INGEPAC EF LD

Line differential protection

Rev.A

Data Sheet

No part of this publication may be reproduced by whatever means without the prior written permission of Ingeteam Power
Technology.
One of the main aims of Ingeteam Power Technology lies in the continuous improvement of the companys equipment and,
therefore, the information contained in this catalogue may be modified without prior notification.
For further information, consult the corresponding manual or contact us directly.

Table of contents

Table of contents
Model Code Selection ....................................................................................................... 7
Functions table and functional diagrams ...................................................................... 9
Communication ................................................................................................................11
Protection functions ........................................................................................................11
Differential protection ............................................................................................................................................ 11
Percentage differential protection ................................................................................................................ 12
Second harmonics restraining ...................................................................................................................... 12
Second harmonics blocking .......................................................................................................................... 12
Cross blocking .................................................................................................................................................. 12
Instantaneous differential protection ........................................................................................................... 12
CT error detection............................................................................................................................................. 12
Saturation detector........................................................................................................................................... 12
Load compensation ......................................................................................................................................... 12
87N Restricted ground differential................................................................................................................ 12
Directional supervision ................................................................................................................................... 12
Over-excitation by 5th harmonic................................................................................................................... 12
Over-excitation v/f ............................................................................................................................................ 12
Function 86 ........................................................................................................................................................ 13
Distance units.......................................................................................................................................................... 13
Zone 1 extension .............................................................................................................................................. 14
Zone of quick operation .................................................................................................................................. 14
Overcurrent monitoring .................................................................................................................................. 14
Phase identification.......................................................................................................................................... 14
Fault detector..................................................................................................................................................... 14
Directional monitoring ..................................................................................................................................... 14
Lines with CVT .................................................................................................................................................. 14
Fuse failure 68 FF ............................................................................................................................................. 14
Load zone encroachment 68 ZC ................................................................................................................... 14
Power swing (Out of step) .............................................................................................................................. 14
Ingeteam Power Technology, S.A. 2012 All rights reserved.

Rev. A

Table of contents

Switch onto fault (SOTF) ................................................................................................................................. 15

Trip schemes ..................................................................................................................................................... 15
Current units ............................................................................................................................................................ 15
Directional .......................................................................................................................................................... 15
Timed overcurrent units.................................................................................................................................. 16
Instantaneous overcurrent units................................................................................................................... 16
Broken conductor protection 46BC ............................................................................................................. 16
Second harmonic restraint ............................................................................................................................. 16
2nd and 5nd harmonic blocking ................................................................................................................... 16
Thermal image 49 ............................................................................................................................................. 17
Undercurrent 37 ................................................................................................................................................ 17
Stub bus protection ......................................................................................................................................... 17
Voltage units ............................................................................................................................................................ 17
Overvoltage 59 .................................................................................................................................................. 17
Zero sequence overvoltage 59N ................................................................................................................... 17
Inverse sequence overvoltage 47 ................................................................................................................. 18
Undervoltage 27 ................................................................................................................................................ 18
Frequency units ................................................................................................................................................ 18
Frequency protection 81M/m ................................................................................................................... 18
Frequency rate of change protection 81R ............................................................................................ 18
Power units (32) ................................................................................................................................................ 18
Breaker units ........................................................................................................................................................... 19
Open pole detection ......................................................................................................................................... 19
Breaker failure 50 BF ....................................................................................................................................... 19

Automatic functions ........................................................................................................19

Recloser 79 .............................................................................................................................................................. 19
Synchronism 25 ...................................................................................................................................................... 20

Locator ...............................................................................................................................20
Monitoring functions .......................................................................................................20
CT monitoring.................................................................................................................................................... 20
Power supply monitoring ............................................................................................................................... 20
External power supply monitoring ............................................................................................................... 20
Ingeteam Power Technology, S.A. 2012 All rights reserved.

Rev. A

Table of contents

Temperature monitoring ................................................................................................................................. 21

Breaker monitoring .......................................................................................................................................... 21

General configuration .....................................................................................................21

Equipment general settings ........................................................................................................................... 21
Protection general settings ............................................................................................................................ 21
VT Characteristics ............................................................................................................................................ 21
Power and energy configuration .................................................................................................................. 21

Logics .................................................................................................................................22
Logical functions based on IEC 61131-3..................................................................................................... 22

Data Acquisition Functions............................................................................................22

Events.................................................................................................................................................................. 22
Faults ................................................................................................................................................................... 22
Oscillography .................................................................................................................................................... 22
Statistics ............................................................................................................................................................. 22
Historical reports .............................................................................................................................................. 22
Measurements................................................................................................................................................... 22

Communication protocols..............................................................................................23
Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) ........................................................................................................... 23
Link failover redundancy ................................................................................................................................ 23
High-availability Seamless Redundancy (HSR)......................................................................................... 23

Technical specifications .................................................................................................24

Tests .................................................................................................................................................................... 25
I/O modules ........................................................................................................................................................ 26
Module types ............................................................................................................................................... 27
Communication ports...................................................................................................................................... 28
Irig-B input.......................................................................................................................................................... 29
Measurements................................................................................................................................................... 29

Construction features .....................................................................................................30

Ingeteam Power Technology, S.A. 2012 All rights reserved.

Rev. A

Table of contents

Rear views .........................................................................................................................31

Keypad/Local display ......................................................................................................32
Interconnection diagrams ..............................................................................................34

Ingeteam Power Technology, S.A. 2012 All rights reserved.

Rev. A

Model Code Selection

INGEPAC EF LD MODEL

INGEPAC EF-

I/O 8

I/O 7

I/O 6

I/O 5

I/O 4

I/O 3

I/O 2

ETH2

ETH1

COM6

COM5

COM4

COM3

COM2

COM1

I/O 1

Model Code Selection

MODEL
87, 87N, 5th armonic and V/f overexcitation, SOTF, 68FF, 67, 67N, 50/51, 50N/51N,
50G/51G, 67Q, 46FA, 37, 49, 25, 79, 74TC/CC, 50BF, Stub bus, Fault locator

87, 87N, 5th armonic and V/f overexcitation, 21,POTT (21),POTT (67N/67Q),
SOTF, 68LE,68FF,78, 67, 67N, 50/51, 50N/51N, 50G/51G, 67Q, 46FA, 37, 49, 59,
27, 59N, 47, 81M/m, 81R, 32, 25, 79, 74TC/CC, 50BF, Stub bus, Fault locator

EXTENDED CONTROL FUNCTIONS

No
Yes
HOUSING
1/2 chassis 19" 5U with configurable keyboard
1/2 chassis 19" 5U with predefined keyboard
Chassis 19" 4U with configurable keyboard
Chassis 19" 4U with predefined keyboard

A
B

A
B
C
D

Note 1
Note 1

POWER SUPPLY MODULE

Single PS 85-300 Vdc+ 6DI 125 Vdc + 4DO
Single PS 85-300 Vdc+ 6DI 220 Vdc + 4DO
Single PS 18-60 Vdc+ 6DI 24 Vdc + 4DO
Single PS 18-60 Vdc+ 6DI 48 Vdc + 4DO
Redundant PS 48 Vcc / 48Vcc
Redundant PS 125 Vcc / 125Vcc

A
B
C
D
F
G

REAR SERIAL COMMUNICATION PORTS

A
GFO
B
PFO
C
RS232C
D
RS485
E
FO singlemode 60km (ST) Note 11
F
FO singlemode 60km (LC) Note 11
I
C37.94 FO multimode (ST) Note 11
M
FO singlemode 20-120km (ST) Note 11
N
FO singlemode 20-120km (LC) Note 11
X
No port

COM-1
COM-2
COM-3 (Note 9)
COM-4 (Note 10)
COM-5
COM-6

REAR ETHERNET COMMUNICATION PORTS

E
GFO
F
RJ45
G
GFO (ETH with PRP redundancy)
Note 6
H
RJ45 (ETH with PRP redundancy) Note 6
I
GFO (Link failover redundancy)
Note 8
J
RJ45 (Link failover redundancy)
Note 8
K
LC (Link failover redundancy)
Note 8
L
LC
M
GFO (ETH with HSR redundancy)
Note 6
N
RJ45 (ETH with HSR redundancy) Note 6
X
No port
TERMINALS
Pin type standard terminals
Closed terminals
Closed terminals for analog inputs and pin type standard terminals for the rest
I/O BOARD CONFIGURATION
BOARD SELECTION
A
No board
B
11 DI (24V dc) + 9 DO
C
11 DI (48 Vdc) +9 DO
D
11 DI (125 Vdc) + 9 DO
E
11 DI (220 Vdc) + 9 DO
F
32 DI (24 Vdc)
G
32 DI (48 Vdc)
H
32 DI (125 Vdc)
I
32 DI (220 Vdc)
J
16 DI (24Vdc)-8 independent DO
K
16 DI (48 Vdc)-8 independent DO
L
16 DI (125 Vdc)-8 independent DO
M
16 DI (220 Vdc)-8 independent DO
N
16 DI (24 Vdc)- 16DO
O
16 DI (48Vdc)- 16 DO
P
16 DI (125 Vdc)- 16DO
Q
16 DI (220 Vdc)- 16DO
R
16 DI (24Vdc)-8 AI
Note 7
S
16 DI (48Vdc)-8 AI
Note 7
T
16 DI (125 Vdc)-8 AI
Note 7
U
16 DI (220 Vdc)-8 AI
Note 7
V
16 DI (24 Vdc)- 8 AI (4 isolated)
Note 7
W 16 DI (48Vdc)- 8 AI (4 isolated)
Note 7
X
16 DI (125 Vdc)- 8 AI (4 isolated)
Note 7
Y
16 ED (220 Vcc)- 8 EA (4 aisladas) Nota 7
0
8DI (24Vcc) + 4DO (h.b.c.o.) + 4DO
1
8DI (48Vcc) + 4DO (h.b.c.o.) + 4DO
2
8DI (125Vcc) + 4DO (h.b.c.o.) + 4DO
3
8DI (220Vcc) + 4DO (h.b.c.o.) + 4DO
4
8DI (24Vcc) + 8DO
5
8DI (48Vcc) + 8DO
6
8DI (125Vcc) + 8DO
7
8DI (220Vcc) + 8DO

