TURBOTRONIC 4

CONTROL SYSTEM

CONTROL SYSTEMS

Power Generation

Introduction
Solar's Turbotronic 4 control system is used for
sequencing, control, and protection of the gas
turbine package, and for providing an extensive
range of options for monitoring and plant control.
The control system is based on a commercially available programmable controller configured to Solar's requirements. It provides an optimum combination of control and display features,
reliability and maintainability, and is configured
specifically for the control of turbomachinery and
associated equipment.
The control system described herein is provided for Power Generation products and includes a number of sensors, transducers, and
monitoring devices. Data are collected and sent

to the programmable controller for computation

and generation of the required control actions
and indications.
The programmable controller, in conjunction
with the video display unit (VDU), permits a wide
range of features. These include a variety of advanced software and control options, as well as
condition and trend monitoring and supervisory
control.
The control system provides the operator
with necessary information for operation of the
equipment. It also offers a variety of communications options for data exchange with the customer's supervisory system.

Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................................... i
Standard Hardware .................................................................................................................................... 1
GENERAL INFORMATION ....................................................................................................................... 1
ONSKID CONTROL CONSOLE................................................................................................................ 1
PROGRAMMABLE CONTROLLER .......................................................................................................... 2
INPUT/OUTPUT MODULES ..................................................................................................................... 3
INTERNAL COMMUNICATION................................................................................................................. 4
POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM ...................................................................................................................... 4
BACKUP SYSTEM .................................................................................................................................... 4
VIBRATION MONITORING SYSTEM....................................................................................................... 5
GOVERNOR.............................................................................................................................................. 5
GENERATOR CONTROL AND PROTECTION........................................................................................ 6
VOLTAGE REGULATION ......................................................................................................................... 7
CONTROL AND PROTECTION................................................................................................................ 7
OPERATOR INTERFACE ......................................................................................................................... 9

Optional Control and Display Features ................................................................................................. 15

ENGINEERING UNITS............................................................................................................................ 15
FIRE DETECTION AND SUPPRESSION SYSTEM ............................................................................... 15
FIELD PROGRAMMING ......................................................................................................................... 15
LANGUAGE............................................................................................................................................. 15
COMMUNICATIONS TURBINE CONTROL TO SUPERVISORY SYSTEM ....................................... 15
VIDEO DISPLAY OPTIONS .................................................................................................................... 18

Appendix A: Hardware ........................................................................................................................... 20

PHYSICAL HARDWARE......................................................................................................................... 20
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION.............................................................................................................. 20
ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATION..................................................................................................... 20
RFI/EMI SUSCEPTIBILITY AND EMISSION ..........................................................................................20

Appendix B: Technical Supplement ..................................................................................................... 21

HARDWARE INFORMATION ................................................................................................................. 21
HARDWARE CERTIFICATION ............................................................................................................... 22
AREA CLASSIFICATION ........................................................................................................................ 22
QUALITY ASSURANCE.......................................................................................................................... 22
CONTROL CONSOLE LAYOUT ............................................................................................................. 22

Appendix C: Control System Information ............................................................................................ 24

TURBOTRONIC DEFINITIONS .............................................................................................................. 24
HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACE DESCRIPTIONS ................................................................................ 24
SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONS...................................................................................................................... 24

Caterpillar is a registered trademark of Caterpillar Inc.

Solar, Centaur, Titan and Turbotronic are trademarks of Solar Turbines Incorporated.
Specifications subject to change without notice. Printed in U.S.A.
2002 Solar Turbines Incorporated. All rights reserved.
SPTT-PG/802

ii

Standard Hardware
GENERAL INFORMATION
The Turbotronic 4 control system is a highly integrated programmable controller-based control
system with a video display unit (VDU) and operator interface panel (Figure 1).
The control system consists of several distinct modules: a programmable controller, input/output (I/O) modules (discrete and analog),
VDU, relay backup system, control and monitoring software, onskid control console, and the
package sensing and control elements. The internal computing capability of the control system
may vary by product line, but each control system
has the same basic internal components, as depicted in Figure 2.
The control system requires a source of 24Vdc nominal power, which is derived from a
source of 120-Vdc power supplied by a battery
bank with associated battery charger.
ONSKID CONTROL CONSOLE
The control system is provided in two onskid,
NEMA 4 boxes. The control system is designed
to operate in a nonhazardous area. The turbine
control panel and onskid VDU include all necessary switches and indicators for gas turbine operation.

Figure 1. Typical Control Console

OPERATOR'S
INTERFACE

DISPLAY

PROGRAMMABLE
CONTROLLER

CONTROLNET
LINK

CONTROLNET BRIDGE
REDUNDANT MODULE

CONTROLNET
LINK
FLEX I/O
MODULES
BACKUP
RELAY
SHUTDOWN

TURBINE GENERATOR

Figure 2. Typical Package Control System

1

COMBINATION
GENERATOR
CONTROL MODULE

All components within the control console are

factory interconnected and wired to the sensors
and transmitters. Labels are in English, but can
be provided in various other languages (see "Optional Control and Display Features").

The programmable controller is programmed

in a language called relay ladder logic or in
function block diagram programming.
Ladder logic format (Figure 3) is quite familiar to most operators and engineering personnel, since it closely emulates the relay logic used
in the past. It also includes a variety of computational and file transfer commands useful for data
manipulation, calculation, and communication.
Using an optional programming terminal, the user
can monitor the program online and troubleshoot
a problem or make modifications when required
(see Programmable Controller Field Programming option). In addition to viewing the ladder
logic online, a copy of the ladder files may be
printed out.
Function block diagram programming
(Figure 4) allows control algorithms to be programmed in a graphical format familiar to process
control engineers. This format can program a
complex algorithm on one page that would take
multiple pages of ladder logic to implement. The
compact program is easier to read, troubleshoot,
and understand.

