LCM20

Version:
Issue Date:
Review By Date:
Owned By:
Authorised By:

1.1
August 2006
June 2008
Engineering Manager D & P
Executive Manager D & P

LINE CONSTRUCTION MANUAL LCM20

NORMAL CLASS CONCRETE

REVISION TABLE
Version No

Date of Revision

1.0

June 2006

1.1

August 2006

Details of Amendment
Initial Release
Numbering changed to represent previous version

The above table lists in summary the amendments which have been made with most recent issues of this standard.
The table is updated with each re-issue. The latest amendments within the documents are marked with a change
indicator (|) in the outer margin.

CONTACT
This standard is the responsibility of the
Development and Projects Division, ElectraNet.
Please contact the indicated owner of the standard
with any inquiries.

ElectraNet
52-55 East Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000
PO Box 7096, Hutt Street Post Office,
Adelaide, South Australia 5000
Ph (08) 8404 7966, Fx (08) 8404 7104

L I M I TATI O N O F L I A B I L I T Y AN D
D I S C L A I M E R O F W AR R A N T Y
ElectraNet makes no representation or warranty as
to the accuracy, reliability, completeness or
suitability for particular purposes of the information
in this document. ElectraNet and its employees,
agents and consultants shall have no liability
(including liability to any person by reason of
negligence or negligent misstatement) for any
statements, opinions, information or matter
(expressed or implied) arising out of, contained in
or derived from or for any omissions from the
information in this document, except in so far as
liability under any statute cannot be excluded.

2006 ElectraNet Pty Limited trading as ElectraNet. No part of this document may be reproduced
or copied in any form or by any means (graphic, electronic, mechanical, including photocopying,
recording, taping or information retrieval systems) without the prior written permission of ElectraNet.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
20.1

SCOPE......................................................................................................................................................3

20.2

GENERAL...............................................................................................................................................3

20.3

MATERIALS...........................................................................................................................................3

20.4

CONCRETE MIXES..............................................................................................................................4

20.5

FORMWORK..........................................................................................................................................4

20.6

PLACING OF REINFORCEMENT.....................................................................................................5

20.7

INSPECTION HOLD POINT................................................................................................................5

20.8

HANDLING AND PLACING CONCRETE........................................................................................5

20.9

SURFACE FINISH..................................................................................................................................7

20.10

CONSTRUCTION JOINTS...............................................................................................................7

20.11

CAST-IN-METALWORK...................................................................................................................8

20.11.1
20.11.2
20.11.3

GENERAL............................................................................................................................................8
HANDLING..........................................................................................................................................8
INSTALLATION.....................................................................................................................................8

20.12

WELDING............................................................................................................................................8

20.13

TOLERANCES....................................................................................................................................9

20.13.1
20.13.2
20.13.3
20.13.4
20.13.5

GENERAL............................................................................................................................................9
CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS..................................................................................................................9
PILE CAPS...........................................................................................................................................9
TOWER STUBS....................................................................................................................................9
POLE FOUNDATIONS.........................................................................................................................10

20.14

CURING.............................................................................................................................................10

20.15

CONCRETE TESTING....................................................................................................................10

20.16

FREQUENCY OF TESTING...........................................................................................................10

20.17

STANDARD OF ACCEPTANCE.....................................................................................................11

20.18

FAILURE TO MEET REQUIREMENTS.......................................................................................11

20.1 SCOPE
This Section covers the supply & installation
of Normal Class reinforced and unreinforced
concrete used in exposure conditions classified
up to, and including moderate in high
permeability soils or mild in low permeability
soils in accordance with definitions given in
AS2159.
For concrete placed in exposure condition
severe or worse in accordance with AS2159,
refer to LCM 21 Special Class Concrete for
supply of concrete.