ETH-1
ETH-2

A
B
C

Note 2

(Note 3)
Board
Board
Board
Board
Board
Board

2 (Note
3
4 (Note
5 (Note
6 (Note
7 (Note

4)
5)
5)
5)
5)

Note 1: Only selectable with extended control functions.

Note 2: The terminals for the power supply inputs are pyn type standard terminals.
Note 3:To know the order of the boards in the rack, consult the number of the terninals on the rear views of each chassis.
Note 4: In the 19" chassis, board 2 only available with pin type standard terminals.
Note 5: Only available for 19" chassis.
Note 6: For line differential protection consult Ingeteam. PRP/HSR only available for ETH-1. With this option ETH-2 can only be of the same type as the ETH-1 (GFO or RJ45).
Note 7: Standard analogue inputs configuration: +/-5mA, +/-5mA, +/-2.5mA, +/-2.5mA, +/-2.5mA, +/-2.5mA, +/-20mA, +/-20mA. Consult other configurations.
Note 8:This option requires selecting both ETH1 as ETH2 and supports any combination of options I , J and K.
Note 9: Channel 1 for line differential protection communications
Note 10: Channel 2 for line differential protection communications
Note 11: Only for communications between devices.

Pag. 7

Model Code Selection

The following figures show the board position acording to model encoding.
Fig. 1.1

Fig. 1.3

19 chassis

Redundant power supply 19 chassis

Fig. 1.2

Fig. 1.4

19 chassis

Redundant power supply 19 chassis

Pag. 8

Functions table and functional diagrams

Functions table and functional diagrams

LD0

LD1

87: differential protection (Instantaneous and percentage)

Second harmonic restraint and blocking (Cross blocking)

87N: Restricted earth

V/f Overexcitation

5 harmonic level Overexcitation

Directional supervisin

CT error detector

Saturation detector

Load compensation

86 function

Differential functions

Distance functions
Quadrilateral (5 areas)

MHO (5 areas)

21 High Speed

Zone 1 extension

Double lines

Lines with serial compensation

CVT: Lines with Capacitive Voltage Transformers

Common protection functions

SOTF Switch onto fault

27 Undervoltage

59 Overvoltage

59N Zero sequence overvoltage

47 V2 overvoltage

Frequency (81 M/m)

Frequency rate of change (81R)

3x50/51 (67)

50N/51N (67N)

50G/51G. Earthing overcurrent

46TOC (67Q), 46IOC(67Q)

46BC Broken conductor

50CSC Second harmonic restraint

50CSC Second and fifth harmonic restraint

37 Undercurrent

49 Thermal image

32 Power units
Stub bus

Teleprotection
Teleprotection (21)

Teleprotection (67/67Q)

Monitoring units

68LE Load encroachment

68FF Fuse failure

78 Power swing
Fault locator

kI2 breaker monitoring per pole

Closing and trip circuit monitoring

Excessive number of trips

Open pole/Dead line detector

Breaker status logic

Pole discordance

Fault locator
Breaker monitoring

50BF Breaker failure

Breaker failure with monopolar/tripolar trip

Pag. 9

Functions table and functional diagrams

LD0

LD1

Synchronism

Recloser one/three poles

Coupling

Phase and neutral current measurements

Phase and synchronism voltage measurements

Real and reactive power

Real and reactive energy

Historical event, protection event and fault recording

Breaker monitoring

Oscillographs

Historical reports

Automatism

Data Acquisition Functions

Tbl. 1.1

Functions depending on model

Fig. 1.5

General diagram

Available analog inputs

T1 IA Phase A current

T7 Free

T2 IB Phase B current

T8 Vsyn Synchronism voltage

T3 IC Phase C current

T9 VN Neutral voltage

T4 IN Neutral current

T10 VA Phase A voltage

T5 Ipol Polarization current

T11 VB Phase B voltage

T6 Free

T12 VC Phase C voltage

Fig. 1.6

Voltage and current inputs

Pag. 10

Communication

Protection functions

Communication
The line differential scheme is based on the data exchange
(measurement and signal) between the devices placed on the
sides of the line. It allows two and three terminal lines.
It allows line with intermediate transformer.
The communication uses the serial channels with baud rates
between 64kbits and 128kbits and port types RS232 and FO
multimode and singlemode (up to 60km). With external
converters it can be used in G703 nets.
In 2 ends configuration for simple communication the port
Com-3 is used and for redundant Com-3 and Com-4 ports. In
3 ends configuration Com-3 and Com-4 ports are used.
The communication can be:

Simple. It only has one channel. In case of failure in that

channel, it produces a loss of communication and the
differential protection cant work.
Redundant. It has two channels. In case of failure in one
channel, the communication is made with the other
channel.

The functions available in the equipment are shown below: In

order to check if a specific model has a function, refer to the
model functions table.
Usually, each function has its own general operating settings,
apart from the functional settings.

Blocking. It allows selecting a signal so that when it is

on, it blocks the function.

General trip. It indicates if it involves the opening of the

breaker.

Trip permission following reclosure. It indicates the state

of the function depending on the state of the recloser.

Reclosure permission. It indicates if the reclosure is

permitted following the trip of that function.

Records of events enabled. It enables the generation of

events related to the function

Differential protection

The configuration type can be selected:

Valid for 2 and 3 ends.

Three phase differential unit.

Master. All the devices communicate between each

other, receiving the measurements and executing the
differential protection.
Slave. Only one device (master) executes the executing
the differential protection, sending the trip command to
the other devices

The type connector can be RS232, multimode fiber optic

(GFO y PFO), singlemode fiber optic (conector ST o LC),
G.703 or C37.94.
Ia

Homopolar component filter, allows to eliminate the zero

sequence component of the phase currents.
Adjustable instantaneous differential current tripping.
Restraining and blocking by 2nd, harmonic. Cross blocking
also available.
The line and end characteristics are adjustable.

TRIP

Ib

Ib

Ic

Ic

Ic
TRIP

Ib

Master/Master

Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Scheme type

2 / 3 ends

Reference end

A/B/C

End A Vrated (kV)

10000

0,1

End B Vrated (kV)

10000

0,1

End C Vrated (kV)

10000

0,1

End A CT ratio

10000

0,1

End B CT ratio

10000

0,1

End C CT ratio

10000

0,1

End A Irated (A)

1A / 5A

End B Irated (A)

1A / 5A

End C Irated (A)

1A / 5A

Intermediate transformer

NO / SI

Connection type - End A

Y/D/Z

Connection type - End B

Y/D/Z

Connection type - End C

Y/D/Z

Phase-shift code - End A

11

Phase-shift code - End B

11

Phase-shift code - End C

11

Enable Zero-seq Filt End A

NO / SI

Enable Zero-seq Filt End B

NO / SI

Enable Zero-seq Filt End C

NO / SI

Max power capacity (MVA)

5000

0,1

Tap - End A I (A)

0,1

20

0,01

Ia

Fig. 1.7

Correction of relation and connection group numerically.

Fig. 1.8

Master/Slave

The differential protection needs the synchronization of the

measurement of the line ends, in order to use the
measurement of the same instant in the algorithm.
To synchronise the ends without GPS, it is used a
communication method that allow to calculate the
propagation time of the messages and synchronise the
measurements of the ends.
The backup protection (21 and 67) can be enabled only when
there is communication failure between terminals.
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Tap - End B I (A)

0,1

20

0,01

Conecction type

Master / Slave

Tap - End C I (A)

0,1

20

0,01

Port 1

Disabled / COM 3 / COM 4 / COM 5 / COM 6

End A polarity

Incoming / Outgoing

Baud rate 1 (bauds)

64Kb / 128Kb

End B polarity

Incoming / Outgoing

Remote end 1

A/B/C

End C polarity

Incoming / Outgoing

Remote ID 1

I0 type:measure/calculated

Measured / Calculated

Port 2

Disabled. / COM 3 / COM 4 / COM 5 / COM 6

Neutral Irated (A)

1A / 5A

Baud rate 2 (bauds)

64Kb / 128Kb

Remote end 2

A/B/C

Neutral CT ratio

10000

0,1

Remote ID 2

Ground Irated (A)

1A / 5A

Max. propagation time (us)

250

10

Ground CT ratio

10000

0,1

Allow 21 Backup

Always / ON coms Fail

Local end

A/B/C

Allow 67 Backup

Always / ON coms Fail

Local ID

Pag. 11

Protection functions

Percentage differential protection

CT error detection

The restriction unit (Idif vs Irestraint) is of the double slope

type.

