Ryan Jacob C.

Agdon
Teaching 2

Principles of

BSE 31
Antenor-Cruz

Ms. Relyn

I. Objectives
At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
a)
b)
c)
d)
II.

Discuss what is El Nio and La Nia.

Compare and differentiate El Nio from La Nia.
Appreciate the purpose of having El Nio and La Nia.
Participate actively in group activities.

Subject Matter:
Topic: El Nio and La Nia.
Reference: Ordoez, III. J.A. (2003). Environmental Biology. Mandaluyong City:
National Bookstore. Pp. 175-184

Materials: Manila paper, Marker, LED TV, PowerPoint presentation, Video

presentation
Values Integration: Cooperation, Teamwork, Naturalistic, Alertness

III.

Procedure:
a) Preparation:
i. Prayer- The teacher will ask somebody to lead the prayer.
ii. Greetings- The teacher will great the students.
iii. Checking of attendance- The teacher will ask the secretary of the
class about this.
iv. Review- The teacher will ask the class about the past lesson.
b) Presentation:
i. Motivation:
1. The teacher will show a video about typhoons and drought.
2. The teacher will ask the students about their reaction to the
video that has been presented.
ii. Presentation:
1. The teacher will introduce to the class his new lesson which is
about El Nio and La Nia.
iii. Discussion:
1. Present some history and origin of El Nio and La Nia.
HISTORY AND ORIGIN OF EL NIO
El Nio- global concern that enjoins the citizen s of the
world to undertake action to mitigate the creeping effects
of the phenomenon to the environment.
- Spanish for the little boy

El Nio Southern Oscillation (ENSO)- an atmosphere

disturbance and recurrent ocean warming.
Linked to Southern Oscillation (SO)- relationship between
atmospheric pressure which affects the wind over the
Southeastern Pacific.
When the pressure is much higher than the normal
average in Darwin and much lower than average in Tahiti,
the westerly wind drives the warm waters from Asia to the
east of the Pacific Ocean or to South America.
The cloud formations result in heavy rainfall, floods,
hurricanes, cyclones, etc. in the countries of South
America.
FIRST OCCURRENCE- first observed in 1500.
- Returned 28 times worldwide for the past
century.
- Occurs once every 5 to 8 years but it
come earlier from 3 to 5 years.

HISTORY AND ORIGIN OF LA NIA

La Nia- Spanish for the little girl

- A.k.a. the cold tongue
- Refers to the extreme cooling of the central and
eastern Pacific, often observed after an El Nio
event.
2. Show some pictures about the global and Philippine effect of El
Nio and La Nia. Let the students study the picture.
3. Discuss the Global and Philippine effect of El Nio and La Nia.

GLOBAL EFFECT
EL NIO
LA NIA
Besides the effect on
Prolonged heavy rains.
According to the World
marine water, brackish
water, and fishponds
Meteorological
have also been
Organization (WHO),
affected due to the
Australia and Indonesia
reduction of rainfall and
are prone to drought
increase in the salinity
during El Nio, but wetter
of tidal water.
than normal during la
Peru- world largest
Nia.
production of fishmeal
Seriously
affected
PHILIPPINE EFFECT
EL NIO
LA NIA
Experienced six years
Expected to bring heavy
of crop drought in
rains, and floods.
1972- Central Luzon
1977-79, 1982-83,
1990-93.
suffered numerous flash

Caused a decrease in
agricultural products.
Worst floods = 198-83
Leoncio Amador- past
director of PAGASA,
-199798 El Nio- climatic
event of the century
Affect water sources,
agriculture, hydropower
generators, health and
sanitation and socioeconomic conditions.
Numerous forest fires,
damaging natural parks
and reserves not only
in the Philippines, but
all over the world.
Mysterious periodic
warming of the Pacific
Ocean that leads to
extreme conditions in
the weather of certain
countries.

floods.
Department of
Agriculture- 77 provinces
of the country are
vulnerable to La Nia.

