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NORSOK STANDARD

U-103
Edition 2, March 2013

Petroleum related manned underwater operations


inshore

This NORSOK standard is developed with broad petroleum industry participation by interested parties in the
Norwegian petroleum industry and is owned by the Norwegian petroleum industry represented by the Norwegian
Oil and Gas Association and the Federation of Norwegian Industries. Please note that whilst every effort has been
made to ensure the accuracy of this NORSOK standard, neither the Norwegian Oil and Gas Association nor the
Federation of Norwegian Industries or any of their members will assume liability for any use thereof. Standards
Norway is responsible for the administration and publication of this NORSOK standard.
Standards Norway
Strandveien 18, P.O. Box 242
N-1326 Lysaker
NORWAY

Telephone: + 47 67 83 86 00
Fax: + 47 67 83 86 01
Email: petroleum@standard.no
Website: www.standard.no/petroleum

Copyrights reserved
NORSOK. Any enquiries regarding reproduction should be addressed to Standard Online AS. www.standard.no

NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013

Foreword

Introduction

Scope

Normative and informative references


2.1
Normative references
2.2
Informative references

3
3
4

Terms, definitions and abbreviations


3.1
Terms and definitions
3.2
Abbreviations

4
4
7

Administrative requirements
4.1
General
4.2
Documentation
4.3
Compliance, deviations and dispensations
4.4
Document availability
4.5
Reporting and notification

7
7
7
8
8
8

Safety, health and environment (SHE) requirements


5.1
General
5.2
Diving doctor
5.3
First aid
5.4
Threshold values for pO2 and O2 exposure

9
9
9
9
9

Personnel and crew requirements


6.1
General
6.2
Familiarisation
6.3
Requirements for personnel
6.4
Minimum crew without TUP
6.5
Minimum crew with TUP
6.6
MUO at large plants
6.7
Saturation diving/bell diving

9
9
9
10
11
11
11
11

Technical requirements
7.1
Requirements for diving systems
7.2
Respiratory equipment
7.3
Equipment/tools requirements

11
11
12
14

Operational requirements
8.1
General
8.2
Mobilisation/demobilisation
8.3
Diving procedures
8.4
Monitoring
8.5
Communication
8.6
Control of breathing gas

14
14
14
15
15
16
16

Emergency preparedness requirements

17

Annex A (Normative) Forms

18

Annex B (Normative) Medical equipment to be held at the site of inshore MUO

24

Annex C (Informative) Examples on how to calculate bail-out gas and equivalent air depth

25

Annex D (Informative) First aid and diving medicine training Air Diving Supervisors inshore

28

NORSOK 2013

NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013

Foreword
The NORSOK standards are developed by the Norwegian petroleum industry to ensure adequate safety,
value adding and cost effectiveness for petroleum industry developments and operations. Furthermore,
NORSOK standards are, as far as possible, intended to replace oil company specifications and serve as
references in the authorities regulations.
The NORSOK standards are normally based on recognised international standards, adding the provisions
deemed necessary to fill the broad needs of the Norwegian petroleum industry. Where relevant, NORSOK
standards will be used to provide the Norwegian industry input to the international standardisation process.
Subject to development and publication of international standards, the relevant NORSOK standard will be
withdrawn.
The NORSOK standards are developed according to the consensus principle generally applicable for most
standards work and according to established procedures defined in NORSOK A-001.
The NORSOK standards are prepared and published with support by Norwegian Oil and Gas Association,
The Federation of Norwegian Industries, Norwegian Shipowners Association and The Petroleum Safety
Authority Norway.
NORSOK standards are administered and published by Standards Norway.

Introduction
This NORSOK standard is the result of an industry-wide effort to establish a standard for inshore petroleum
related MUOs.

Scope

This NORSOK standard defines basic requirements for personnel, equipment and systems for petroleum
related MUO and caisson work inshore.

Normative and informative references

The following standards include provisions and guidelines which, through reference in this text, constitute
provisions and guidelines of this NORSOK standard. Latest issue of the references shall be used unless
otherwise agreed. Other recognized standards may be used provided it can be shown that they meet the
requirements of the referenced standards.

2.1

Normative references

AODC 035
DNV OS-E402
EN 15333-1
EN 15333-2
ISO 6385

ISO/CIE 8995
NORSOK S-006
NORSOK U-100
NORSOK U-101
NDTT
NLIA 361
NUI 2008-07

NORSOK 2013

(IMCA) Code of Practice for the Safe Use of Electricity Under Water
DnV Offshore standard for diving systems
Respiratory equipment Open-circuit umbilical supplied compressed gas diving
apparatus Part 1: Demand apparatus
Respiratory equipment Open-circuit umbilical supplied compressed gas diving
apparatus Part 2: Free flow apparatus
Ergonomic principles in design of work systems, (corresponds to NS EN 614-1
Maskinsikkerhet Ergonomiske prinsipper for konstruksjon Del 1: Terminologi og
generelle prinsipper
Lighting of indoor work places
HSE evaluation of contractors
Manned underwater operations
Diving Respiratory Equipment
Norwegian Diving and Treatment Tables, ISBN:82-992411-3-8
The Norwegian Labour Inspection Authority. Administrative standards for contamination
in the working atmosphere, (in Norwegian). Ordering no. 361.
Ndluft i standard dykkehjelm (Emergency air in heavy helmet)

NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013

2.2

Informative references

NUI 2007-09
OGP 411
NORSOK U-103
IMCA D020 IMCA
DMAC 11

Stydempning i standard dykkehjelm (Noise reduction in heavy helmet)


Diving Recommended Practice
Petroleum related manned underwater operations inshore
Scheme for Recognition of Diver Medic Training Guidance for Training Establishments
Provision of First Aid and the Training of Divers, Supervisors and Members of Dive
Teams in First Aid

Terms, definitions and abbreviations

For the purposes of this NORSOK standard, the following terms, definitions and abbreviations apply.

3.1

Terms and definitions

2.1.1
can
verbal form used for statements of possibility and capability, whether material, physical or casual
2.1.2
caisson work
work operations where personnel are exposed to changes in ambient pressure, e.g. tunnel workers passing
from one atmosphere to another
2.1.3
Contractor
company which carries out or arranges for the carrying out of MUO at inshore petroleum related plants and
installations
2.1.4
diving basket
part of the diving winch where the underwater worker(s) can stand/sit safely and in an ergonomically correct
manner
2.1.5
diving winch
appliance used to transport underwater worker(s) between the sea and the diving platform, as well as to
stabilise underwater worker(s) during in-water decompression
NOTE The diving winch will normally consist of the following elements: diving basket, crane/lift unit, fastenings, wires, chain etc., and
will be certified as one unit.