CT error detection (CTs open or short-circuited). Detected by

sudden disappearance of a load current (at the input (10%110% In) without any apparent change in the rest.

Saturation detector
Detection of saturation in any of the current transformer. It
analyses each phase independently to detect the instant
when the saturation happens.

Load compensation

Fig. 1.9

Percentage and instantaneous differential protection

Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Enabled

Step
Yes/ NO

Sensitivity (xTap)

0,15

0,01

Rest.current step 1 (xTap)

0,01

Rest.current step 2 (xTap)

20

0,01

Slope 1 (%)

100

Slope 2 (%)

200

Delay time (ms)

60000

Second harmonics restraining

Depending on the breaker status, the percentage differential

protection changes the characteristics during a configurable
time.
Ajuste

Mnimo

Mximo

Paso

Enabled

Minimun threshold

0,08

20

0,01

Delay time (ms)

10

1000

10

87N Restricted ground differential

The function calculates the homopolar sequence differential
current by using the neutral current and ground current of the
transformer. Magnitude and angle are used to determine the
direction and trip conditions.
Setting

Second harmonic currents are used to restrain measurement,

so that the harmonic content higher, the differential current is
needed to operate the unit.
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Enabled

NO/Yes

I2 / Ifund. Threshold (%)

10

100

Diff. Threshold (xTap)

0,15

0,01

Second harmonics blocking

The operation of the differential unit can be blocked with the
harmonic blocking; the 2nd harmonic present in the
differential current blocks the restriction unit if the
corresponding settings are exceeded.
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Enabled

NO/Yes

I2 / Ifund. Threshold (%)

10

100

Diff. Threshold (xTap)

0,15

0,01

Cross blocking
Tripping of the three phases can be blocked when there is a
high percentage of harmonics in any of the phases. This
general block is only permitted during an adjustable time
period.
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Enabled

NO / OR / Two of three

Maximum time (ms)

5000

10

Instantaneous differential protection

A restriction-free (instantaneous) unit per phase is included
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Pickup (xTap)

20

0,01

Delay time (ms)

60000

Enabled

Step

Minimum

Maximum

Sensitivity (A)

0,05

20

0,01

Slope (%)

0%

100%

1%

Delay time (ms)

600000

10

Enabled

Step
Yes/ NO

Directional supervision
It detects if the fault is internal or external. In external faults, it
changes the characteristics and delays the trip.
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Minimum negative sequence

0,02

25

0,01

Angle directional unit

45

90

Enabled

Step
Yes/ NO

Over-excitation by 5th harmonic

This measures the percentage of 5th harmonic current
compared to the fundamental current in the selected winding.
The trip occurs when the 5th harmonic in any phase is higher
than the setting during the time programmed.
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Minimum operating current

0,1

10

0,01

Starting threshold (%)

100

Fixed Time (ms)

600000

10

Enabled

Step
Yes/ NO

Over-excitation v/f
This feature prevents the transformers operate at a flux
density greater than that for which they were designed,
avoiding overheating and consequent damage to the
transformer that would arise before an overdrive. Can be
detected by the 5th harmonic intensity or by the V/f relation.

Yes /NO

Pag. 12

Protection functions

Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Enabled

Yes/ NO

Operation type

Vph-gnd FUND
Vph-ph FUND
Vph-gnd RMS
Vph-ph RMS
Standard

Start value (V/Hz)

0,8

40

0,01

Drop out (%)

50

99

Minimun operating voltage

50

150

Mho characteristic

Quadrilateral characteristic

ANSI-EI Extreme. Inverse

ANSI-MI Very inverse
ANSI-I Normal inverse
ANSI-MODI Moderately inverse
IEC-I Normal inverse
IEC-MI Very inverse
IEC-EI Extreme. Inverse
IEC-IC Short inverse
IEC-IL Long inverse
IEC-MIEs Very inverse special
User curves 1
User curves 2
User curves 3
User curves 4
Definite time

Operating Curve Type

Time dial

0,05

30

Delay\minimum time (ms)

600000

Reset type

10
Instantaneous / Timed

Function 86
This consists in activating the programmed relays when a
differential trip occurs (instantaneous or percentage) or in
activating a signal to be used to block the circuit breaker
closing circuits.
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Enabled

NO / Yes

Desactivate Lock Trip 86

Logical input

Activate Trip 86

Logical input

Distance units

Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Non-directional
Forward
Following trip
Following pickup

Directional Mode

Characteristic Angle ()

Step

90

Phase Enabled (Ph)

NO / YES

Phase Characteristic (Ph)

Mho
Quadrilateral
Mho and quadrilateral

Phase Time (ms) (Ph)

600,000

10

There are 5 independent zones of operation, with the

possibility to select mho and/or quadrilateral characteristics in
each of them.

Mho reach (Ph)

0.05

500

0.01

Resistive Reach (Ph)

0.05

500

0.01

X Reach Forward(Ph)

0.05

500

0.01

An analysis is carried out for each phase (AN, BN, CN, AB,
BC, CA), characteristic (Quadrilateral and Mho) and zone of
operation (5 areas).

X Reach Reverse (Ph)

0.05

500

0.01

R Blinder Angle(Ph)

90

Enabled (Gnd)

NO / YES

Direction can be selected in each area: forward, reverse or

non-directional.

Gnd Characteristic (Gnd)

Mho
Quadrilateral
Mho and quadrilateral

Each of the 5 zones can be set independently.

Phase-ground time (ms)

600,000

10

Zone 1 allows the tilting of the reactive reach, which is not

available in the other areas.

Kn Module

0.5

10

0.01

Kn Angle ()

90

Km Module

0.5

10

0.01

Km Angle()

90

Mho reach (Gnd)

0.05

500

0.01

Resistive Reach (Gnd)

0.05

500

0.01

X Reach Forward(Gnd)

0.05

500

0.01

X Reach Reverse (Gnd)

0.05

500

0.01

R Blinder Angle(Gnd)

90

Tilt Angle Gnd ()

-10

10

1
Disabled
Timing
Continuous

Tilt Type (Gnd)

Tilt Time Gnd (ms)
Quad. Type (Gnd)

500

10
I0
I2
Max (I0, I2)

Pag. 13

Protection functions

Zone 1 extension

Lines with CVT

The area 1 extension function allows the modification of the

zone 1 reach for the first trip, reaching the set reach in the
following trips.

With the capacitive voltage transformers (CVT), severe

transient oscillations of the voltage take place, in case of
sudden voltage drops, very near faults or faults with high SIR
conditions, which tend to lead to overreaches in the distance
units. These overreaches disappear if the current value is
high enough to balance the voltage value in the impedance
calculations. Thus, when there is a very low current and the
SIR value is very high in respect to the line impedance, this
problem will generally arise. In order to avoid it, the voltages
are filtered when the gravity of the transients is very strong.

Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Gnd extension ratio

0.1

0.001

Ph-Ph extension ratio

0.1

0.001

Enabled

Step
NO / YES

Zone of quick operation

There is a quick operation unit for zone 1 (only forward) and
another one for zone 4 (only backward), based on the
medium cycle DFT, both for the Mho and the Quad
characteristic.
Setting

Options

Zone 1 enabled

NO / YES

Zone 4 enabled

NO / YES

Zone 1 Blocking input

Logical input

Zone 4 Blocking input

Logical input

Setting

Remarks

Enabled

NO / YES

CVT type

Pasive / Active

Fuse failure 68 FF
It detects if a fuse has blown up in the secondary circuit of the
voltage transformers. While this situation is detected, the
blocking of the operation of other protection functions is
allowed.
Setting

Overcurrent monitoring

The single-phase and two-phase units are analysed

independently; as well as the forward and reverse direction.
The settings regarding the phase-earth monitoring are:

10000

Step

Step

This function determines an operating zone of maximum load,

generating a signal when the impedance is within its limits. In
this situation, the blocking of the operation of other protection
functions is allowed.

