Useful Adjectives-Adverbs-Similes-Proverbs-Phrases,

Idioms and Expressions for UPSR English Paper 2

FEELINGS
angry
anxious
bored
shy
scared
puzzled
surprised
happy
sad
excited
gloomy
joyful
sleepy
tired
hungry
ill
worried
confident
hungry

CHARACTER
arrogant
brave
clumsy
courageous
diligent
hardworking
intelligent
clever
smart
funny
strict
selfish
pleasant
rude
polite
talkative
quiet
humble
friendly

CONDITIONS

FEATURES

dirty

long-lasting

clean

expensive

tidy

cheap

neat

high-quality

cold

delicious

hot

modern

crowded

old-fashioned

empty

challenging

hectic

easy

bad

difficult

LOOKS
attractive
beautiful
big
nice
dark
elegant
fair
gorgeous
handsome
tall
short
small
spacious
neat
large
tiny
good-looking
ugly
hideous

good

interesting

terrible

suitable

excellent

reasonable

new

useful

old

educational

comfortable

nutritious

enjoyable

heavy

dull

light

hectic

affordable

1. jolly = happy
2. tasty = delicious
3. wise = brilliant
4. afraid = scared
5. kindness
6. helpful
7. wonderful
8. overjoyed
9. caring
10. tired
11. filial = dutiful
12. cheerful
13. obedient
14. comfortable
15. humorous
16. nervous
17. embarrassed
18. satisfied
19. interesting
20. dull
21. grand
22. special = unique
23. diligent
24.talented
25.awesome
26.greedy
27. good-hearted
28.relieve
29. thirsty

31. honest
32. useful
33. wealthy
34. grateful=thankful
35.furious
36.careful
37.expensive
38. tidy
39. neat
40. favourite
41. horrible=terrible
42.careless
43. selfish
44.patient
45. stingy
46.tough
47.generous=kind
48. rude
49. polite
50. successful
51. inconsiderate
52. popular
53. shady
53. lovely
54. responsible
55. naughty
56. hospitality
57. efficient
59. convenient
2

61. mischievous
62. demanding
63. thoughtful
64. inventive
65. courageous
66. humble
67. energetic
68. shy
69.good-natured
70. outgoing
71. faithful
72. smart
73. noble
74. dedicated
75. humane
76. trustworthy
77. reasonable
78. light-hearted
79. fit=healthy
80. big-headed
81. well-behaved
82. well-mannered
83. merciful
84. forgiving
85. patriotic
86. warm
87. sociable
88. appetizing
89. absent-minded

30. hungry

60. gigantic

90. precious

ADVERBS
shout angrily
laugh happily
wait patiently
dance gracefully
run quickly
shine brightly
write neatly
talk loudly
smile sweetly
growl fiercely
walk carefully
crept quietly
did badly
run smoothly
smile broadly
talk rudely
play skillfully
blow strongly
walk clumsily
work smartly

fight bravely
sing sweetly
cry sadly
walk slowly
flow swiftly
rain heavily
talk softly
play happily
drive slowly
eat hungrily
sleep soundly
walk quickly
listen attentively
live happily
speak fluently
cheer loudly
read carefully
answer cleverly
wept bitterly
play fairly

accurately
beautifully
carefully
diligently
excellently
faithfully
gracefully
hungrily
loudly
nicely
neatly
obviously
pleasantly
quickly
soundly
tidily
skillfully
slowly
softly
definitely

Useful Phrases for Note Expansion

1.
2.
3.
4.

5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

It was a bad day / an unlucky day for him

it is not my day
He had learnt his lesson.
She was glad that she had done a good deed.
She hopes that their friendship will last forever.
Ali regrets that he does not heed the advice of his parents.
He promised not to repeat his mistakes again in the future.
We had an enjoyable time / a great time together.
We enjoyed ourselves very much during the trip / at the
party
The old woman thanked me for my honesty/ help/ kindness.
3

surely
truly
clearly
lovingly
gently
excitedly
joyfully
cheerfully
sadly
fast
well
badly
terribly
quietly
busily
attentively
accidentally
proudly
comfortably
patiently

10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.

