
EXXr4,EXX24,
EXXZT
Low Hydrogen
EXXl8, EXX28
Low Hy&ogen
EXX15,EXXl6
Low HydrogenHigh Tensile
DOO(15, EXXXl6,
E)C(xl8

40'-120'F
6oEo(!10%) RH
90'F(+20')
50%Max.RH

90'F(120')
50%Max.RH

90'F(*20)
50%Max.Rt{

100'F(+25')

250'-3m'F
ONEHOUR

I50'-200"F

Not Required

ONE HOUR

TWO HOI,R TOTAL

500.-600"F
ONEHOUR

700'F(+s0)
ONE.HALFHOUR

300"F(+s01
ONE & ONE-HALF HOUR TOTAL

s00.-600"F
ONEHOUR

300'F(r50")

650"F(r50)
ONE-HALFHOUR

ONE & ONE-HALF HOUR TOTAL

18

WeldingPositions- Flllet(plate)

WELOAXIS
HOFIZONTAL

WELDAXIS
HORIZONTAL
2F (HORTZONTAL)

WELDAXIS
HORIZONTAL-

4F (OVERHEAD)

I
l9

t
I
\

WeldingPositions- Groove(plate)
PLATESHOBIZONIAL

3G

PLATES
VERTICAL

PLATESVERTICAL

PLATESHORIZONTAL

20

WeldingPositiona- Plpe

,-<.-<-\(----=!
1n\
I
-pW*-

5
). 1-*.

prpEHoRrzo^nAL,
RorArED.
WELD
FLAr(+1s.).
DEpostr
FILLER
MErAL
AroRNEAR
rHEroP

1G NOTATED

PIPEOR TUBEVERTICAL;NOT
ROTATED
DURINGWELDING.
(r15'1.
WELDHORIZONTAL

*'

- PiPe(contd)
WeldlngPositions

sGA-T--\+-

-@=N:='

rN-5=

+tl U _i

(rls')i Nor RorArED

PIPEoR ruBEHoRlzoNrAL
\L----*---OVERHEAD.
VEBTICAL,
WELDFLAT,
WELDING,
DURING

6GB;T, K,Y CoNNECTION

RING
BESTRICTION
TESTWELD
FIXED
PIPEINCLINED
(45'r5'); NOTROTATED
DUBINGWELDING.

22

'll32-'l Inch
Thicknessand Weightof SteelPlatesr
Ga!ge

22
16

13
ll

,7
5

Fractlon Decimal
0.031
!32
0.063
l^6
0.094
3t32
0.125
1/8
0.156
5t32
0.188
3l16
o.219
1t32
0.250
lt4
0.281
9t32
0.313
5/16
o_344
t!32
0.375
3t8
0.406
13t32
'7t16
0.438
o.469
15t32
0.500
u2

mm
oJ94

tb,tfi,
Ln5

Gauge Fractlon oeclmal

0.531
t7t32

mm

tbfit2

t3.494
14.287

21.675

26.',1',15

1.588

2.550

9l16

0.563

2.381

3.825
5.100

19t32

0.594

5t8

0.625

22.950
r5.081 24.225
1 5 . 8 7 5 25.500

6.3',75
'7.650

21t32

0.656

16.669

tu16

t'7.463

8.925

23t32
3t4
25t32
t3^6
2',7132

0.688
o.719
0.750
0.781
0.813

19.844

31.875

20.638

33.150

0.844
0.875

2t.431

34.425

22.225
23.Ot9
23.813
24.606
25.400

35.700

3.175
3.969
4.763
5.556

10.200
'7.t44
lr.4'75
'7.937 r2.750
8.731 r4.oz5
9.525 15.300
1 0 . 3 1 9 t6.515
6.350

11.112

17.850

1r.906 79.125
12.700 24.4ffi

7t8

29t32
15t16

3y32
I

0.906
0.938
0.969
1.000

28.050
29.325
19.050 30.600

18.256

36.9',t5

38.250
39.525
40.800

*:

Thlcknessand Welghiof SteelPlates:l-2 inch

Fraction
t-l132
l l/16

1-3/32
r 1/8
1-5t32
'1-3/t6
I-',7132

Dcimal
1.031
1.063
1094

mm

tb/ft,

mm

1.531

18.894

62.4',75

43.350
44.625
45.900
4',1.r75

r,9/16
t-19u2

1.563

39.688

63.750

1.594

40481

65025

1,5/8

1.625

41.275

66.300

1-21/32

t.656

67.575

48.450

1-11/16

1 . 6 8 8'

49.725

t_719

42.069
42.863
43.656

26.988

2?J8r
28.5',75

1.156

29.369
30.163
30.9s6
31.750

t.2t9
1.250

Declmal

42_O',75

1.125
1.188

Fraction
t-17/32

26.\94

51.000

1-23t32
1-3t4

1.750

44.450

32.544

52.275

1-25/32

1.781

45.244

1-5^6

1.281
1_313

33.338

53.550

L813

46.038

l,-U4
l-9/32

tb/ft,

68.850

70.t25
71.400
72.675

r-tt/32

1.344

34.131

54.825

r-13/16
t-27/32

t.844

46.831

'73.950
'75.225

1,3/8

1.375

)4_925

56.100

1-',7/8

1.875

47.625

76.500

1-t3t32

1.406

35.',719

57.375

l-29132

1.906

1-1/16

1.438

16.513

t-15/16

t-15/32
t-1/2

t.469

t7.306
38.100

58.6s0
59.925
61.2W

1.938
t.969
2.000

48.419
49.213

1.500

1-3t/32
2

50.006
50.800

79.050
80.325
81.600

24

Howto UseWeld FllletGage

PLACEMEI.IT
BECERTAIN
BLADE
EDGEIS SQUABE
WITHWELDEDPARTS,

CONVEXWELDS

CONCAVE
WELDS

FORCONVEXWELDS:USEELADEW|THSTNGLE
ARCAT
APPROPRIATE
SIZE.FOBCONCAVE
WELDS:USEBLADE
WITHDOUBLE
ARCATAPPROPRIATE
SIZE.

25

10and83619)
Commercial Pipe Sizes and Wall Thicknesses (asA-836
NominalWallThicknegsesin inchesfor
xx
S c h e d . Sched.
Stan- sched.
xs3 Sched.
160
Strong
40
80
120
datd2
0.095
a.a68 0.068 4.495
4.488 0.088 4 . 1 1 9 0.119
0.091 0.126 0.126
a.a9I
0.188
0.294
o.t4'l
0.109 0.109 0.t47
o.2t9
0.306
0.154
0 . 1 1 3 0 . 1 1 3 0.154
0.250 0.358
0.179
0.133 0.133 0 . 1 7 9
o.250 0.382
0.191
1.660 0.065 0.109 0.110 0.140 0 . 1 9 1
0.28r 0.400
0.200
1.900 0.065 0.109 0.145 0.145 4.240
0.344 0.436
0.154
4.218
0.218
2.3',t5 0.065 0.109 4 . 1 5 4
o.375 0.552
0.203
4.276
a.276
2.875 0.083 0.120 4.243
0.438 0.600
0.304
0.300
3.5
0.083 0.120 0.216 o.2t6
o.226
0.318 0.318
4.0
0.083 0.120 0.226
0.083 0.120 0.237 0.231 0.337 0.337 0.438 0.531 o.674
0.109 0.134 0.258 0.258 0.375 0.375 0.500 0.625 0.750
0.719
0-864
0.432 0.562
6.625
0.109 0.134 0.284 0.280 a.$2