Maximum

NO / YES

Setting

Phase Forward threshold (A)

0.05

150

0.01

Enabled

Phase Reverse threshold (A)

0.05

150

0.01

3I0 Forward threshold (A)

0.05

150

3I0 Reverse threshold (A)

0.05

150

Minimum

Maximum

Minimum I1 threshold (A)

0.05

25

0.01

0.01

Z forward (Ohm)

0.01

500

0.01

0.01

Positive angle forward ()

90

Negative angle forward ()

270

359

Z reverse (Ohm)

0.01

500

0.01

Positive angle reverse ()

90

180

Negative angle reverse ()

180

270

The settings regarding the phase-phase monitoring are:

Minimum

Maximum

Forward threshold

0.05

150

0.01

Reverse threshold

0.05

150

0.01

Enabled

10

Load zone encroachment 68 ZC

Minimum

Enabled

Setting

Maximum

YES / NO

Delay time (ms)

There are overcurrent monitoring units allowing the blocking

of the distance unit, if the current stays below the previously
set single-phase and two-phase thresholds.

Setting

Minimum

Enabled

Step
NO / YES

Step
NO / YES

Power swing (Out of step)

Phase identification
It determines the type of fault, allowing the trip due to that
cause and blocking the rest of them. It differences among
three-phase, two-phase and earth faults.

If a power swing situation is detected, it allows blocking the

distance units.
It allows trips due to unstable power swings.

Fault detector
This function detects the beginning of a fault, checking the
differences among the zero-sequence, direct and inverse
sequences measurements of the present current and the
ones of the two previous cycles.

Directional monitoring
It monitors the direction of a fault, so that it only permits the
faults produced in the direction set for each area.
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Ph-Ph angle ()

359

Ph-Ph amplitude ()

90

170

Gnd angle ()

359

Gnd amplitude ()

90

170

Pag. 14

Protection functions

Setting

Min

Max

Step

Enabled

NO / YES

Memory Enabled

NO / YES

Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step
Step trip
Permissive overreaching
Permissive underreaching
Direct. comparison blocking
Direct. comparison unblock

Scheme type
Zone 1 Blocking

NO / YES

id. remaining zones: 2, 3, 4

Zone 5 Blocking

NO / YES

TPRx Drop out time (ms)

1000

10

Teleprotection Blocking

NO / YES

Block delay time (ms)

1000

10

Middle zone Right R

0.05

500

0.01

GSL Minimum time (ms)

150

10

Middle zone Left R

0.05

500

0.01

GSL Maximum time (ms)

200

10

Middlezone Top X

0.05

500

0.01

GSL Drop off time (ms)

200

10

Middle zone Bottom X

0.05

500

0.01

ECHO enabled

Internal zone Right R

0.05

500

0.01

ECHO pulse time (ms)

10000

10

Internal zone Left R

0.05

500

0.01

ECHO Blocking time (ms)

1000

10

I1 Minimum threshold (A)

0.05

500

0.01

ECHO delay time (ms)

200

10

Slope angle

0.05

500

0.01

Current Reversal Blocking

Distance between zones

0.1

0.1

Current rev. pickup T (ms)

10000

Blocking time (ms)

100

Weak Infeed Enabled

NO
IN_ZMED
OUT_ZMED

Weak Infeed Threshold (V)

0,1

200

Trip Enabled
Trip Time (ms)

100

Internal Zone unblock T (ms)

60

10000

I2 threshold (A)

After fault Reset time (ms)

Trip delay

100
1000
1000

NO / YES

NO / YES
10
NO / YES
0,1

TPRx _67 line 1

Logical input

TPRx _67 line 2

Logical input

GSLRx_67 line 1

Logical input

GSLRx_67 line 2

Logical input

TP Trip Block

Logical input

TPTx Blocking input

Logical input

ECHO Start value

Logical input

Block ECHO

Logical input

67NQ Permissive Units

Logical input

67NQ Block Units

Logical input

0.01
5
5

Repetitions for trip

Interval time for trip (ms)

1000

Switch onto fault (SOTF)

This unit provides an instantaneous non-directional threephase trip when a fault occurs upon the generation of a
breaker closure command.
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Enabled

NO / YES

Operation type:

Programmable
V&I
Z2 or (V&I)
Z2

Init. activation time

YES / NO

Normalized voltage Reset

YES / NO

I phase threshold (A)

0.01

200.0

0.01

Activation time (ms)

100

1000

10

Current units
Directional
There are directional units per phases, inverse sequence and
neutral.
Each of the overcurrent units can be set in directional mode
with the "Torque control" setting. If it is FORWARD or
REVERSE, it indicates that the function works as directional
(in one sense or the other) and if it is NO, then it works as
NON-DIRECTIONAL.
Phase directional

Trip schemes

Setting

It allows, through the communication with other units, the

following teleprotection schemes:

Directional method

Step trip

Permissive overreach

Permissive underreach

Directional blocking

Directional unblocking

Additionally, together with the schemes, the following can

also be selected:

Transferred direct trip

Echo
Weak infeed 27WI
Inverse directional block

Depending on the model, the schemes can be 67 NQ

(employing the neutral overcurrent and unbalance units) and
21 (employing the distance units: mho and quadrilateral). The
settings are differents for each unit.

Minimum

Maximum

Step
Quadrature
Quadrature 2 of 3
Direct sequence
Inverse and direct sequence

Torque angle ()

359

Minimum V polarization (V)

200

0.1

Zone amplitude ()

90

170

Permission with low Vpol

YES / NO

67 directional Inversion

Logical input

Phase directional blocking

Logical input

Inverse sequence directional

Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Torque angle ()

359

Zone amplitude ()

90

170

Minimum V polarization (V)

200

0.1

Z2 offset

100

Minimum I2 / I1 Ph (%)

100

Minimum 3I2 / Irated (%)

100

S2 Directional inversion

Logical input

Blocking input

Logical input

Pag. 15

Protection functions

Neutral directional

Instantaneous overcurrent units

Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step
"Angular criteria"
Icos
Isen
Watt-metric

Ground Directional method

The equipment has 3 independently programmable units for

each phase protection function, neutral, earthing and
unbalance.
In the settings` table, the usual settings are shown, but in
some functions can be differences:

Torque angle()

359

Zone amplitude ()

90

170

Minimum V polarization (V)

200

0.1

Neutral earthing. Its not directional

Minimum 3I0/Irated gnd (%)

100

V
IPOL
IPOL V
IPOL o V
IPOL o V

Unbalance. The measurement type is phasor (rms is not

allowed)

Setting

Polarization method

S0
S2
S2 y S0
S2 y S0
S2 S0
S0 S2
Automatic

Voltage directional Type

Offset Z0 (Ohm)

100

Minimum 3I0/I1 (%)

100

Permission with low Vpol

YES / NO

Minimum Ipol/Irated gnd (%)

100

Minimum power: Isin,Icos,W

100

0.01

67N directional Inversion

100

Logical input

100

Ground directional block

Minimum

Maximum

YES / NO

Operation type:

TRIP
PICK UP

Start value (A)

0.02

150.0

0.01

Delay time (ms)

600,000*

10

Torque control

NO
Forward
Reverse

Behaviour with Fuse fail

Nothing
Inhibit
Block
Enable

Operating Quantity

Phasor
Rms

Logical input

Icos/Isin method switch

Logical input

Broken conductor protection 46BC

It detects faults of a phase in the installation, protecting the
electrical bays from this anomaly.

Timed overcurrent units

The equipment has 3 independently programmable units for
each phase protection function, neutral, earthing and
unbalance.

Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step

NO / YES

Operation type:

ALWAYS
YES WITH 52

Start value (%)

100

0.1

Delay time (ms)

7,200,000

10

Neutral earthing. Its not directional

Minimum phase I (%Irated)

200

0.1

Unbalance. The measurement type is phasor (rms is not

allowed)

Maximum threshold I0/Irated

20

0.1

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Enabled

YES / NO

Operation type:

TRIP
PICK UP
IOC1 BLOCK
IOC1, 2 BLOCK
IOC1, 2, 3 BLOCK

Start value (A)

0.02

150.0

0.01
Extreme ANSI-EI. Inverse
ANSI-MI Very inverse
Normal inverse
ANSI-MODI Moderately inverse
IEC-I Normal inverse
IEC-MI Very inverse
IEC-EI Extreme. Inverse
IEC-IC Short inverse
IEC-IL Long inverse
IEC-MIEs Very inverse special
User curves 1
User curves 2
User curves 3
User curves 4
Definite time

Curve type

Time dial

0.05

30.0

0.01

Definite/Minimum time (ms)

600,000*

10

Torque control

Behaviour with Fuse fail

Reset type

NO
Forward
Reverse

Remarks

Enabled

In the settings` table, the usual settings are shown, but in

some functions can be differences:

Setting

Step

Enabled

Second harmonic restraint

It allows blocking the 50/51,50N/51N and 67Q protection
functions when a second harmonic percentage is surpassed.
Unit 50/51 have restraint per phase or for all of the phases.
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step
NO / YES
Only in closure

Enabled
I2nd harm. / Ifund. threshold (%)

10

100

Minimum current (A)

0.1

150.0

0.01

2nd and 5nd harmonic blocking

It allows the instantaneous and timed grounding overcurrent
units to be blocked (51ES and 50ES).
Ajuste

Mnimo

Mximo

I 2nd/fund. Threshold (%)

100

I 5th/fund. Threshold (%)