2.1.6
equivalent air depth
EAD
depth at which air would provide the same nitrogen partial pressure as the actual nitrox mix at a given depth
2.1.7
first aid course
training courses meeting the requirements for first aid training for inshore diver as per NORSOK U-103lmask
2.1.8
free-flow helmet
diving helmet where the breathing gas circulates freely in helmet and/or suit, and does not have any oral
nasalmask
2.1.9
heavy free-flow helmet
free-flow helmet connected to dry suit (e.g. Siebe Gorman and MarkV)
2.1.10
heavy helmet equipment
complete personal diver eqipment package including heavy free-flow helmet, dry suit, chest plate and heavy
boots (also called Standard gear, John Brown rig or Hard-hat equipment)
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NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013

2.1.11
inshore MUO
MUO carried out inside territorial waters (normally within 12 n miles or 19,25 km from shore), including docks,
harbours, canals, culverts, rivers, estuaries, lakes, reservoirs, dams, flooded tunnels, and tanks
2.1.12
light free-flow helmet
free-flow helmet where there is no open connection to the suit where gas can move in or out
2.1.13
light MUO winch
device for use in water only and which is not required to meet requirements/certification for personnel
transport
2.1.14
manned underwater operation
MUO
activity when humans stay below the surface and/or exposed to increased ambient pressure
2.1.15
may
verbal form used to indicate a course of action permissible within the limits of this NORSOK standard

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NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013


2.1.16
metre of sea water
msw
pressure unit equal to 10 kPa (making 10 msw exactly 1 bar or 100 kPa), implies a relative density of 1,01972
2.1.17
nitrox
a gas mixture of oxygen and nitrogen
2.1.18
non-compliance
inadequate compliance with specified requirements
2.1.19
Operator
oil company, responsible as the obligated party
2.1.20
petroleum related inshore MUO
inshore MUO carried out in connection with petroleum installations, exploration and pipeline works
2.1.21
shall
verbal form used to indicate requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to this NORSOK standard
and from which no deviation is permitted, unless accepted by all involved parties
2.1.22
should
verbal form used to indicate that among several possibilities one is recommended as particularly suitable,
without mentioning or excluding others, or that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily
required
2.1.23
standby diver
underwater worker who is dressed and ready to assist immediately in an emergency situation
2.1.24
surface oriented diving
diving operation where the underwater worker enters and leaves the water at normal ambient pressure
2.1.25
transfer under pressure
TUP
intervention method used in non-saturation diving shallower than 50 msw, where the underwater workers are
transferred from their working depth to a surface decompression chamber in a closed bell maintaining
pressure greater or equal to the first decompression stop
NOTE By removing in-water decompression-stops, surface intervals and re-compression, TUP is generally considered as a healthier,
safer and more efficient alternative to other traditional surface supplied air/nitrox diving techniques (in-water decompression-stops and
SD). The term TUP has different meaning in different contexts. Sometimes it is used for any process where underwater workers are
kept at a pressure above the surrounding, while they move or are moved. In other cases the term is used to designate the facility that is
used for the transfer, e.g. the bell or a special surface chamber used by the underwater workers passing from the bell to another
chamber.

2.1.26
underwater worker (diver)
person holding a diving certificate and a valid medical certificate issued by an approved authority or by
institutions/organizations accredited by an approved authority
2.1.27
verification
confirmation based on the examining and collecting of objective proof of compliance with specified
requirements

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NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013

3.2
AODC
CE
CO2
DNV
EAD
EN
HAZID
HAZOP
HBO
IMCA
ISO
msw
MUO
NDTT
NLIA
NUI
O2
OGP
OTU
pCO2
pO2
ROV
RUH
SJA
SD
SDO2
SHE
STPD
TUP

Abbreviations
Association of Offshore Diving Contractors (NOTE: Now part of IMCA)
Communaut Europenne
carbon dioxide
Det Norske Veritas (The Norwegian Veritas)
equivalent air depth
European Standard
hazard identication
hazard and operability studies
hyperbaric oxygen
The International Marine Contractors Association (former AODC)
International Organization for Standardization
metre of sea water
manned underwater operation
Norwegian diving and treatment tables
The Norwegian Labour Inspection Authority
Norwegian Underwater Intervention AS
oxygen
International Association of Oil & Gas Producers
O2-tolerance unit
partial pressure of CO2
partial pressure of O2
remotely operated vehicle
report on an undesirable incident
safe job analysis
surface decompression
SD using O2
safety, health and environment
standard temperature and pressure - dry
transfer under pressure

Administrative requirements

4.1

General

If there are safety aspects not covered in this NORSOK standard, an independent responsibility to maintain
the safety level indicated by this NORSOK standard is imposed on anyone engaged in MUO.
Inshore MUO covered by this NORSOK standard is subject to the national authority requirements, statutes
and regulations that apply in the area in which the MUO is to take place.
Contractor shall submit a compliance assessment, which identifies compliance and any non-compliances
between the requirements of the local authorities and this NORSOK standard. Any non-compliances shall be
dealt with in accordance with 4.3.
Where a specific standard is referred in the text of this NORSOK standard, the requirements of that standard
are to be regarded as the recommended, preferred solution.
Contractor shall be qualified by Operator.
This NORSOK standard shall be included in all enquiries and contracts for inshore petroleum related MUOs.
NOTE Commercial pre-qualification entails registration in the Achilles database in accordance with the applicable requirements. The
requirement for registration in Achilles applies to direct suppliers to Operator only and contracts valued at more than NOK 3,2 million.

4.2

Documentation

All documentation shall as a minimum satisfy the applicable national authority requirements.

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NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013


Contractor shall describe all activities that are directly or indirectly involved in the work, either in the actual
execution of the operation or in support of its safe and efficient performance. Examples of necessary
supporting activities include
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)

risk analyses (HAZID, HAZOP, SJA etc.),


health services (responsible diving doctor etc.),
safety delegate service (established safety delegate organisation etc.),
emergency response system (notification plans, drills etc.),
system for planned maintenance,
system for collecting and storing diver-exposure data,
limits for monitoring parameters, including early warning, to be approved by Contractors diving doctor.

4.3

Compliance, deviations and dispensations

Deviations and dispensations shall first be processed and approved internally by Contractor.
Contractor shall forward all non-compliances to Operator for acceptance. Only non-compliances accepted by
Operator can be forwarded to the authorities as an application for exemption. Dispensations have to be
granted by the parties involved, including representatives from the diving personnel, their safety delegates
and the Operator. A risk analysis shall be performed.

4.4

Document availability

Contractor shall have a system that ensures that the applicable version of relevant documentation is available
at the operation site, and that this documentation is continuously revised. The relevant documentation shall
be reviewed by the diving superintendent, diving supervisor, diving doctor and the safety delegate. On
request, Contractor shall also submit a copy of the documentation to Operator for consideration and
acceptance.
Contractor shall inform Operator of all planned changes to diving-related documentation that take place
during the contract period. Operator shall accept the changes prior to their implementation.
Contractor shall present
a) a compliance matrix based on this NORSOK standard and relevant regulations, in accordance with UCM31 of Annex A,
b) a plan for the handling of any non-compliances through implementing corrective actions or alternative
solutions (alternative solutions shall be based on documented analyses covering all relevant aspects),
c) a description of the diving methods planned to be used during the operation,
d) assessment of whether saturation diving and/or TUP could be applied if the MUO lasts for more than one
month with depth continuously exceeding 25 msw,
e) outline of Contractors applicable document structure,
f) a plan describing the internal auditory activities intended to ensure that legal and contractual
requirements are met.