Version: 1.1

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20.2 GENERAL
Normal class concrete shall comply with the
requirements of this section and shall be read
in conjunction with AS 1379 and AS 3600. For
installation of concrete for piles this document
shall be read in conjunction with AS 2159.
The Contractor shall carry out the design of
concrete mixes, permeability tests, setting out
and quality control of the workmanship and
materials for all specified concrete work. He
shall supply, deliver and place all reinforcing
steel, formwork and concrete necessary to
complete the concrete works shown on the
Drawings contained in this Specification.
Concrete delivery trucks may not be washed
down or cleaned on site. The Contractor shall
clean any spillage of concrete from the site
and access tracks.
Concrete placement shall not commence until
criteria specified at the inspection hold-point
are satisfied.

20.3 MATERIALS
The materials used for concrete works shall
comply with and be used in accordance with
the Manufacturer's instructions and shall
comply with the following standards:
AS 1379
"Specification
and Supply of Concrete"
AS 1478
"Chemical
Admixtures for Use in Concrete"
AS 2758.1
"Concrete
Aggregates"
AS 3582.1
"Fly Ash"
AS 3972
Blended Cements"
AS/NZS 4671
Reinforcing Material"

"Portland and
"Steel

Cement shall be Blended Type GB to AS

1317.
Aggregate shall be crushed rough angular
screenings obtained from a source approved
by ElectraNet. Maximum nominal size of
aggregate shall be 20 mm. For the purpose of
selecting aggregates the concrete shall be
considered as subject to severe exposure
conditions. Two weeks in advance of the date
when concreting operations are due to

Version: 1.1

commence, the Contractor shall advise

ElectraNet, the names of the pits, quarries or
manufacturing plants from which he proposes
to obtain aggregates, and submit evidence
showing that the material complies with the
requirements of AS 2758.1.
Water shall comply with the requirements of
AS 1379 and shall be clean, free from oil and
injurious amounts of acid, alkali and organic
matter and other deleterious substances and
shall be fit for human consumption. Upon
request by ElectraNet, the Contractor shall
supply a copy of the appropriate water quality
analysis.
Admixtures may be used in accordance with
the manufacturer's specifications subject to
approval
of
ElectraNet.
Under
no
circumstance shall admixtures containing
calcium chloride salts or silica fume be used in
concrete mix.

20.4 CONCRETE MIXES

Mix designs shall be proportioned to contain
the quantity and type of cementitious material
and water-cement ratio specified on design
drawings. The contractor may otherwise
proportion mix designs with approved
additives to facilitate workability and satisfy
the strength and durability given by the design
specifications and project specific criteria.
The Contractor shall keep, at the mixing site,
records showing for each batch of concrete
produced, the time and date of water addition,
time/date and quantity of admixtures, the
weight of cement, weight of each grade of
aggregate, weight of added water, results of
tests made to determine the water contained in
the aggregate, the results of any strength tests
and the location of concrete in the works.
These records shall be made available to
ElectraNet upon request.
The proportions of aggregate and cement for
any concrete shall be such as to produce a mix
which will work readily into corners and
angles of the forms and around reinforcement
with the method of placing employed on the
work, but without permitting the materials to
segregate or water to collect on the surface.
Two weeks prior to commencing concreting
operations the Contractor shall submit for
approval proposed mix designs, including
details of admixtures and results of

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permeability tests. The Contractor shall

undertake trial mixes as directed by ElectraNet
to prove mix designs comply with
requirements of the specification. Costs of all
tests will be considered to have been included
within the rates for concrete works unless
included as a separate item.