100

Minimum current (A)

0,1

150

0,01

Enabled

Paso
NO/YES

Blocking 51ES Unit 1

NO/YES

Nothing
Inhibit
Block
Enable

Blocking 51ES Unit 2

NO/YES

Blocking 51ES Unit 3

NO/ YES

Blocking 50ES Unit 1

NO/ YES

Instantaneous
Timed

Blocking 50ES Unit 2

NO/ YES

Blocking 50ES Unit 3

NO/ YES

Operating Quantity

Phasor
Rms

Time delay cancel Input

Logical input

Pag. 16

Protection functions

Timed

Thermal image 49

Setting

It protects elements such as lines, transformers, etc. from

thermal overloads, calculating the temperature of the present
and recent load conditions of the protected equipment.
There are independent units per phases and neutral.
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Heating constant

30

18,000

Cooling constant

30

18,000

Alarm threshold (%)

50

100

Reset threshold (%)

50

95

Start current (A)

0.1

150.0

0.01

Enabled

Minimum

Maximum

NO / YES

Operation type:

Standard
Vphase-earth FUND
Vphase-phase FUND
Vphase-earth RMS
Vphase-phase RMS

Step
NO / YES

Start value (V)

0.5

200

0.01
Extreme ANSI-EI. Inverse
ANSI-MI Very inverse
Normal inverse
ANSI-MODI Moderately inverse
IEC-I Normal inverse
IEC-MI Very inverse
IEC-EI Extreme. Inverse
IEC-IC Short inverse
IEC-IL Long inverse
IEC-MIEs Very inverse special
User curves 1
User curves 2
User curves 3
User curves 4
Definite time

Operating Curve Type

Undercurrent 37
This unit protects from current losses in the power supply,
preventing the no-load operation of the engines. The
equipment has 2 independently programmable units.
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Enabled

NO / YES

Operation type:

AND (A, B and C)

OR (A, B or C)

Threshold (A)

0.02

10

0.01

Delay time (ms)

600,000

10

Stub bus protection

It protects the faults happening between the current
transformers and the line switch in breaker and a half
configurations. It is an overcurrent unit activated with the
switch open. There are units per phases and neutral.
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Enabled

Step
NO / YES

Phases threshold (A)

0.02

200

0.01

Phase delay time (ms)

600,000

10

Neutral threshold (A)

0.02

200

0,001

Neutral delay time (ms)

600,000

10

Voltage units

Time dial

0.05

30.0

0.01

Delay time (ms)

7,200,000

10

Instantaneous
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Enabled

NO / YES

Operation type:

Standard
Vphase-earth FUND
Vphase-phase FUND
Vphase-earth RMS
Vphase-phase RMS

Start value (V)

0.5

200

0.01

Delay time (ms)

7,200,000

10

Zero sequence overvoltage 59N

The equipment has 1 timed unit and 1 independent
instantaneous unit.
The pick-up value set is the zero-sequence voltage coming
from the open delta connection from the secondary of the
three voltage transformers or the zero-sequence voltage
calculated (3 Vo) as the vectorial sum of the phase-to-earth
voltages.
Timed

Apart from the ones each function has, the drop-out

percentages and the V0 measurement can be set.
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Phase overV drop out (%)

50

99

Phase underV drop out (%)

101

110

3V2 drop out (%)

50

99

3V0 drop out (%)

50

99

3V0 Operating quantity

Step

Enabled

Calculated/
Measurement

Setting

Minimum

Maximum

0.5

200

Enabled
Start value (V)

NO / YES
0.01
Extreme ANSI-EI. Inverse
ANSI-MI Very inverse
Normal inverse
ANSI-MODI Moderately inverse
IEC-I Normal inverse
IEC-MI Very inverse
IEC-EI Extreme. Inverse
IEC-IC Short inverse
IEC-IL Long inverse
IEC-MIEs Very inverse special
User curves 1
User curves 2
User curves 3
User curves 4
Definite time

Operating Curve Type

Overvoltage 59
The overvoltage function acts whenever there is a voltage
increase. The equipment has 1 timed unit and 2
independently
programmable
units.

Step

Time dial

0.05

30.0

0.01

Delay time (ms)

7200000

10

Instantaneous
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Start value (V)

0.5

200

0.01

Delay time (ms)

7200000

10

Enabled

Step
NO / YES

Pag. 17

Protection functions

Inverse sequence overvoltage 47

This functions protects the installation against the damaging
effects of a voltage unbalance, such as the motor heating,
current unbalance and so on. There are 1 timed unit and 1
independent instantaneous unit.
Minimum

Maximum

0.5

200

Enabled
Start value (V)

Operating Curve Type

Time dial
Delay time (ms)

0.05
0

30.0

Step
NO / YES

Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step

0.01

Minimum voltage (V)

40

200

Extreme ANSI-EI. Inverse

ANSI-MI Very inverse
Normal inverse
ANSI-MODI Moderately inverse
IEC-I Normal inverse
IEC-MI Very inverse
IEC-EI Extreme. Inverse
IEC-IC Short inverse
IEC-IL Long inverse
IEC-MIEs Very inverse special
User curves 1
User curves 2
User curves 3
User curves 4
Definite time

Number of cycles (Start)

15

Number of cycles (Reset)

10

OverFreq. Reset time (ms)

600,000

10

UnderFreq. Reset time (ms)

600,000

10

Step 1. Start value (Hz)

45

65

0.01

Step 1. Delay time(ms)

600,000

10

0.01

7200000

Frequency protection 81M/m

There are 8 frequency steps that can be programmed
independently as a maximum or minimum frequency unit,
allowing the performance of the underfrequency loads
shedding.

Timed
Setting

Frequency units

10

Step 1. Enabled

YES / NO

Step 1. Function Type

Maximum/Minimum

... applies to all of the levels

Step 8. Enabled

YES / NO

Step 8. Start value (Hz)

45

65

0.01

Step 8. Delay time(ms)

600,000

10

Step 8. Function Type

Maximum/Minimum

Instantaneous
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Start value (V)

0.5

200

0.01

Delay time (ms)

7200000

10

Enabled

Step
NO / YES

Frequency rate of change protection 81R

The frequency rate of change protection has 8 independent
steps, allowing the load disconnections before reaching
undesired frequency levels.

Undervoltage 27
It detects voltage drops in any phase. The equipment has 1
timed unit and 2 independent instantaneous units.

Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Enabled

YES / NO

Step

Operation Type

Negative
Positive
Negative
positive

Enabled

NO / YES

Minimum current level (A)

100.0

0.1

Number of cycles (Start)

15

Number of cycles (Reset)

10

Operation type:

Standard
Vphase-earth FUND
Vphase-phase FUND
Vphase-earth RMS
Vphase-phase RMS

Reset delay time (ms)

7,200,000

10

Step 1. Supervision f max

40

70

0.01

0.01

Step 1. Start value (Hz/s)

0.20

0.05

Extreme ANSI-EI. Inverse

ANSI-MI Very inverse
Normal inverse
ANSI-MODI Moderately inverse
IEC-I Normal inverse
IEC-MI Very inverse
IEC-EI Extreme. Inverse
IEC-IC Short inverse
IEC-IL Long inverse
IEC-MIEs Very inverse special
User curves 1
User curves 2
User curves 3
User curves 4
Definite time

Step 1. Delay time (ms)

2,000

10

Step 8. Supervision f max

40

70

0.01

Step 8. Start value (Hz/s)

0.20

0.05

Step 8. Delay time (ms)

2,000

10

Timed
Setting

Start value (V)

Minimum

0.5

Maximum

200

Operating Curve Type

Time dial

0.05

30.0

0.01

Delay time (ms)

7200000

10

Minimum

Maximum

... applies to all of the steps.

Power units (32)

The real and reactive powers and the power factor are
calculated on the basis of the voltage and current
measurements. The values obtained are employed for the
power protection functions.
The maximum and minimum active and apparent power
functions protect against excessive decreases and increases
in the generated power, as well as against the power
inversion.

Instantaneous
Setting

and

Step

Enabled

NO / YES

Operation type:

Standard
Vphase-earth FUND
Vphase-phase FUND
Vphase-earth RMS
Vphase-phase RMS

Start value (V)

0.5

200

0.01

Delay time (ms)

7200000

10

The minimum real power protection is a protection against the

excessive decrease in the generated power.
The maximum real power protection is a protection against
the excessive increase in the generated power.
The real power inversion protection prevents the generator
from its motoring. The protection is active when the real
power flow is reversed and it surpasses the set value.

Pag. 18

Automatic functions

The real power inversion protection is active when the

reactive power flow is reversed (field loss in generators) and
it surpasses the set value.
The minimum apparent power protection is a protection
against the excessive decrease in the generated power.

Automatic functions

The maximum apparent power protection is a protection

against the excessive increase in the generated power.

Recloser 79

For each power unit

The equipment allows up to 3 reclosures with different

closure times, depending on whether it is single-pole or threepole.

Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Start value (%)

1.0

200.0

0.1

Delay time (ms)

60000

10

Enabled

YES / NO

The reclosure can be monitored with the reference voltage

and/or synchronism.
Recloser

Drop-off threshold common to all of the units

Setting

Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step

P reset threshold (%)

0.1

0.1

Q reset threshold (%)

0.1

0.1

S reset threshold (%)

0.1

0.1

Breaker units
Open pole detection
It detects whether one of the poles is open. It is used in other
functions, as an input value, that determinates the status of
the poles.
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Enabled

YES / NO

Reclose mode

1 POLE
3 POLES
1P/3P
DEPENDENT

Reclose number

3 Pole Reclose 1 time (s)

0.05

600

0.01

Reclose 2 time (s)

600

Reclose 3 time (s)

600

Reclose 4 time (s)

600

1 Pole Reclose 1 time (s)

0.05

600

0.01

Reclaim time Ph-Ph (s)

600

Reclaim time ground (s)

600

Time after man. closing(s)

600

600

Incomplete sequence

YES / NO

Incomplete sequence T (s)

79 Blocking level input

Logical input

79 Blocking pulse input

Logical input

79 Unblock pulse input

Logical input

Pause Reset AR time input

Logical input

Pause input

Logical input

Autoreclose sequence reset

Logical input

Configurable autoreclose

Logical input

On line pulse input

Logical input

Breaker failure 50 BF

Out of line pulse input

Logical input

It detects the operation faults of the breaker after an opening

command. The surveillance is done phase to phase.

Vref supervision

Enabled

NO / YES
V&I
I&52
V&I&52
V&I or 52

Operation type:

Voltage threshold (V)

10.0

Current threshold (I)

165.0

0.01

0.1

0.5

0.01

Unbalanced units block

YES / NO

Setting
Parameter

Minimum

Maximum

Minimum

Maximum

Delay time (s)

0.05

600

0.01

Minimum time (s)

0.05

600

0.01

Step

Enabled

Enabled

NO / YES

Start type

External trips
Internal trips
Both

Operation type

Three-pole
Single-pole

Sealed by current

NO / YES

Time signal relapse (ms)

120000

Supervision by current

1
NO / YES

Phase current threshold (A)

0.02

150

0.01

Gnd current threshold (A)

0.02

150

0.01

Retrip time delay (ms)

60000

0.5

Trip time delay (ms)

60000

0.5

Step
YES / NO

Reference Voltage input

Logical input

Synchrocheck Supervision
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Synchrocheck type:

Internal
External

Check 3pole first reclose

YES / NO

Check rest of autorecloses

Sync. delay time (s)
External sync. Permission

YES / NO
0.05

600

0.01
Logical input

Pag. 19

Locator

Synchronism 25

Locator

The
synchronism
checking
function,
also
called
"synchrocheck", is used in order to set conditions for the
closure of the breaker.
The function compares the voltage signals of a phase (in
module and angle) of the two sides of the breaker, giving
permission to close the breaker when the set conditions are
met. It can be used for both manual and automatic closure.

The fault locator processes the information gathered in each

fault, calculating the estimated distance to the fault. The
settings are primary values.
Minimum

Maximum

Line length (Kms or miles)

0.1

5,000

0.1

Z1 Imp. (Ohm p.u.length)

0.01

300

0.01

Step

Z1 angle ()

359.9

0.1

Enabled

NO / YES

Z0 Imp.(Ohm p.u.length)

0.01

300

0.01

Z0 angle ()

359.9

0.1

Side A Phase Select

A /AB
B /BC
C /CA

Y1(1/ohm p.u.length)*10e-9

50,000

0.1

Y0(1/Ohm p.u.length)*10e-9

50,000

0.1

Z1 Local Source (Ohm)

0.01

300

0.01

Z1 Local Source angle ()

359.9

0.1

Z0 Local Source (Ohm)

0.01

300

0.01

Z0 Local Source angle ()

359.9

0.1

Z1 Remote Source (Ohm)

0.01

300

0.01

Z1 Remote Source angle()

359.9

0.1

Z1eq Parallel (Ohm)

0.01

300

0.01

Z1eq Parallel angle ()

359.9

0.1

NO
Without compensation
With compensation 0
With compensation

Phase current sens. (A)

200

0.1

Ground current sens. (A)

200

0.1

Voltage sensitivity (V)

200

0.1

7,200

Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Compensation factor (Vs1)

0.1

0.01

Compensation angle (Vs1)

330

30

A-Side Voltage presence (V)

10

200

0.1

A-Side lack of Voltage (V)

10

200

0.1

Closing time

100,000

10
NO
Without compensation
With compensation 0
With compensation

Sync. Enabled (AR)

Sync. Enabled (Close)

Description
Enabled

Step
YES / NO

Voltage difference (V)

90

0.1

Locator output permanent

Frequency difference (Hz)

0.01

0.01

Locator output duration(s)

Angle difference ()

360

Line type

Sync.Time Man.closing(ms)

100,000

10

Z0M Mutual(Ohm p.u.length)

0.01

300

0.01

Sync. Time Autoreclose(ms)

100,000

10

Z0M Mutual angle ()

359.9

0.1

B-Side Voltage presence (V)

10

200

0.1

Filter enabled

B-Side lack of Voltage (V)

10

200

0.1

I Minimum after close (A)

200

Manual closing condition

Without permission
A not and B yes
A yes and B not
A not and B not
A not or B not
A xor B

Autoreclose condition

Without permission
A not and B yes
A yes and B not
A not and B not
A not or B not
A xor B

YES / NO
1
Simple / Double

YES / NO
0.1

Monitoring functions
CT monitoring
It allows the detection of a fault in any of the relay's input
channels (adaptation transformer + internal wiring),
comparing the absolute value of three times the zerozequence current 3I0 (calculated on the basis of the phase
currents) with the current measured in the neutral
transformer, taking into account the phase and neutral
transformation ratio. None of the phases should surpass 1.5
times the rated current.
Setting

Options

Enabled

YES / NO

Power supply monitoring

It detects the voltage drop of a battery below a level that
guarantess the correct interpretation of the digital inputs
state.

External power supply monitoring

It monitors the voltage of the battery, issuing an alarm signal
when it is not inside the set range.

Pag. 20

General configuration

Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Minimum Vaux (V)

10

280

Maximum Vaux (V)

10

280

Enabled

Step
YES / NO

General configuration

Temperature monitoring

Equipment general settings

It monitors the temperature of the equipment, issuing an

alarm signal when it is not inside the set range.

Setting

Options

Language

Spanish / English

Setting

Step

Functional keys blocking

NO / YES

YES / NO

Command keys blocking

NO / YES

Minimum

Maximum

Enabled
Minimum temperature (C)

-40

Functional keys (remote)

NO / YES

Maximum temperature (C)

50

100

Leds Blocking

NO / YES

Locks allowed by commands

NO / YES

IRIG-B format

B002 (without year) / B002 IEEE 1344 (with year)

Local/remote selection

Logical input

Erase records

Logical input

Breaker monitoring
It checks different parameters to detect anomalies in the
breaker.
Excessive number of trips: It checks whether the number of
trips is superior to what was programmed in a programmed
time. With the closure, a new period of time begins.

CID Loading Mode

CID validation Behaviour

NO / YES

Remote/Local Type

Not treated / Iberdrola / Exclusive / No frame

Flicker Enable

NO / YES

kI2: Following a trip, it checks if the kI2 counter is beyond

the programmed threshold (pole to pole). While in this
situation, the corresponding signal is sent to control.

Protection general settings

Setting

Options

The mechanical and electric opening and closing times are

checked to see if the surpass the set limits.

Relay ON

NO / YES

Phase order

ABC / ACB

Select Setting group 1

Logical input

Select Setting group 2

Logical input

Select Setting group 3

Logical input

Select Setting group 4

Logical input

Select Setting group 5

Logical input

Select Setting group 6

Logical input

Fault reports (prim./sec.)

Secondary / Primary

The time dispersion is checked upon de opening and closing

of each pole.
The inactivity days of the breaker are also checked.
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Step
KI2
KI
KI2t

ki2 calculation type

ki2 time (ms)

100

10

Alarm value ki2

100,000

Initial value ki2

100,000

Trips exceeded window (min)

60

Maximum number of trips

500

VT Characteristics
Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Operating Voltages
Mechanical opening T (ms)

5,000

Mechanical closing T (ms)

5,000

Phase selection

Frequency
Ground voltage ratio (VN)
Electrical opening T (ms)

5,000

Electrical closing T (ms)

5,000

Inactivity Time (days)

10,000

Opening dispersion T (ms)

1,000

Closing dispersion T (ms)

1,000

Step

50Hz/60Hz
1

10,000

0.1

Power and energy configuration

Setting

Minimum

Maximum

Change P sign

Step
YES / NO

Change Q sign

YES / NO

Active energy constant

1,000

Reactive energy constant

1,000

Pag. 21

Logics

Logics

Active settings during fault.

kI2 per phase.

Oscillography
Logical functions based on IEC 61131-3

Only available in models with extended control functions.