4.5

Reporting and notification

4.5.1

Operational reporting

4.5.1.1

Daily report

Copies of all logs and reports shall be made available to Operators representative on request.
4.5.1.2

Weekly report

Contractor shall send Operator weekly statistics of the previous weeks and the projects accumulated data in
accordance with URF-31 of Annex A.
4.5.1.3 Experience report
st
If Contractor have had contract with Operator during the calendar year he shall within January 31 following
year, submit to Operator an experience report, see URF-32 of Annex A. For projects with duration more than
14 working days, Contractor shall additionally within three weeks after completion of work, submit to Operator
an experience report for the actual project, also according to URF-32 of Annex A.
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NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013

These reports shall be prepared in cooperation with the safety delegate and Contractors diving doctor.
Relevant matters and factors relating to safety, occupational hygiene, equipment and operational experience
shall be assessed and included.
4.5.2

Reporting of accidents, near-misses, non-compliances, failures and damage/injury

Contractor shall have a reporting system that ensures that all undesirable incidents such as accidents, nearmisses, quality non-compliances, material damage and equipment failure etc. are reported, registered and
dealt with by Contractor.
4.5.3

Notification

Operator shall be notified immediately of any serious injuries to personnel and any serious near misses. For
all other injuries and near misses Operator shall be informed as soon as possible and always within 12 hrs.
For MUO related incidents notification shall also be given through the emergency response line. Operator
shall also be given copies of all reports from Contractor to the authorities.

Safety, health and environment (SHE) requirements

5.1

General

Data and statistics relating to SHE shall be used systematically to achieve continuous improvement of the
planning and performance of the operations covered by this NORSOK standard.
Contractor shall meet the SHE requirements set out in NORSOK S-006. Noise level shall be as required in
relevant parts of NORSOK U-100, 5.2.2.6, and for the breathing gas generated (self-induced) noise
EN 15333-2, 5.20.

5.2

Diving doctor

Contractors organization shall include a qualified doctor specialized in diving medicine. The diving doctor
shall give advice in matters of ergonomics, physiology, medicine and hygiene relevant for underwater
workers health and safety. The doctor shall approve the health-related aspects of Contractors MUO manual.
There shall be a job description for the doctor.

5.3

First aid

Contractor shall have first aid equipment minimum to the specifications given in Annex B. There shall be
sufficient O2 for treatment of an ill or injured underwater worker until public health service can take over the
responsibility. First aid equipment shall be approved by Operators diving doctor.

5.4

Threshold values for pO2 and O2 exposure

Threshold values for pO2 and O2 exposure given in NDTT shall be adhered to. See Annex C for examples of
calculation.

Personnel and crew requirements

6.1

General

All personnel directly or indirectly involved in a MUO shall be familiar with the applicable operation
procedures, emergency procedures, emergency response plans, reporting routines, RUH etc. that are
relevant to the function of the person in question, and be trained and certified in accordance with recognised
norms where such exist.
Contractor shall document that the personnel are familiar with the emergency procedures prior to start of
MUO.

6.2

Familiarisation

Contractor shall have a system to ensure that personnel participating in operations have been given
adequate training before actively participating in the operation.
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NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013

Familiarisation shall be carried out in accordance with a pre-planned programme and it shall be possible to
document it. The programme shall include operation of chamber.

6.3
6.3.1

Requirements for personnel


Diving superintendent

This position is required under the conditions described in 6.6. The diving superintendent shall as a minimum
be a qualified diving supervisor.
6.3.2

Diving supervisor

The diving supervisor shall lead all MUO from the surface. The diving supervisor shall be appointed by
Contractor in writing and have the following qualifications:
a) comply with the requirements for an assistant diving supervisor;
b) have at least one work year of practical experience as an assistant air diving supervisor. At least 200 hrs
of this practical experience shall have been served at an air diving control panel;
c) have carried out at least 200 commercial dives;
d) have completed advanced first aid training (ref Annex D), and have received management training;
e) have passed the examination for air diving supervisors.
f) introductory DP-course if a DP vessel is directly engaged in the dive operation;
g) thorough knowledge of Operators requirements and Contractors procedures, equipment, routines and
the work tasks to be carried out.
6.3.3

Assistant diving supervisor

A dive team shall also include an assistant diving supervisor. . The assistant supervisor shall have the
following qualifications:
a) be a qualified surface oriented diver;
b) be at least 24 years of age;
c) have at least two years practical experience as a commercial diver and have carried out at least 100
commercial dives;
d) have undergone a training course at a qualified institution and have completed the final examination for
assistant air diving supervisors.
e) introductory DP-course and minimum 25 commercial dives from a DP vessel if a DP vessel is directly
engaged in the dive operation;
f) thorough knowledge of Operators requirements and Contractor's procedures, equipment and routines.
6.3.4

Underwater workers (divers)

Underwater workers shall have an approved diving certificate and a valid medical certificate appropriate to
the nature of the work and the equipment being used.
When special tasks require special training, the qualifications of the underwater worker shall be documented.
6.3.5

Standby diver

The standby diver shall have the same qualifications as underwater workers and be familiar with the relevant
rescue techniques.
6.3.6

Technical personnel

Personnel carrying out maintenance of diving systems and equipment shall have documented, relevant
training for the tasks to be performed.

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6.3.7

Diving assistant

The diving assistant shall have the minimum theoretical knowledge required for an underwater worker and be
able to
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

run the dive,


help the underwater worker with tools and equipment,
see that the safety of the underwater worker is well maintained,
run a SD,
initiate treatment of underwater worker in agreement with medical doctor.

6.4

Minimum crew without TUP

The minimum crew shall consist of


a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

one diving supervisor,


one assistant diving supervisor,
one underwater worker,
one standby diver,
one diver assistant.

6.5

Minimum crew with TUP

The minimum crew shall consist of


a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

one diving supervisor,


one assistant diving supervisor,
two underwater workers,
one standby diver,
one diver assistant.

All shall be formally qualified to NORSOK U-100, B.2, or equivalent and be qualified for diving from closed
bells. See also OGP 411.

6.6

MUO at large plants

At large, complicated plants where MUO activities are affected by other activities (e.g. boat traffic, blasting,
dumping of sediment, crane lifts etc.), the minimum crew shall be extended with a diving superintendent. The
diving superintendent shall participate in the plants daily management meetings where the diving
superintendent can receive and give information affecting the safety of the MUO.