20.5 FORMWORK
All forms shall be built mortar-tight, of
sufficient rigidity and adequately supported to
prevent distortion or displacement due to the
pressure of the concrete and other loads
incidental to the construction operations.
Forms shall be constructed and maintained so
as to prevent the expulsion of concrete
particularly at ground level. All curves shall be
smooth and neatly joined to straights.
Forms shall be built with provision for easy
inspection and cleaning out immediately
before concrete is placed.
Forms for exposed surfaces shall have a
smooth finish. Joints in the form material shall
be arranged in a regular pattern. Joints shall be
uniformly spaced over the width of the work
and shall be kept to a minimum. Every care
shall be taken to ensure that no marks or fins
appear on the finished surface.
The inside of forms shall be thoroughly wetted
or coated with non-staining form release oil or
other approved material. Where oil or
surfacing material is used, it shall be applied
before the reinforcement is placed. Any bolts
supporting forms shall be so greased and
arranged that they may be removed from the
concrete after removal of forms without
excessive jarring or hammering and without
damage to the concrete surfaces by spalling or
other. Tie wires passing through the concrete
shall not be permitted.
When forms, or form panels, have become
warped, damaged, or burred so that in the
opinion of ElectraNet the surface or
dimensional tolerances of the concrete will not
be satisfactory, the Contractor shall, when so
directed by ElectraNet, remove such forms
and replace them with forms or form panels
satisfactory in all respects.
Forms shall not be disturbed until the concrete
has attained sufficient strength to support its
own weight and any construction live loads.

Version: 1.1

Formwork shall not be disturbed within 24

hours of placing the concrete.
Forms shall be removed so as not to damage
the concrete. Flame cutting of steel formwork
containing concrete is not permitted.
Formwork shall not remain exposed above
ground after completion of the structure
without approval of ElectraNet.
Sacrificial formwork shall not be used other
than with the written approval of ElectraNet.
Should sacrificial formwork be used, all nonconductive material shall be removed at
completion of work.

20.6 PLACING
REINFORCEMENT

OF

Steel shall be free from all loose rust, grease,

tar, paint, oil, mud, mill scale or other coating,
which would tend to destroy its bond with the
concrete. All reinforcing bars shall be bent as
shown on the Drawings and shall be placed
accurately and be well secured by tie wiring or
welding where permitted so that no
displacement can occur during placing of
concrete. The specified clear cover shall be
maintained. Tie wire of at least 18 s.w.g. soft
iron wire shall be bent inwards or cut off.
Concrete wheels for spacing and supporting
reinforcement shall be made from the same
concrete comprising the main body of the
foundation. The Principal may request proof of
this by testing.
Bar chairs, concrete wheels or other material
approved by ElectraNet shall be used to space
and support the reinforcing bars; galvanised
steel chairs shall not be permitted if used with
black bars.
Bending and splicing of reinforcing shall be
carried out in accordance with AS 3600.
Splices shall be of length sufficient to fully
develop the capacity of the bars.
Reinforcing steel of structural grade may be
secured by welding. Welding shall be in
accordance with AS 1554 Part 3 Welding of
Reinforcing Steel and welding procedure shall
be subject to approval by ElectraNet.
Where the galvanising of high strength yield
bars is required, it shall be carried out prior to
bending and with procedures designed to

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minimise embrittlement. High strength yield
bars shall not be hot bent.

structural concrete. All concrete shall be

placed in the presence of ElectraNet.

Steel reinforcing shall have a minimum

concrete cover of 50mm, unless otherwise
specified on the Drawings. Structure steelwork
shall be placed at no more than 75mm out of
the position indicated on the Drawings in a
bored foundation and shall be placed centrally
within formwork.
Structure
steelwork
including stubs and cleats shall have a
minimum cover of 100mm.

Concrete shall be handled from the mixer to

the place of final deposit as rapidly as possible
by methods that shall prevent segregation or
loss of ingredients. It shall be placed so as not
to displace steel reinforcing, steel stubs and
cleats or formwork. Pneumatically placed or
pumped concrete or mortar shall only be used
with the approval of ElectraNet.

20.7 INSPECTION
POINT

HOLD

Inspections shall conduct ElectraNet prior to

placement of concrete as follows:
1.

Soil conditions encountered in

excavation are inspected and
selected footing type is
approved for compliance with
the
geotechnical
design
parameters;

2.