Up to 12 analogue channels, frequency, battery and 100

digital channels log.
Selectable sampling frequency between 16, 32, 48, 72 or 144
samples per cycle.
Programmable number of disturbance cycles up to 420
cycles.
Programmable number of prefault cycles up to 415 cycles.
de ciclos de prefalta programable hasta 415 ciclos.

The logics are run in two different tasks, each with

different priorities: one for fast logics (2ms) and one for
slow logics (10ms).

Statistics

Freely configurable in the engineering process.

Two of the languages defined in the IEC-61131-3 standard

are offered for the creation of the logics: one textual (ST) and
one graphic (FBD).
There are two different types of logics:
Control logics:

Protection logics:

Breaker information:

kI2 sum (kA for each pole of the breaker)

Available in protection models.

Reclosure counter

Execution period of 2ms.

Breaker opening counter (trips or manual) for each pole

The result of a protection logic is always a Boolean

value, to be assigned for example in one of the
protection function's settings.

Electrical operating (opening and closure) time per pole

Mechanical operating (opening and closure) time per

pole

Opening and closure dispersion for each pair of phases

Inactivity days of the breaker

Last current opened The current value is measured per

pole at the time of the trip

Maximum current opened The maximum current value is

measured per pole at the time of the trip

Data Acquisition Functions

They are stored in non-volatile memory.

Events
It records up to 1,000 events with the following info:

Date and time: Day/Month/Year Hour/Min/Sec.msec

Historical reports

Event description

It stores up to 4,000 recordings.

Date and time recording

Phase and neutral currents and voltages

Maximum and minimum average currents

Maximum
voltages

Maximum and minimum real, reactive and apparent

powers

Faults
It stores up to 20 faults with the description of the fault:

Date and time: Day/Month/Year Hour/Min/Sec.msec

Units tripped during the fault

Units started during the fault

Fault beginning date and time (first unit started)

Trip date and time (first unit tripped)

Fault end date and time (end of trips)

Current opened by breaker upon trip.

Active setting group during the fault.

Fault type and trip type (code of up to 3 letters)

Pre-fault and fault measurements of all the channels.

Calculated measurements (V and I direct, inverse and

zero-sequence sequences, total powers).

and

minimum

average

phase-to-earth

Measurements
Depending on the model, the measurements below are
available:

Phase-to-earth, neutral and average currents

Direct, inverse sequence and zero-sequence currents

Phase-to-earth, neutral and average voltages

Phase-to-phase voltages: AB, BC, CA and average

Direct, inverse sequence and zero-sequence voltages

Phase residual current

Phase restraint current

Distance to fault.

Frequency (Hz)

Thermal image temperature upon trip.

Total real power and real power per phase (MW)

Tripped phases.

Maximum phase and neutral currents and voltages

during the fault.

Total reactive power and reactive power per phase

(MVA)

Fault end date and time (end of trips).

Total apparent power and apparent power per phase

(MVA)

Positive and negative real power energy counters

Pag. 22

Communication protocols

Positive and negative reactive power energy counters

Average power factor and per phase

Fi cosine per phase an total

Current, voltage, real, reactive and apparent power

maximeter

External power supply

Internal battery

Thermal image (%)

Equipment temperature ( C)

Distance to fault (km)

Communication protocols
Front Ethernet port (RJ45)

Configuration and 61850 protocol (without Gooses)

Up to 6 serial ports (RS232, RS485, GFO or PFO) and 2

Ethernet ports (RJ45 or GFO) in the rear:

Slave Procome protocol

Slave DNP protocol

61850 protocol

Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP)

The PRP is a redundancy communication protocol defined in
the IEC 62439-3 standard and it is one of the redundancy
mechanism recommended in IEC 61850 networks.
In PRP solutions two independent ethernet networks are
used. Each device is attached to both networks and sends
and receives all the frames over both LANs simultaneously,
consumes the first frame and discards the duplicate. With this
mechanism PRP ensures zero-packet loss and zero recovery
time upon single network failures.

Link failover redundancy

With the link failover redundancy the device uses two
ethernet ports for a redundant communication. In this
redundancy mode the device communicates by one of the
ethernet ports and if there is a link failure in that port,
switches to the redundant port if the link status of that port is
active.
In this redundancy, unlike the case of PRP redundancy, it
should not be used two independent ethernet networks. The
two Ethernet ports of the equipment must be connected to
different network switches, but must belong to the same
network, so that the switches should be connected at some
point in the network.

Data set: Reports or Goose data.

High-availability Seamless Redundancy

(HSR)

Report control block: Configuration of IEC 61850 clients

communications. Buffered and Unbuffered report control
blocks available.

The HSR is a redundancy communication protocol defined in

the IEC 62439-3 standard and it is one of the redundancy
mechanism recommended in IEC 61850 networks.

In the HSR protocol the device use two redundant ethernet

ports and the protocol is based on the simultaneous
transmission and reception of data via both independent
ports. In the HSR networks no external switches are used,
instead each device has two ring ports, and all the devices
are connected in a ring topology, with one port of the device
connected to the previous device and the other connected to
the following device.

The main IEC 61850 services are:

Buffered report control blocks are designed to store

the events in case of a communication failure.

GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented Substation Events)

messages are used to distribute inputs, outputs,
blockings... information between IEDs at a bay level
(peer-to-peer communication) through Ethernet multicast
services (avoiding wiring).

Control: Different control models to carry out orders or

commands.

Setting group control block: Settings management

o

All device settings available in the data model and

through IEC 61850 communication

Sincronization

Files service: Configuration and data files exchanger

between client and server.

SNTP defined by IEC 61850

The data model used by the IEC 61850 is based on:

IEC 61850-7-4 Compatible logical node classes and

data classes

IEC 61850-7-3 Common data classes

Additionally the implementation in the EF platform supports:

GOOSE subscription

SNTP/NTP synchronisation.

FTP/WEB access

Pag. 23

Technical specifications

Technical specifications
Auxiliary power supply
110-125-220 Vcc
DC operating range

85 300 Vcc

AC operating range

85 265 Vca

Burden

20 W + 0.5 W per active relay

24-48 Vcc
DC operating range

18 60 Vcc

Burden

20 W + 0.5 W per active relay

Current circuits
Phases/neutral/polarisation current thermal capacity (Unified Rated Current 1/5A)
Measurement range

0.02 A to 200 A

Permanent

20 A

Thermal current 10 s.

50 A

Short duration

500 A

Very short duration (1/2 cycles)

1,250 A

Burdens at In= 5 A

<0.2 VA

Burdens at In= 1A

<0.02 VA

Voltage circuits
Thermal capacity
Measurement range

1 to 200 Vac

Rated voltages

63.5 / 120 Vac

Thermal capacity

Permanent

250 Vca

Short duration

300 Vca (1s.)

Burden at 63.5 V

<0.015 VA

Burdens at 100 VA

<0.03 VA

Closed terminals for the voltage and current input (optional)

Terminal pitch

7.62 mm (staggered)

Battery voltage measurement (optional)

Range

85 350 Vcc

Accuracy

2 % FS

Mechanical Features:
19 chassis and 5 U models approximate weight (without I/O modules)

3,5 kg.

19 chassis and 4 U models approximate weight (without I/O modules)

4,9 kg.

Approximate additional weight for each I/O module

0,4 kg.

Front IP

IP30

Optional Front IP

IP54

Pag. 24

Technical specifications

Environmental conditions
Operating temperature

-40 to +60 C

Storage temperature

-40 to +85 C

Relative humidity

Up to 95% without condensation

Tests
Climatic test

Standard

Cold

IEC -60068-2-1

-40C, 16 hours

Dry Heat

IEC -60068-2-2

+85C, 16 hours

Damp heat steady state

IEC -60068-2-78

+40C/93%RH, 96 hours

Damp heat cyclic

IEC -60068-2-30

55C / 95% HR 6 cycles of 12+12

hours

Rapid change of temperature

IEC -60068-2-14

-20C/+70C 2 cycles of 4+4 hours

External protection level

IEC60529

IP30

Electromagnetic test

Standard

1MHz burst immunity test

IEC 60255-22-1

2.5kV MC
2.5kV MD

Damped oscillatory waves immunity test

IEC 61000-4-18

2.5kV MC
2.5kV MD

Electrostatic discharge immunity test

IEC 61000-4-2

8kV/15kV

Electrical Fast transients immunity test

IEC 61000-4-4

4kV,5kHz

Surge immunity test

IEC 61000-4-5

4kV MC
2kV MD

DC power supply interruptions, dips and variations immunity test

IEC 61000-4-29

100% 300 ms
60% 300 ms
30% 5s

AC power supply interruptions and dips immunity test

IEC 61000-4-11

100% 10 ms, 20 ms, 5 s

60% 200 ms
30% 500 ms
20% 5 s

Ripple immunity test

IEC 61000-4-17

15% (50 and 100 Hz)

Measurements of Harmonic current emissions

IEC 61000-4-7 / IEC 61000-3-2

Power frequency immunity test

IEC 60255-22-7

Class B

Measuremets of radioelectric emissions

IEC 61000-6-4

Class A

Radiated radiofrequency electromagnetic field immunity test

IEC 61000-4-3

10V/m

Conducted disturbances induced by radiofrequency fields immunity

test

IEC 61000-4-6

10Vrms

50 Hz magnetic fields immunity test

IEC 61000-4-8

100 A/m 1000 A/m (2 s)

Pulse magnetic fields immunity test

IEC 61000-4-9

1000 A/m

Damped oscillatory magnetic fields immunity test

IEC 61000-4-10

100 A/m

Insulation and electrical safety test

Standard

Dielectric test

IEC 60255-5

2.5 kVac

Insulation resistance test

IEC 60255-5

> 100 M at 500Vdc.

