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ipove
Seni metafora
gamomcemloba `universali~
Tbilisi 2015
redaqtorebi
prof. gia joxaZe
prof. daviT andriaZe
nato ingoroyva (Jurnal `maswavleblis~
mTavari redaqtori)
c. barbaqaZe, 2015
gamomcemloba `universali~, 2015
Tbilisi, 0179, i. WavWavaZis gamz. 19, : 2 22 36 09, 5(99) 17 22 30
Email: universal@internet.ge
ISBN 978-9941-22-500-0
redaqtorisagan
kavSiri gulTa Soris
filologiis mecnierebaTa doqtoris, ilias saxelmwifo universitetis
profesoris, poet cira barbaqaZis Semoqmedebas aqamde ori Janruli TaviseburebiT gamovarCevdiT. is aqveynebda
poetur krebulebs an samecniero lingvistur naSromebs.
amieridan mis saidentifikaciod kidev erTi matricis momarjveba dagvWirdeba: avtori rTul samecniero sakiTxTa
ise gadmocemas dauflebia, Zalauneburad, ilia WavWavaZis aRmzrdeli, yvarlis Toma mociqulis saxelobis taZris
mTavardiakvani nikoloz sefaSvili gagaxsendeba: gviambobda adamianurad,
CvenTvis gasagebi eniTao, dasZens droiTi distanciis Semdeg ilia WavWavaZe, da
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gia joxaZe
metafora da nlp
ra aris nlp neiro-lingvisturi
programireba?
minda, gesaubroT neiro-lingvistur programirebaze rogorc mecnierebi uwodeben adamianTa qcevisa
da komunikaciis axal modelze.
SemovliT gzebs avirCev aqamde misasvlelad.
ra aris neiro-lingvisturi programireba?
mecnierebis es axali dargi SeiZleba ganimartos nevrologiis, lingvistikisa da kibernetikis urTierTkavSirad. yvelaferi, rac adamianis
cxovrebaSi xdeba, iwereba mis nervul qsovilebSi, vlindeba metyvelebiT da eqvemdebareba programirebas.
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sanam win waviwevdeT da neiro-lingvisturi programirebis sxva aspeqtebze visaubrebdeT, gadavwvdeT warsuls.
Cemi dakvirvebiT, neiro-lingvisturi programirebis uZvelesi formebi folklorSi unda veZeboT. aseTi
magaliTia xalxuri Selocvebi.
gulo, Cadeq sagulesa...
Selocvebis ena gansakuTrebuli
semiotikuri sistemaa. enobrivi niSani aq avlens arakonvenciur xasiaTs,
rac imas niSnavs, rom sityva sagnis pirobiTi aRmniSvneli ki ar aris, aramed misi uSualo nawili. sityvis
arakonvenciuri gageba damaxasiaTebelia bavSvTa fsiqologiisaTvis
sityva igivdeba saganTan. magaliTad, pirvelklaselma SeiZleba CaTvalos, rom winadadebaSi: aq dgas ori
skami da erTi magida sul sami sityvaa, an rom sityva kanfeti tkbilia. niSnis arakonvenciuroba niSnisa
da aRasaniSnis, sityvisa da sagnis,
sagnis saxelisa da sagnis arsis igiveobriobaa. swored aseTi iyo pirvelyofili adamianis azrovneba.
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metaforebis Zala
mainc riT gansxvavdeba Cveulebrivi sityvebiT gamoTqmuli azri metaforebiT gamoxatuli azrisgan?
sad imaleba metaforis Zala?
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abduqciuri azrovneba
anu
rogor davZlioT problemebi
metaforebiT
sul amaod daxarje Zalisxmeva; ra vici, aseT dros Tqven rogor iqceviT:
xels CaiqnevT da gzas gaagrZelebT,
Tu... kidev erTxel cdiT yvelafers...
pasuxi martivia: Tu adamiani TqvenTvis mniSvnelovania, daiwyebT Tavidan...
mainc ra xdeba? erTnairi sityvebiT, erTi gramatikiT da erTi sintaqsiT vlaparakobT, da ratom...? ratom
aris dialogi SeuZlebeli? uamrav mizezs Soris erT umTavress gamovyofdi: gagCeniaT kiTxva, Tqveni Tanamosaubre azrovnebis da Semecnebis romel meTodzea orientirebuli?
magaliTad, TqvenTan saubrisas
ras aqcevs ufro met yuradRebas: detalebs, zogad azrs Tu ideas (arss)?
iqneb daakvirdeT... anda, ubralod,
hkiTxoT sxvagvarad: axali informaciis miRebisas ra aris misTvis mniSvnelovani?
