:

1931
1

..

..

..

..

01

..

01

..

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41

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45
41

HF

..

22

..

22

Sunspot

..

25

..

03

HF

VHF

..
3

01

11

..

15

..

15

- VHF

17

VHF

..

19

..

53

UHF,VHF, HF

52

50

51

55

57

51

51

52

55

55

51

73

71

75


25 4171 ) (Bologna .
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Guglielmo Marconi

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4195 (William
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.


)(Salisbury
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Wireless Telegraph & Signal . 4933
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7777 .


4934
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)(Newfoundland 2433 .
4932 4942 . 4932

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( Unguided Communication )

Guided Communication
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11

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EP0PTT
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18

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21

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.
.
" hertz" " "
" KHz"" MHz " ... .
.
.
Wavelength
.

.

21

VLF

43

03KHZ-0

b.mam

LF

033khz-03

b.km

FM

0333khz-033

b.hm

HF

03mhz-0

b.dam

VHF

033MHz-03

b.m

UHF

0333MHz-033

b.dm

SHF

03GHz-0

b.cm

EHF

033GHz-03

b.mm

0333GHz-033

:
AM 505 MHz4.7
MHz 539 : MHz 25.4
MHz25.95 : MHz27.14
FM 11 MHz431
:
: ... MHz13
: 13 MHz MHz53
: MHz72
: MHz75
MHz245 : MHz223
22

MHz119 MHz121:) (
MHz933 :
MHz 4.577 MHz 4.227 :
:
AM radio: 505 kilohertz to 4.7 megahertz
Short wave radio: bands from 5.9 megahertz to 25.4 megahertz
Citizens Band (CB) radio: 25.95 megahertz to 27.14 megahertz
Television stations: 51-11 megahertz for channels 2-5
FM radio: 11 megahertz to 431 megahertz
Television stations: 471-223 megahertz for channels 7-40
Garage door openers, alarm systems, etc.: around 13 megahertz
Standard cordless phones: Bands from 13 to 53 megahertz
Baby monitors: 19 megahertz
Radio controlled airplanes: around 72 megahertz .which is different from ...
Radio controlled cars: around 75 megahertz
Wildlife tracking collars: 245 to 223 megahertz
MIR space station: 415 megahertz and 107 megahertz
Cell phones: 121 to 119 megahertz
New 933 MHz cordless phones: Obviously around 933 megahertz !
Air Traffic Control radar: 953 to 4245 megahertz
Global Positioning System: 4227 and 4575 megahertz
Deep space radio communications: 2293 megahertz to 2033 megahertz

23

24

 HF

()morse code
.

53 73 ()HF .
HF ()short wave
.
HF
. HF

:




HF :
-4 ()Ground Wave
-2 ()Sky Wave

25


.
23Km-03Km
.

HF
.
233 4333 hop hop .

HF .
DEF4F2
... .
26

 HF
-4 :)Amplitude Modulation Equivalenet(AME
AM
AM .

-2 :)Single Side Band(SSB

AM
.
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( LSB )Low Side Band ( USB )Upper Side Band .
27

: ) Single Side Band/Continuous Wave( SSB/CW-0

SSB
4KHz . SSB/CW .

HF
Sunspot

( ) . 44 .
44 .
.
28

 ()MUTFUT
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.
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.
.

29

()Fading

.
.
.

.

.

31

 ( )shadowing
..

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( ISI )
:

( )FEC ()Interleaving

31


HF

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WINCAPASAPSIONCAPVOACAP

HF .

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32


( : )Radiation Pattem

HF
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33



HF SWR .

( ) .

34

 NVIS

.

.
.

- HF 4333-133-433-53-25
SSBSSB-CWAME.
.
(4333 5333) ( .
).
) ) 4.5-29.9999 MHZ
HF .

35

 .
HF
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HF


433
VFD


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TUNE
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36


()Squeich

HF

4.5 29.9999

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433

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21 DC 443 AC

RF

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45 HP

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)SSB(CW);4v-23dB(Sinad

37

 ()RF

,5dBmax

SSB;53-2.5KHz ,2

,5dBmax

SSB(CW);4KHz +-2532

RF

73dB

73dB

43 033

933
4433

+-4ppm -43C +53C

+-2ppm -13 C +55C

053mVrms

03KM

43KM

433KM

HF
-4 SWR SWR Meter .
SWR .
SWR )SWR<0(.
-2 RF
2mV ( RF )533-2.5KHz
( 5dB ) .
-0
.

38




MIL-STD-143D

( )

MIL-STD-143D

-25 +55

-13 +73

HF

HF
39

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41

41

 VHF

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FM ). ( VHF-LB VHF-LB
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.