He promised that he would never be playful again.

She promised never to tell lies again.
She has a heart of gold. / She is kind-hearted.
A friend in need is a friend indeed
One good turn deserves another / Do well and have well / Kindness begets
kindness
Turn over a new leaf
Good watch prevent misfortune
Unpleasant advice is a good medicine
Honesty is the best policy
Misfortunes never come alone / It never rains but it pours
Patience is the best remedy
Prevention is better than cure / Better be safe than sorry

SC CARDS

SC CARD 1
1. Place / Location / Event
This is a (name of place / location / event).

2. People / Animals / Things / Plants

There is a (singular noun).
There are (plural noun).

3. Activities
(Singular subject) is (verb + ing).
(Plural subject) are (verb + ing).

4. Adjectives (Feelings / Look)

(Singular subject) is (adjectives).
(Plural subject) are (adjectives).

SC CARD 2
1. Add adjectives
(beautiful, big, happy, excited, angry, busy, etc.)

2. Add adverbs
(busily, happily, soundly, gracefully, sweetly, etc.)

3. Write compound sentences

- Use conjunctions: and, but, while, because, or

4. Write complex sentences (if you can)

The (subject), who/which (is/are) (verb+ing/adjective), (is/are)
(verb+ing/adjectives).

SUBJECT GROUPS
Group 1

Group 2

am

do

have

was

did

had

She

is

does

has

It

was

did

had

We

are

do

have

They

were

did

had

He

Ali (SN)
Group 3

You

Ali and Abu

(PN)

SN Singular Noun
PN Plural Noun

FORMS OF VERBS
Present Tense

Continuous

Past Tense

Perfect Tense

Future

Notes
Malay

Every day

Every day

Tense
Now I am/he

Yesterday

Already I

Tense
Tomorrow

he

is/they are

I/he/they

have/he

I/he/we

(G1 & G3)

(G2)

(G1, G2, G3)

(G1, G2,

has/they

will...

G3)

have

(G1, G2,

bathing
beating
beginning
bending
biting
blowing
borrowing
breaking
bringing
brushing
building
burning
burying
buying
climbing
catching
combing
coming
cycling
digging
Continuous

bathed
beat
began
bent
bit
blew
borrowed
broke
brought
brushed
built
burnt/burned
buried
bought
climbed
caught
combed
came
cycled
dug
Past Tense

(G1, G2, G3)

bathed
beaten
begun
bent
bitten
blown
borrowed
broken
brought
brushed
built
burnt/burned
buried
bought
climbed
caught
combed
come
cycled
dug
Perfect Tense

G3)
bathe
beat
begin
bend
bite
blow
borrow
break
bring
brush
build
burn
bury
buy
climb
catch
comb
come
cycle
dig
Future

Notes
Malay

bathe
beat
begin
bend
bite
blow
borrow
break
bring
brush
build
burn
bury
buy
climb
catch
comb
come
cycle
dig

bathes
beats
begins
bends
bites
blows
borrows
breaks
brings
brushes
builds
burns
buries
buys
climbs
catches
combs
comes
cycles
digs
Present Tense

Every day

Every day

Tense
Now I am/he

Yesterday

Already I

Tense
Tomorrow

he

is/they are

I/he/they

have/he

I/he/we

(G1 & G3)

(G2)

(G1, G2, G3)

(G1, G2,

has/they

will...