Tqveni Tanamosaubre detalebis
xedviT gamoirCeva, anu, rogorc filosofosebi ityvian: xes xedavs da
tyes vera?
aseT SemTxvevaSi Tqven winaSea azrovnebis induqciuri meTodi, xolo
Tu piriqiT xdeba: tyes amCnevs da xes
vera es azrovnebis deduqciuri
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meTodia... amasobaSi beitsonma azrovnebis abduqciuri meTodic aRwera (pirvelad pirsma ganixila abduqcia), roca adamiani upiratesobas analogiebiT, metaforebiT azrovnebas
aniWebs...
CvenTvis induqciuri da deduqciuri azrovneba cnobilia,
cota ram viciT abduqciur azrovnebaze, amitom ufro dawvrilebiT mimovixiloT es sakiTxi.
abduqciuri azrovneba
Tu adamianisTvis ufro metad azrovnebis deduqciuri meTodia damaxasiaTebeli, maSin misTvis mosawyenia
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boda, orplaniani iyo: am ambebs hqonda pirdapiri mniSvnelobac da metaforulic. ufro metic, SesaZlebeli
iyo, erTi idea mravalgvari SinaarsiT gaeformebina msmenelisaTvis
gasageb enaze.
amasTan dakavSirebiT Tavis studentebs igi xSirad uambobda erT istorias, romelic axalgazrdobaSi
Tavs gadaxda:
erTxel dakarguli cxeni Seexeta
misi saxlis ezoSi. eriksonma gadawyvita, cxeni patronisTvis daebrunebina, magram cxens, samwuxarod, ar
hqonda araviTari maxasiaTebeli,
romliTac patron amoicnoboda.
eriksoni ubralod Sejda cxenze,
gaiyvana gzaze da mimarTulebis arCevis saSualeba misca. cxeni gzas daadga. eriksoni mxolod maSin ereoda,
roca cxeni gzidan gadauxvevda. rogorc iqna, cxeni miadga patronis
ezos. patronma hkiTxa erisons:
rogor gaigeT, rom cxeni Cemi iyo?
risonma upasuxa: me ar vicodi, ai,
cxenma ki icoda. erTaderTi, rac me
gavakeTe, is iyo, rom ar miveci saSualeba, gzidan gadaexvia.
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taforulad Seesabameba), xolo mdidar mamad Tavisi megobris milioner mamas. erTis Sexedulebebi tradiciuli da stereotipulia, meoris
yovelTvis gansxvavebuli da sapirispiro... maTi ideebis dapirispirebiT sakuTar Tavs da msmenelsac
kiosaki arCevans sTavazobs...
roberti erTsa da imave kiTxvas
usvams Rarib da mdidar mamas. magaliTad: ra aris yvelaze didi investicia? Raribi mama pasuxobs, rom yvelaze didi aqtivi Seni saxlia; mdidari
mamis pasuxi ki amgvaria: Tu Seni saxli yvelaze didi investicia ggonia,
maSin seriozuli problemebi gaqvs...
mama, modi ra, es viyidoT!
Raribi mama: ar SemiZlia, amis ufleba mivce Cems Tavs.
mdidari mama: modi, vifiqroT, es
rogor gavakeToT...
mama, milioneri minda gavxde!
Raribi mama: Sen verasdros gaxdebi milioneri.
mdidari mama: arasodes Tqva, rom
raRac ar SegiZlia, Tavs hkiTxe: rogor SevZleb amis gakeTebas?
me orive mama miyvarda, ambobs kiosaki, CemTvis orives bedniereba
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surda, magram gansaxvavebuli gzebiT... am gzebsa da gzis arCevaze kiosaki Zalian bevrs fiqrobda da amasve
urCevda igi sxvebs.
arasdros TqvaT: ar SemiZlia
es ubralo sityva ar aris; es azria,
romelic urTierTmoqmedebs realobasTan da Tqvens tvins aiZulebs, gaCerdes da ar eZebos gamosavali...
gamosavlis ZiebaSi kiosaki bevrs
fiqrobda, eZiebda... wignSi calke nawilad aqvs gamoyofili patara Tavi:
gakveTili
robert
frostisgan.
frosti misi sayvareli avtoria da
mis leqsSi gamoxatuli azri sruliad
Seesabameboda mis Ziebebs:
Robert Frost
The Road Not Taken
TWO roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
Then took the other, as just as fair,
And having perhaps the better claim,
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lebis sistema Tqvens Svilebs realuri cxovrebisaTvis moamzadebs. TiToeul bavSvs esaWiroeba kidev ufro
meti da gansxvavebuli ganaTleba.