6.7

Saturation diving/bell diving

For saturation diving/bell diving, relevant parts of NORSOK U-100 shall apply.

Technical requirements

7.1

Requirements for diving systems

7.1.1

General

Diving systems and equipment shall be constructed in accordance with recognised standards such as
ISO 6385 and ISO/CIE 8995. Equipment for which certification is not required shall be tested by a competent
person or institution in accordance with a recognised standard. Such testing shall be documented.
7.1.2

Hyperbaric chambers

All chambers shall be in compliance with the technical requirements in DNV OS-E402 or an equivalent
standard. Chamber systems to be used for planned SD should be certified by classifying society. A class
certificate is required for all new systems (after 2011-01-01). All chambers shall be twin lock type and the
main chamber shall be at least 1,8 m long.
During operations involving planned SD or with use of TUP, the chamber shall have a minimum interior
diameter of 1,8 m.
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For other MUO, and when the hyperbaric chamber is on standby only, a smaller hyperbaric chamber (standby
chamber) may be approved by Operator. The standby chamber should have an interior diameter of at least
1,4 m. The main chamber shall be equipped and designed so that a doctor/assistant can efficiently carry out
any first-aid required.
When using the standby chamber, permission shall be obtained from Operator before commencing the
operation.
7.1.3
Diving bells
For TUP the closed diving bell shall be designed for minimum 2 underwater workers, and have a minimum
3
volume of 2,5 m .
7.1.4

Handling systems

7.1.4.1

General

It shall be considered whether a diver lift is needed. When using a diver lift, there shall be direct
communication between the diving supervisor and the lift operator. All lifting appliances for underwater
workers shall be certified for man riding.
Diver lift or light diving winch shall be used for
a) all dives with planned decompression stops,
b) all dives deeper than 20 msw,
c) all dives with hazard of fall under water (helmet squeeze).
7.1.4.2

Certified diver lift

A diver lift shall be used when


a) surface decompression is planned,
b) heavy helmet equipment is used (see 8.3.3) and the distance between the surface of the water and the
deck of the diving platform is greater than 1,5 m.
Diver lifts require that winches are certified as man riding winches relating to personnel transport. The diving
basket, crane/lift unit, fastenings, wires, chain etc. shall be certified as one unit.
7.1.4.3

Diving bells

Handling systems for diving bells to be used for TUP shall include means of safe guidance through the
surface of the water. The design load for the facility shall be calculated on the basis of maximum loads under
specified maximum operational limits. The design load shall be at least twice the maximum static load. Ship
motions shall be taken into consideration when estimating the maximum operational limits.
The handling facility shall be secured against uncontrolled pay-out as a result of technical failure, i.e. be
equipped with automatically applied mechanical breaking devices providing primary and secondary
protection. The facility shall also be equipped with limit switches preventing the handling outside defined
limits.
Handlings systems for diving bells to be used for saturation diving shall comply with NORSOK U-100.

7.2
7.2.1

Respiratory equipment
General

Respiratory equipment shall comply with NORSOK U-101 or applicable harmonized EN standard and be
CE marked.
7.2.2

Gas supply system

It shall be possible to document that gas supply systems deliver sufficient gas volume and pressure to satisfy
the requirements set by the manufacturer of the respiratory equipment used.
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Sufficient sources of gas, of breathing quality, shall be available and suitably arranged so that if the on line
supply to the underwater worker fails, an alternative supply can be immediately switched on. Failure of the
supply line to one underwater worker shall not interfere with the supply to another.
All parts of the gas system, bail-out included, shall be properly O2 cleaned when used for gas mixes
containing 25 % O2 or more.
7.2.3

Helmets/masks

Umbilical-supplied demand-regulator-systems shall comply with EN 15333-1 and free-flow systems with
EN 15333-2.
The spare gas system shall be in accordance with NUI 2008-07 or documented better.
Noise levels shall be in accordance with the requirements in 5.1.
NOTE A recommended method for noise reduction is described in NUI 2007-09.

7.2.4

Emergency gas stores

All calculations used to qualify the volume of emergency gas stores shall be based on a respiratory minute
volume (available, breathable gas) of 62,5 l/min at ambient pressure.
7.2.5

Bail-out

The underwater worker shall carry a spare supply of breathing gas (bail-out) with a capacity sufficient to allow
the underwater worker to reach a place of safety and at least with 10 min of breathing at the maximum
planned work depth.
7.2.6

Emergency gas stores for surface-supplied diving

A sufficient store of breathing gas shall be available at the site to ensure that the underwater worker can be
brought to the surface, including any decompression from the maximum depth planned for the dive. The
spare (emergency) gas supply shall be isolated from the normal supply and the minimum volume shall be
twice that of the dives planned gas consumption.
7.2.7

Reserve gas bank

In addition there shall be a separate reserve bank available for the stand by diver, with the same capacity as
the diving banks.
7.2.8

Emergency gas supply when using a hyperbaric chamber

There shall be sufficient gas supply for the planned operation, plus a minimum spare supply sufficient to blow
down the chamber to 50 msw. There shall be at least two separate gas supplies/sources that can be used for
chamber atmosphere compression.
There shall be sufficient O2 for the planned surface decompression dive (20 l/min at 1 bar pr. underwater
worker). In addition there shall be sufficient O2 to carry out treatment table 6 of NDTT for two underwater
workers (20 l/min at 1 bar 20 000 n litre.) The O2 shall be stored in two separate banks.
7.2.9
Marking of the umbilical line
The divers umbilical shall be marked as follows:
5 m: 1 red ring around the umbilical
10 m: 1 black ring around the umbilical
50 m: 1 wide black ring around the umbilical
EXAMPLES

15 m are marked with 1 red and 1 black ring, and 45 m are marked with 1 red and 4 black rings.

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7.3
7.3.1

Equipment/tools requirements
General

All tools used in connection with MUO shall be assessed with a view to safe responsible use. Necessary
procedures and safety measures shall be implemented where called for by the conditions or situation.
Equipment shall be subject to functional testing before use.
All power-operated tools shall be equipped with a dead mans switch which automatically isolates or shuts
down the power supply when the underwater worker releases the control handle. Emergency stop can
alternatively be placed by the dive supervisor when adequate. Tools shall also be evaluated according to
relevant regulations.
7.3.2

Electrical equipment

All use of electricity during MUO shall comply with AODC 035, or equivalent.
7.3.3

Maintenance

Contractor shall have an established maintenance system for equipment that as a minimum meets the
following requirements:
a) documented maintenance procedures/ routines;
b) detailed maintenance logs;
c) check lists with function checks.

