ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

It has been privilege for us to be associated with Prof. P.B Pahilwan our project guide. We
have been greatly benefited by his valuable guidance, suggestions and new creative ideas. We
express our deep sense of gratitude of appreciation and gratefulness towards his constant support
and encouragement, for his kindness, moral support and patience throughout the work. We
profoundly thank him for all and owe much than we could possibly express.
We are thankful to theDr. R.A. Kapgate Principal of institute, for giving us opportunity to
present our project, Head of Civil Engineering Department Prof.P.M.Aher, for providing the
required facilities to complete this project report. Prof. V.B. Kokate, Lecturer in Department of
Civil Engineering, to give their timely required help and support to do the project work successfully
and allow us to thank them.

Miss. Bhate Mayuri D

Miss. Ahire Pranjal S
Miss. Mane Monika R
Miss. Korke Shivani A

INDEX
Sr No.

Name of topic
TITLE PAGE
CERTIFICATE
EXAMINERS CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
CONTENT
LIST OF FIGURES
ABSTRACT

Introduction
1.1 General
1.1.1 Brief History
1.1.2 3Ds Max brief
1.1.3 Technical description about 3Ds
Max
1.2 Necessity
1.3 Objectives
Methodology
2.1 Working with 3DS Max
2.2 Features
2.3 Function and major output from

5
7
9
9
9
10

3Ds Max
2.4 3Ds Max support the modeling

10

Process
2.5 Geometrical features
Case study
3.1 Case study-1
Case study on bridge structure
3.1.1 The Key civil visualization steps
3.2 Case study -2

4
5

Page no
I
II
III
IV
V
VII
VIII
1
1
2
3
5

Case study on residential building

Results and discussions
Conclusion
References
Appendix-A
Appendix-B

11
16

16
31
36
37

LIST OF FIGURES
Sr No.

Name of figure

Page No

Flow of 3D data transfer

Standard primitive features

11

Extended primitive features

12

Door features

13

5
6

Window features
Stair features

14
14

AEC Extended

15

Converting 2D data into 3D

17

Draping orthographic design

18

10

Addition of road marking

19

11
12

Effects and lighting scence in 3Ds Max

Unit setup

20
21

13

Initial setting scheme

22

14

Mintel Daylight effect

22

15

Daylight system

23

16

View explorer

25

17
18

Daylight effect
Rendering effect

25
27

19

Metal fatal

28

20

Effect of motion

28

21

Unit setup

30

22

Fig No3.1 Ground floor plan

31

23
24

Fig No3.2 First floor plan

Fig No3.3 Second floor plan

31
32

25

Fig No3.4 3D plan extruded up to plinth

32

26

Fig No3.5 Total interior design

33

Abstract
This thesis details experimental work and finite element simulations of reinforced concrete
beams retrofitted with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). The objectives of this study were to
investigate the behavior of retrofitted beams experimentally, develop a finite element model
describing the beams, verifying the finite element model against the experimental results and finally
investigating the influence of different parameters on the behavior of the retrofitted beams.
. The concrete was modeled using a plastic damage model and two models, a perfect bond
model and a cohesive model, were evaluated for the concrete-CFRP interface. From the analyses the
load deflection relationships until failure, failure modes and crack patterns were obtained and
compared to the experimental results. The FEM results agreed well with the experiments when
using the cohesive model regarding failure mode and load capacity while the perfect bond model
was not able to represent the debonding failure mode. The results showed that when the length of
CFRP increases the load capacity of the beam increases both for shear and flexural retrofitting.
FEM results also showed that the width and stiffness of CFRP affect the failure mode of retrofitted
beams. The maximum load increases with increased width.
Increased CFRP stiffness increases the maximum load only up to a certain value of the
stiffness, and thereafter it decreases the maximum load.

LIST OF ABBREVATION
RCC

Reinforced Cement Concrete

PED

Passive Energy Dissipating

SMAs

Shape Memory Alloys

ESR

Elevated Storage Reservoir

FRP

Fiber Reinforced Polymer

SIMCON

Slurry Infiltrated Mat Concrete

LRP

Laminated Rubber Bearing

ACM

Advanced Composite Materials

SBI

Seismic Base Isolation

FPS

Friction Pendulum System

PED

Passive Energy Dissipating

DBE

Design Basis Earthquake

MCE

Maximum Credible Earthquake