G3)

have

(G1, G2,

dived
did
danced
drew
drank
drove
ate
failed

(G1, G2, G3)

dived
done
danced
drawn
drunk
driven
eaten
failed

G3)
dive
do
dance
draw
drink
drive
eat
fail

dive
do
dance
draw
drink
drive
eat
fail

dives
does
dances
draws
drinks
drives
eats
fails

diving
doing
dancing
drawing
drinking
driving
eating
failing

fall
fight
fly
forget
get
give
go
grow
hang
hide
hold
keep
kick
kneel
leave
lie
make
pay
ride
ring
sell
run
say
see
sell
send
sew
shake
shine
shout
shoot
show
skip
sing
smile

falls
fights
flies
forgets
gets
gives
goes
grows
hangs
hides
holds
keeps
kicks
kneels
leaves
lies
makes
pays
rides
rings
sells
runs
says
sees
sells
sends
sews
shakes
shines
shouts
shoots
shows
skips
sings
smiles
Present Tense

falling
fighting
flying
forgetting
getting
giving
going
growing
hanging
hiding
holding
keeping
kicking
kneeling
leaving
lying
making
paying
riding
ringing
selling
running
saying
seeing
selling
sending
sewing
shaking
shining
shouting
shooting
showing
skipping
singing
smiling
Continuous

fell
fought
flew
forgot
got
gave
went
grew
hung
hid
held
kept
kicked
knelt
left
lay
made
paid
rode
rang
sold
ran
said
saw
sold
sent
sewed
shook
shone
shouted
shot
showed
skipped
sang
smiled
Past Tense

fallen
fought
flown
forgotten
got
given
gone
grown
hung
hidden
held
kept
kicked
knelt
left
lain
made
paid
ridden
rung
sold
run
said
seen
sold
sent
sewn
shaken
shone
shouted
shot
shown
skipped
sung
smiled
Perfect Tense

fall
fight
fly
forget
get
give
go
grow
hang
hide
hold
keep
kick
kneel
leave
lie
make
pay
ride
ring
sell
run
say
see
sell
send
sew
shake
shine
shout
shoot
show
skip
sing
smile
Future

Notes
Malay

Every day

Every day

Tense
Now I am/he

Yesterday

Already I

Tense
Tomorrow

he

is/they are

I/he/they

have/he

I/he/we

(G1 & G3)

(G2)

(G1, G2, G3)

(G1, G2,

has/they

will...

G3)

have

(G1, G2,

sat
slept
smiled
spoke
spent

(G1, G2, G3)

sat
slept
smiled
spoken
spent

G3)
sit
sleep
smile
speak
spend

sit
sleep
smile
speak
spend

sits
sleeps
smiles
speaks
spends

sitting
sleeping
smiling
speaking
spending

stand
stands
steal
steals
strike
strikes
sweep
sweeps
swim
swims
take
takes
talk
talks
teach
teaches
tear
tears
tell
tells
think
thinks
throw
throws
try
tries
tie
ties
wear
wears
win
wins
wind
winds
write
writes
add
adds
allow
allows
arrive
arrives
breathe
breathes
brush
brushes
carry
carries
change
changes
close
closes
copy
copies
cook
cooks
cry
cries
divide
divides
drop
drops
fit
fits
hand
hands
drop
drops
fit
fits
hand
hands
hope
hopes
hop
hops
Present Tense

standing
stealing
striking
sweeping
swimming
taking
talking
teaching
tearing
telling
thinking
throwing
trying
tying
wearing
winning
winding
writing
adding
allowing
arriving
breathing
brushing
carrying
changing
closing
copying
cooking
crying
dividing
dropping
fitting
handing
dropping
fitting
handing
hoping
hopping
Continuous

stood
stole
struck
swept
swam
took
talked
taught
tore
told
thought
threw
tried
tied
wore
won
wound
wrote
added
allowed
arrived
breathed
brushed
carried
changed
closed
copied
cooked
cried
divided
dropped
fitted
handed
dropped
fitted
handed
hoped
hopped
Past Tense

stood
stolen
struck
swept
swum
taken
talked
taught
torn
told
thought
thrown
tried
tied
worn
won
wound
written
added
allowed
arrived
breathed
brushed
carried
changed
closed
copied
cooked
cried
divided
dropped
fitted
handed
dropped
fitted
handed
hoped
hopped
Perfect Tense

stand
steal
strike
sweep
swim
take
talk
teach
tear
tell
think
throw
try
tie
wear
win
wind
write
add
allow
arrive
breathe
brush
carry
change
close
copy
cook
cry
divide
drop
fit
hand
drop
fit
hand
hope
hop
Future

Notes

Every day

Every day

Tense
Now I am/he

Yesterday

Already I

Tense
Tomorrow

Malay

he

is/they are

I/he/they

have/he

I/he/we

(G1 & G3)

(G2)

(G1, G2, G3)

(G1, G2,

has/they

will...