PROGRAMMABLE CONTROLLER
The heart of the control system is the programmable controller. The programmable controller
performs the following functions in conjunction
with the input and output signal modules:
Sequencing of gas turbine and auxiliaries
Control of turbine and driven equipment
during start-up, loading, operation and
shutdown
Protection of turbine from abnormal
operating conditions
Protection of driven equipment from
abnormal operating conditions
Response to commands from operator
Analog and status outputs for display
and monitoring

Figure 3. Ladder Logic Diagram

Figure 4. Function Block Diagram Programming

INPUT/OUTPUT MODULES
In order to perform many of its functions, the programmable controller must gather physical data.
This is accomplished through I/O modules that
are provided as discrete (input, output, or both) or
analog (input, output, or both). Discrete inputs are
typically used for alarms, shutdowns, or status
indications and analog inputs are used for scaleable functions.
The I/O modules are mounted to terminal
base units (Figure 5). Terminal base units have
two primary functions. First, when they are connected side to side, the bases serve as a backplane, allowing data to be transferred from the I/O
module to the programmable controller via ControlNet 1.5. Second, the terminal base acts as the
terminal strip to which the field devices are wired.
Data are transferred to and from the I/O module
via an adapter module. The adapter serves as a
communication hub between each of the attached I/O modules and the programmable controller, providing not only I/O data, but also individual module status and health. In addition, the
adapter also serves to power the internal logic for
as many as eight I/O modules.

Figure 5.

Typical I/O Module Mounted

on a Terminal Base Unit

Discrete Input Modules. Discrete input modules

receive signals from on/off devices, such as level
switches, pressure switches, push buttons, relays, and protective equipment normally used
during sequencing of the gas turbine. Discrete
signals can be used for alarms, shutdowns or
simply indicators, but are not necessarily displayed. The discrete input modules can have a
capacity of up to 16 channels depending on
module type.

used with both non-Flex I/O and Flex I/O and can
handle communications over distances of up to
1000 m (3300 ft), or more if repeaters are used,
at a bus speed of 5.0 megabits per second. This
is more than 50 times faster than the widely used
Data Highway Plus (DH+) and the Remote I/O
systems.
The physical layer of ControlNet 1.5 is quad
shielded RG-6U coaxial cable, with a passive tap
used to make a connection.
The most significant features of ControlNet
1.5 are its speed and the fact that it is both deterministic and repeatable. Deterministic is the
ability to reliably predict when data will be delivered, and repeatability ensures that transmit
times are constant and unaffected by devices
connecting to, or leaving, the network. The network update time for a typical turbomachinery
control system is around five milliseconds.

Discrete Output Modules. Discrete output modules are used to drive output devices such as
solenoid valves, relays or motor contactors. The
discrete output module is capable of having either
8 or 16 channels of output data per module.
If dry contacts are required, then a set of
interposing relays or a two-amp contact relay
output module may be provided at additional
cost.

POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM

Analog Input Modules. Analog input modules
accept analog signals and digitize the data for
transfer to the programmable controller. Modules
can accept either four or eight single-ended inputs, with different channels being used for different types of input. Each channel is individually
configured for current or voltage by choosing
where the input is connected on the terminal
base.

The power supply system supplies power to the

programmable controller, input/output modules,
video display unit, and relay backup systems. It
consists of independent, voltage converting, dcto-dc isolating power supplies. The system receives 120-Vdc input from the battery system and
converts it into a regulated and filtered 28-Vdc
power at a maximum of 20 amps.
BACKUP SYSTEM

Temperature Modules. Temperature modules

serve to condition and transfer temperature data
from package resistance temperature detectors
(RTD), 100-ohm platinum preferred, and thermocouples to the programmable controller. The
temperature module has eight input channels.

The basic control system is equipped with an independent relay backup system that serves to
initiate emergency shutdown of the turbomachinery and to control the post-lube cycle. Critical
input signals monitored by the backup system
include the backup power turbine overspeed
monitor, manual emergency stop switches (located at the console and turbine skid), the programmable controller fail watchdog timer, and
the fire system relay contacts. When activated by
any of the above faults, the relay backup system
initiates a safe shutdown of the turbine and driven
equipment. The backup control system is a combination of instantaneous and time delay relays.
When a failure of the programmable controller occurs, all discrete outputs are automatically
switched off. The programmable controller fail
relay is re-energized on a fault condition. A fault
is initiated either by the internal programmable
controller watchdog or by failure of the output
module. The programmable controller fail relay
contacts are used in the relay backup system to
initiate an emergency shutdown, to isolate the
driven equipment by transferring block valves or
circuit breakers to their safe position, and to sequence operation of the post-lube oil system.

Speed Modules. Speed modules perform highspeed frequency algorithms. The frequency inputs can accept frequencies up to 32,767 Hz.
The speed module has two input channels, each
of which may accept magnetic pickup signals
from 500 mV to 28 Vac peak.
Analog Output Modules. Analog output modules are used to send an analog signal, either
repeating one of those supplied by the purchaser
or used in the basic control or display of the control system. The analog output module is a fourchannel output module.
INTERNAL COMMUNICATION
Communication between the programmable controller and I/O modules is via ControlNet 1.5 (Figure 2). ControlNet 1.5 is a high speed, deterministic, serial communications link. This can be
4

of operation. The transfer from droop to isochronous and isochronous to droop is bumpless.
Speed set-point adjustment is by means of speed
increase and speed decrease momentary push
buttons on the turbine control console.
A solid-state combination generator control
module (CGCM) provides load sharing between
multiple units and is specifically designed to interface with the programmable controller to provide an integrated power generation control solution. Each generator's load is continuously measured by the respective CGCM and compared to
other units on the same bus via interconnect circuits, facilitating equal real and reactive load
sharing between the units.
Turbine engine temperature (T5) is also an
input to the governor control. When turbine temperature exceeds rated levels, fuel flow is then
controlled based on temperature rather than
speed or load inputs. In the case of a generator
paralleled with an infinite bus (utility), the temperature control limits the load-carrying contribution of the unit to its rated full-load capacity for
the current ambient temperature conditions.
When the generator is not paralleled with the
utility, the temperature control is set to a higher
temperature to allow momentary operation in excess of rated load during on-load transients.

Once a shutdown is initiated by the backup

system, operation can only be restored manually
by a safety key switch lockout located on the
console front panel when all faults have been
cleared. This action re-energizes the master control relay and its associated relays and timers are
restored to their normal position.
VIBRATION MONITORING SYSTEM
The vibration monitoring system provides vibration indication and protection for the gas turbine,
gearbox, and driven equipment. Depending on
the unacceptable vibration level, either a warning
is indicated or a turbine shutdown is initiated.
The gas turbine vibration monitoring instrumentation consists of a single proximity probe per
bearing or two velocity transducers per engine for
the Centaur 40 gas turbine. The gearbox is typically instrumented with an accelerometer. The
generator is typically instrumented with a velocity
transducer per bearing. The proximity probes,
accelerometers, and velocity transducers are
connected to individual transmitters that provide
4-to-20 mA signals to be read by the turbine
package control system.
All data available to the programmable controller are also obtainable via serial link for user
remote monitoring, diagnostics and trending. Direct access to the raw vibration signals is available via BNC connectors.