Excavation
dimensions,
reinforcement
and
stub
placement
inspected
and
approved for compliance with
the drawings.

This inspection shall be undertaken with an

authorised employee of the Contractor
experienced in this type of work. The
Contractor shall formalise the inspection and
approval process and include it in the project
quality plan.

20.8 HANDLING
AND
PLACING CONCRETE
All equipment used for mixing and
transporting the concrete shall be cleaned
before use. All forms shall be thoroughly
wetted prior to placing of concrete. Concrete
shall not be placed until the excavations, forms
and reinforcement have been inspected and
approved by ElectraNet. All excavations and
forms shall be cleaned of debris and loose
material and unless otherwise approved by
ElectraNet, excavations shall be free of water
while concrete is being placed. Where
concrete is placed on soft ground the base of
the excavation shall be covered with a layer of
blinding concrete prior to the placing of

Version: 1.1

Concrete shall not be dropped from a height of

greater than 1.5 metres unless provision is
made for remixing of aggregates. Concrete
shall not be placed in large quantities at any
one point and made to run along the forms.
Concrete shall not be conveyed by chute
without the approval of ElectraNet.
Concrete shall be thoroughly compacted by
means of approved high-speed mechanical
vibrators. The minimum number of vibrators
to be provided shall be not less than one for
each 5 m3 of concrete or part thereof placed
per hour, with a minimum of 2 vibrators to be
used on any placement of concrete. Vibrators
shall be manipulated so as to thoroughly work
the concrete around the reinforcement and/or
embedded fixtures and into the corners and
angles of the forms. Vibration shall be
supplied at the point of deposit and the area
freshly deposited for sufficient duration to
thoroughly compact the concrete without
causing segregation. Vibration shall not be
used in concrete no longer plastic under
vibration.
ElectraNet may stop the placing of concrete,
or may order that concrete operations shall not
commence on account of wet weather or other
causes which in ElectraNets opinion would
prevent the satisfactory placing of concrete.
Concrete shall be placed in water only with the
approval of ElectraNet. This will generally
require the use of specialised mixes, tremie
tubes or pumps.
No concrete that has reached its initial set
(partially hardened) shall be placed in the
structure. Remixing shall not be permitted.
All concrete shall be placed within the
following elapsed times from the introduction
of water or cement.

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Concrete Temperature

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Maximum

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or with wet sand or wet
hessian, kept wet until moist
curing begins.

Up to 27C

These precautions shall be undertaken by the

Contractor at his own cost.

27C to 30C
30C to 32C

No foundation shall be partially filled with

concrete if the next load of concrete cannot be
placed within twenty (20) minutes.

Over 32C
No concrete shall be placed when the shade
temperature is less than 5C or more than
35C.
Where the temperature of the surrounding air
is higher than 32C, the following provisions
shall apply:
(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Version: 1.1

The formwork shall be

continuously sprayed with
cold water in advance of the
concreting. Excess water shall
be removed from the inside of
the forms immediately prior to
the concrete placement. The
reinforcement,
and
the
formwork if metal forms are
used,
shall
be
shaded/protected from the
effects of direct sunlight and
hot winds. The provisions of
this clause shall not apply to
formwork below ground level
in
excavated
structure
foundations unless otherwise
directed;
The concrete shall have a
temperature not higher than
30C when placed, either
following the use of chilled
mixing water, or by water
spraying of the coarse
aggregate, or both, and if
necessary, by covering the
container in which the
concrete is transported to the
forms;
The concrete shall be mixed,
transported,
placed
and
compacted as rapidly as
possible, and the element or
structure shall then be covered
with an impervious membrane

Under no circumstances shall water or any

other substance be added to the concrete
between batching and placing without the
approval of ElectraNet. Where there is any
evidence that water has been added after
departure from the batching plant without
prior approval of ElectraNet the batch shall be
rejected. The Contractor shall not be liable for
any extension of time or additional payment.