dRes yvelaze saSiSi rCeva, romelsac
Tqvens Svilebs miscemT, aseTia: wadi
skolaSi, miiRe kargi ganaTleba, moZebne maRalanazRaurebadi samsaxuri es moZvelebuli rCevaa (robert
kiosaki). igi imitom ar gamodgeba,
rom, kiosakis azriT, skolebi zrdian
momsaxureebs da ara samsaxurebis
Semqmnelebs. skolebSi ar aswavlian
bavSvebs, ra aris fuli da rogor SeiZleba misi mopoveba. es Tema tabuirebulia;
xSirad mekiTxebian, ambobs kiosaki, : `Tu fulis sakeTeblad fuli
ar aris saWiro da skolaSic ar gvaswavlian, rogor gavxdeT finansurad
da materialurad Tavisufali, maSin,
aba, ra mogveTxoveba?~
Cemi pasuxi aseTia: mogeTxovebaT
ocneba da didi gambedaoba. swrafad
moqmedebisa da swavlisaTvis mzadyofna da unari, sworad gamoiyenoT
RvTis mier boZebuli SesaZleblobebi da pirovnuli aqtivebi (wignidan
`fulis nakadis kvadranti~).
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davs da samyaros SezRudul realobad giCvenebs. saWiroa am stereotipebis moxsna, sxva da gansxvavebuli
xedva; Cven xom zedmiwevniT daJinebiT vamtkicebT raRacas, romelic
(sulerTia, ra) mxolod aseTi an iseTi gvgonia, sxvagvarad warmoudgenlad gveCveneba. sinamdvileSi (im sinamdvileSic ki, romelic yvelasTvis
gansxvavebulia), yvelaferi yovelTvis SeiZleba iyos sxvagvaradac...
ubralod, Cveni aRzrda, ganaTleba,
religia, Cvevebi da tradicia gviqmnis iseT yalibs, romelSi arsebobac
sikvdilis tolfasia. hoda, an icxovreb rogorc cocxal-mkvdari, an gadawyvet, rom ufro sainteresoa,
cocxali iyo, daZlio stereotipebi
da is yalbi SiSi, romelic budobs
CvenSi stereotipebis gavleniT...
ase rom, stereotipebis daZleva
jer maswavleblebma unda SeZlon, gaTavisufldnen kulturis mier Tavmoxveuli trafaretuli azrebisgan,
ris Semdegac SeZleben isini moswavleebSi Tavisufali azrovnebis ganviTarebas da talantebis aRmoCenas...
mokled, me SemoqmedebiTi ganaTlebis mxares var, es Zalian rTuli
gzaa, magram am gzaze `cocxali~ xar,
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`daiWireT wami!~
gaxsovT is filmi Dead Poets
Society~ (mkvdari poetebis sazogadoeba) da robin uiliamsis gmiri mister kitingi, literaturis maswavlebeli konservatul saswavlebelSi?
kitingi bavSvebs dafiqrebisken, sakuTari stilis aRmoCenisken ubiZgebs
literaturis gakveTilebze, poeziis
mSrali analizis nacvlad aswavlis,
rogor SeigrZnon poezia. moulodnelad magidaze amxtari maswavlebeli
moswavleebs ekiTxeba:
aba, vin metyvis, magidaze ratom
vdgavar?
ufro maRali rom gamoCndeT,
pasuxobs erTi...
magidaze imitom vdgavar, rom sakuTar Tavs Sevaxseno, movlenebs yovelTvis gansxvavebulad unda SevxedoT... iciT, samyaro aqedan Zalian
sxvanairad Cans...
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administraciis warmomadgenels,
romelmac aiTvalwuna mister kitingi
amgvari meTodebis gamo, is pasuxobs:
yovelTvis vfiqrobdi, rom ganaTlebis idea sakuTar Tavze dafiqreba
iyo...~ xolo Tu am gzas gavyvebiT da
ufro Sors wavalT, rusTavelamdec
mivalT:
miT viswavlebiT, mogveces SerTva zesT mwyobrTa wyobisa...
...................
sabolood, yvelaferi warmavalia... simarTle is aris, rom yvela
mokvdeba. amitom da swored amitom
ufro did Zalas iZens metafora: daiWireT wami...~ es isev jon kitingia...
SeigrZeniT sicocxle da arseboba...
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`metaforebi, romlebSic
vcxovrobT~
metafora axali aromatia
mas, vinc yuradRebas miaqcevs enaSi
iseT movlenas,
rogoric metaforaa, male adamianTa ena
mTlianad metaforuli moeCveneba.
biuleri
ra aris metafora?