T5 Temperature Limiter. Limits the real load

(kW) on a unit operating in parallel with a large
power source, such as an electric utility or other
infinite bus system at the maximum unit rating for
any ambient temperature condition. The system
limits the kW load by limiting T5 temperature to a
predetermined factory-set level. When the predetermined temperature level is reached, the limiter takes control of the throttle and prevents any
further increase in temperature and, thus, load.
The unit continues to operate at this full site-rated
load for the current ambient temperature. With
changes in ambient temperature (engine air inlet
temperature T1), the limiter adjusts the load to
maintain a constant T5 temperature, thus, automatically maintaining the unit at full site-rated
load at all times.
If the application periodically requires operation at a specific constant load level, rather than
full site-rated capacity, then the optional kW controller should be used.
The T5 temperature limited system is a part of
the turbine temperature control and indication
system and its set point can be viewed from the
VDU.

GOVERNOR
The "governor system" consists of various hardware and systems integrated together to provide
the governor function. The governor is a speed,
load and temperature control system whose
dominant signal depends on the mode of operation of the turbine generator set: for example,
starting, stopping, operating in island mode, operating in parallel with other units, or operating in
parallel with a utility source.
The system consists of the turbine speed
transducer (magnetic pickup), the speed monitor,
turbine T5 temperature thermocouples, temperature input module, electronic fuel valve, and the
programmable controller software files.
The governor system maintains generator
frequency and/or generator load distribution
(when operating in parallel) by controlling turbine
fuel flow. Output current to the fuel actuator provides the mechanical interface to the electronic
fuel valve. The system includes provisions for
selection of isochronous or speed droop modes

GENERATOR CONTROL AND PROTECTION

General. Combining several generator control
components into one powerful package, the
combination generator control module (CGCM)
provides more flexibility and accessibility to specific generator control options. The CGCM (Figure 6) combines load share, synchronization,
voltage control, reactive power control, and generator protection functions into one module. The
CGCM communicates with the programmable
controller via high speed ControlNet 1.5 (Figure
7). The module performs synchronization in combination with the programmable controller software program and voltage regulation via the control of the exciter field current. The module
senses the three-phase voltage and the threephase current via PTs and CTs. The module provides real load-sharing and reactive load sharing.
Reactive load sharing can be reactive droop or
reactive differential (cross-current compensation).
Auto Synchronizing. The control system includes an auto synchronizer for the closure of the
unit circuit breaker. Upon sending an initiate synchronization discrete signal, the auto synchronizer brings the generator into frequency, volt-

Figure 6. Combination Generator Control

Module (CGCM)

Figure 7. Typical Generator, Exciter, and Regulator System

6

VOLTAGE REGULATION

age, and phase compliance and sends a signal to

close the unit circuit breaker. The error signal for
the voltage and phase comes from the CGCM.
The communication is via ControlNet 1.5.

Steady-State Stability
Steady-state voltage regulation is defined as
constant frequency and load. When the generator
is operating steady state at any load, the generator voltage varies no more than 0.1%.

KW Control (Optional). Controls the real kilowatt

load on a generator operating in parallel with an
infinite bus or other large source. Three types of
kW load control are available:

No Load to Full-Load Accuracy

At constant frequency and at rate power factor,
the voltage regulation varies no more than
0.25%.

1. KW Import Control The kW import

control system controls the real load (kW)
on a unit operating in parallel with a large
source such as a utility. The import control
monitors the load that is being imported
from the utility source and adjusts the turbine generator output to maintain a preset amount of minimum load. The import
control allows the import of unlimited
power while maintaining the minimum
power. This control is for applications
where it is desired to prevent any power
from being exported to the utility.

Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR)

The voltage adjustment range about the selected
nominal value is 10%. The resolution of the
voltage is 0.1%. Voltage metering accuracy is
0.2%.
Field Current Regulator (FCR)
The current regulation mode allows the operator
to adjust the field current manually. This gives the
operator a manual voltage regulator. During the
FCR mode, the automatic voltage regulator is
disabled. It is important to note that the FCR is
not the equivalent of an independent manual
voltage regulator, since it uses some of the same
circuitry as the automatic voltage regulator.

2. KW Control The kW control system

controls the real load (kW) on a unit operating in parallel with a large source. The
control monitors the load carried by the
turbine generator set and adjusts turbine
fuel flow to maintain a constant load under
conditions of varying infinite bus frequency. The turbine T5 limiter system provides protection against excessive kW
load while in parallel with an infinite
source. The kW control system provides
additional operational flexibility by allowing
unit kW load level to be set at any desired
constant level within the capacity of the
unit. In this mode, the unit may be carrying
the entire load within the plant, while the
remaining unit capacity is being exported
to the utility. In addition, the kW control set
point can be the manipulated variable in
the process control loop. For example, to
modulate steam production in a cogeneration application, the steam production
control could modulate the kW control set
point.

CONTROL AND PROTECTION

Reactive Voltage Droop
Reactive voltage droop is possible through the
use of a single externally provided current transformer (CT). The voltage droop is adjustable for a
maximum of 10% droop at 0.8-power factor and
full rated load of the generator. Reactive droop,
cross-current compensation and no droop voltage
control are selectable via ControlNet 1.5.
Cross-Current Compensation
The cross-current compensation method of paralleling is possible with other controllers of similar
type. This uses the same CT that is used if reactive voltage droop is selected instead of crosscurrent compensation.

3. KW Export Control The kW export

control limits the amount of power that is
being exported to the utility or large
source. The amount of power that is being
exported is limited to a preselected value.
If the selected value exceeds the turbine
capacity, then the T5 limiting control protects the turbine against excessive kW
load.

KVAR/Power Factor Control (Optional)

This feature maintains a constant reactive load
(kVAR) output or constant power factor (pf) on
the generator set when the unit is operating in
parallel with a large source. Power factor and
kVAR control can be enabled or disabled by the
operator from the VDU. The operator can also
7

select whether to use kVAR control or power

factor control and set the set points from the
VDU.

Kilowatt Load Sharing

The load-sharing circuitry provides the ability to
communicate with another CGCM, such that two
or more generator sets may equally share load
when running in parallel. Also, the CGCM will
load share with older controls from Solar, such as
the LSM module or Woodward 2301 governor.
The load sharing between generators of unequal
rating is proportional to their rating.

Over-Excitation Voltage. The over-excitation

voltage protection has a timed over-excitation
trip. The timed over-excitation protects the controller and generator from long-term field forcing
conditions.

