Chapter 7

Internet worldwide collection of network that

connects millions of business, government agencies,
educational institutions and individuals

Evolution of internet
The internet originated by Arpanet in September 1969
with two main goal
Allow scientist at different physical location to share
information and work together
Function even if part of the network were disabled or
destroyed by a disaster
In 1969, Arpanet become functional
In 1984, Arpanet has more than 1000 individual linked
as host
In 1986, NSF connect NSF nets to ARPANET become
known as internets
In 1995, SCNet terminate its network on the internet
and resume status as research network
In 1996, internet2 is founded
Connecting to the internet
Many home user use high speed broadband internet
service
Technology
Description
Cable internet
Provide high speed internet access
service
through the cable television network
via cable modem
DSL digital
Provide high speed internet connection
subscriber
through the telephone network via DSL
line
modem
Fiver to the
User fibre optic to provide high speed
premises
internet access via modem
FTTP
Wi fi
Uses radio signal to provide high speed
internet connection to the computer
and device with built in Wi-Fi

Mobile
Broadband

Fixed wireless

Satellite
internet
service

Offer high speed internet connection

over the cellular radio network to
computer and devices with built in
compatible technology
Provide high speed internet connection
using a dish shaped antenna on a
building such as house
Provide high speed internet connection
via satellite dish that communicate with
satellite modem

Hotspot wireless network that provide internet

connection to mobile counter and device

Internet service provider ISP

Is a business that provides individual and
organization access to the internet free or for a fee
Bandwidth amount of data that travel over a
network
Higher bandwidth means higher data
Dates size in Mb and Gb
Mobile service provider or wireless data provider
is an ISP that offer wireless internet access to
computer and mobile device or other
communication device that enable wireless
connectivity
How data travel the internet
1. You send request to the internet. For example you enter
webpage you want to visit
2. A cable modem transfer the computer digital signal to
the cable television line in your house
3. Your request travel through cable television line to
central cable system
4. The central cable system send your request over high
speed fibre optic line to the cable operator
5. The ISP route your request through the internet
backbone to the destination

6. The server retrieve the requested webpage and sends it

back through internet backbone

IP address and Domain Name

IP address also known as internet protocol is a
sequence of number that uniquely identify the location
of each computer or device connected to the internet
Uses two IP address scheme IPv4 and IPv6
IPv4 began dwindling availability
IPv6 increased the available number of IP address
exponentially
Domain name is a text based name that correspond
to the IP address of a server that host a website
E.g. domain name Google.com
The suffix domain name called top level domain TLD
identify the type of organization associated with the
domain
The organization that approve TLDisg called ICANN
The domain name system is the method used to store
domain name and their corresponding IP address

TLD
.com
.edu

Organization
Commercial organization , business and
companies
Educational institution

.gov
.mil
.net
.org

Government agencies
Military organization
Network provider or commercial companies
Non-profit organization

How browser display requested webpage

1. Run the browser and enter the web address in the
browser address bar
2. The browser communicate with DNS server maintained
by your SP or another provider. The DNS server look up
the domain name portion of the web address and then
send the IP address to your computer
3. The browser uses the IP address to contact the web
server at the specified IP address to request the content
of the desired webpage. The web server fulfil be user
request by sending the user browser which format the
page for display on screen
The World Wide Web
Web consist of collection of electronic documents. Each
electronic document called webpage
Webpage has unique address called web address or
URL
Static webpage all see the same content each time
they view the webpage
Dynamic webpage the content of webpage generates
each time a user display it
Website collection of related webpages and
associated item such as documents and photos stored
on web server
The web server is a computer that deliver requested
webpages to your computer or mobile device
Navigating web

Browser application that enable user with an internet

connection to access and view webpages on a
computer or mobile device
Mobile browser internet capable mobile device such
as smartphone
When run browser , it may retrieve and display starting
webpage sometime called home page
Home page also refer to the first page display when run
browser
Current browser typically supportable browsing where
the top of browser show a tab
Specific browser such as chrome , Firefox, internet
explorer , opera , safari
Mobile browser such as chrome , Firefox , internet
explorer , opera mini and safari