SeiZleba fiqrobT, rom es mxolod
is aris, rac amSvenebs poezias an
mxatvrul Semoqmedebas... ufro metic: metafora Cveni yoveldRiurobaa... SeiZleba iTqvas, rom Cven vcxovrobT metaforebiT da, saerTodac,
Cven vcxovrobT metaforebSi... da
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Tqven SiZleba ver gaugoT adamians, romelic metaforebs xSirad mimarTavs, radgan calsaxad metforu69
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cxovreba cirkia
cxovreba sadguria da ase Semdeg...
iyaviT originaluri da SeqmeniT
Tqveni cxovrebis saukeTeso metafora... mere naxavT, es metafora rogor
Seclis Tqvens cxovrebas...
maS ase, SeqmeniT Tqveni metafora:
`cxovreba ~????
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poezia metaforaa
poetisTvis mze yovelTvis mze ar aris,
mTvare mTvare da varskvlavebi
varskvlavebi.
maleviCi
sityva, yofierebis Semoqmedeba,
CvenSi ganagrZobs cxovrebas, rogorc
metafora.
andrei beli
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lirikuli subieqti wers, rom, erTi mxriv, poetma sarkeSi ar unda Caixedos da, meore mxriv, mokled, bev90
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nebaa, miT ufro maSin, rodesac saTqmeli mxolod sityvebiT ar gadmoicema... vgulisxmob Teatris enas da,
kerZod, reJisor gaga goSaZis mier
iliaunis Teatris scenaze dadgmul
speqtakls antigone.
aqve mogaxsenebT, rom am speqtaklze saubrisas viqnebi sruliad subieqturi da mimoxilvac iqneba mxolod
interpretaciis farglebSi.
mokled, iqidan daviwyeb, rom Tanamedrove speqtakli rom mosawyeni
ar iyos, reJisors uwevs teqstis SekumSva. SekumSvaSi ar vgulisxmob azris Seclas, aramed mxolod gamosaxvis sxva saSualebebis gamoyenebiT
sityvaTa (saxeTa...) ekonomias, rac gaga goSaZem namdvilad moaxerxa... karg
speqtakls yvela Taviseburad gansazRvravs: zogs eklebi ayris, zogs WianWvelebi daudis, zogs Tvali uTamaSebs da ase Semdeg... isic minaxavs,
yovlad uniWo teqstze an speqtaklze
rom mavans akankalebda, an WianWvelebi daudioda... amitom, maincdamainc, nu endobiT sxvaTa fiziologiur
reaqciebs garkveul emociebze... Cemi
testi ki aseTi iyo: speqtaklis dros
damaviwyda yvelaferi, scenis garda,
da msaxiobTa kargi TamaSisa da emo94
cxovreba speqtaklia?
aRqma yovelTvis subieqturia, magram Cven xom gvainteresebs, rogor
aRiqvamen sxvebi...? an rogor aRgviq95
aiwonadaiwona
sagnebze roca vsaubrob, yovelTvis maxsendeba erTi frangi filosofosi da mwerali, fransis ponJi da
misi Zalian saintereso wigni sagnebs
miRma. am poetur-prozaul teqstebSi ponJi alaparakebs sagnebs Tavis
Tavze... roca antigones da metaforebiT savse scenas vuyurebdi, am saganTa xmac mesmoda...
aiwona-daiwona (saqanela) romelic sul trialebs, sul centrSia,
TiTqos yvelaferi mis garSemo xdeba... is yvelas elaparakeba... magram
mas aravin usmens... roca kreoni saqanelas erT mxares muSts dascxebs...
saqanela SekrTeba da wailaparakebs:
nela, kreon, damSviddi, ra mogivi98
da? magram kreons araferi esmis, aravisi esmis... kanoni... kanoni... saxelmwifo... kanoni... mere antigone daabzrialebs saqanelas, daxtis xan erT
da xan meore mxares... saqanela ekiTxeba: ra ginda, antigone, ras woni...?
da Tu woni, gaCerdi, Sens mxares gaCerdi... risTvis kvdebi, antigone?
mere kreons miubrundeba da ai, im
frazaze: viRacam xom unda akeTos es
saqme... saqanela pasuxobs: viRacam
unda akeTos, kreon... es viRac SeiZleba Senc iyo... SeiZleba, arc iyo... kreons mainc araferi esmis... mas ar unda
esmodes (Janris kanonebi karnaxobs),
arc maSin esmis, roca scenaze avtori,
Jan anui dasdevs: nu moklav, antigones, kreon....
mzad var, vaRiaro, rom sagnebi
floben sakuTar nebas, sakuTar gancdebs..., wers erTgan bodriari... es
frazac maSin gamaxsenda, saqanelam
rom laparaki daiwyo...
samwuxarod, personaJebs mxolod
calmxrivi dialogi aqvT saqanelasTan... is ki trialebs... gadaixrebagadmoixreba... gadaswonis-gadmoswonis... es aris misi wonasworoba, gamudmebulad iryeodes, trialebdes... aq
ar aris gamosavali...
