Professional Documents
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IWD
Contributor: V V Thong (1)
Topic: Instructions
FOR
RURAL
Load and
storage
control
Load
Storage system
seems since the fault currents not only come from the
main grid in a unidirectional way, but also from DG
units (dispersed current sources), making the detection
far more complicated. Therefore, the conventional
hierarchical protection method needs to be revised.
- Safety: is concerning for both customers and system
operators. The grounding scheme of the DG
interconnection may not cause over-voltages exceeding
the rating of the equipment connected to the power
system and may not disrupt the coordination of the
ground fault protection on the power system
5. FUNDING CONSIDERATION
Provision of electricity to rural areas is considered
uneconomical by many utility companies, due to the
low consumption and poor load factors. In addition, the
cost per kWh generated by DG is still high. The rural
electrification process cannot develop fast without the
help from governments or non-government
organizations (NGO). There are several support modes
that can be used:
- Help from developed countries through development
funds (or Official Development Assistances funds) or
development program from international finance
organizations such as World Bank, ADB, etc;
- Taxation incentives or providing subsidies from
governments to users to reduce capital cost of the
investment;
- Green energy certificates functioning in a retail
portfolio obligation, grid access priorities or lowered
balancing costs;
- Consumer credit: users can obtain financing
assistance from financial institutions or local banks for
purchasing equipment and installation.
6. CONCLUSIONS
Rural electrification process plays an important role in
helping local people to improve their living standards
and incomes. However, this process has not covered all
the regions and reached to everyone yet. With the
introduction and deployments of DG, this may fasten
the electrification program and provide the rural people
extra solution to access electricity to better their quality
of life.
REFERENCES
[1] T. Vu Van, Impact of distributed generation on power
system operation and control, PhD thesis, Katholieke
Universiteti Leuven, Leuven, May 2006.
[2] Nguyen Q.K.: Alternatives to grid extension for rural
electrification: Decentralized renewable energy
technologies in Vietnam, Energy Policy, Volume 35,
Issue 4, April 2007, pp. 2579-2589
[3] Vu Van T., Belmans R.: Distributed generation
overview: current status and challenges, International
Review of Electrical Engineering (IREE), Vol.1, Nr.1,
ISSN 1827-6600, March-April, 2006; pp. 178-189.
[4] De Brabandere K., Driesen J., Belmans R.: Control of
Microgrids, IEEE PES General Meeting, June 2007
(peer veriew)