AD 2015-67

Unger - KIZAD Warehouse

minor axis bending, torsion

GROUND BEAM, GB1A DESIGN AS PER ACI 318M-08 For
and shear
1.0

References

[C5]

ACI 318M-08 - Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete

[R4]

25875-000-3DR-S01-00001 - Structural Design Criteria

2.0

Dimensional properties

Centre to centre distance between pile

cap or c/c span of ground beam

ls 7.5m

Depth of beam

d b 4300mm

Width of beam

b b 2000mm

Assumed clear cover for beam

cb 75mm

3.0

As the design is for minor axis

bending, depth and width of the beam
are reversed
As ground beam is in contact with soil,
cover to reinforcement considered
is 75mm

Material properties

Specified compressive strength of

concrete - R[4]

f'c 40MPa

Specified yield strength for longitudinal

reinforcement - R[4]

fy 500MPa

Specified yield strength for transverse

reinforcement - R[4]

fyt 500MPa

Modification factor reflecting the reduced 1

mechanical properties of lightweight
concrete
4.0

For normal weight concrete, =1

Design forces (Output from ETABS)

Torsion acting on the beam

Tu 1294kN m

Shear force acting on the beam,

Vu 940kN

Bending moment acting on the beam

M u 3228kN m

5.0

Reinforcement design for ground beam

5.1

Torisonal and shear capacities of beam

Area enclosed by outside concrete

perimeter

Acp d b b b

Outside perimeter of concrete cross

section

p cp 2 d b b b

Strength reduction factor for torsion

[C5] Sect 9.3.2.3

t 0.75

Square root of specified compressive

strength of concrete

SR1

SR

f'c
MPa

Acp 86000 cm

p cp 12.6 m

MPa

8.3MPa if SR1 8.3MPa

SR 6.32 MPa

SR1 otherwise

Threshold torsion
[C5] Sect 11.6.1(a)
GB Design

A 2
cp
Tt t 0.083 SR
p
cp

Tt 2311 kN m

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Nominal shear strength of the concrete

[C5] Sect 11.2.1.1

Vc 0.17 SR b b d b

Vc 9246 kN

5.2

Design of transverse reinforcement - as closed links

5.2.1

Torsional reinforcement
Torsionaleffect

"Can be neglected" if Tt Tu
"Cannot be neglected" otherwise
Torsionaleffect "Can be neglected"

Assumed spacing of transverse

reinforcement

str 200mm

Assumed diameter of transverse

reinforcement

d tr 16mm

d tr
d tr

Perimeter of centreline of outermost

ph 2 d b cb
b b cb
2
2

closed transverse torsional reinforcement

Area enclosed by centreline of the

outermost closed transverse torsional
reinforcement

Aoh b b 2 cb d tr d b 2 cb d tr

Limit of torsional moment permitted to

be reduced due to redistribution of
internal forces upon cracking

TR t 0.33 SR
p cp

ph 12.3 m

Aoh 7486524 mm

Acp

TR 9188 kN m

As torsional moment acting on the beam(1294 kNm) is less than Tr(9188 kNm), it cannot be reduced further
2

Vu Tu ph

Q1

2
bb db

1.7 Aoh

Vc

Q2 t
0.66SR
bb db

Check for torsional moment strength

Refer [C5] Sect 11.5.3.1

Check

Strength reduction factor for torsion

Refer [C5] Sect 9.3.2.3

0.75

Required area of transverse torsional

reinforcement (closed links) per m per
leg - At/s
[C5] Section 11.5.3.6,
5.2.2

"OK" if Q1 Q2

Q1 0.2 MPa

Q2 3.9 MPa
Check "OK"

"Revise Section" otherwise

Tu

cm

At
2 0.85 Aoh fyt cot( 45deg)

At 2.7
m

Shearrfn

Shearrfn "Not reqd"

Shear reinforcement

Requirement of shear reinforcement

"Req" if Vu 0.5 Vc
"Not reqd" otherwise

Required area of shear reinforcement

GB Design

V u V c

2
cm

Av max 0

m fyt d b cb

cm

Av 0
m

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Maximum limit of spacing of stirrups

[C5] 11.5.6.1 and 11.7.4
Min area of shear reinforcement
Refer [C5] Section 11.7.4
5.2.3

d b ph

svmax min
300mm
5 8

Avmin 0.0025 b b min svmax str

svmax 300 mm

Avmin 10 cm

Total transverse reinforcement required

Transverse reinforcement required for

both shear and torsion together
Min area of transverse reinforcement
Refer [C5] Section 11.5.5.2

number of legs

Avmin

Atreq 2 At max Av

1m

0.35 bb 0.062 SR b b

fyt
fyt

MPa

Atmin max

cm
Atreq 15
m

cm
Atmin 15.7
m

leg 2

2 1
Atprov leg d tr
4
str

cm
Atprov 20.1
m

Provide 2L T16@200mm c/c as transverse reinforcement for both shear and torsion together
5.3

Design of longitudinal reinforcement

5.3.1

For moment

Number of longitudinal reinforcement

n l 4

Diameter of longitudinal reinforcement

d l 25mm

Area of longitudinal reinforcement

Depth of compression block

Moment capacity of the section

2
Ar d l n l
4
fy
Ar
1.15
a
0.85 f'c b b

Ar 19.63 cm

a 12.6 mm

fy
a
M R Ar
d b cb
1.15
2

M R 3601 kN m

Checkformoment

Checkformoment "OK"

"OK" if M R M u
"Not OK" otherwise

Minimum longitudinal reinforcement

required - Refer [C5] Sect 10.5.1

db
Asmin 0.25 SR b b
fy

Asmin 272 cm

Minimum requirement of rebars as per Section 10.5.1 need not be applied if the longitudinal reinforcement is
increased 1.33 times of that required by analysis
Area of longitudinal reinforcement to
be provided
5.3.2

Alp 1.33 Ar

Alp 26.11 cm

fyt
2
Al At ph cot( 45deg)
fy

Al 33.3 cm

For torsion

Additional area of longitudinal rfn to

resist torsion - [C5] Sect 11.5.3.7
GB Design

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Minimum total area of longitudinal

reinforcement for torsion
[C5] Sect 11.5.5.3

Almin

0.42 SR Acp
0.175 bb fyt
minAt
ph
fy

fyt fy

MPa

Almin 424 cm

Longitudinal reinforcement for torsion, should be distributed around the perimeter of the section
Area of torsional reinforcement on
each side face of the beam

As

max Al Almin
4

if Tt Tu

As 0 cm

0 otherwise
Number of longitudinal bars provided for n lt 12
torsion
2
Alprov d l n lt
Area of longitudinal bars provided for
4
torsion
Provide 12 nos of T25 bars as torsional reinforcement on each face
5.3.3

Alprov 58.9 cm

Total longitudinal reinforcement

Longitudinal reinforcement required for

both moment and torsion together

Alreq Alp As

Number of longitudinal bars provided

n 23

Area of longitudinal bars provided

2
Atp d l n
4

Alreq 26 cm

Atp 112.9 cm

Provide 23nos of T25 bars as longitudinal reinforcement bars

GB Design

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