G3)

have

(G1, G2,

hurried
joined

(G1, G2, G3)

hurried
joined

G3)
hurry
join

hurry
join

hurries
joins

hurrying
joining

10

drive
jump
laugh
live
lock
open
read
reply
row
stop
study
type
use
walk
wait
cut
hit
hurt
let
put
push
shut
pull
sink

drives
jumps
laughs
lives
locks
opens
reads
replies
rows
stops
studies
types
uses
walks
waits
cuts
hits
hurts
lets
puts
pushes
shuts
pulls
sinks

driving
jumping
laughing
living
locking
opening
reading
replying
rowing
stopping
studying
typing
using
walking
waiting
cutting
hitting
hurting
letting
putting
pushing
shutting
pulling
sinking

drove
jumped
laughed
lived
locked
opened
read
replied
rowed
stopped
studied
typed
used
walked
waited
cut
hit
hurt
let
put
pushed
shut
pulled
sank

11

driven
jumped
laughed
lived
locked
opened
read
replied
rowed
stopped
studied
typed
used
walked
waited
cut
hit
hurt
let
put
pushed
shut
pulled
sunk

drive
jump
laugh
live
lock
open
read
replied
row
stop
study
type
use
walk
wait
cut
hit
hurt
let
put
push
shut
pull
sink

TENSES, SENTENCE STRUCTURE AND

TYPES OF SENTENCES

All English sentences are made up of three basic parts:

Subject

Verb

Ali

kicks

The girl

is

The Rest of the Sentence

the ball.
pretty.

Study the sentences below:

Subject

Verb

The rest of the sentence

Time

1.

Ali

kicks

the ball

every day.

2.

Ali

is kicking

the ball

now.

3.

Ali

kicked

the ball

yesterday.

4.

Ali

will kick

the ball

tomorrow.

Sentence 1 is in Simple

Present Tense (happens daily or regularly).

Sentence 2 is in Present

Continuous Tense (is happening now).

Sentence 3 is in Simple

Past Tense (happened in the past).

Sentence 4 is in Future

Tense (will happen in the future).

These four tenses are the basic tenses that you may use in writing English sentences.

Besides the four tenses above, there are another two important tenses that you should
know:

12

Past Continuous Tense

Ali was kicking the ball when I reached the field yesterday (was happening at some
time in the past).

Perfect Tense

Ali has

already kicked the ball (has already happened).

TYPES OF SENTENCES

1. Active and Passive Sentences

Active sentence:

Subject

Verb

Object

Ali

kicks

the ball.

Passive sentence

Object
The ball

Verb

Subject
is kicked

by Ali.

13

(Simple Present Tense)

More examples:

Active sentences

Passive sentences

Ali kicked the ball.

The ball was kicked by Ali.

Mother cooks the vegetables.

The vegetables are cooked by mother.

He drove the car.

The car was driven by him.

Siti tears the book.

The book is torn by Siti.

The policeman caught the thief.

The thief was caught by the policeman.

2. Simple and Compound Sentences

Simple sentence 1: Ali goes to school.

Simple sentence 2: Abu goes to school.

Compound sentence: Ali and Abu go to school.

A compound sentence is formed by joining two or more simple sentences using

conjunctions (and, but, or, because, so, while).

Another example:

Simple sentence 1: Ali is sick.

Simple sentence 2: Ali does not go to school.

Compound sentence: Ali is sick, so he does not go to school.

14

3. Complex sentence

A complex sentence is formed by adding a clause.

Example:

Sentence 1: The girl is my sister.

Sentence 2. The girl is wearing a blue dress.