4. The class will have a short groupings and will portray the
different effects of El Nio and La Nia.
5. The class will continue with their lesson.
6. Discuss and enumerate the different regions affected by the El
Nio and La Nia in the Philippines.

EL NIO
AREAS HIGHLY
VULNERABLE AND BADLY
HIT BY DROUGHT:
Benguet
Ilocos Norte
Ilocos Sur
LaUnion
Pangasinan
West Vizcaya
South Vizcaya
Batangas
Mindoro Occidental
North Palawan

DIFFERENT REGIONS
AFFECTED
LA NIA
7 MAJOR RIVER BASINS
THAT ARE SUSCEPTIBLE
TO THE LA NIA
WEATHER DISTURBANCE:
Agusan
Agro
Bicol
Cagayan
Cotabato
Ilog Hilatagan
Pampanga River

 Rizal
Romblon
Iloilo
Guimaras
Cagayan Valley
Bataas
Bulacan
Nueva Ecija
Pampanga
Tarlac
Zambales
Cavite
Negros Occidental
Capiz
Negros Oriental
Zamboanga City
Misamis Oriental
South Cotabato
General Santos City
Laguna
AREAS MODERATELY
AFFECTED:
Ifugao
Kalinga
Apayao
Abra
Mt. Province
Batanes
Isabela
Nueva Vizcaya
Quirino
Mindoro Oriental
South Palawan
Quezon
Negros Oiental
Siquijor
Bohol
Samar
Zamboanga del Sur
Zamboanga del Norte
Central Bukidnon
Cagayan de Oro City
Davao Orinetal
Davao del Sur
Sarangani

MAJOR WATARSHEDS
WHICH ARE IN DANGER
OF HEAVY FLOODS (ACC.
TO DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENT):
Albay
Agusan del Norte
Benguet
Bukidnon
Cagayan
Camarines Sur
Davao
Ifugao
Isabela
North Cotabato
South Cotabato
Maguindanao

iv.

v.

vi.

vii.

Davao City
AREAS SLIGHTLY
AFFECTED:
Agusan del Sur
Lanao del Sur
Leyte
Camarines Norte
Camarines Sur
Eastern Samar
Generalization:
1. What do you mean by the term El Nio and La Nia?
2. Give the global effect of El Nio.
3. Give the global effect of La Nia.
4. Name the different rice producing region in the Philippines
affected by La Nia.
Application:
1. Do you think El Nio and La Nia is good to us?
2. What do you think will happen if we will be experiencing too
much El Nio? La Nia?
Valuing:
1. Realizing how El Nio and La Nia affects our lives and makes
our ecosystem balanced.
2. Taking good care of the environment for us to have a balanced
ecosystem and be aware of the things that might happen in
the future.
Evaluation:
After the lesson discussion, a short quiz will be given to the
students based on the topic discussed.
A. Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. It is a Spanish name for the little girl.
a. El Nio
b. La Nia
c. Oscillation
d. None of
these
2. The Philippines has experienced _____ years of crop
drought in 1977-78, 1978-79, 1982-83, 1990-91, 1992-93,
which caused a decrease in agricultural products.
a. 4
b. 5
c. 6
d. 7
3. It is a phenomenon which brings a heavy rains and floods.
a. El Nio
b. La Nia
c. Oscillation
d. None of
these
4. In 1972, _____ suffered numerous flash floods and there
was a rise of water in the provinces.
a. Northern Luzon
b. Southern Luzon
c. Eastern Luzon
d. Central Luzon
5. It is also known as a cold tongue.
a. El Nio
b. La Nia
c. Oscillation
d. None of
these

IV.

B. Directions: Enumerate and give what is being asked for each

number.
1. Why the 1997 El Nio is considered the worst event of the
century? Give 5 reasons.
2. What are the major river basins that are susceptible to the
La Nia weather disturbance? Give 5 major river basins.
Assignment
In a short bond paper, make a slogan about the effect of Global Warming
to the El Nio and La Nia phenomenon. Used recycled materials in doing
your assignment.
Submission: Next meeting, before our class starts.