Operational requirements

8.1

General

Gas mixes containing 25 % O2 or more shall be considered as pure O2 with regard to fire and explosion, and
be treated thereafter and systems intended for such mixes shall be O2 clean.
A standby diver shall always be appointed. During the MUO, the standby diver shall be fully dressed (mask
off) and, irrespective of the diving method/equipment or other factors, be capable of entering the water within
1 min.
A hyperbaric chamber shall be available at the worksite.
For special circumstances/conditions, Contractor may apply to Operator for approval to place the hyperbaric
chamber in an alternative location. The application shall be based on a detailed evaluation of the operation.
The transport time to the standby chamber shall never exceed 2 hrs.
Transportation shall not be based on air travel and shall be independent of weather conditions and other
unpredictable factors. Procedures and emergency response plans shall take account of the alternative
chamber location.

8.2
8.2.1

Mobilisation/demobilisation
General

Contractor shall have a documented system ensuring that the mobilisation of personnel and equipment is
systematic and in accordance with requirements. This shall be confirmed with plant management before
MUO is commenced, and the checklist in UCL-31 of Annex A shall be filled in and signed.
If equipment supplied/paid for by Operator is used, Contractor shall prepare a demobilisation plan that covers
inspection, maintenance, storage if applicable, and return of such equipment.

NORSOK 2013

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NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013

8.2.2

Verification before start-up

Before the start-up of MUO, Contractor shall ensure and document that all equipment to be used is in
compliance with applicable requirements.
Any restrictions relating to equipment shall be stated in the operation procedures for the equipment or
system.

8.3
8.3.1

Diving procedures
Scuba diving

Scuba diving shall not be utilised, provided that it is practically possible to utilise other diving methods. If the
conditions are such that it is not possible to use other diving methods, scuba diving may be used. In such
case, thorough risk analyses shall be carried out and used as the basis for the preparation of procedures.
Emergency procedures and emergency response shall be emphasised.
Operators written consent shall be obtained before such diving can be commenced.
8.3.2

Surface-supplied diving

In relation to surface-supplied diving, a distinction is made between diving without planned decompression
stop(s) and in-water, surface or TUP decompression.
All MUO shall be planned and carried out in accordance with NDTT, but adhering to the restrictions of
maximum bottom time exposure limits given in Table 1.
Table 1 Maximum bottom times limitations for SDO2, in-water decompression and TUP
decompression (from NDTT)
Depth (msw)

0 -12

15

18

21

24

27

30

33

36

39

42

45

48

51

SDO2 and in-water


(min)
TUP (min)

240

180

120

90

70

60

50

40

35

30

30

25

25

20

240

240

180

180

180

130

110

95

85

75

65

60

55

50

After three days of MUO the underwater worker shall not dive, or dive to maximum 9 msw (EAD), for one day.
When using nitrox, the maximum allowed bottom time shall be calculated from EAD. Decompression stops
when using nitrox and where the bottom time exceeds the bottom time exposure limit for the actual diving
depth, shall nevertheless be carried out in accordance to table depth equal or deeper than the maximal actual
diving depth, see Annex C, example 6.
Dive computers shall not be used to calculate and/or control decompression and/or depth profiles.
8.3.3

Saturation diving/ bell diving

For inshore saturation diving/ bell diving, relevant parts of NORSOK U-100 shall be adhered to.

8.4
8.4.1

Monitoring
General

Equipment which allows for the control and monitoring of important parameters in accordance with NORSOK
U-100, 8.3, shall be utilized.

NORSOK 2013

15

NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013

8.4.2
Depth monitoring
The underwater-workers depth and elapsed time shall be continuously monitored with the help of an
electronic depth monitoring system. The electronic sensor shall be placed on the worker. It shall be possible
for the diving supervisor to read the data continuously. The following data shall be saved electronically:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)

operation depth (water and chamber, see NOTE);


maximum depth (water and chamber, see NOTE);
bottom time;
total time in water;
surface interval, see NOTE;
total time in chamber, see NOTE;
total dive time (from normal pressure till normal pressure).

NOTE In connection with SD.

Data shall be stored for the entire contract period and made available to Operator if required.
For shallow underwater work, where it is possible to maintain the depth monitoring in other ways and if the
electronic depth monitoring is impractical, Operator may approve alternative solutions. Applications shall be
based on a detailed evaluation of the operation and with compensational measures given.
8.4.3

Visual monitoring

When in the water, the underwater worker shall either be equipped with a camera or monitored by a ROV.
8.4.4

Monitoring of the chamber

The following shall be monitored when using a chamber:


a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)

visual monitoring of all the chambers compartments from the operators position;
internal pressure (depth);
relative humidity;
pO2;
pCO2;
temperature.

If a) is not possible without the operator leaving the control panel, video monitoring shall be used and it shall
be recorded and stored together with the communication, see 8.5.

8.5

Communication

A communication system that clearly communicates speech and breathing sounds from the underwater
worker, without interference, shall be used. This also applies to chambers and scuba diving.
At facilities where several people are able to communicate with the underwater worker, the diving supervisor
shall have control of all communication and be able to interrupt non-essential communication if necessary.
All communication with the underwater worker while under pressure shall be recorded and stored for at least
24 hrs. In the event of undesirable incidents, the recordings shall be kept and made available in connection
with any investigations/inquiries.
In cases where equipment such as cranes, ROVs etc. are used in connection with MUO, direct lines of
communication shall be established between the diving supervisor and the operator of the equipment.

8.6

Control of breathing gas

A system shall be established to ensure that the underwater worker receives breathing gas of satisfactory
quality at all times. As a minimum, breathing gas from compressors, gas banks, etc. shall be checked at least
monthly. Partial pressures of contaminants shall not exceed levels in NLIA 361.
Premixed gas shall be checked on site before use.

NORSOK 2013

16

NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013


If online mixing of gas is used, a monitoring system with alarm functions shall be used to continuously
monitor the O2 content of the breathing gas.
If a closed or semi-closed breathing system is used, O2 and CO2 shall be continuously monitored.

Emergency preparedness requirements

Notification routines, emergency and treatment procedures, including the transportation of injured underwater
workers, shall be configured for each individual workplace.
Where to find the approved diving doctors, local health services and local hospitals, and localization of the
pressure chambers for HBO treatment shall be known. List of approved diving doctors in Norway is found on
the homepage of the Chief County Medical officer in Rogaland.
In Norway when calling 113 one will be connected on to the nearest diving doctor or Diving doctor on call.
Diving doctor on call in Bergen has a national advisory role and may be reached directly by calling:
+47 55 36 45 00.
In the event of an emergency, there shall be a plan for evacuation of personnel under pressure to a safe
place. The emergency preparedness plan shall include a description of the procedure for evacuation, and
how to bring the personnel back to atmospheric pressure.
The evacuation method of ill/injured underwater worker shall be documented. Contractor shall describe how
an unconscious underwater worker can be lifted out of the water. When a contingency chamber is required,
the underwater worker shall be in the chamber ready for recompression within 10 min after surfacing. Prior to
start-up of MUO, drills evaluating the chosen evacuation method shall be performed. For assignments of
longer duration a plan for regular drills on emergency procedures shall be established.

