CHAPTERS I

INTRODUCTION
"There is no day without cigarettes." may be His words were suitable for cigarette
addicts (addiction was nicotine). A few hours do not smoke, making them anxious, mouth
felt uncomfortable so confused do something about it. Cigarette addiction has become a very
serious problem facing the world. In Indonesia, there are around 63 million smokers that is
difficult to avoid addiction. While, the death of smokers reached 57,000 per year or at least
156 people fly every day. If smoking trend continues, an estimated 85 million of indoensian
people into adolescence when this will become heavy smokers, and 12-13 million will die in
the young age. WHO data in 2008 as many as 5.4 million people died as a result of the
cigarette was around the world. :
Perhaps it is not a normal thing, if we heard that the cigarette is very dangerous for
human health, because in fact there are many warning and that often, we have heard from
various media bahaya rokok was in fact, there is a warning about the danger cigarette was in
packaging cigarette itself. But strangely that would still many people who merokok, whether
it is simply want to consider it as children gaul or maybe they had a need for himself.
Whatever the reasons that it is clear, we must since the early mengindari rokok, because it
effect from cigarette smoke can cause various health problems from mild to which you can

bring us to death. Perhaps we will not feel its effects will directly but the effect will be felt in
a long period of time.
Smoking is dangerous for almost all of the organs in the body, causing a great many
diseases and affect our health smokers in general. If you to stop smoking, benefits can you
feel directly and long-term, for you and the people You love
In this document will be discussed about matters that are linked with cigarettes, with
the hope that we hope that all that is discussed in this paper could be useful for all of us.
Amen.
This chapter II
DISCUSSION
A. Understanding cigarette
Cigarette is long size slinder from paper aatara 70 up to 120mm (vary depending on
their own country) with a diameter around 10mm that contains the leaves tobacco that were
tattooed. Cigarette burned one of the ends and left burning to smoke can slurp it up through
mouth on the other.
Cigarette is a product that dangerous & addictive substances (cause dependence). In
smoke there are 4000 hazardous chemicals that 69 including is carcinogenic compounds (can
cause cancer).

Harmful substances contained in cigarette among others: tar, carbon

monoxide, cyanide, arsenic, formalin, supplements that prevent adverse effect etc.

B. Type of smokers
Based on its kind smokers be divided into :
A. Active Smokers
They have gotten used to smoke cigarettes and real and bear do so at their peril.
b. Passive Smoker
They are not smoking but because there are other people who smoke nearby farmland and he
had to be participate suck smoke with all the consequences.
Based on the amount smokers can be divided into :
A. Smokers light.
Smokers who smoke or spend around 1-10 cigarettes per day .
b. Smokers.
Smokers who have spent around 10 -20 cigarettes per day .
c. Heavy Smokers.
Smokers who spent more than 20 cigarettes per day .

C. A substance contained in smoking

1. Nicotine

This substance containing opium can cause a person addicted to smoking cigarettes were
already excited to.
The influence for the human body
A. Cause addiction or dependence brain tissue damage
b. Cause blood quickly freeze
c. Harden the walls of the arteries
2. Tar
Raw material of the decision-making asphalt that can be attached to lungs and can cause
irritation and even cancer
The influence for the human body
A. Kill cells in the blood
b. To increase the production mucus diparu lung
c. Cause lung cancer
3. Carbon Monoxide
Gas that can cause heart disease because this gas can bind to oxygen in the body.
The influence for the human body
A. Tie hemoglobin, so that the body lack of oxygen
b. hinder transportation in the blood
4. Carcinogenic Substances

The influence for the human body

A. Triggered cancer cell growth in the body
5. Substance Iritan
The influence for the human body
A. Air passages Mess and air sacs in the lungs
b. Causes coughing.
As we know substances dangerous foreign someone smoked by smokers is a
substance contained in the smoke and there is a 4000 chemicals that were found in a
cigarette, 40 countries are classified as hazardous substances such as: hydrogen cyanide
(HCN) , arsenic, ammonia, polonium, and carbon monoxide (CO). Chemicals that issued
consists of the components gas 85 percent and particle

