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Clouds,aerosols, circulation
Herman Russchenberg
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geoscience
Delft
University of
Technology
26-11-2014
Stratospheric cooling
Increasing temperature due to UV absorption by ozone: no convection
Increasing CO2 in sparse stratosphere:
more collisions > more absorption > more emission
sparse medium > relatively free emission into space
26-11-2014
26-11-2014
Screendump
from Edx MOOC MITx: 12.340x Global Warming Science
Challenge the future
Delft
University of
Technology
Coriolis force
vnorth
Fcor= m ( 2 v )= 2m
sin
veast
y(North)
Fcor
Fcor
x( East)
Fcor
Delft
University of
Technology
Fcor
26-11-2014
L
Geostrophic wind
Pressure gradient force
Coriolis force
H
Delft
University of
Technology
26-11-2014
Coriolis force
Coriolis force
Delft
University of
Technology
26-11-2014
Delft
University of
Technology
26-11-2014
A
T
M
O
S
Delft
University of
Technology
A
T
M
O
S
Delft
University of
Technology
10
Eyjafjallajkull volcano
11
Rayleigh scattering
Optical scattering
D > : s =
D2
4
Angstrom relation=
: N=
s 0 n
Angstrom coefficient n= 0 4
CIE5140 Climate Change: Science & Ethics
12
depolarization
13
14
Warming
Evaporation cools
Condensation warms
15
Neg. Feedback
Present
Pos. Feedback
Thin cloud
Thick cloud
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Cloud thickness
Liquid water content
Droplet size
Number concentration
Vertical profile
21
A
T
M
O
S
Satellites
IDRA
Weather
sensors
213 m
tower
Radiation
sensors
lidar
Wind
profiler
TARA
radars
radiometers
Overview from
the tower (2002)
Delft
University of
Technology
Ground-based
remote-sensing
22
Cloud base
Water content
23
Radiosondes
Boundaries Thickness (H)
Liquid Water Content Path (LWP)
Extinction - Optical Thickness (COT)
Effective Radius (Reff )
Droplet Number Concentration - (N)
Results
25/18
26/18
27/18
Radiation concepts
Incoming
radiation
Top of the atmosphere
direct radiation
Scattering layer
Diffuse radiation
28
polluted
29
Non-polluted
Polluted
clean
polluted
30
29 juli 2005
31
Question time
??????????????????
32