There are several different types of premodifiers and postmodifiers. Premodifiers include primarily adjectives, participial modiers and other nouns: Adjective as premodifier: a special project Participial premodifiers: written reasons; detecting devices Noun as premodifier: the bus strike Postmodifers include primarily relative clauses, ing-clauses, edclauses, to-infinitive clauses, prepositional clauses, and noun phrases in apposition. Relative clauses as postmodifer: That job I was doing last night Ing-clause as post modifier: the imperious man standing under the lamppost Ed-clause as postmodifier: a stationary element held in position byu the outer casing To-infinitive clause as postmodifer: enough money to buy proper food Prepositional phrase as postmodifier: doctors at the Johns Hopkins Medical School Noun phrase in apposition as postmodifier: the Incian captain, mohammed azharuddin Compelment clauses are distinct from postmodifiers in structure and meaning, thoufh they alsooccur following noun heads. They involve primarily special kinds of that- and to-clasuses: The idea that he was completely cold and unemotional Opccasionally adverbs can also be pre- and post-modifiers in noun phrases:
The nearby guards / a block behind
Adjectives can also postmodify: all those concerned / someone smarter Major structural types of postmodification Postmodifiers can be both clauses and phrases. Clausal postmodifiers can be either finite, referred to as relative clauses, or non-finite. There are three different types of nonfinite postmodifying clauses: to clauses, ing-clauses and edclauses
Finite postmodifying clauses:
Relative clauses: A footpath which disappeared in a landscape of fields and trees Non finite postmodifing clauses: To-clauses: the way to get to our house Ing-clauses: rebels advancing rapidly southwards Ed-clauses: fury fanned by insensitive press coverage. Noun complement clauses, which differ both structurally and semantically from other postmodifying clauses are dealt with in 8.12-14 Prepositional postmodifier.
phrases
are
the
main
type
of
nonclausal
Prepositional phrase as postmodifier:
A phone with a coumple of buttons on it. Thress less common types of phrase are used as postmodifiers: adverb (phrase(, adjective (phrase) and emphatic reflexive pronoun in apposition: He was just trapped in there with apparently no way out (adverb) He will cooperate in any way possible.(adjective)
Reflexive pronouns: he himself paid two visits to the site of