Impulse voltage test

IEC 60255-5

5kV MC
5kV MD

Protective earthing continuity test

IEC 61131-2

30 A 0.1

Measurements of high Leakage current

IEC 60255-272

Pag. 25

Technical specifications

Mechanical test

Standard

Vibration (sinusoidal)

IEC 60255-21-1

Class I

Shocks and bumps

IEC 60255-21-2

Class I

Seismic

IEC 60255-21-3

Class I

I/O modules
Available in 24 Vcc/48 Vcc/125 Vcc/250 Vcc. Features:
Digital inputs:
24 Vcc.

48 Vcc.

125 Vcc.

250 Vcc.

Voltage levels

12-72 Vcc

37-72 Vcc

87-300 Vcc

172-300 Vcc

Inactive below:

9 Vcc.

32 Vcc.

82 Vcc.

165 Vcc.

Burden

<3 mA

Digital outputs:
Independent standard and trip outputs
Carry (Permanent)

8 A at 25 C

Make (1 s.)

30 A

Connection capacity

2500 W at 250 Vcc

220 Vcc.

125 Vcc.

48 Vcc.

Trip or close capacity (L/R = 40 ms)

0.7 A

1.0 A

1.5 A

With resistive load

1.0 A

1.5 A

2.0 A

Operating time

5 ms ON, 8 ms OFF

3-contact switched, common point signal outputs

Carry (Permanent)

5 A at 25 C

Make (1 s.)

20 A

Make (1/2 s.)

30 A
220 Vcc.

125 Vcc.

48 Vcc.

Trip or close capacity (L/R = 40 ms)

0.1 A

0.2 A

0.5 A

With resistive load

0.2 A

0.4 A

1A

Operating time

8 ms ON/OFF

h.b.c.o outputs (high break contact outputs)

Carry (Permanent)

8 A at 25 C

Make (1 s.)

30 A

Connection capacity

2500 W at 250 Vcc

220 Vcc.

125 Vcc.

48 Vcc.

Trip or close capacity (L/R = 40 ms)

10 A (L/R=20 ms)

10 A (L/R=40 ms)

10 A (L/R=40 ms)

With resistive load

10 A

10 A

10 A

Cyclic capacity

4 cycles in 1 second, 2 minutes waiting for thermal dissipation

5 ms ON, 5 ms OFF (Resistive load)
6 ms ON, 14 ms OFF (L/R = 40 ms)

Operating time

Analogue inputs
Type

AI 1

AI 2

AI 3

AI 4

AI 5

AI 6

AI 7

AI 8

+/- 5mA

+/- 5mA

+/- 2.5mA

+/- 2.5mA

+/- 2.5mA

+/- 2.5mA

+/- 20mA

+/- 20mA

Options for each input: 1mA, 2.5mA, 5mA, 20mA, 5V, 10V

Note: It depends on L/R. Consult Ingeteam.

Pag. 26

Technical specifications

Module types
Redundant power supply module

32 inputs module

16 inputs and 8 analogue inputs module

Simple power supply module: 6 inputs / 4 outputs

16 inputs and 8 analogue inputs module (4 isolated)

11 digital inputs and 9 outputs module

8 inputs, 4 digital outputs (h.b.c.o) and 4 digital outputs module

16 inputs and 16 digital outputs module

8 inputs, 8 digital outputs

16 inputs and 8 digital outputs module

Pag. 27

Technical specifications

Communication ports
Front communication port
Ethernet RJ45
RJ45 connector
Cable type
Cable length
Insulation
Communication speed
USB
Version
Operating mode
Speed
Insulation

RJ45 female
Shielded
100 m max.
500 V
10/100 Mbps
Compatible with USB 2.0
Master
480 Mbps (high-speed), 12 mbps (full-speed) or 1.5 Mbps (low-speed)
500 V

Rear communication port types

RS232

RS485

GFO

PFO

RS232C connector
Cable type
Cable length
Insulation

9 pin type D female DTE

Shielded
15 m max.
500 V

RS485 connector
Cable type
Cable length
Insulation

9 pin type D female DTE

Shielded crossed pair
1,000 m max.
500 V

GFO connector
Wavelength
Permitted attenuation
Multimode GFO
Maximum distance

ST
820 nm
8 db with 62.5/125 m GFO
62.5/125 m
1.5 km

PFO connector
Wavelength
Permitted attenuation

HP standard
660 nm
24,7 db with plactic cable of 1mm
22 db with 200/125 m silica cable
115 m with 1 mm plastic cable
1.9 km with 200 m silica cable
60km (E/F)
ST or LC
1310 nm
30 db
9 / 125 nm
60 Km

Maximum distance

FO single-mode
Connector
Wavelength
Permitted attenuation
Singlemode GFO
Distance
C37.94 glass optical fiber
Connector
Wavelength
Permitted attenuation
Multimode GFO
Distance

20-120km (M/N)
ST o LC
1550nm
35 dB
9 / 125nm
Maximum 120km / Minimum 20km

ST
850 nm
8 db
50/125m and 62.5/125 m
2 Km

Ethernet RJ45
RJ45 connector
Cable type
Cable length
Insulation
Communication speed

RJ45 female
Shielded
100 m max.
500V
10/100 Mbps

Pag. 28

Technical specifications

GFO Ethernet
GFO connector
Wavelength
Permitted attenuation:
Multimode GFO
Communication speed
Maximum distance
LC Ethernet
LC connector
Wavelength
Permitted attenuation:
Multimode GFO
Communication speed
Maximum distance

ST
1,300 nm
8 db with GFO
62.5/125 m
100 Mbps
1.5 km
LC duplex
1,310 nm
8 db
62.5/125 u m and 50/125um
100 Mbps
1.5 km

Irig-B input
IRIG-B output
Input
Input level
Cable type
Insulation

Demodulated
TTL
2 shielded wires
2,000 V

PPS input (pulse per second)

Input
Input level
Cable type
Insulation

Demodulated
TTL
2 shielded wires
2,000 V

Measurements
Frequency
Frequency of the programmable system
Operating range

50 or 60 Hz
Fn 5 Hz

Measurement accuracy
Current
Measurement range (0 to 1.2 x In)
At In=1/5A
0.5 % FS
Protection range (0 to 200 A)
Accuracy
1 % over the measurement or 2 mA
Voltage
Measurement range (0 to 1.2 x Vn)
At Vn=63.5/120 Vac
0.5 % FS
Protection range (0 to 200 Vac)
Accuracy
1 % over the measurement or 50 mV
Angle of phase different
Accuracy
1
Power
Measurement range (0 to 1.2 x In x 1.2 x Vn)
At In=1 A
Class 1 (1 % of Pn)
At In=5 A
Class 0.5 (0.5% of Pn)
Time accuracy
Additional time = 0ms. Currents must be above 100mA, depending on Measurement/start value:
From 1 to 1,5 times: Up to 40ms (typical 35ms)
2 times: Between 30-35ms
From 3 times: Under 30ms
Additional time higher than 50ms.
30ms or 3% of the theorical value (the higher of the two)

Pag. 29

Construction features

Construction features

Fig. 1.10 Half a chassis (1/2 19)

Fig. 1.11 19" chassis and 4U

Pag. 30

Rear views

Rear views

Fig. 1.12 Ingepac EF rear view with a 19" chassis and 4U

Fig. 1.13 Ingepac EF rear view with half a 19" chassis and 5U

Fig. 1.14 Ring-type I/O boards terminals

Fig. 1.15 Ring-type transformers board terminals

Pag. 31

Keypad/Local display

Keypad/Local display

Fig. 1.16 19" chassis and 4U format

1. 1 colour status led.

2. Graphic display.
3. Numeric keyboard.
4. 14 functional keys.
5. Master USB Communication.
6. 19 general use leds with interchangeable labels.
7. 2 operating keys for opening and closing breakers.
8. 7 operational keys.
9. Ethernet communication.

Pag. 32

Keypad/Local display

Fig. 1.17 19" chassis and 5U format

1. 5 functional keys.

Pag. 33

Interconnection diagrams

Interconnection diagrams
The following images show the different interconnection options of the analogue inputs, according to the inputs available.

Fig. 1.18 Interconnection diagram Iphase, In, Vphase, Vsyn

Pag. 34

www.ingeteam.com