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frazeologiuri metaforebi _
dapyroba da monadireba
anu
`lamazi qali qalaqia,
kaci ki Saragzis yaCaRi~
rogorc yvelasTvis cnobilia, am
or leqsemas (dapyroba da monadireba), pirdapiri mniSvnelobebis garda,
gadataniTi, metaforuli mniSvnelobebic aqv SesityvebaSi: qalis (mamakacis) dapyroba, qalis (mamakacis) monadireba.
ra Tqma unda, frazeologiuri tipis metaforebi SemoqmedebiTi xasiaTis ar aris, magram maTi gaanalizeba
saintereso daskvnebamde migiyvanT.
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fentezuri metaforebi
`vefxistyaosanSi~
rogor warmogidgeniaT, vefxistyaosanze filmi rom gadaiRon, romeli Janrisa iqneba? vfiqrob, es iqneba fentezis Janris suraTi. sxva JanrSi warmoudgenelia, aRwero is pasaJebi, romlebic poemaSi gvxvdeba. miuxedavad imisa, rom fentezis Janri
axalia da, calsaxad, verc vefxistyaosans mivakuTvnebT am Janrs, masSi aucileblad aRmovaCenT im niSnebs
da metaforebs, romlebic am JanriTvisaa niSandoblivi; saerTodac
mgonia, rom vefxistyaosani Janrulad ekleqturia da romeli Janric
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devebis ambavi
poemis swavlebisas skolaSi maswavleblebi e.w. mTavar ambebs aqceven yuradRebas da detalebs xSirad
ar ganixilaven; arada, teqstis mTlianobis gasagebad mniSvnelovania detalebi. amitom aris, rom vefxistyaosanTan kvlav da kvlav mibrunebisas
raRac axals yovelTvis aRmovaCenT.
ar vici, ramdens gaxsovT devebis ambavi...
rogorc poemidan iciT, tarieli
cxovrobda devebis gamoqvabulSi,
romelic brZoliT moipova. am brZolaSi, marTalia, devebma tariels monebi dauxoces, magram tarielmac didi ambavi daawia devebs, ise aawioka,
rom maTi xma zecas swvdeboda.
ese qvabni ukacurni vpoven,
devTa Seekafnes,
Semovebi, amovwyviden,
yola veras ver mexafnes,
maT monani damixocnes,
jaWvni avad moeqafnes.
sawuTroman damaRrija, cqafni misni
kvla mecqafnes.
`devTa yvirili, zaxili
zecamdis aiweoda;
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leqsikonebidan:
ar kacnia, qajniao, mindobian kdesa salsa... poemaSi qajebi Cveulebriv adamianebad ar moixsenebian, maTi
brZolis wesebic gansxvavebulia, iseTi ar aris, romelTac Cveulebrivi
adamianebi, Tundac gmirebi iyeneben.
mitom, rom qajebisgan Sepyrobili
nestani wers satrfos: nuTu eseni
gegonen sxvaTa mebrZolTa wesiTa...?
da ar urCevs aqamde ubrZolvel qajebTan Sebmas:
`qajTa qalaqi aqamdis mterTagan
ubrZolvelia:
qalaqsa Sigan magari klde maRali
da grZelia...~
grZneulebiT ganTqmuli qajebisTvis araferia miuRweveli. maT SeuZliaT saSineli qarebis gamowveva,
wyalze ise siaruli, rogorc xmeleTze, dRis Ramed gadaqceva, Ramis ganaTeba da sxv.
`iqmen rasme sakvirvelsa, mtersa
Tvalsa daubrmoben,
qarTa aRZrven saSinelTa, navsa
zRva-zRva daamxoben,
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Sinaarsi
redaqtorisgan
(kavSiri gulTa Soris)
metafora da nlp
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40
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60
`metaforebi, romlebSic
vcxovrobT~
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poezia metaforaa
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83
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frazeologiuri metaforebi
dapyroba da monadireba
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fentezuri metaforebi
`vefxistyaosanSi~
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gamomcemloba `universali~
,
E-mail: universal@internet.ge
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