20.9 SURFACE FINISH

The surface finish of formwork shall be
equivalent to a Class 4 formwork surface
finish in accordance with AS3610 unless
otherwise specified.
All concrete surfaces shall be true and free
from stone pockets, depressions or projections
beyond the surface. All arises shall be sharp
and true. Care shall be exercised in removing
forms to ensure this result. All surfaces shall
be free from voids, honeycombing, or other
large blemishes. Exposed faces shall be
uniform in appearance, free from obvious joint
lines or with joint lines arranged in an
approved regular pattern.
As soon as the forms are removed all rough
places and projections shall be removed and
the concrete surface washed down. If directed
by ElectraNet, the surface shall be bagged
over with a 1:1 sand cement paste, mixed from
fine sand.
All unformed concrete surfaces above ground
level shall have a smooth, steel trowelled
surface finish and shall be uniformly and
evenly shaped. Concrete surfaces shall have
the top surfaces sloped away from steelwork at
every point to allow free drainage.
Cement shall not be used to dry up surface
moisture on concrete. Splashes of mortar shall
be completely removed from surfaces of
exposed steelwork and earth straps.

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20.10
CONSTRUCTION
JOINTS
Construction joints shall be made where
located on the Drawings or as permitted by
ElectraNet.
No construction joint shall be made below a
level of 200mm above ground level in bored
foundations.
Before depositing new concrete against
concrete that has hardened, the forms shall be
re-tightened and the surfaces of the old
concrete treated as set out below:
(i)

When bonding concrete to that

which is less than four hours
old
The laitance and thin layer of
porous concrete immediately
below shall be removed to a
depth of 12 mm and the new
concrete added immediately;

(ii)

When bonding concrete to that

which has been in position for
more than four hours but not
longer than three days;
The laitance and porous layer
shall be removed as in (i). The
surface of the concrete shall
be brushed with a wire brush
and thoroughly washed with
clean water. After excess
water has been removed, a
layer of neat cement mortar
about 5 mm in thickness and
of plastic consistency shall be
well brushed into the prepared
surface and the new concrete
placed immediately;

(iii)

Version: 1.1

When bonding concrete to

concrete that is more than
three days old. The hardened
surface shall be chipped away,
brushed with a wire brush and
thoroughly washed with clean
water. After excess water has
been removed, neat cement
mortar shall be applied as in
(ii) and the new concrete
placed immediately.

Where the aggregate at the top of the previous

lift has been exposed before the concrete has
hardened, and where this surface has been
cured with adequate moisture and kept clean
ElectraNet may give permission to place
concrete on the construction joint without
chipping off the hardened concrete. The
aggregate may be exposed by spraying with
water, or with an air/water jet or by wire
brushing. This operation shall be timed to
avoid disturbing the concrete immediately
below the top surface.

20.11
CAST-INMETALWORK
20.11.1

General

Cast-in-metalwork comprise all steelwork and

other materials embedded into the concrete
footing including tower stub members,
holding-down bolts or other structural
elements, and other fitments/fasteners for
support of other fixtures.
For supply purposes, all cast-in-metalwork
including tower stub members shall be
considered as part of the footing.
Dissimilar metals shall not be connected
electrically.
For Lattice Towers, Tower stubs shall be
located such that the tower K-point is not less
than 300mm and not more than 900m above
nominal ground level unless specified on line
schedule.
Concrete encasement shall extend to 75100mm below the K-point. Sufficient space
shall be provided for connection of earth bond.
The concrete finished surface shall provide a
minimum fall of 1 in 20 to allow drainage of
moisture away from all points of the exposed
steelwork.

20.11.2

Handling

Particular care shall be taken in handling,

storage and transport of galvanised steelwork
to minimise damage and to avoid the
occurrence of 'white rust. Damage to any
galvanised surface may require rework as
directed by ElectraNet.