Web address
Webpage has unique web address
Web address consist of protocol , domain name , host
name , path and webpage name
Http stand for hypertext transfer protocol is set of rule
that define how webpage transfer on the internet
Web feed contain content that has changed on a
website
Web apps and mobile app
Web app is an application stored on web server that
you access through browser
Web app host usually provide storage for user data and
information on their server known as cloud storage
Mobile app is an application you download from mobile
device app store or other location on the internet to a
smartphone or other mobile device
Mobile app often take advantage of features of the
device such as touch screen , digital cameras ,
microphone , embedded GPs receiver tolerable you
enter and capture data
Web app and mobile app often work together

E.g. you might access cloud storage website from

laptop or desktop. The cloud storage website hosts web
app to upload, downloads, browse, organize and view
files. The website may also provide mobile app that you
install on a smartphone so that you can access the
same information and perform same task from mobile
device

Type of website
Software that finds website,
Search
webpage , image , video ,
engine
maps , and news and other
information related to
specific topic
Can also us to solve
mathematical equation ,
define word and more
Allow you to search iMac,
video , maps , audio ,
publication , people or
business and blogs
Require to write word or
search text
Subject directories
webpage in an organize se
of categories such as sport ,
shopping , and related
subcategories

Website that encourage

members in its online
community to share their
interest , ideas , stories ,

Bing
Google
Yahoo

Personal
uses
Business
uses

Online
social
network

photos , music and videos

and other registered users
Enable to communicate
through text voice , video
chat
Contain factual information

Informatio
n and
research

Media
sharing

Bookmaki
ng

News ,
weather ,
sport and
other
mass
media

Education

Website enable member to

manage and share media

pertinent class information

Library
Encyclop
aedia
Directory
Guides
YouTube

Bussiness
,
governme
nt and
organizati
on

Web that enable member to

organize , tag ad share links
to media and other online
content
Tag is a short descriptive
label that you assign to
webpages , photos , videos ,
blog post ,email message
and other digital content

Pinterest

Website contain newsworthy

material including stories
and article relating to
current events , life , money
, politics

Weather
webpage
on USA
website

Website offering exciting

,challenging , avenue for
formal and informal
teaching and learning
Instructor often use web to
enhance classroom teaching
by publishing course
material ,grades and other

Khan
academy

Blogs

Wiki &
collaborati
n

Health
and
fitness

Website that contain

content increase brand
awareness , provide
company background or
other information or
promote or sell products or
service
For non-profit organization
to raise funds for cause and
advocacy group present
Informal website consist of
time stamped article or post
in a diary or journal format
usually listed in reverse
chronology
The term blogosphere refer
to the worldwide collection
of blogs
microblog allow user to
publish short message

Allstate
insurance
company
Apple
inch
General
motor
corporati
on

Type of collaboration
website that allow user to
create ,add , modify or
delete website content via
browser
Wiki can include article ,
documents , photos or
videos
Some public and some
private

Wikipedia

Website provide ultimate

medical , fitness, nutrition
or exercise information for
public access

Yoga

Twitter
BlogSpot
WordPres
s

Science

Entertain
ment

Banking
and
finance

Travel and
tourism

Some offer users the

capability of listening to be
health related seminar and
discussion

Mapping

Website contain information

about space , exploration ,
astronomy , physics, earth
science , microgravity ,
robotics and other branches
of science
Non-profit organization use
web to seek public donation
for research support

Retail and
auction

Website that offer music ,

videos , events , sports ,
games , shows and
engaging environment
Streaming is the process of
transferring dates in a
continuous flow which allow
user to access and use file
while it transmitting

YouTube

Enable user to access their

financial records from
anywhere in the world as
long as they have internet
connection
Website enable user to
research travel option and
make travel arrangements
Can read travel review ,
search for lowest flight
ticket , book room
Website that able to display
ultimate maps by searching

Cimbclick
s
Maybank
2u
Bursar
Airasia
Trivago

Career
and
employm
ent

Ecommerce

GPS

for an address , postal

code , phone number or
point of interest
Can be displayed in variety
of view , include terrain ,
aerial , street , building and
traffic
Website that able you to
purchase online about any
product , service on the web
, a process that sometime
call retail
To purchase online ,
customer visit electronic
storefront which contain
product description , image
Shopping cart allow
customer to collect
purchases
Job search website list
thousands of opening in
hundreds of fields ,
companies ,location
This information include
require training , education ,
salary data , job description
Business transaction that
occur over an electronic
network such as internet
Sometime people use m
commerce
Business to consumer e
commerce consist of sales
good and service to the
general public
Consumer to consumer e
commerce occur when one
consumer sells directly to