Complex sentence: The girl who is wearing a blue dress is my sister.

clause

15

PRACTISE!
Sentence

Subject

I like to go to school.
One of the girls is missing.
Abu and Ali came here
yesterday.
She sells seashells by the
seashore.
The water is clear.
They were walking to the bus
stop.
The children are dancing
around the rose bush.
My Bonnie lies over the ocean.
She has already given the
names to the teacher.
Father cooks breakfast every
Sunday.
Wendy and her brothers
played badminton last week.
My sister and I will visit
grandmother next Tuesday.
I will get 5A in UPSR.
The cat was jumping over the
fence.
The dogs were chasing the
cat.
We were happy and excited.

16

Verb

Tense

PRACTISE!
Every day

Now

Yesterday

Tomorrow

Already

I come

I am coming

I came

I will come

I have come

She buys

She is
buying

She bought

She will buy

She has bought

We eat
It flies
He gives
You grow
They sing
I hold
The girls go
My father drives
The water flows
The man rests
One of the ladies
shouts
The thief runs
The boat sinks
The flowers
bloom
The postman
comes
All of them see
Most girls play
The tiger roars
Both boys win

17

The fan turns

I sing
Many teachers
scold
More people
leave
Each one brings
Everyone tells
Nobody pushes
No one keeps
Somebody hits
Several man see
Most of them put
It shines
The baby cries
The plant grows

18

SIMILES
as agile as a monkey
as alike as two peas
as angry as a wasp
as bald as an egg
as bashful as a schoolgirl
as beautiful as a rainbow
as big as an elephant
as black as coal
as blind as a bat
as busy as a bee
as careless as the wind
as clear as crystal
as cold as ice
as cool as a cucumber
as cunning as a fox
as deep as the sea
as easy as ABC
as faithful as a dog
as fast as lightning
as fit as a fiddle
as gentle as a dove
as graceful as a swan
as green as grass
as happy as a lark

19

as hard as iron
as playful as a kitten
as sweet as honey
as proud as a peacock
as quiet as a mouse
as steady as a rock
as tall as a giant
as tough as a leather
as white as snow
as wide as the ocean
as wise as an owl

20

ENGLISH IDIOMS AND EXPRESSIONS

Bird in the Hand Is worth Two in the Bush: Apa yang sudah pasti lebih baik dari
apa yang belum pasti.
A Blessing In Disguise: Hikmah dalam kesusahan yang berlaku.
A Piece Of Cake: Sesuatu yang sangat mudah.
A Slip Of The Tongue: Tersilap cakap.
A Wolf In Sheep's Clothing: Kejahatan yang menyamar sebagai kebaikan.
Absence Makes The Heart Grow Fonder: Apabila jarang bertemu, semakin
sayang.
Actions Speak Louder Than Words: Perbuatan lebih berkesan dari perkataan.
All That Glitters Is Not Gold: Tidak semua yang nampak menarik itu baik.
As Light As A Feather: Sangat ringan, seperti bulu burung.
Beating Around The Bush: Putar-belit.
Better Late Than Never: Lebih baik lambat, dari tidak ada langsung / tidak
pernah.
Birds Of A Feather Flock Together: Orang yang mempunyai persamaan akan
berkumpul bersama.
Burning The Midnight Oil: Bekerja hingga lewat malam.
Cross Your Fingers: Mengharapkan yang terbaik.
Cry Over Spilt Milk: Menyesal atas sesuatu yang sudah berlaku.
Curiosity Killed The Cat: Perasaan ingin tahu yang membawa kesusahan.
21