Over-Excitation Limiting
The over-excitation limiter senses field current
and responds in less then three cycles. When
field current exceeds the limits, the limiter function overrides the action of the CGCM AVR, VAR,
or power factor modes and limits the current to
the preset level.

Generator Over Voltage. The unit has an overvoltage monitor adjustable from 100 to 140% of
rated voltage in 1% increments.
Generator Under Voltage. The unit has an under-voltage monitor adjustable from 60 to 100%
of rated voltage, settable in 1% increments.

Under-Excitation Limiting
Under-excitation limiting (UEL) limits the decrease in excitation to prevent loss of synchronization and excessive end-iron heating during
parallel operation.

Loss of Sensing. When the generator voltage

falls below 15% of the rated generator voltage, a
loss of voltage sensing annunciation occurs. The
loss of sensing function is supervised by the loss
of operating power function and does not become
active until operating power reaches its minimum
threshold.

Line Drop Compensation

Line drop compensation is a function of generator
output current. Both the real and the reactive
component of the current are used. The compensation is based on the magnitude of the line current. It is adjustable from 0 to 10% of rated voltage.

Loss of PMG. A loss of PMG fault is issued

within three cycles (50 msec) if PMG power input
is lost.
Loss of Excitation. A loss of excitation protection fault is issued in order to protect against a
reverse VAR condition in the event the excitation
current is lost.

Voltage Input Signal

The voltage regulator sensing uses three-phase
signals.
Current Input Signal

Over Frequency. When generator frequency

exceeds rated frequency for a specified amount
of time, an over-frequency fault is annunciated.

The CGCM uses 5-amp nominal inputs. The accuracy is 0.2% of full scale.

Under Frequency. When generator frequency

falls below the rated frequency for a specified
amount of time, a definite time under-frequency
fault is annunciated.

Protection
The protection functions are designed to diagnose and respond to the following events:

Loss of PMG (27)

Loss of excitation (40Q)
Over frequency (81O)
Under frequency (81U)
Reverse power (32R)
Phase rotation error (47)
Over current (51)
Rotating diode monitor (58)
Reverse VAR (40)

Over-excitation voltage (59F)

Generator over voltage (59)
Generator under voltage (27)
Loss of sensing (60FL)

Reverse Power. The reverse power protection

pickup level is settable from 1 to 50% of rated
generator power in increments of 1%. This feature considers real power only.

Phase Rotation Error. When possible and enabled, a phase rotation check is performed prior
to initiation of breaker closure.

Emergency Stop (shutdown without

cooldown)

Normal Stop (shutdown with normal noload cooldown)

Over-Current Protection. Over-current protection must be provided with a short inverse time
characteristic, Basler Electric Time Characteristic
curve S2, 99-1595. This feature is active if excitation is enabled.

Rotating Diode Protection. The rotating diode

monitor is capable of detecting one or more open
or shorted diodes in the rotating field. If a failed
diode is detected, a fault is issued.

Speed Control (increase and decrease)

Start
Horn Silence (audible alarm)
Acknowledge (alarms and shutdowns)
Backup System (Active/Reset)

Operation Indication Lights

Starting
Backup Active
Stopping

Reverse VAR. When excitation current is lost

and the reverse VAR level exceeds the rated
value for a definite amount of time, a reverse
VAR fault is annunciated.

Onskid Video Display Unit

OPERATOR INTERFACE

The video display unit is used to present an extensive selection of the turbomachinery operating
parameters. The display system consists of several screens organized by systems and functions
to allow the operator to easily locate and monitor
a given parameter. It also includes a passwordprotected screen, which allows the operator to
input or modify certain values such as process
control set points.
The onskid VDU makes use of Solar's
TT4000S display and monitoring system, which
performs several key functions to facilitate operation of the turbomachinery equipment through a
user-friendly interface. The TT4000S system
monitors the turbine and driven equipment parameters, annunciates alarms, reports on the
running status of the equipment, and provides a
comprehensive set of analysis tools.
Data storage consists of an alarm / event log
containing the last 5000 events, five trigger logs
containing one-second tag samples surrounding
the last five shutdowns, and an hourly log containing snapshot data for the last 12 months.
The TT4000S display and monitoring system
uses the Embedded Windows NT operating system and offers the following industry standard
features:

The control system operator interface has two

major components: the turbine control panel and
the video display unit.
Turbine Control Panel
The turbine control panel (Figure 8) provides the
essential controls to start or stop the turbine, to
adjust the gas generator speed, and other optional control functions. Some typical gas turbine
controls and indications that appear on the control panel include the following:
Operation Switches

Off/Local/Remote (control selector with

lockable positions)

Complies with Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

Supports Object Linking and Embedding
for Process Control (OPC)
Supports ActiveX controls
Can be integrated as part of a local area
network for sharing of data or remote display communications

Figure 8. Operator Interface

9

Standard Display Screens

The display screens listed below are for a typical
package and are provided as standard equipment
for all turbine packages:

Main Menu
Operation Summary
Engine Temperature
Shaft and Bearing
Lube System
Generator Summary
Bus Summary
Generator Control Modes
Generator Set Points
Gas Fuel System
Liquid Fuel System
Enclosure
Alarm Summary
Alarm Log
Event Log
Strip Chart
Maintenance Modes
VFD Configuration

Figure 10. Typical Operation Screen

generator data, control mode, fuel command
status, fuel selection, operation mode, shutdown
status, and lube pump operation. This screen
also displays the starting and stopping sequences.
During the package start sequence, the VDU
shows the various logic and timed sequences
involved from initiation of start-up to running condition. This feature is a valuable troubleshooting
resource for operations personnel to quickly
identify the source of the starting problem and,
thus, reach a faster solution.

Menu Screen. (Figure 9) This screen provides

the operator the ability to view the selectable view
screens.

Engine Temperature Display Screen. (Figure

11) This screen displays all the turbine-related
temperatures monitored on the unit. The screen
displays each individual thermocouple temperature, as well as the calculated averages.

Figure 9. Typical Menu Screen

Operation Summary Screen. (Figure 10) This
screen provides a view of the overall gas turbine
and driven equipment operating parameters. The
screen displays turbine engine temperatures,

Figure 11. Typical Engine Temperature

Screen

10

Shaft and Bearing Screen. (Figure 12) This

screen shows a bar graph representation of the
vibration levels of the engine and generator as
detected by the vibration monitoring system. The
screen displays the bearing temperatures for
engine and generator.