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20.11.3

ElectraNet

Installation

Where this tolerance is

exceeded in an unreinforced
base slab, the thickness of the
slab shall be increased by the
same amount as the horizontal
over-excavation and the plan
dimension shall be adjusted to
bring the Plan Position of
Column
Stub
Steelwork
within tolerance.

Cast-in-metalwork shall be firmly secured at

the design position within the specified
tolerances and cast-in-place at the time of
concreting.
Structure stubs shall be installed into concrete
so that the minimum embedment length is
achieved. The underside of stubs shall finish
above all layers of the bottom concrete
reinforcement. Care shall be taken to ensure
load-bearing cleats are positioned correctly
within footing steel reinforcement as specified.

20.12

(b)

Plan position of column stub

steelwork in relation to
centreline of
Bored foundation
12 mm
Mass foundation
150 mm

(c)

Thickness of columns
+12 mm

WELDING

Welding shall conform to AS1554.3.

The Contractor shall develop appropriate
welding
procedures
utilising
welding
equipment & consumables compatible with
design intent and shall be such as to minimise
weld defects, distortions or restraint.
Welders shall be qualified for welding with the
equipment proposed, in the positions required
and for the steel grade used, and shall be
approved by ElectraNet prior to commencing
work.

-0mm
(d)

ElectraNet reserves the right to conduct

acceptance tests on any welders and
procedures.

20.13
20.13.1

(e)

Cover of concrete over

reinforcement
+12
mm
- 3 mm

General

Tolerances for holding-down bolts shall be in

accordance with AS4100.
Tolerances for tower stubs or other embedded
steelwork shall be in accordance with
requirements given below.

20.13.2
Concrete
Foundations
Plan dimensions of base slab
+75 mm
-5 mm

Version: 1.1

-0mm

TOLERANCES

Tolerances for concrete work & reinforcement

fixing shall comply with AS3600 except as
specified for the component.

(a)

Thickness of other members

+25 mm

20.13.3

Pile Caps

Tolerances for construction of pile caps for

pile footings or rock/soil anchors shall comply
with AS 3600 except as specified for the
component.

20.13.4

Tower Stubs

Tower stubs shall be carefully positioned and

supported to ensure correct alignment of
structure steelwork without forcing the
members during erection.
In general, the following tolerances on stub
alignment, levels and location shall apply for
transmission line towers and larger
communication towers:

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alignment
o

Stub

each other
5 mm

Stub levels with respect to

angle

from

correct

K-point to K-point dimension

12 mm
(longitudinal,

transverse

&

diagonally)

Tower K-point relative to

concrete surface
20 mm
Towers with small base dimensions may
need smaller tolerances particularly on stub
levels and location, refer to specific project
design specification.

20.13.5

Pole Foundations

Pole formers for cored holes in footings, if

used for single pole structures, shall be
installed to the following tolerances: Vertical position of former +/-25 mm;

Angular position of former about any

axis +/- 2 deg;
Pole structures comprising 2 or more
poles in a portal arrangement shall
have formers installed with tolerances
specified in the project drawings.

20.14

CURING

Curing shall be carried out in accordance with

AS3600.
Finished surfaces of exposed concrete shall be
sprayed immediately on completion of
finishing with a curing compound approved by
ElectraNet. Exposed surfaces of concrete shall
be covered and kept moist until application of
the curing compound. Curing compound shall
be applied to exposed concrete foundations
below ground level if directed by ElectraNet.
Curing compounds used shall comply with
AS3799.
In general, the surface of the concrete shall be
protected against loss of moisture for seven (7)
days. This may be accomplished by ponding,
waterproof sheeting, retention of formwork,

Version: 1.1

covering with wet sand or sprinkling. Upon

application by the Contractor, ElectraNet may
give approval for an alternative method of
curing normal concrete.
If inadequate methods of curing are used
ElectraNet may direct that the Contractor
assign sufficient labour to the task of
continually watering exposed concrete
surfaces, the cost of such labour shall be borne
by the Contractor.

