TABLE OF CONTENT

CONTENT
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Field to Finish (F2F)
1.2 The Benefits of F2F

PAGE
3
4
4

2.0 MAIN COMPONENT IN FIELD TO FINISH (F2F)

2.1 Total Station System
2.2 District Survey Office Automation System (SAPD)
2.3 Cadastral Data Management System (SPDK)
2.4 Concept of Field to Finish (F2F)
3.0 THE IMPORTANCE OF COORDINATE SYSTEM
3.1 Introduction

5
5
6
6-10
11
12
13

4.0 E-CADASTRE
4.1 Main Features of E Cadastre
4.2 Objective E-Cadastre
4.3 Main Components in E-Cadastre
4.4 Cadastre Coordinate Infrastructure

14
14
14
15
16-17

5.0 NATIONAL DIGITAL CADASTRAL DATABASE (NDCDB)

18-19

6.0 CONCLUSION

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7.0 REFERENCE

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QUESTION
Please find out the requirement and concept about the requirement snd concept about this
figure from your personal view and the fact is need to know as a surveyor.

1.0 INTRODUCTION
Surveying is an old profession which originates from ancient Egypt to about 3,000
years ago. It determines the position of certain building or land in three dimensions before
construction of any structure begins. It can be performed by licensed surveyors only since
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they are the only ones who have the proper surveying equipments. Surveying is an essential
part of mapping land boundaries, slopes, distances, features, enabling land development and
accurate land dimensions
Global Positioning System (GPS)
Global Positioning System, a system that uses satellites to determine the position and get
the coordinates of a point on the ground.

1.1 FIELD TO FINISH

Field to finish is also known as F2F.

The measurement system of ownership of land in an integrated and fully digital
There are many benefit when use fields to finish in cadastral surveying such as:
1. Improving the delivery system of land title
2. Simplify the process of working
3. Facilitate the manipulation of information
4. Infrastructure Field to Finish available
5. Optimize technologist

1.2 THE BENEFITS OF F2F

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Benefit of F2F to Client

1. Plan of Land can be generated quickly
2. The service desk more efficient
3. Provide information on land title transactions for E-Commerce every time
4. To provide information only in GIS format
Benefit to Organisation
1. Improving the quality of work
2. Increase productivity
3. Save time and costs
4. Improve ICT skills of staff
5. Facilitate the maintenance and updating of information Size of Land
6. Establishing a Cadastral Database terkini7. Improve the integrity of staff
Benefit to country
1. PDUK and SPID for development planning
2. Basis of GIS and mapping utility
3. Contributing to the efficiency of land management system

2.0 MAIN COMPONENT IN FIELD TO FINISH (F2F)

1. Total Station System (STS) Total Station, Toughbook, TSM
2. Regional Office Automation System (SAPD) update management in PUD and technical
data in the field. Monitor the movement and progress of the survey team
3. Cadastral Data Management System (SPDK) Spek, SPID, Counter, E-Commerce

2.1 TOTAL STATION SYSTEM (STS)

STS is involved in measurement and usage of the field
The two main components:
1. Total Station

2. Software On-Board Cadastre

The two main components: Total Station and software On-Board Cadastre

PEKELILING KETUA PENGARAH UKUR DAN PEMETAAN

BIL. 11 TAHUN 2005
KEWAJIPAN JURUUKUR TANAH BERLESEN MENGEMUKAKAN DATAUKURAN
KADASTER BERDIGIT
This circular is intended to require a Licensed Land Surveyor (LLS) to produce digital
cadastral data to the Director of Survey and Mapping (PUPN), consistent with full
implementation
'Field-to-Finish'
(F2F) at the Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia (JUPEM).

2.2 DISTRICT SURVEY OFFICE AUTOMATION SYSTEM (SAPD)

Through this system, all management information in the District Survey Office and technical
data of field measurements to establish integrated management system entirely based on ICT.
The information from the project Cadastral Data Management System (SPDK) at JUPEM
State transmitted to Total Station and the information from the Total Station was sent back to
SPDK. With the dissemination of information on a bilateral basis, allowing field ukurandi
implemented more effectively and reduce labor factor questions. Monitoring the movement
of work, progress measurement team, position the management of capital assets and the
relevant District Survey Office also can be done by simple and fast.