NORSOK 2013

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NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013

Annex A
(Normative)
Forms

URF-31
URF-32
UCL-31
UCM-31

Weekly report
Experience report
Check list for coordination
Compliance Matrix

NORSOK 2013

18

NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013

NORSOK
U-103
Edition 1
Petroleum related
manned underwater
operations (MUO)
inshore

Report form (RF)

Operator:

Year:

URF-31
Ed. 1
Page 1 of 1

Weekly report

Week No.:

Contractor:

Project:

Place:

Date:

Subject

Value this week

Accumulated value for


this year/project

Number of dives
Number of dives with decompression in water
Number of dives with decompression in chamber
Total time spent in chamber (min)
Bottom time (min)
Total diving time spent in water (min)
Working hours for project personnel related to
MUO (h)
Working days, including mobilizing/demobilizing (d)
Number of SJAs
Number of drills related to MUO
Number of RUHs related to MUO activities
Number of injuries/accidents
Comments:

Responsible
leader:

NORSOK 2013

Sign.

19

NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013

NORSOK
U-103
Edition 1
Petroleum related
manned underwater
operations (MUO)
inshore
Operator:

Experience report
Report form (RF)

URF-32
Ed. 1
Page 1 of 2

Annual for all contractors and for each


project of more than 14 working days
duration
Contractor:
Project/year:

Place:

Date:

Experience
Project (s)
Type of assignment

Experience from
familiarisation

Experience from
mobilisation/demobilisation

Diving method and tools


used

SHE aspects

Working environment

Recommendations

Additional comments

NORSOK 2013

20

NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013

NORSOK
U-103
Edition 1
Petroleum related
manned underwater
operations (MUO)
inshore

Experience report
(continued)

URF-32
Ed. 1
Page 2 of 2

Annual for all contractors and for each project


of more than 14 working days duration
Statistical summary

Total

Number of dives
Number of dives with decompression in water
Number of dives with decompression in chamber
Total time spent in chamber (min)
Bottom time (min)
Total diving time spent in water (min)
Working hours for project personnel related to MUO (h)
Working days, including mobilizing/demobilizing (d)
Number of SJAs
Number of drills related to MUO
Number of RUHs related to MUO activities
Number of injuries/accidents
Signature: Responsible
supervisor

NORSOK 2013

Signature: Safety delegate

Signature: Diving doctor

21

NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013

NORSOK
U-103
Edition 1
Petroleum related
manned underwater
operations (MUO)
inshore

Check list (CL)


for coordination between the
MUO station and main plant

Operator:

Contractor:

Project:

Main plant:

MUO station:

Date:
Status
Checked Not
Not apOK
checked plicable

Checklist for MUO station


1

Safe Job Analysis (SJA) performed

Work permit obtained

Plant management notified of MUO

Harbour master informed

Water quality i.e. contamination?

Parallel activities:

6a

- sluices, lock gate operation etc

6b

- pumps

6c

- boat traffic

6d

- crane operations

6e

- pile driving operations

6f

- blasting

6g

- traffic at plant (dump trucks, excavators)

6h

- securing loose sediments

UCL-31
Ed. 1
Page 1 of 1

Sign.

Other matters:

7a
7b
7c
Comments:

Diving superintendent / supervisor


Signature:

NORSOK 2013

Plant management
Signature:

22

NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013

NORSOK
U-103
Edition 1
Petroleum related
manned underwater
operations (MUO)
inshore

Compliance matrix
(CM)

Operator:

Contractor:

Revision:

Date:

Clause/

Requirement

Project:

Prepared by:
c/
nc

UCM-31
Ed. 1
Page 1 of 1

Verified by:

Documentation
(reference etc.)

Description /
Corrective action

Approved by:
Deadline

NORSOK 2013

23

NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013

Annex B
(Normative)
Medical equipment to be held at the site of inshore MUO

B.1

General

The equipment shall be packed ruggedly and appropriately and clearly marked with Frstehjelpsutstyr (First
aid equipment). Equipment stored outside sheltered locations shall be packed in water-protected cases. The
equipment shall be inspected according to a schedule at least monthly.

B.2
1
4
4
1
2
4
5
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

B.3

Minimum equipment
ea
ea
ea
ea
ea
ea
pack
pack
roll
roll
ea
ea
ea
ea
bottle
bx
bx

Pocket mask for rescuer breathing with a spare tubing for O2 supply
Protective (e.g. Latex) glove,Large
Elastic bandage
Ambulance dressing (combined sterile dressing/elastic bandage)
Sterile dressing 20 cm x 40 cm (approximately)
Sterile burn dressing (e.g. metalized, see below) approximately 35 cm x 45 cm
Sterile dressing 10 cm x 10 cm (package containing 2 to 5 dressings)
Adhesive wound dressing
Adhesive tape, 2,5 cm ( ~ 5 m)
Plastic bags (e.g. domestic bags, clear plastic)
Tough cut scissors
Forceps, anatomical, ~ 12 cm
Eye rinsing bottle
Flashlight (preferably high-intensity penlight or similar.)
Skin disinfectant (e.g. Chlorhexidine 1 mg/ml) 100 ml
Paracetamol tablets 500 mg, 20 ea
Nose decongestants (Nasal drops, minims)

O2 therapy unit

There shall be sufficient O2 to allow 60 min treatment, based on 15 l/min ventilation (unless otherwise could
be specifically qualified), i.e. a total supply of 900 n litre. The O2 supply could be divided on multiple bottles,
but the bottles shall have a size that allows transportation with the patient. The unit shall include a demand
regulator as well as an outlet for fixed or adjustable free flow. If the free flow outlet delivers a fixed flow, this
shall be at least 10 l/min.
The unit shall include a mask (Hudson mask) with a gas line that can be connected to the free flow outlet,
and a gas tubing that can be connected between the pocket mask and the free flow outlet.
NOTE There are certain bandages for use on burn wounds (e.g. Water-Jel and Burnshield) with very beneficial properties that
combine cooling, antimicrobial and analgesic properties. Such bandages should be considered for use in projects with increased risk of
burn injuries.