Figure 14. Typical Generator Summary

Screen
Bus Summary Screen. (Figure 15) This screen
is a summary of the real-time generator and
customer bus operating data system provided by
the control system, including Circuit Breaker Trip
and Auto Sync Initiate control.

Figure 12. Typical Shaft and Bearing Screen

Typical Lube System Screen. (Figure 13) This
screen displays all pertinent data for the lube oil,
such as pressure, temperature, and the status of
the pumps, along with the manual backup pump
test function.

Figure 15. Typical Bus Summary Screen

Generator Control Screen. (Figure 16) This
screen allows the operator to view the status of
the various generator control modes and to select
the control mode desired through the use of popup screens.

Figure 13. Typical Lube Oil Screen

Generator Set-Point Screen. (Figure 17) This

screen allows the operator to change set points
by means of a pop-up screen or the local Increase/Decrease switch. The set point and actual
values are viewed from this screen as well.

Generator Summary Screen. (Figure 14) This

screen is a summary of the real-time generator
operating data provided by the control system,
including operating modes, set points, along with
AC calculated and monitored values.

11

Figure 16. Typical Generator Control

Modes Screen

Figure 18. Typical Gas Fuel Screen

Figure 19. Typical Liquid Fuel Screen

Figure 17. Typical Generator Set-Point
Screen
Gas Fuel Screen. (Figure 18) This screen displays all of the pertinent data for the gas fuel
system, such as pressure, flow, actuator, and
status of the fuel valves. For a dual fuel system,
the operator can transfer fuels from this screen.
Liquid Fuel Screen. (Figure 19) This screen displays all of the pertinent data for the liquid fuel
system, such as pressure, flow, actuator, and
status of the fuel valves. For a dual fuel system,
the operator can transfer fuels from this screen.
Enclosure Screen. (Figure 20) This screen displays information related to the enclosure devices, such as fan, temperature, and gas sensor.

Figure 20. Enclosure Screen

12

Alarms Summary Screen. (Figure 21) This

screen displays all alarm and shutdown annunciations with a time and date stamp. Alarms are
time stamped in the order in which they are received from the programmable controller.
On the display, alarms are shown in yellow
and shutdowns in red. Unacknowledged alarms
are shown in reverse video. As the malfunctions
are acknowledged, they stop flashing and are
shown in the corresponding colored text until they
are cleared from the system and the Reset switch
is pressed. The first four malfunctions detected
are displayed at the top of all screens until
cleared.
Figure 22. First Out Alarm Screen
Discrete Event Log. (Figure 23) This feature
monitors and records the changes in status of all
defined discrete (switch or binary) inputs. These
include operator command, alarms and shutdown
annunciations, and key sequencing and status
signals. They are displayed as a chronological,
time-stamped listing of events in the order in
which they occurred. It is possible to have multiple events with the same time stamp due to the
update rate of the display system. Up to 500
events can be stored in the log. Events can be
selected by double clicking on the column heading. Right clicking anywhere on the screen and
selecting the Reports menu can easily create
reports.
This feature provides a historical record of
sequence and status events that changed. It can
be used to audit package operation or to identify
malfunctions that have occurred and areas of the
operation that need attention.

Figure 21. Typical Alarm Summary Screen

First Out Alarms Display Screen. (Figure 22)
This screen displays the order in which alarms
occurred. The resolution of the alarm order for
this feature is the time of one programmable
controller scan. These data are obtained by
reading the controller's first out alarm buffer,
starting at the first unacknowledged alarm. The
controller updates this buffer each scan. Only
unacknowledged alarms appear on this screen.
Up to 22 alarms can appear.
Note: If the First Out Alarms display is to be used
to diagnose a shutdown, the Acknowledge button
on the control panel must not be pressed. Pressing the Acknowledge button does not eliminate
unacknowledged alarms from the controller's
alarm buffer, but it changes an alarm index so
that the First Out Alarms display cannot access
them. As long as the Reset button is not pressed,
however, the unchanged contents of the controller alarm buffer can be viewed as described
above.

Figure 23. Typical Discrete Event Log

Display Screen
13

Strip Chart Function. (Figure 24) This function

emulates a 10-pen strip chart recorder. The
screen displays in real-time up to 10 variables
selected by the operator. Parameters are selected by assigning each pen a value; the values
can be analog or binary data available for monitoring. Each pen can be assigned different colors,
line weights, and symbols to make each monitored value easily distinguished from one another. The bottom of the strip chart screen displays the corresponding legend for each pen.
Each of the plots is scaled for the selected
variable and displays the actual numerical value
for each variable. The date range and scaling can
be changed by double clicking on the desired pen
to bring up the configuration pull-down menu. The
time axis on the strip chart can be configured for
each pen by date, hours, minutes, or seconds.
The "zoom" feature allows the user to zero in on
the particular area of interest.

Figure 25. Typical Maintenance Screen

VFD Configuration Screen. (Figure 26) This
screen allows the operator to configure the VFD
motors and monitor the performance of the motors.

Figure 24. Typical Strip Chart Screen

Figure 26. Typical VFD Configuration Screen

Maintenance Screen. (Figure 25) This screen

allows users to perform routine maintenance on
the turbine and displays information such as engine hours and engine starts.

14

Optional Control and Display Features

cal logic and constants accessible. Limited security to prevent inadvertent programming changes
is built in, but predetermined programming alterations are possible with appropriate software.

Other hardware and software options are available that provide additional flexibility and capability to the basic programmable controller control
system. These software, control and display features are described in this section.

Programming Terminal. A computer specifically

configured for programming the programmable
controller control logic and sequences is provided, along with software and a programming
manual to allow for field programming of the control system logic within the control system.

ENGINEERING UNITS
The following engineering units are available for
display purposes:
Type

Pressure

Temp.

Length

English

psig

inches

Metric (SI)

kPa

mm

Metric

bar

mm

mm

Metric

kg/cm

Programming Kit. The field programming kit includes software, programming manual, and a
PMCIA Type II interface card to allow field programming of the control system and logic.
LANGUAGE
The turbomachinery package labels, control console labels, and operator interface screen displays are available in numerous languages. For
languages available, please contact a Solar Turbines representative.