District Survey Office Automation System (SAPD)

2.3 CADASTRAL DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (SPDK)

Goals SPDK is to create Cadastral Database (PDUK) and also image library plans Certified
(PA). This system involves activities such as the production of Certified Plan, a product of
cadastral survey digital, database management cadastral digital, database management
cadastral survey data (PDUK) and System data PengurusanPangkalan Image Document
(SPID). Through this system workforce capable of providing digital land surveying services
more efficient and more customer-oriente

The Main Features of SPDK

Cadastral Complete Solution
Access map of Freehold on-line through process-based cadastral concept of 'Field to Finish'
Data Management
The concept of Open Database, Database is accurate, current, integrity and security, as well
as the Fastest Search Engine is assured.
Fastest Data Access
The latest counter service and internet performance information kiosks with touch screen
A GIS Database
Coordinated base layer 'Polygonised Geometry Geo-reference' sharpshooter.
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Cadastral Database (PDUK)

1. Intends digital database only in connection with land lots
2. Cadastral Survey will store the digital cadastral base map used to build GIS applications
and applications related to land.

Cadastral Data Management System

(SPDK)

Components SPDK
SPDK major sub-systems are: Aspects (Quality Assurance System)
SPID (Document Image Management Sy
Counter Service
Electronic Commerce

Documentary Image Management System (SPID)

 Operating System and database management which contains scanned images of all plans plans to admit the Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia

Documentary Image Management System (SPID)

Scan CP & Edit Raster
Create Database Record
View & Print
Job Monitoring

SYSTEM QUALITY ASSURANCE (SPEK)

Module for maintaining the integrity and accuracy in generating Digital Cadastral Data Base
(NDCDB).

SYSTEM QUALITY ASSURANCE (SPEK)

1. Quality Assurance
Check Out Sourced Data
Check Updated Data
2.

Update to
NDCDB

Maintain an
open
NDCDB as a
single
Database

3.

Job
Monitoring

SERVICE COUNTER
SPDK not only upgrade the existing counter services for the convenience of its customers but
also contribute more results. SPDK not only upgrade the existing counter services for the
convenience of its customers but also contribute more results.

SERVICE COUNTER
1.Access Data in:
DCDB
SPID
SRS
2.Computerised Billing System
3.Info Kiosks
4.Internet Home Page
Public Access & Orders
5.Remote Access from DS Office
6.Voice Answering Service For Dial-In Enquiry
2.4 CONCEPT OF FIELD TO FINISH (F2F)
CONCEPT OF FIELD TO FINISH (F2F)
FIELD SURVEYING
(TSM )TITLE SURVEY MODULE
16 ASCII FILE
E-SUBMIT
ESRS
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CPS / DCPS
PENGARAH UKUR LULUS
PELAN AKUI SPID
GENERATE GRAFIK AND
KEMASKINI DATA - SPEKOUTPUT HARD COPY / OUTPUT
DIGITAL
PA & JK / DIGITAL PA & PDUK

As a surveyor we should know about STS and SAPD capable of preparation, processing, and
reviewing the results of measurements at the District Survey Office. These facilitate the
examination and determination of the quality of survey data that is sent to the Processing Unit
Cadastre. In addition, SPDK also has functions that facilitate the work of processing and
revision. Hence, the process can work to optimize the use of labor at all levels of workrelated.

3.0 THE IMPORTANCE OF COORDINATE SYSTEM IN SURVEYING

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3.1 Introduction
Since 1995, Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia (DSMM) has embarked on a
modernisation program that saw the dramatic computerisation of both its office and field
processes of its cadastral survey division. The Digital Cadastral Database was created by
capturing the surveyed accurate information of all land parcels. Under the e-Cadastre project,
a comprehensive nationwide readjustment of the meshwork of parcels will be carried out
based on a new geocentric datum concept. The Real Time Kinematic Global Positioning
System (RTKGPS) has seen the setting up of permanent stations established to provide
precise geocentric positioning to assist the Coordinated Cadastral System implementation.
This network is to be implemented to support the e-Cadastre project.
The current system of cadastral survey is yet unable to capitalise on the advent of satellite
based technologies. A complete revamp of the system is required before any improvement to
the delivery system could be achieved. The new environment will allow various cadastral
survey processes, such as planning, layout design submission, field data capture, completed
job submission, quality control and approval, to be carried out remotely via the mobile
telecommunication network. Global Positioning System (GPS) will provide real time
positioning at centimetre resolution homogenously for the entire country and coordinates will
replace relative measurements as the ultimate proof of boundary mark position. Additional
features such as building footprint and space images will be incorporated into the new
database in a move towards a multipurpose cadastre.