Nominal
Outslde
Plpe
Diam. Sched. Sched.
Slze
1osr
5s'
0.049
1/8
0.405
0.065
1/4
0.540
0.06s
3t8
0.675
lt2
0.840
0.065 0.083
3t4
1.050 0.06s 0.083
I
1.315 0.06s 0.109

t-1t4
r-1t2
2
3
3-lt2
5
6

NOTES:
L Schedules
5sdd 1Ose availabteh cotusionresislantnareriak md Schdule10sn ako availablein ctrbon stelin sizes12 in. andsnaller.
2. Thickns*s shown in rralrr re aho arailable in stainlesssreel,under the designaiion Schedule40s
3. Thic*nessesshown in ,alrr de aho available in stainle$ sreel,under the designalion Schedlle 80s
26

Materlalldentltication
Low Carbon Sieel

Appeatunceresl

A
(Fa

Md. Carbon Slel

Hlqhcarbon slsl

Hlqh Sulph|lr Stel

Ddk Grey

Ddk Grey

Dark Giey

Slrongly MaStretic

Strongly Magnelic

Htrd to Chip

Snoolh Edges
Chips Easily

uapnencrest

Strongly Maglelic

StrongLy Magnetic

f>-

,o*rr*,

Conlinuous Chip
Smooih Edges
Chips Easily

SnoorhEdges
ChipsEasily

aE

F,.",,"r",,

\=r<

@.,-"r*,

Bright Gley
Fine Grair

Bright Grcy

Very Light Ctry

Very Lieht Grey

Becones BriSht
Red Before Melting

Becomes Bright
Red Before Meltins

Becomes BriSlt
Red Before Meltins

Becomes Brighr
Red Befde Melting

Yellov Lin6 Spliss vdy

Yllow Li.s Bnent Bu$

Vay Cled Nmerous Srd

*"it!":ffi*'*

Oofa,--..",.tzZ=:

tlor b6r r$uts, lse at l6t 5,000

surf&e fet pd ninute on slinding
(ch

!-8 P'M') =

sF p*Mii

21

Material ldentif iqalion (cont d)

Stalnlss Slel

Appeatancerest

G-

,**'rr*'

fg

,,^,,^'

Q$

o-"*,,^'

ff

n*r*,

Bright

Dull

Dull Grey

Ligh! Grey

Sdd Mold
Slrotrgly Magnetic
Extrenely Hdd
ro chisel

Snoolh Brielt Color

Bright

SmallChipsAboDt
1/8 in., Not Easyto
Chip,Blittle
Brittle

Stiongly Magnelic

SnooL! Edges, Soft &

Easily Cut & Chippd
Brighl Grey

Melts Slowly
Becomes Brighl
Red Before Melting

BecomesBright

rcl\'.'

Becones Bright

rFor bst 6ults, us at losl 5,000

sufre feet per ninnte on grinding
/cn ARPM) : ^._
ir etrlm
l----l-r

Veadim-LongSpw-

-a/_

*H:[:i,:g,l:?"

28

Guidefor ManualOxyfuelGas CuttingUsing NaturalGas

PlateThickness Diamelerof Culting
(in.)
orlllcel(ln.)
y8
0.04r
0.04
1t2

059

3t4

.059
.059

t-u2

r.067
0.01

2-

6
7
8
IO

t2

0.093
,-093
0.1t0
0.11
110
110

NomlnalOrygen MlnlmumNaturalGas
Pressurc(psi)
Pressure(psi)
30-40
3-.6
3H0
3-6
30-40
30-40
-40
3-6
40
-50
3-6
40-50
3-6
40 50
39
40-55
3-9
40-5:
10
5
-60
10
50-70
50-7
50-7

dy be ca6ed by mill scale on Plare. vdiarion in oxvsen Puitv' ame 'djusinem

i. vi.,ii,""i
iii"i,i"e
,p**
r m o u u e sI n s t e e l , t r d\ r i a r i o n i n h e a cl o n l e no' l n r t m l g a r
'rlro.dnllororilicedimeleria"illva$iLhedhLiDaccodinglornmLtetur*q)Peormrcn

CuttlngSpeed'?
(ln./min)

2o z8
18,28
l6-t

t3 l'7
10-15

9-13
'l-lz

610
6-9

5-8

-3
condiriod of equipment'