D. Danger that are placed the smoking

1. Dangers of smoking active smokers and the passive

Dangers of smoking is actually not greatness are not aware of smokers, because by on
every pack cigarettes now there is a message must be from the government which reads:
"smoking CAN CAUSE Cancer, heart attack, IMPOTENCE, and disruption during
pregnancy and FETUS." But, it is often a strong dependence on cigarette makes people don't
want to stop mengisapnya. According to research, it turned out that will receive a negative
effect from cigarette was not only active smokers, it will be passive smoker but also will
receive the negative effects of smoking. And thus stock exchange which will be received
by perokok pasif will be much more dangerous, rather than its active smokers.
But some danger that are placed by cigarette among others
A. Lung cancer
It is known about 90 percent cases lung cancer caused by cigarettes. This was because smoke
will come in inhaled into the lungs. Out of the smoke cigarettes this substance will stimulates
the cells in the lung to grow abnormal. Estimated 1 from 10 smokers and 1 from 5 heavy
smokers will die from cancer lung.
b. Bladder
Bladder occurred at around 40 percent smokers. Studies have found a high proportion of the
compound 2-naphthylamine in cigarettes to carcinogens that lead to bladder cancer.
c. Breast Cancer

Women who smoke more risky developing breast cancer. Studies show that women started
smoking at 20 years of age and 5 years before she is pregnant the first time at risk cancer
breast.
d. Cervical Cancer
Around 30 percent deaths from cervical cancer caused by smoking. This is because women
who smoke infected with more vulnerable by the virus sexually transmitted diseases.
E. The esophagus Cancer
Studies have found that smoke damage DNA from the cells esophagus and cause cancer
throat. Around 80 percent cancer cases esophagus has been associated with smoking.
f. Cancer digestive system
Cigarette smoke Even enter into the lungs, but there are some haze that had swallowed led to
increased risk of cancer gastrointestinal disturbances (digestion).
G. Kidney Cancer
When someone smoking rooms, and the smoke that contains nicotine and tobacco will enter
into the body. Nicotine for hazardous chemicals together with other such as karbonmonoksida
and heart sounds tar caused a change, breathing circulation and blood pressure. Carcinogen
filtered out from the body through the kidneys also changed cell DNA and damage the kidney
cells. These changes affect the functions of kidneys and trigger cancer.
H. Mouth Cancer

Is the major cause Tobacco mouth cancer. It has been known smokers 6 times higher than,
mouth cancer compared with men who do not smoke, and those who smoke tobacco smoke
without risk 50 times more than double that.
I. Cancer throat
Smoke that inhaled before entering into the lungs will pass throat, hence this cancer will be
associated with cigarettes.
J. Heart attack
Nicotine in cigarette smoke causes heart work more quickly and to raise blood pressure.
While carbon monoxide take oxygen in the blood more that makes the heart pumps blood
more. If heart work too hard plus high blood pressure, so they could be causing a heart attack.
K. Coronary heart disease)
Most coronary heart disease caused by cigarettes and will worsen if they had other diseases
such as diabetes mellitus.
L.

Atherosclerosis
Nicotine in cigarette smoke can accelerate clogging arteries that can be caused by the
accumulation of fat. This will lead to network grate and thickening arteries that cause
arterosklerosis.

M. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (PPOK)

This condition caused the flow of blood terhalangi so it makes a person is difficult to breathe,
and about 80 percent PPOK cases due to cigarettes. This condition can be the cause of
breathing pulmonary emphysema (the damage to the air sacs or and chronic bronchitis) and
(cough with many unusual that happen during the last 3 months).
N.

Impotence
For men 30 year-old and 40-year, then smoking can increase the risk erectile disfunction
around 50 percent. This is because smoking can damage blood vessels, nicotine narrow
arteries that reduce the flow of blood and blood pressure to penis. If a person has already
experienced impotence, it could also become an early warning that the cigarette has been
damage other areas in the body.

o. Disturbance other medical

Some medical disorders also can be caused by cigarettes such as high blood pressure
(hypertension), disturbance fertility, aggravate asthma and inflamed the airways, risk higher,
degeneration makula (losing sight gradually), cataracts, became more often ailing, causing a
spot in teeth and gums, developing sprue the intestines and damage the appearance.
2. Danger smoke for pregnant mother, the fetus and the baby
In addition to passive smoker that under normal and smoke more dangerous for pregnant
and her fetus that it contains. As a result of smoke was among others:
A.