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4.0 E-CADASTRE
eCadastre is a system that utilizes ICT technology : GIS and current surveying are aimed to
expedite and to stabilize in the delivery of the cadastre survey system throught the effective
integrated system. It involves reshuffle from the conventional measurement work process
Bowditch and transit to Survey Accurate Coordinate throught Least Square Adjustment and
established National Digital Cadastre Database (NDCDB) and Strata Survey database /
Scratum /Marine (PDUSSM)

4.1 Main Features of E -Cadastre

1. Use of GDM 2000 (Geocentric Datum Malaysia) for cadastral survey
2. Use of GPS and GIS for data acquisition
3. Use of GPS for control transfer (MyRTKNet)
4. Creation Cadastral Control Infrastructure (CCI)
5. Introduction of LSA for cadastral survey
6. Web based integration between field and office
7. Permit real time digital submission of new survey
8. Automation validation and processing of survey
9. Completion of National Digital Cadastral Database (NDCDB)
10. Online delivery of raster title to Land Office

4.2 Objective E-Cadastre

1. To improve the delivery system in cadastral survey
2. To expedite the issuance of title
3. To benefits the citizen who will receive the final title within a short time
4. To generate greater confidence level in land dealings
5. To enhance be fully integrated with Land Office in e-Land

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4.3 There are three main components in e-Cadastre, namely Coordinated Cadastral
System, Virtual Survey System and Cadastral Data Integrity System.
The implementation of a Coordinated Cadastral System is a major part of the e-Cadastre
project that includes field and office reengineering to reduce processes and increase the use of
digital technology.
The Virtual Survey System will equip the field surveyor with ICT, total station, GIS and
GPS. The surveyor will be able to interact with the system to extract information that is
essential in field operations. Most of the work is automated to reduce tedious computation.
Cadastral Data Integrity System comprises all the office application related to cadastre, which
include pre-survey verification, field survey data computation and verification, digital title
plans generation and approval. In order to implement multipurpose 3D cadastre in Malaysia,
new requirements are needed to capture the data in threedimensional(on surface, above
surface and below surface) to cater for strata, stratum surface. This process will be performed
in the Electronic Strata Module consisting of the Strata Lodgement Module, Electronic Strata
Survey Module and Strata Verification Module. The Strata Lodgement Module is developed
especially to fulfil the requirement of a spatial database for strata, while the Electronic Strata
Survey Module is developed to perform strata job verification on the ground and at same time
perform data collection, and the Strata Verification Module is developed mainly to fulfil the
needs of spatial usage for data checking from field check

Coordinated Cadastral System

CCS or coordinate system (ccs) can be interpreted based on several levels of cadastral
maps captured by digitizing existing maps of the database. The coordinates are shown for
each block, is estimated to have a corner lot utmost accuracy and precision +/- 1 to +/- 2
meters of the exact coordinates. The most important thing in this assessment is the only
appropriate interpretation for the purposes of evaluation and planning. In the assessment of
cadastral surveying is not suitable because of the cadastral measurements require a high
relative utmost accuracy and precision
Next, the second assessment, namely the creation of digital cadastral database or
NDCDB based on the coordinates of which are obtained through measurements in the field
and have the accuracy of which is so high. This assessment is also supported by the
distribution network control point so that solid DCBS adjustment will produce a uniform
coordinate. The assessment system is suitable for use in the determination of boundaries and
remeasurement because it has a high absolute accuracy.