Don't Count Your Chickens Until They're Hatched: Jangan mengira hasil sebelum
berusaha (angan-angan Mat Jenin).
Don't Put All Your Eggs In One Basket: Jangan letakkan semua harapan pada
satu tempat sahaja.
Every Cloud Has A Silver Lining: Setiap kesusahan yang berlaku ada hikmahnya.
Great Minds Think Alike: Pemikiran yang sama.
Have No Idea: Tidak tahu langsung.
Head Over Heel: Jatuh cinta.
Icing On The Cake: Perkara yang baik / menggembirakan.
It Takes Two To Tango: Setiap pergaduhan melibatkan dua pihak.
Lend Me Your Ear: Tolong dengar apa yang saya ingin katakana.
Let Bygones Be Bygones: Yang berlalu biarlah berlalu.
Let The Cat Out Of The Bag: Membocorkan rahsia.
Out Of The Blue: Secara tiba-tiba
Out Of the Frying Pan and into the Fire: Dari satu kesusahan, ke satu kesusahan
yang lain.
Practice Makes Perfect: Latihan berterusan akan memahirkan kita.
Pulling Your Leg: Bergurau.
Rome Was Not Built In One Day: Tidak ada jalan pintas ke arah kejayaan.
Second Nature: Kemahiran yang sudah menjadi satu kebiasaan harian.
22

Start From Scratch: Bermula dari bawah.

The Apple Of Your Eye: Kesayangan.
The Early Bird Catches The Worm: Orang yang awal bangun dan bekerja akan
mendapat lebih hasil.
The Pot Calling The Kettle Black: Orang yang bersalah tetap mempersalahkan
orang lain.
The Pros And Cons: Kebaikan dan keburukan.
The Sky Is The Limit: Tidak ada batas.
Turn Over A New Leaf: Berubah / Insaf.

Two Wrongs Don't Make A Right: Jangan membalas kejahatan dengan

kejahatan.
Under The Weather: Kurang sihat.
Variety Is The Spice Of Life: Kepelbagaian menjadikan kehidupan lebih menarik.
Without A Doubt: Tanpa sebarang syak-wasangka.
You Can't Judge A Book By Its Cover: Jangan menilai seseorang daripada
luarannya sahaja.

23

PROVERBS
Where theres a will theres a way:
When a person really wants to do something, he will find a way of doing it.
First come, first served:
The first in line will be attended to first.
A friend in need is a friend indeed:
A friend who helps when one is in trouble is a real friend.
Discretion is the better part of valor:
If you say discretion is the better part of valor, you mean that avoiding a
dangerous or unpleasant situation is sometimes the most sensible thing to do.
A hungry man is an angry man:
A person who does not get what he wants or needs is a frustrated person and will
be easily provoked to rage.
Empty vessels make the most noise:
Those people who have a little knowledge usually talk the most and make the
greatest fuss.
A man is as old as he feels:
A persons age is immaterial it is only when he thinks and feels that he is
ageing that he actually becomes old.
Great talkers are little doers:
Those people who talk a lot and are always teaching others usually do not do
much work.
An idle brain is the devils workshop:
One who has nothing to do will be tempted to do many mischievous acts.
An ounce of discretion is worth a pound of wit:
It is better to be careful and discrete than to be clever.
Faint heart never won fair lady:
To succeed in life one must have the courage to pursue what he wants.
A penny saved is a penny gained:
By being thrifty one will be able to save up.
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A rolling stone gathers no moss:

A person who never settles in one place or who often changes his job will not
succeed in life ; one who is always changing his mind will never get anything
done.
As you sow, so you shall reap:
One will either enjoy or suffer the consequences of his earlier actions or
inactions.
Barking dogs seldom bite:
Those who make loud threats seldom carry them out.
Better late than never:
To do something that is right, profitable, or good a little late is still better than not
doing it at all.
A bird in hand is worth two in the bush:
Something that one already has is better than going after something seemingly
more worthwhile that one may not be able to get.
Birds of a feather flock together:
People of the same sort of character or belief always go together.
Call a spade a spade:
If you say that someone calls a spade a spade, you mean that they speak frankly
and directly, often about embarrassing or unpleasant subjects; an informal
expression.
Charity begins at home :
A persons first obligation should be to help the member of his own family before
he can begin thinking of talking about helping others.
A great talker is a great liar:
A smooth and persuasive talker may be a good liar.
Every cloud has a silver lining:
If you say that every cloud has a silver lining, you mean that every sad or
unpleasant situation has a positive side to it. If you talk about silver lining you are
talking about something positive
that comes out of a sad or unpleasant situation.

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