FIRE DETECTION AND SUPPRESSION

SYSTEM
A fire detection system is available for installation
in the enclosure. The primary fire detection system uses ultraviolet (UV) detectors. The system
includes an automatic optical integrity feature,
which provides a continuous check of the optical
surfaces and detector sensitivity.
The secondary detection system uses ratecompensated thermal detectors. The two detection systems act completely independent in detecting a fire.
A fire system supervisory release panel is
furnished whose primary purpose is to supervise
the fire system circuitry. An open circuit, ground
fault condition, or loss of integrity in the electrical
wiring results in a trouble signal.
If a fire is sensed, the detectors transmit an
electrical signal via the fire system controller and
the fire system supervisory panel to activate the
fire suppression system. In receiving this signal,
the explosionproof control heads activate the discharge valves on the primary and extended extinguishing cylinders, releasing the extinguishing
agent into the enclosure and pressurizing the
trips that close all vent openings. The fire suppression system achieves a static air condition
and then floods the enclosure with the proper
concentration of suppressant to extinguish the
fire.

COMMUNICATIONS TURBINE CONTROL

TO SUPERVISORY SYSTEM
Communication between the gas turbine control
system and the user's supervisory control and
data acquisition (SCADA), distributed control
system (DCS), or other supervisory system is
available. Turbotronic 4 control systems can be
provided with an interface that allows the supervisory system to communicate with the programmable controller, obtain data, and have the control capability required.
Data for Transmission
The following information from the turbine package is available to be accessed by the supervisory system:
1. Analog instrumentation values
2. Discrete status values
3. Discrete alarms and shutdowns
The following information can be sent by the supervisory system:
1. Discrete control commands (start, stop,
acknowledge/reset, and change mode of
operations)
2. Analog operating set points (kW control,
speed, kVAR, pf, and voltage)

FIELD PROGRAMMING
One characteristic of the control is that it can be
reprogrammed using optional software with criti15

necessary drivers to communicate with all turbine

package control networks and network devices
(except Modbus) and is required for most applications.

The specific addressing for the data transfer

is provided for each turbine package.
Protocol
The communication language used between programmable controller systems usually follows a
set of rules or format called a protocol. The
protocol defines the sequence and organization
of the transmitted data. The RSLogix controller
uses an internal proprietary bus protocol called
control and information protocol (CIP). Communication modules allow different communication
networks to interface with this internal bus. Certain arrays of information inside the controller can
be configured to mimic PLC-5 data tables that
support the DF1 protocol. The user's supervisory
system must be programmed to handle the CIP,
DF1, or Modbus protocols. The Allen-Bradley
communications software RSLinx provides all the

Supervisory Interface Options

There are many ways to interface with the gas
turbine control system. The most common include serial communication (RS232, RS422,
RS485), Ethernet TCP/IP, ControlNet 1.5, and
Modbus. See Figure 27 for a typical communication network layout.
Each communication network has certain advantages and disadvantages that need to be
considered when selecting a network for a particular application. Below is a description of each
network to help select the optimum interface for
the users application:

Remote Video
Display Unit

Basic Configuration

Auxiliary Video Display

Unit with CNet1.5 PCIC
Line Printer

Options
RS232

Ethernet

Modbus
Ethernet TCP/IP

RS232

SCADA/DCS

Ethernet Module

ControlNet Module

Onskid Control Box

Modbus Module

ControlLogix

KFC15

Backup Relay
Shutdown System
Flex I/O (Normal Input/Output)
Redundant
ControlNet 1.5

Hardwire Interconnect
VFD(s)
ControlNet 1.5
(NAP connection)

Heat
Recovery
System

Local Programming
Terminal (for use during
commissioning)

Figure 27. Typical Communication Network Layout

16

ControlNet 1.5

Typical Application. The turbine package

Ethernet module is usually connected to a local
hub that is connected to an Ethernet backbone
for data transfer to a remote supervisory system
over longer distances. 10BaseFL fiber lines support 2000 m (6560 ft) segments.

This is an Allen-Bradley developed proprietary

field bus network. Data transmission rates are
high, the communication is deterministic, and all
interface modules can be configured for redundant media.

Modbus Slave

Physical media: quad shielded RG-6U

The Modbus protocol is an open, published and

widely implemented protocol. It is used to transfer
I/O and register data between Modbus control
devices.

coaxial cable

Protocol: CIP
Topology: Trunk line/drop line,
star with repeaters

Maximum distance (per Rockwell

Physical media: shielded twisted

specifications): 1000 m (3280 ft) with

2 nodes, 250 m (820 ft) with 48 nodes

conductors

Protocol: Modbus RTU

Topology: point-to-point (RS232/RS422)

Maximum data transmission rate: 5 Mbps

Maximum number of nodes: 48

or multi-drop (RS485)

Maximum distance (per Rockwell

Typical Application. This is the control network

used to connect the distributed I/O modules to
the controller for turbine control. Onsite, VDUs
are typically connected directly to this I/O network
via PCC or PCIC cards installed in the computer.
Supervisory interface (RS232C) with the turbine
via ControlNet is allowed only through a serial
link connection module (KFC15) or a separate
ControlNet network that is not directly connected
to the turbine I/O network. The maximum distance and number of nodes allowed for the network can be increased by adding repeaters
and/or by using optical fiber media. Field programming terminals can connect to the network
via the network access port (RJ-type) located on
the interface module or Flex I/O adapters. Current ControlNet 1.5 networks and network devices are not compatible with older ControlNet
1.25 networks or network devices.

Typical Application. The Modbus Interface option gives the turbine package control system the
ability to communicate with a Modbus master
device through a serial interface (RS232, RS422,
or RS485). The turbine package control system
acts as a Modbus slave device using a subset of
the RTU version of the Modbus protocol. The
user provides the Modbus master device, which
may be a supervisory control system, a data acquisition system, a central or plant control system, a remote monitoring system or some other
computer system.

Ethernet TCP/IP

Remote RS232/422/485 Serial Link

Data transmission rates are high, the communication is non-deterministic, and cabling and connectivity is well known throughout most industries
(common office computer network technology).

Serial link communication allows connectivity of

devices without special communication modules
to communication networks.

specifications): 15 m (50 ft) for RS232,

1219 m (4000 ft) for RS422/RS485

Maximum data transmission rate:

115.2 kbps

Maximum number of nodes: 32 (RS485)

Physical media: shielded twisted

Physical media: twisted pair (10BaseT)

conductors

Protocol: N/A
Topology: point-to-point (RS232/RS422)

Protocol: CIP over TCP/IP

Topology: star

or multi-drop (RS485)

Maximum distance (per Rockwell

specifications): 100 m (328 ft) to hub

Maximum distance (per Rockwell

specifications): 15 m (50 ft) for RS232,

1219 m (4000 ft) for RS422/RS485

Maximum data transmission rate: 10 Mbps

Maximum number of nodes: unlimited
(8 to 24 nodes per hub typical)

17

The auxiliary VDU communicates with the

onskid controller through ControlNet 1.5. The
total ControlNet cable run must be no longer than
762 m (2500 ft). Cable run lengths for the auxiliary VDU vary from project to project depending
upon how close the motor control center is to the
gas turbine. Typically, the cable run without the
auxiliary VDU is less than 150 m (500 ft), leaving
610 m (2000 ft) for the auxiliary VDU cable run.
Note: these distances are reduced if high flex
cable is used.