Guidefor ManualOxytuelGas Cutilng UsingAcetylene

Materlal
Thickness
(in)
1/8
1t4

3/8
1/2
3t4
l-t/2
2

Culting Orlflce
Dlameter(in.)
(centerhole)

DrlllSlze

0.040
0.040
0.052
0.052
0.052
0.060
0.060
0.073
0.073
0.073
0.082
0.082
0.082

60
60
55

55
55

53
53
49
49

49

5
6

Approxlmate
Pressureot Gas(psi)
Acetylene
Orygen
3
10
3
15
3
20
3
25
3f
35
40

Manual
lravel Speed
(ln,/min.)
20 22
16-18
l,t-16
12-14

10-12
8-11

45
5

50

55

60
70

5-6

3+
l

1, Ti!, drill or onfice diameler size will vdy with eeh tip according to nanufrctuer's specification.

30

Guidetor ManualOxyfuelGas CuttingUsing Propylene

PlateThlckness
(in.)
1/8

3n6

Tlp Slze
0000

3,7

It4

3/8
U2
3t4

Fuel Gas
Pressure(psl)

0
0

5-10
5 1 0
5-

5 1 0
5-10

2-u2
3

5-10

6
10

5
6
7

t2
I4

15

10

16
l8

l2

15
10-15
10-15
10-15
10-15
10-15

10-15

L Tip, diill or orifi.e dianeler size will vary with etuh dp addding 10manufa.lud

31

cuting oryggn
Pressure(psl)
30-50
30 50
30-50
30 50
30-50
40-50
40 50
40 50
50-60
5H0
5060
70-80
64,10
6AJO

CuttingSpeed
(lpm)
24-34
24 34
22-32
20 30
18,28

14-20
10-15

9-t4
8-13
5-9
4-8
4,5

40-10
50-85

50-90
50-90
50-90
s speci{icalion.

2-3
| 2 tlz
l1

Basicwelding Symbolsand Theil LocationSignificance

Edt

,-w

,.--];:I

',-.7

--_,,

_-o___.,

,.-

e -

,-+

32

BasicWeldlngSymbolsand Thelr LocatlonSlgnificance(contd)

*'---lr

--*\,

____L-\

-x---\

-+----'.

,,-T

-\----L

-J-,/\

s{-

-r/--

Locationol Elementsol a WeldingSymbol

FrNrsHsyrvnol\,-BPBY'"+if5fij,lT?'#tsi?J$EiE"

CoIVIOUBSYMBoL-\ \F
SIZE_I
WELD
Y-GROOVE

oR_.- _
srzE
EprH
oFBEVEL
DEprH
wELDS
WELDS
cERrArN
FoRCERTATN

aoor OpellNe; oEpTHoF F|LLING

FORPIUGiNDaSLOTWELDS

,/
//

//

':" ,/
X

,,-_!'ilEli""Jd.=,iio"r*."
,,-_'iiEl'r'"i*.liio"rnn.
\ iijiiii6iiii-welos
WEL

"
:;ii*r!$ri#-,|
srb4i lll f-f

TRENGTH
STRENGTH

1
I/ \ \[Ei/

i{

rAlL(oMrrTED J

WHENREFERENCE

iii'riiirEeni-- I /
-J4
*ELD
SYMBoL

,/

/
T

(-

*ur

IE

,ttd

EAI ,

SPACING)OF
I\ biJiiir,ioiiii-welbs

sweol

\.
.\

/
.- ] ,/
,"*r."r*"r
/AN)
l/*"o*"o,u*."'"o
1
oj s"ors*r,
I| i51.tr31i..iilF
"ur".*
sruD,PLUG,slor.
__
iriiiiiiiorrcrm
WELDS
./

oRPRoJECTIoN

ELEMENTSIN THIS AREA

AS SHOWNWHENTAIL
REMATN
AND ARROWARE REVERSED

I 6:i i-nEowsroeor
JOINT

34

tErIl{ihi

550 N.W. l,fidnc kd

I
l
\

Firida 33126