Have a Miscarriage in fetus that contained

b.

Fetal death in the fetus

c.

Bleeding in placenta and enlargement more than 30 percent

d.

Weight fetus reduced by around 20-30 percent from normal

E.

Infants born prematurely in health conditions that are not stable

Smoke more dangerous, if someone smoked by the baby, the result would be:

A.

Experienced a problem and respiratory disease

b.

Development of the child's intelligence Disorder, both motor and cognitive

c.

Outbreaks of disease ear

d.

Can increase the risk disease leukaemia as much as two-fold

E.

Increasing the risk brain cancer up to 22 percent

f.

Baby will be easier to get tired since oxygen that is not absorbed.

G.

Sudden death syndrome

3. Dangers of smoking for school-age children

We can find in the streets, both in big cities and a small town where the students with
effortlessly smoking as if it is not that are evil. You can find them in various places, such as
cafe, the terminal, public vehicles or even in the area around the school they own. People
who understand and be aware about health would be concerned with the situation like this.
Smoking is clearly hurt health care, but in addition, there are other losses, the economic
problems. The students are generally those who still depend on economy to parents. This is

absolutely will add heavy burden that must be borne by the parents. Especially when there are
many also women and girls who smoke.
Main factor is the main reason for students smoking is an environment. The teenagers
who are full of curiosity makes them want to try to many things. Just As they had touched
before, the cigarette contains nicotine that can lead to drug addiction. But once smoking
rooms, it will be difficult to stop, except there is a strong desire that hard and assistance from
the environment. The second is of course will not be found when the students are in the
environment smokers. In fact, many among the students who think that men who do not
smoke, not bull. This is a cause for the students that many of them are smokers, because
cigarette from a pageant is one of them to realize their potential. As a symbol that they are
gaul and exist.

E. Ways to overcome in order to avoid cigarette

Many say that to stop smoking is very difficult. There are some who say it is better to
stop eating rather than settling merokok.hal happened because smoking rooms have been in
assuming that commonplace in daily life. In fact, they also realized in smoke contains 4,000
chemical substance that is very dangerous for the health he and his family.

Here is how to overcome in order to avoid the cigarette.

1. Replace candy nicotine with gum or candy mints that removes flavors cigarette in his mouth.
The loss of cigarettes at the mouth will make us forget cigarette for ever.
2. Make other activities to fill spare time. For example after eating, we can be chewing gum or &
dessert. When ngeblog, we can eat. When queuing vehicles, we can browse or reading the
book. Not so easy, but it is when it is done with the same determination is full, it will be
easier to be done.
3. Sports and drink enough water will help us forget cigarettes. These activities will be made our
bodies added healthy and help the toxin and other toxic substances from the body. Sports can
be done sites that many people so we can also interact.
4.

Avoid material related to cigarettes. Everything material (a kind) that appetite smoking
such as lighter, ashtray. Because if these objects allegations in the neighborhood, it is not
likely to trigger back passion for smoking rooms.

5. Bulatkan school
So is planning to stop smoking rooms, make a hope and targeted in a note individuals. Every
time it will be surrendered to temptation, open again note individuals to remember what the
purpose early.
6. Positive Thinking

Mind vital role in goals and ideals a person. Always keep was in that we are capable and can
be used to deliver temptations smoking rooms.
Chapter III
CLOSING
Conclusion
Cigarette is a product that includes 4000 hazardous chemicals that dangerous.
Smoking can cause diseases which are dangerous for health human body. There are many
diseases that are caused by cigarette among them is heart disease, lung cancer etc. Smoking is
not only harm on behalf of the doers, but also to those who were in the area. So cigarette is
very harmful, both for the perpetrator itself and for other people in the area. In smoking can
be overcome with various ways fill in spare times with them and playing sports that are
orderly, and of course, the most important is rounded determination for a smoker for quitting
smoking