NORSOK 2013

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NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013

Annex C
(Informative)
Examples on how to calculate bail-out gas and equivalent air depth

Some practical examples on how to apply specified clauses of this NORSOK standard are given below.
To 5.4

Threshold values for pO2 and O2 exposure

Example 1
A nitrox dive with staged water decompression is planned with maximum diving depth of 34 m using full face
mask (not free-flow helmet). Which of the standardised nitrox mixtures (32, 36 or 40) are allowed, and what is
the maximum allowed bottom time for the most hyperoxic (highest pO 2) mixture? How should the staged
decompression take place (if staged decompression is required)?
Answer Example 1
P O2 at 34 m with various nitrox mixtures:
Nitrox 32: pO2=0,32 x 4,4 bar = 1,41 bar
Nitrox 36: pO2=0,36 x 4,4 bar = 1,58 bar
Nitrox 40: pO2=0,40 x 4,4 bar = 1,76 bar
When diving with full face mask or light free-flow helmet diving, the maximum pO2 = 1,6 bar (for heavy
free-flow diving (Siebe Gorman) maximum pO2 = 1,8 bar). Nitrox 32 and Nitrox 36 could be used, but not
Nitrox 40. Maximum bottom time for pO2 = 1,6 bar with light free-flow helmet or full face mask is 30 min
(NDTT, page 26, serial 7). EAD is 26 m using Nitrox 36 at the actual diving depth of 34 m. Accordingly a
staged decompression stop shall be completed at 3 m lasting 5 min (NDTT air decompression table,
27 m/30 min).
Example 2
A dive to 24 m is planned with air as the breathing gas, and SDO 2. Maximum allowed exposure is planned
for. Which O2 toxicity dose (in OTU) will this cause?
Answer Example 2
NDTT allow a maximum bottom time of 180 min at 24 m with SDO2. Table 1 Maximum bottom times
limitations for SDO2, in-water decompression and TUP decompression (from NDTT) (see 8.3.2) tabulate a
maximum allowed bottom time of 70 min at this depth. Maximum allowed bottom time is the shortest one of
these two: 70 min.
NDTT stipulate in-water decompression for 2 min at 9 m followed by 17 min of O2 breathing at 12 m.
pO2 breathing air at 24 m: 0,21 x 3,4 bar = 0,71 bar
Pressure dependant constant (kp) for pO2 = 0,71 bar is 0,65
NOTE The pressure dependent constant (kp) is calculated as a function of pO2. A table for estimating kp is printed on page 24, serial
11 in NDDT. In this example, the actual pO2=0,71 bar. kp is calculated based on the closest higher tabulated value of pO2 which in this
example was 0,8 bar.

O2 exposure during immersion: 0,65 x 70 = 46 OTU


pO2 while breathing O2 at 12 m (chamber recompression): 1 x 2,2 bar = 2,2 bar
kp for pO2 = 2,2 bar is 2,77
O2 exposure during the dry/chamber part of the dive: 2,77 x 17 = 47 OTU
Total O2 exposure: 46 OTU + 47 OTU = 93 OTU
This is less than the maximum allowed 300 OTU stipulated as the maximum highest daily exposure.
(2100 OTU/week). O2 exposure during decompression and during air breaks is not included due to the
marginal effects on the final exposure.
NORSOK 2013

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NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013


To 7.2.4 Emergency gas stores and 7.2.5 Bail-out
Minimum requirements for emergency bail-out gas is stipulated in these subclauses. The requirement calls
for a minimum of 10 min of breathing gas based on a ventilatory requirement of 62,5 litre/min at the actual
pressure.
Example 3
A dive to a maximum of 45 m, using air as a breathing gas, is planned for. What is the minimum volume of
the air tanks required for emergency purposes if the tank pressure is 200 bar? Assume that 12 bar is the
lowest usable gas pressure in the tanks. Tanks filled to 200 bar or 300 bar will accordingly have 188 bar and
288 bar available for use to the underwater worker.
Answer Example 3
Ambient pressure at 45 m: 5,5 bar
Ventilation: 62,5 l/min/bar x 10 min x 5,5 bar = 3437,5 litre
Air tank volume required for 200 bar tank: 3437,5 litre / 188 = 18,3 litre
For all practical purposes, the underwater worker should carry a bail-out of 2x10 litre.
Examples for minimum quantity of emergency breathing gas, based on maximum depth are shown in the
table below.
Max depth
21 msw
36 msw
50 msw
To 7.2.6

Tank pressure
200 bar
300 bar
1 x 10 l
1x7l
1 x 15 l
1 x 10 l
2 x 10 l
1 x 15 l

Emergency gas stores for surface supplied diving

The requirements call for sufficient store of breathing gas. This can be interpreted so that for an underwater
worker, using a heavy free-flow helmet and e.g. being lifted to surface or when connected to an alternative
breathing gas source in the water, he shall not get careless, unconscious or react with panic. This condition
can be assumed to occur with pO2<14 kPa and/or pCO2>8 kPa. The requirements do not stipulated the exact
volume of the total breathable volume of the helmet and diving suit, but an average figure for the calculation
could be 46 litres, (underwater worker significantly negatively buoyant on the bottom, as when working hard)
with a range of 36 litres to 66 litres. The respiratory rate 62,5 l/min (see 7.2.4) is normally estimated to
correspond to an O2 consumption of 2,5 l/min (STPD) and for simplicity the CO2 production is set to the
same.
Example 4
A free-flow helmet underwater worker works at 10 m and loses breathing gas supply. How much time will it
take before pO2 and pCO2 reaches threshold value?
Answer Example 4
Available breathable volume of suit: 46 l x 2 bar = 92 litres (STPD)
CO2 content of suit when loosing gas supply: 0 % x 92 l = 0 litres
O2 content of suit when loosing gas supply: 21 % x 92 l = 17,8 litres
CO2 volume of the suit at pCO2 = 0,08 bar (8 kPa): 92 l x (0,08 bar/2 bar) = 3,7 l
O2 volume of the suit at pO2=0,14 bar (14 kPa): 92 l x (0,14 bar/2 bar) = 6,4 l
Time until pCO2 = 0,08 bar: (3,7 0) l/2,5 l/min = 1,5 min
Time until pO2 = 0,14 bar: (17,8 6,4) l/2,5 l/min = 5 min
Example 5
A free-flow helmet underwater worker works at 40 m and experience gas cut. How much time will it take
before pO2 and pCO2 reaches threshold value?

NORSOK 2013

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NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013


Answer Example 5
Available breathable volume in the suit: 46 l x 5 bar = 230 litres (STPD)
CO2 content in the suit when loosing gas supply: 0% x 230 l = 0 litres
O2 content in the suit when loosing gas supply: 21 % x 230 l = 48,3 litres
CO2 volume in the suit at pCO2 = 0,08 bar (8 kPa): 230 x (0,08 bar/5 bar) = 3,7 l
O2 volume in the suit at pO2 = 0,14 bar (14 kPa): 230 l x (0,14 bar/5 bar) = 6,4 l
Time until pCO2 = 0,08 bar: (3,7 0) l /2,5 l/min = 1,5 min
Time until pO2 = 0,14 bar: (48,3 6,4) l /2,5 l/min = 17 min
To 8.3.2