Amaz
on
EBay
Muda
h
Lazad
a

Portal

Content
aggregati
on also
known as
curation
website

Website
creation
and
managem
ent

another
Business to business e
commerce occur when
business provide goods and
service to other business
Website that offer variety of
internet service from a
single, convenient location
Wireless portal portal
designed for internet
capable mobile

Content the website should be well organized and link

should work
Currency the information should be current

Website allow users to

collect or compile from a
variety of website about a
particular topic or theme
Sites provide tools that
support the steps in web
publishing

Step in web publishing

1) Plan the website
2) Design the website
3) Create the website
4) Host the website
5) Maintain the website
How to know the website accurate or correct
Affiliation a reputable institution should support the
website without bias in information
Audience the website should be written at an
appropriate level
Authority the website should list the author and
appropriate credential

Digital on the web

Multimedia any application that combines that text
with media

Graphics

Animation

Audio
Video

Virtual

Visual presentation of context information

such as drawing , chart or photo
Thumbnail small version of larger
image
Infographics visual representation of
data or information , designed to
communicate quickly , simplify complex
concepts or present pattern or trends
Appearance of motion created by
displaying a series of still image in
sequence
Include music , speech or any other sound
Play by media player software
Consist of images displayed in motion
You can uploaded, share or view video
clips at a video sharing sites
Use of computer to simulate a real or
imagined environment that appear as 3D

reality

Plug ins or
add-on

Graphic
format
use
BMP
GIF

JPEG

PNG

TIFF

Display 3D image that user explored and

manipulate interactively
A program that extends the capability of
browser
Eg acrobat reader , flash player , java ,
quicktime
Uses

Desktop background
scanned images
Images with few colours
Simple diagram
Shapes
Digital camera photos
Game screenshot
Movie still shots
Comic style drawing
Line art
Web graphics
Photos used in printing industry

Other internet service

Email

Email list

Internet
messagi
ng

Chat
room

Online
discussio
n

Transmission of message and files via a

computer network
Email address combination of a user
name and domain name that identify a user
to that he or she can receive internet email
User name unique combination of
character such as letter of alphabetical or
number that identify specific user
Is a group of email address used for mass
distribution of a message
Each person on the list receive copy of the
message in his or her mailbox
Subscribe is to put in email list
Unsubscribe to remove from email list
The original use of email list such as LISTERV
allowed any subscribe to send a message
which created a discussion type forum
among all subscriber via email
Communication service that notify you when
one or more of your establish contact are
online and then allows you to exchange
message or files or join private chat room
with them
Real time between you and other people
conversing are online at the same time
Chat Real time type conversation that
takes place on a computer or mobile device
with many other online user
Chat room is website or application that
permits user to chat with other who are
online at the same time
Online area in which user have written
discussion about a particular subject
To participate in discussion , user post
message called article and other user reply
to this message
Thread or threaded discussion consist of

VoIP

FTP

the original article and all subsequent

related topics
Enable user to speak to other user via
internet connection
Uses as internet to connect a calling party to
one or more local or long distance called
parties
E.g. Skype
Internet standard that permits the fields
uploading and downloading to and from
other computer on the internet
Uploading process of transferring files
from your computer or mobile device to a
server on the internet to your computer or
mobile device
FTP server
Computer that allow user to upload or
download files using FTP
FTP site collection of files that reside on
FTP server

How email message travel to recipient?

1) Using email program ,create and send a message on computer

2) Your email program contact software on the outgoing mail server
3) Software on the outgoing mail server determines the best route for the data and sends the message which travel along
internet route to the recipients incoming mail service
4) When recipient use email program to check email message transfer from incoming mail server to the recipient computer or
mobile device
Netiquette
Code of acceptable behaviour user should follow while on the internet that s conduct executed of individuals while online
Include rules for all aspects of internet include web , social media , internet messaging , chat room , online discussion and
FTP
Rules
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)

:
Be polite. Avoid offensive language
Avoid sending flames or posting flames which are hive or insulting message.
Be careful when using sarcasm nag humour as it might be misinterpreted
Do no use all coital letter which equivalent to shouting
Use emotion to express emotion
Use abbreviation and acronym for phrases
Be forgiving on other mistakers