Maximum data transmission rate: 20 kbps

(RS232), 100 kbps @ 4000 ft/10 Mbps
@ 40 ft (RS422/RS485)

Maximum number of nodes: 32 (RS485)

Typical Application. A remote serial link is provided to allow a remote supervisory system to
send and receive data to and from the ControlNet
network via an external Allen-Bradley KFC15
communication module (RS232). Supervisory
serial interface through the DH+ network using a
remote KF2 interface module is not advised,
since this device can only handle local messaging (communication through other remote networks is not allowed). The application software
on the remote supervisory system must handle
either DF1 or CIP communication protocols.

Remote Video Display Unit

The remote video display unit (VDU) option consists of an industrial desktop computer equipped
with TT4000. The remote VDU has all the features of the auxiliary VDU with the exception that
some of the operational privileges are limited at
the remote VDU. For example, lockout shutdowns cannot be reset remotely. The auxiliary
VDU option is a prerequisite for the remote VDU
option.
The remote VDU communicates with the
auxiliary VDU through Ethernet. The Ethernet
interconnect is the responsibility of the customer.
Distance is limited only by the customers network. Both the remote VDU and the auxiliary
VDU come with an Ethernet port and modem.
The viewing of historical data from the remote
VDU may be noticeably slower depending upon
the speed of the customer-supplied network.
A gas turbine performance map for the predicted rating of a gas turbine at standard conditions is displayed on the VDU (Figure 28). Algo-

VIDEO DISPLAY OPTIONS

Auxiliary Video Display Unit
The auxiliary video display unit (VDU) consists of
an industrial desktop computer and the TT4000
display and monitoring system. The auxiliary
VDU has all the features of the standard skidmounted VDU plus the following enhancements:
Additional Historical Data
2-Minute Log. 1 month of daily files with
data points taken every 2 minutes
10-Second Log. Data are read at 10second intervals for the last 14 days.
Larger Trigger Log. The Trigger Log
function stores up to 25 triggered files,
each containing 6 minutes of 1-second
data points. (The onskid VDU stores 5
triggered files.)
Accommodates Additional Options
Gas turbine performance calculations
and display
Printer
Remote VDU
Higher Resolution Screen
More Memory, including RAM and
Non-Volatile Storage
Incorporates Visual Basic for
Application (VBA)
DVD Reader / CD Writer

Figure 28. Gas Turbine Performance Map

18

Printer/Logger Option

rithms convert site data to standard conditions

and the operating point is displayed real time on
the map at the intersection of X and Y cursors.
Digital values for the predicted power, inlet
air temperature, gas turbine temperature, fuel
flow, and compressor discharge pressure are
also displayed on the screen. A key performance
indicator is provided for display by calculating the
differential value (actual minus predicted) of the
digital values. The trend of these parameters provides a true indication of performance degradation since the data are standardized for the actual
operating point and not just optimum.
Information gained from this feature can point
to corrective and diagnostic action required, such
as washing the compressor and borescoping the
hot gas path.

This option is available with the auxiliary VDU. It

includes a printer, cable, and software and provides for a variety of reports and event logging.
Features provided are:

Alarm and Shutdown Log Prints one

event per line with time and date stamp.

Reports On demand, prints current

values of standard analog variables and
calculated variables. Standard totalized
variables may be printed also.
Print Screen On demand, prints any
screen that is currently being displayed.

19

Appendix A: Hardware
PHYSICAL HARDWARE
Programmable Controllers Allen-Bradley ControlLogix
I/O
Allen-Bradley Flex Modules
Voltage Regulator
Basler Electric/Allen-Bradley
Combination Generator Control Module (CGCM)
Onskid Display
Allen-Bradley 6181
Power Supply
120 Vdc to 24 Vdc
Transducers
4 to 20 mA
RTDs
Platinum 100 Ohms a = 0.00385
Control Enclosure
NEMA 4 or NEMA 4X
Backup Controls
Backup overspeed box
Backup relay shutdown system
Internal Wiring
20 gauge, typical
22 gauge for low level shielded wire
12 gauge for most power wire
Wire identification, branded every 152 mm (6 in.)
All customer connects are to Flex I/O or terminal blocks on DIN rail
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION
Input Power
Internal Power
Input Signals

Output Signals
Relay Rating

120 Vdc
24 Vdc
Discrete signals, 24 Vdc
Analog signals, 4 to 20 mA
Low level temperature RTD
High level temperature thermocouple
Speed signal magnetic pick-up
Discrete 24 Vdc, 0.5 amp max.
Discrete 24 Vdc, 2 amps max.
Analog signals, 4 to 20 mA
24 Vdc, 3 to 10 amps
120 Vac,12 amps

ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATION

Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
Relative Humidity
Vibration
Area Classification

0 to 60C
-40 to 85F
5 to 95% non-condensing
1g peak 5 to 20 Hz
Nonhazardous

RFI/EMI SUSCEPTIBILITY AND EMISSION

Similar equipment has been tested to the specification list below and passed the test successfully:

IEC 801-2
IEC 801-3
IEC 801-4
IEC 801-5
IEC 801-6
CISPR/B
CISPR/B

Electrostatic Discharge Level 3

Radiated Immunity Level 3
Fast Transient/Burst Level 3
Electrical Surge Immunity Level 3
Conducted Emission Level 3
Conducted Emission Class A
Radiated Emission Class A
20

Appendix B: Technical Supplement

HARDWARE INFORMATION
ControlLogix Processor. The Allen-Bradley Logix5555 processor has 1.5 Mbytes of user memory and
can be connected in a variety of networks for interconnection with computers, distributed processing, and
distributed I/O:
General Specifications
Processor for Logix5555
Environmental Conditions
Operational Temperature
Storage Temperature
Relative Humidity
Vibration Operating
Electrical Specifications
Operating Voltage
Integrated Battery

1756-L55M13
0 to 70C (32 to 158F)
-40 to 85C (-40 to 185F)
5 to 95% (without condensation)
10 to 500 Hz, 2.0 g maximum peak acceleration

19.2 to 32 Vdc (24 Vdc nominal)

Each Logix5555 processor is shipped with a battery installed for
memory backup (part number 1756-BA1).