... .
VHF

... .
.

42




Selective Call ,Group Call , Broudcast
( ) External
VFD



( )Scan
()ID Caller

03-17.175 MHZ

QPSK

( )
.

42.5KHZ / 25KHZ

.



43

 )Intermediate Ferquency( IF
43













PPT




MIL STD-143
44

)MID-STD3154( EMI,EMC

)(
VHF

Display Non 1253XiR M Non-Display

GPS Model

Non-GPS Model

Display GPS 1251XiR M Non-Display

Model

UHF

VHF

1223XiR M

General Specifications

1221XiR M
GPS Model

UHF

453

VHF

02

W25-4

W25-4

W25-4

4-25W

W13-25

W15-25

W13-25

25-15W

MHZ173-130 MHZ471-405 MHZ173-130 MHZ471-405

54 x 475 x 235 mm

mm 235x 475x 54

) (

4.1kg

4.1kg

42.5 kHz/ 25 kHz

42.5 kHz/ 25 kHz

+/- 4.5 ppm (XiR M1253)

+/- 4.5 ppm (XiR M1223)

+/- 3.5 ppm (XiR M1251)

+/- 3.5 ppm (XiR M1221)

(-033 C , +533 C, +253 C)

3.0 uV (42 dB SINAD)

3.0 uV (42 dB SINAD)

45

3.1 uV (23 dB SINAD)

3.1 uV (23 dB SINAD)

3.22 uV (typical)

3.22 uV (typical)

56 BER: 3.0 uV

56 BER: 3.0 uV

42.5 kHz/ 25 kHz

42.5 kHz/ 25 kHz

+/- 4.5 ppm (XiR M1253)

+/- 4.5 ppm (XiR M1223)

+/- 3.5 ppm (XiR M1251)

+/- 3.5 ppm (XiR M1221)

(-033 C , +533 C, +253 C)

42.5 kHz : 44K3F0E

42.5 kHz : 44K3F0E

FM

25 kHz: 45K3F0E

25 kHz: 45K3F0E

42.5

kHz

Data

42.5 kHz Data Only:

Only:

7K53FXD
42.5 kHz Data & Voice:
7K53FXE

FSK1

7K53FXD
42.5 kHz Data & Voice:
7K53FXE

GPS
Accuracy specs are for long-term tracking (95th percentile values > 5 satellites visible
at a nominal -403 dBm signal strength)
TTFF (Time To First Fix) Cold
Start

< 4 minute

TTFF (Time To First Fix) Hot

< 43 seconds
Start Horizontal Accuracy
< 43 meters

46



.
.

.
IF .
.
.
.
.
.
RF .
2 0 RF.
.


.
:

47

 .
. .
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(Wideband ( ) 5Kbit/s
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50-51MHz

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51

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55

SCANNER
UHF,VHF,HF
VHF HF UHF
. VHF
03MHz 033MHz . 273MHz .
25
13 VHF
43133 .
273MHz 13 =43133
0 1
433 233 43133
.

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FM 11 431MHz
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( FM ) .

56



. ( )LCD
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57



GMRS ( CB
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Marine Radio VHF



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FCC.

59

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FCC .
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-2

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( .)PTT
45
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61


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61




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(May DAY)-4 .
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(security)-0
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62

63

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64


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69



() ( )MPT4027
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71

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AM, FM, FSK ( )4233 bps
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()MINISTRY OF POST & TELECOMMUNICATION

71

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72


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73

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79

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43-0

43-20

43-1

43-21

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43-25

----

43-5

43-25

------- /

43-7

43-27

-----

43-1

43-21

43-9

43-29

-- /

43-43

43-03

( )

43-44

43-04

------

43-42

43-02

( ---- /)

43-40

( / )

43-00

43-41

43-01

( /)

43-45

43-05

43-45

43-05

43-47

43-07

43-41

( / / )

43-01

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43-49

-----------

43-09

43-23

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43-13

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81

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81

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82


GMRS
GMRS
GMRS
GMRS

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83

 .
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FM UHF 3 MHz153 MHz17
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GMRS .
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GMRS .
GMRS
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84

 GMRS 53
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GMRS FRS .
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FRS & GMRS RADIO
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GMRS khz 25 FRS .
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85

 -4
- ()Supplementary Services
?????????????????????????????????????????
- 2
-0 ( REAL TIME):
-1 ( REAL TIME
-5 (:)SDS
-5 :
()OPEN CHANNEL - VPN

-7 :
)Trunking Mode (TM )Direct Mode (DMO (DW) Dual Watch -1 :
86

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TETRA GSM
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87