Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering

Universiti Malaysia Pahang

BKC2463 SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
MATERIAL
Assignment 2

70

Question 1
Compare steel and cast iron with respect to (a) chemical constituent/composition and heat
treatment, (b) microstructure, and (c) mechanical characteristics

Question 2
Using isothermal transformation diagram in Appendix, specify the nature of final
microstructure (in terms of micro constituents present and approximate percentage of
each) of a small specimen that has been subjected to the following time-temperature
treatments:
a) From 750oC, cool rapidly to 350oC, hold for 15 minutes
b) From 750oC, cool rapidly to 350oC, hold for 150 s, quench to room temperature
c) From 750oC, rapidly cool to 650oC, hold for 20 s, rapidly cool to 400oC, hold for
2 h and 40 minutes
d) Heat for 1 h at 750oC, water quench, reheat 1 h at 350oC
e) Heat for 1 h at 750oC, water quench, reheat 1 h at 700oC
* You are required to illustrate each heat treatment process on the given Appendix and
submit together with the answer sheet

Question 3
Describe the Jominy hardenability test, and explain how the data for the plotting of the
Jominy hardenability curve are obtained and how the curve is constructed. Support your
explanation with proper curve and diagram.

Question 4
a) Using proper illustration and diagram, describe the grain shape changes that occur
when a sheet of alloyed copper with an original equiaxed grain structure is coldrolled with 50 percent cold reduction.
b) Supposed a copper wire is cold-drawn from 2.80 diameter to 2.40 mm diameter.
Calculate the percentage cold work which the wire undergoes. Using Figure 1,
estimate the tensile strength, yield strength,and ductility of the 2.40 mm copper wire.

Figure 1: Mechanical properties of percentage cold-work for steel, brass, and copper

Question 5
Make a comparison between glass, glass-ceramic and ceramic materials as related to their
(a) chemical constituents, (b) microstructure, (c) mechanical properties, and (d)
fabrication method.

Question 6
If a particular type of polyethylene has a molecular mass of 150,000 g/mol, what is the
degree of polymerization?

Question 7
By using appropriate example, describe the atomic structural arrangement of a
thermoplastic, thermoset, and elastomers.

Question 8
Calculate the average molecular weight for a thermoplastic material which has the mean
molecular weight fractions for the molecular weight ranges listed in Table 1.
Table 1: Molecular weight fraction data for a thermoplastic material
Molecular
weight Mean
molecular Molecular
weight
range (g/mol)
weight
fraction
5,000-10,000
7,500
0.11
10,000-15,000
12,500
0.17
15,000-20,000
17,500
0.26
20,000-25,000
22,500
0.22
25,000-30,000
27,500
0.14
30,000-35,000
32,500
0.10

Question 9
Calculate (a) the modulus of elasticity, (b) tensile strength, and (c) the fraction of the load
carried by the fiber for the following composite material stressed under isostrain
conditions. The composite consist of a continuous glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin
produced by using 60% by volume of glass fibers having a modulus of elasticity of Ef =
72.4 GPa and a tensile strength of 2.4 GPa and hardened epoxy resin with a modulus of
Em = 3.1 GPa and a tensile strength of 62 MPa

Question 10
It is desired to produce an aligned carbon fiber-epoxy matrix composite having a
longitudinal tensile strength of 500 MPa. Calculate the volume fraction of fibers
necessary if given:
- the average fiber diameter and length are 0.01 mm and 0.5 mm, respectively
- the fiber fracture strength is 4.0 GPa
- the fiber-matrix bond strength is 25 MPa, and
- the matrix stress at composite failure is 7.0 MPa

End of Questions

Appendix