20.15
CONCRETE
TESTING
All concrete supplied for the contract shall be
subject to project assessment in accordance
with AS3600, AS1379 and requirements
specified herein. Sampling and testing shall be
carried out by an approved NATA accredited
testing laboratory. The qualifications of the
concrete test personnel shall be made available
to ElectraNet upon request.
The Contractor shall supply all materials,
equipment and labour required for making and
testing the concrete test specimens.
The Contractor shall supply to ElectraNet, the
concrete test certificate from a NATA
accredited testing laboratory no later than
seven (7) days after completion of the test.
All costs associated with concrete testing shall
be deemed to be included in Schedule 7 of the
Schedule of Rates.
ElectraNet shall monitor all concrete testing
activities. If in the opinion of ElectraNet, the
Contractor is not performing adequately to
ensure quality records, then ElectraNet
reserves the right to have such work carried
out by alternative means and the cost of such
work shall be borne by the Contractor.
As a minimum the concrete shall be cured to
develop its potential strength and durability in
accordance with AS 3600.

20.16
FREQUENCY
TESTING

OF

The Contractor shall provide ElectraNet with

slump and cylinder tests for every footing.
The number and frequency of the tests and the
number of test specimens to be supplied for

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each test shall be in accordance with AS1379

except in the case of transmission structure
foundations where the following shall apply:
For each specified batching plant or after
every relocation of a mobile plant:

First ten (10) structures

utilising concrete from a
specified batching plant:
One off 7-day test, and two off
28-day tests;
Remaining structures utilising
concrete from the same batch
plant:
Two 28-day tests.

Where all the concrete in a structure

foundation is not placed on the same day,
separate tests shall be made for each day, the
cost for which shall be borne by the
Contractor.
ElectraNet's Manager shall nominate which
batch of concrete is to be tested at each
structure site.
Further concrete testing may be performed at
the discretion of the Contractor, the cost of
which shall be borne by the Contractor.
Where directed by ElectraNet, further concrete
testing shall be performed by the Contractor at
the rate supplied in Schedule submitted.

20.17
STANDARD
ACCEPTANCE

OF

The criteria for rejection of concrete shall be

as set out in AS3600 and AS1379 for project
assessment.

immediate steps shall be taken by the

Contractor to increase the strength of concrete
in succeeding batches. The Contractor shall
submit a non-conformance report on the
failure to ElectraNet.
ElectraNet may require strengthening or
replacement of those portions of the structure
affected by the reduced strength or degraded
durability characteristics.
Where, in the opinion of ElectraNet, defective
areas may be made good by remedial work
then the defective areas shall be cut out to
expose sound concrete, and the area made
good as directed by ElectraNet. The area cut
out shall be inspected and approved by
ElectraNet before filling.
Where, in the
opinion of ElectraNet, defective work cannot
be made good by remedial work, the entire
work of which the defective area forms a part,
or such portions of the entire work as
ElectraNet directs, shall be rejected and
removed.
Should any concrete in completed work be
liable to rejection, the Contractor may submit
specimens cut from the work for testing.
Number, form and dimensions of the
specimens, and the location from which they
are cut shall be subject to the approval from
ElectraNet. The specimens shall be delivered
to an NATA laboratory to conduct strength,
chloride permeability and other tests as
directed by Principals Project Manager. All
costs of obtaining specimens, delivery, testing
and restoration of the structure shall be borne
by the Contractor on the occasion that the
concrete does not meet the specification.

Concrete specified by proportion shall be

liable to rejection where tests made under the
direction of ElectraNet, or observation made
during the supervision of the work, show that
the specified proportions have not been used
for the work.

20.18
FAILURE
MEET
REQUIREMENTS

TO

If the concrete strength should at any time fail

to meet the requirements of AS3600,

Version: 1.1

LCM20 Normal Class Concrete

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