ControlLogix Power Supply. Used with the 1756 chassis to provide power directly to the chassis backplane:

Model
Input Voltage
Input Power
Backplane Output Current

1756-PB72
24 Vdc
97 W
1.50 A @ 1.2 Vdc
4.00 A @ 3.3 Vdc
10.0 A @ 5.0 Vdc
2.80 A @ 24 Vdc

Discrete Input Modules. These modules receive input from on/off devices such as level switches, pressure switches, push buttons, relays and protective equipment:
Model
Channels
Signal

1794-IB16
16
10 to 32 Vdc

Discrete Output Module. This module drives devices such as solenoid valves and motor contactors.
Current Rating
Model

Channels

Signal

Per Channel

Per Module

1794-OB16P

16

10 to 32 Vdc

0.5

1794-OB8EP

19 to 32 Vdc

10

Analog Input Modules. Some modules accept signals from high-level output devices, such as current
transmitters; others accept low-level signals, such as from RTDs.
Model 1794-IE8 Series B
Channels
Signal Rating

8
4 to 20 mA, 0 to 20 mA,
10 V, 0 to 10 V
21

Model 1794-IJ2
Channels
Inputs per Channel
Frequency
Usage
Model 1794-IRT8
Channels
Inputs Ranges
Usage

2
2 (frequency and gate)
32,767 Hz max.
Fast, high resolution speed measurements

8
-40 to +100 for thermocouples
0 to 325 mVdc for RTDs
0 to 500 ohm for resistance range
High-speed module used for temperature measurements. Separate
scaling and cold junction compensation is required.

Analog Output Modules. These modules are used for drive-positioning devices such as the fuel throttle
valve and to provide analog signals to other instrumentation.
Model 1794-IE8 Series B
Channels
Output Current
Output Voltage

4
4 to 20 mA, 0 to 20 mA
10 V, 0 to 10 V,
5 V, 5 V

HARDWARE CERTIFICATION
In general, Allen-Bradley components are SA and ATEX certified for Class I, Division 2, Zone 2, Groups
A, B, C, and D.
AREA CLASSIFICATION
Nonhazardous.
QUALITY ASSURANCE
Complete control systems are put through three test phases at Solar: static test, pre-test, and final test.
Further tests are made during installation and commissioning.
1. Static Test. Verifies the correct console wiring and software was installed, including the standard
options and nonstandard features required for the project.
2. Pre-Test. The controller is mated with the unit it is shipped with and is used to verify correct skid
wiring and certain statically tested functions.
3. Final Test. The unit is operated with its control system, where final package and control tests are
made. The software used for this test is the as-shipped software (excluding Titan gas turbines).
4. Commissioning. During commissioning tests onsite, any further software changes that are found
to be necessary are included in the as installed software.
CONTROL CONSOLE LAYOUT
The basic arrangement for the programmable controller is to have one seven-slot 1756 I/O chassis and
power supply similar to the one seen in Figure 29. The programmable controller module is in the leftmost slot and all other applicable modules occupy the six remaining slots. This assembly is mounted on a
panel (Figure 30) attached to the back wall of the console.

22

Figure 29. ControlLogix Chassis Configuration

Figure 30. Generator Control Panel and Turbine Control Panel Internal Configuration

23

Appendix C: Control System Information

TURBOTRONIC DEFINITIONS

package skid. It provides only limited data storage capability.

Control Processor. The central controlling device. Turbotronic 4 uses the Allen-Bradley ControlLogix processor, which replaces the programmable logic controller (PLC5) used on earlier systems.

TT4000 Remote. This is the version of TT4000

installed on a remote PC (A-B 6155). It mirrors
the functionality of the primary TT4000 system.
Important Note

HMI. Human Machine Interface the generally

accepted industry term for display and monitoring
systems, such as Solars TT4000 product.

TT4000 is provided only as a complete system

installed, configured, and tested on computer
hardware supplied by Solar. This hardware must
be dedicated to the TT4000 system and no other
software may be loaded. This is necessary to
protect the integrity of the system and avoid any
potential interaction with other software.

Onskid. Located on and permanently attached

to the turbomachinery package skid.
Remote. Located someplace other than the turbomachinery area and control room, usually at
some distance away in an unclassified area.
Remote HMI implies a secondary HMI system in
addition to the primary HMI.

SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONS
Figure 31 shows the various components that
make up the Turbotronic 4 control system.

TT4000. A Windows 2000 based display and

monitoring system that is available with the Turbotronic 4 system.

Auxiliary Desktop PC
The TT4000 display and monitoring system installed in a desktop PC. This PC must be located
no more than 762 cable m (2500 cable feet) from
the package skid.

Turbotronic 4. Solar Turbines new package and

control system.

Onskid Control System

VDU. Video Display Unit a generic term for a

computerized display device.

The control system is mounted in one or more

panels attached to the package skid. The panels
contain the key elements of the system, including
the control processor, the I/O modules, the vibration monitoring system, and the TT4000S display
system. Packages with onskid controls may only
be installed in a nonhazardous area.

HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACE

DESCRIPTIONS
TT4000. Solars fully featured display and monitoring system consisting of a desktop PC (A-B
6155) configured with the Windows 2000 operating system, the TT4000 application software, and
the specific project software files. It provides extensive data storage capabilities in addition to
display, communications, and control capabilities.
It is designed for operation in a nonhazardous
area such as a control room.

Remote Desktop PC
A secondary TT4000 display and monitoring
system installed in a desktop PC, providing remote monitoring and control of the turbomachinery package. This PC must be linked to the primary TT4000 system via a network connection.
The distance between this PC and the primary
TT4000 system is limited only by the capability of
the network.

TT4000S. A version of Solars TT4000 software,

which is installed in an onskid VDU (A-B 6183)
and makes use of the Windows Embedded NT
operating system. It provides display, communications, and basic control capabilities at the

24

TT4000S

ETHERNET
OR OTHER

CONTROLNET
TT4000
DESKTOP

CONTROL
PROCESSOR
AND I/O

Figure 31. Turbotronic 4 Control System Outline

25

TT4000
REMOTE

FOR MORE INFORMATION

Telephone: (+1) 619-544-5352
Telefax: (+1) 858-694-6715
Internet: www.solarturbines.com

Solar Turbines Incorporated

P.O. Box 85376
San Diego, CA 92186-5376 U.S.A.

SPTT-PG/802