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The third assessment focuses on processes related to real estate affairs. Real estate
affairs meant in this case is the transfer of land and many more that need to be adjusted. This
assessment will involve government agencies such as the Jabatan Perancangan,
Assessment, Forestry and others who have a stake in the ground under custody.
Characteristics of CCS

Digital cadastre database DCBD

Coordinate
Cadastral survey practice
Cadastral control infrastructure
Common national coordinate system

4.4 Cadastre Coordinate Infrastructure

-CCI is coordinate cadastral infrastructure. This coordinate is the subtopic of the

Cafadtral Coordinate System (CCS)
- CCI project was established on October 2007 until August 2008
The main reason CCI created because to provide GPS network at every 500m grid
intervals.
CCI project reference mark were established
GPS observation on CCI marks
Connection is tie up to existing boundary mark to get the accurate value.

Cadastral Coordinate Infrastructure (CCI)

To create National Digital Cadastral Database (NDCDB), the strategy taken consists of the
following.
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Continued from the successful implementation of the Melakas NDCDB

A homogeneous and seamless database with survey accurate coordinate
Embark on the national GDM 2000 datum:
Integration with mapping databases and satellite imagenery
Creation of Cadastral Control Infrastructure (CCI)
Support the implementation of utility mapping.

5.0 NATIONAL DIGITAL CADASTRAL DATABASE (NDCDB)

NDCDB (National Digital Cadastral Database) is a new survey phrase for land surveyor in
cadastral survey. This database is created because JUPEM found discrepanciesor gaps exist
on the graphical display with the value of bearings and distances from certified plan stored in
the DCDB system
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DCDB stand for Digital Cadastral Database. This database was created by JUPEM or more
precise word is Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia (DSMM) by using CALS
(Computer Assisted Land Survey System). The computerization of CALS started from Johor
in year 1985, followed by Pahang in year 1990 and others state from 1995
National Digital Cadastral Database is a cadastral database stored in a
computer system for the whole of
Malaysia (except Sabah & Sarawak)
The objective of Homogenous NDCDB for more integrity
and flexibility;
Adapting the use of GNSS technology;
Equip staff with least squares adjustment
skills;
Provide control in areas that have high
accuracy NDCDB;
Comprehensive NDCDB by 2020; and
GIS-ready NDCDB.

The information of cadastral surveying such as bearing, distance, lot no, CP no, and
coordinate system, land owner name, other information relating to cadastral suvey. The
accuracy of NDCDB for rural area is about 0.100m while in other area is 0.050m. The
previous observation data which in low accuracy need to transpose into NDCDB.
In National Digital Cadastral Database (NDCDB), the content is graphical database generated
from adjusted final coordinate of boundary marks. The consistency input data quality from
adjusted coordinate. CCI point were used to adjust DCDB point using Least Square
Adjustment. NDCDB data are seamless as it uses common geocentric datum through
Peninsular Malaysia.
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Network control point is one very important aspect in any such working measurement field.
Network control points will be used as the datum or references before starting any work
measurement. To meet the requirements of eKadaster in Malaysia, CRM was introduced as
one of the control points can be used as a datum in cadastral surveying work in Malaysia.
CRM or Mark is a Cadastral Reference Cadastral Reference Signs station coordinate
GDM2000 adopted for the purpose of adjustment of cadastral survey data. Geocentric datum
Malaysia (GDM2000) means the datum in which the coordinate system is based International
Terrestrial Reference Frame 2000. Origin of the coordinate system is GDM2000 in the center
of mass of the earth or with other terms as geocentric; "(Cadastral Survey Regulations 2009,
2009, PKPU bil5 / 2009)

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6.0 CONCLUSION
There are a lot of step in improving accuracy in measuring cadaster especially with the
creation of the cadastral system.This technological innovation not only bring in advanced
technology into our country but established new skills to surveyors in Malaysia. we as the
new generation must act quickly in order for the country's rapid pace of technology we can
have progress in this area and be an example to other countries. as a surveyor we must
increase the training, particularly in the digital data recording system because this thing is
growing towards progress. as a surveyor we must be competent in basic measurements in the
field.

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7.0 REFERENCE

http://eprints.utm.my/3846/1/74270.pdf
http://fght.utm.my/tlchoon/files/2015/09/1213-New-Cadastral-System-in-Malaysia-Applied2SV.pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surveying

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