Surface-supplied diving

Example 6
A dive to 28 m using a heavy free-flow helmet is planned for. How long bottom time is allowed using air as the
breathing gas? What is the maximum allowed bottom time using nitrox as a breathing gas? How should the
decompression be executed?
Answer Example 6
Maximum allowed bottom time at 28 m using air is 50 min (Table 1 Maximum bottom times limitations for
SDO2, in-water decompression and TUP decompression (from NDTT) (see 8.3.2). This could either be done
using staged in-water decompression using the standard air table (NDTT) for 30 m/50 min (a total of 30 min
decompression in water) or with SDO2 according to the table (NDTT) for 30 m/50 min (3 min in-water
decompression followed by 17 min of O2 breathing at 12 m in the chamber).
When considering nitrox, the maximum allowed pO2 should not be exceeded. Maximum allowed pO2 with
heavy free-flow helmet/Siebe Gorman and unlimited bottom time is 1,5 bar.
The O2-fraction at 28 m with pO2=1,5 bar: 1,5 bar/ 3,8 bar = 39,5 %
Of the available standardised nitrox mixtures, the highest allowable mixture is Nitrox 36 (Nitrox 40 would have
been marginally too rich).
EAD using Nitrox 36 at 28 m: 20,8 m.
Maximum allowed bottom time at EAD 20,8 m (rounded to 21 m): 90 min (see Table 1).
The requirement is that staged decompression-stops should be taken according to the procedure for the
actual depth and bottom time.
Diving with staged decompression stops in water, the maximum allowed bottom time for a table depth of
28 m is 55 min (NDTT). Decompressing in water using the 30 m/55 min table would call for a total of 35 min
of decompression. If alternatively surface decompression with O2 is chosen, the decompression should be
completed according to the table for a 30 m/90 min dive, i.e. 4 min of decompression in water followed by
43 min of O2 breathing in the chamber.

NORSOK 2013

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NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013

Annex D
(Informative)
First aid and diving medicine training
Air Diving Supervisors inshore

D.1 Background
NORSOK U103 serial 6.3.2 stipulate that supervisors of in shore diving operations should have completed
advanced first aid training id and have received management training (Ref Annex D). This Annex describes
how the requirement for advanced first aid training may be complied with for inshore Air Diving Supervisors.

D.2 Training schedule


D.2.1 Introduction
The first aid course should include the topics first aid and diving medicine. The extent of training is
described below.

D.2.2 Organization and place for training


This training schedule does not define which organization(s) that should execute the training, geographical
localization of training or practical aspects not directly influencing the professional content of the training. It is
nevertheless expected that the organization has a quality control system documenting how the training is
completed, responsibilities and measurement of training achievement.

D.2.3 Validity of training


Knowledge not applied in daily activity, will gradually impair. The first aid course should be refreshed every 3
years. If the two modules (First aid or Diving medicine see below) was completed at different times, the
period of validity is timed from the module first undertaken.

D.2.4 Recognition of equal training


The extent of training (First aid and Diving medicine) may be met through other training. As per March
2012, these training schedules are considered equally qualifying:
a) Advanced first aid training initial training or refresher as per IMCA D020. Covers first aid and diving
medicine;
b) Surface oriented diver training (NORSOK U100, Annex B, Serial B2): First aid and diving medicine;
c) Norwegian Navy 3 and 5 day course in diving medicine: Diving medicine;
d) Norwegian Oil and Gas basic first aid course (40h course): First aid.
This list is not complete. Other training may equal and be in excess of the requirements in this training
schedule. In these cases an individual assessment of the training provided is needed.

NORSOK 2013

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NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013

D.2.5 First aid


D.2.5.1 Training objectives
The student should know / be able to:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)

CPR and CPR with defibrillation (AEDs) as per national standard;


stop (large) ongoing bleedings;
examination technique for a sick/injured patient breathing normally;
stabilize the neck (=neck collar);
provide oxygen to a spontaneous breathing patient;
secure the airway, positioning the victim in the supine, lateral position and be able to use an airway
(Guedel);
g) assist ventilation with a self-expanding bag equipped with an oronasal mask. The students are not
expected to be able to manage bag-mask ventilation independently the training is given for the purpose
of supporting experienced (health-) professionals;
h) DMAC 11 Provision of First Aid and the Training of Divers, Supervisors and Members of Dive Teams in
First Aid.
To the extent time allows, the trainer may add other topics based on personal preferences. It is advised to
focus on injuries related to inshore diving.
D.2.5.2 Training time
A minimum of 7 hours including lunch.
D.2.5.3 Practical aspects
The training should be based on practice, allowing the students to achieve practical knowledge and master
these. Theoretical training should be limited to what is needed to recognize the need for actions and the very
basic understanding of trauma mechanics/pathology, diagnosis and treatment. The teacher is given large
extent of freedom to adjust the practical training. The theoretical part of the training may be given as
computer based training/self-studies, but the practical training may not be further reduced than the training
time indicated above. However, the practical training may be split into several days if deemed more practical.
D.2.5.4 Test of training achievement
The training must ensure that the students achieve the competency listed above. Training tests may be
provided as formal tests, continuous assessment or practical demonstrations of competency achievement.
Way of testing should be documented in the quality system and the student should be informed of the accept
criteria (pass/fail criteria) before the training starts.
D.2.5.5 Requirements for teacher
Physician, nurse, ambulance worker with approved training or first aid instructor. First aid instructor not
trained as a professional health worker should be approved instructor for Norsk Grunnkurs i Frstehjelp
(Norwegian Basic First Aid Course) and DHLR-instruktr (Instructor for CPR training with defibrillation).

D.2.6 Diving medicine


D.2.6.1 Training objectives
After finished training the student should be able to:
a) recognize the symptoms and findings of diving related injuries and correctly alarm and initiate first aid
treatment;
b) recognize the symptoms and findings of near drowning/hypothermia and correctly alarm, examine and
provide first aid treatment.
D.2.6.2 Training time
If the training is provided as classroom training/lectures the extent of training should be a minimum of 6 hours
including lunch.

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NORSOK Standard U-103, Edition 2, March 2013

D.2.6.3 Practical aspects


The training may be given as classroom training, computer based learning or combination, alternatively with
partial self-study. The responsible teacher is given large freedom in the practical design of the training, but
these topics should as a minimum be included:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)

decompression sickness;
pulmonary barotrauma and cerebral arterial gas embolism;
acute oxygen toxicity;
chronic (pulmonary) oxygen toxicity;
CO2 intoxication;
hypoxia;
diving suit/neck collar strangulation;
near drowning and immersion hypothermia;
first aid equipment for use in inshore diving.

The students are expected to know other diving related injuries to the extent trained for surface oriented
divers, but training in these other topics could be provided as self-studies, computer based training or other
methods.
D.2.6.4 Test of training achievement
Provision of course certificate requires the student to pass a test. The training organization should develop a
test documenting that the student has achieved the required knowledge. Accept criteria (pass/fail) should be
known for the students in advance and documented in the quality system.
D.2.6.5 Requirements for teacher
Training in Diving suit/neck collar strangulation, Near drowning and immersion hypothermia and First aid
equipment for use in inshore diving can be given by physician, nurse or authorized ambulance worker. Other
topics should be trained by physician with competency compliant with the requirements for medical
examination of professional divers and a minimum of five years of experience in a position with clinical
treatment of diving related illnesses and injuries (either with personal experience or with management
responsibility for such service).

NORSOK 2013

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