FM355 2 TemperatureControl

Preface, Contents
Structure of FM 355-2
1
2
Installation and removal of the

FM 355-2
Wiring the FM 355-2
Installing the parameter assignment application package
How does the FM 355-2 control

processes?
Controller tuning
Implementing FM 355-2 in the

user program in the user program
Commissioning the FM 355-2
Characteristics of digital and

analog I/Os
10
Connecting measurement
transducers and loads/actuators
11
Errors and diagnostics
12
13
Product Overview
SIMATIC
Temperature controller FM 355-2
Manual
Examples
Appendix
Data sheet
Tuning status
Allocation of the DBs
List of RET_VAL messages
List of abbreviations
Additional information
Index
Edition 04/2002
A5E00142771-01
A
B
C
D
E
F
Safety Guidelines
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connected equipment against damage. These notices are highlighted by the symbols shown below and
graded according to severity by the following texts:
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Danger
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are not taken.
Warning
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precautions are not taken.
Caution
indicates that minor personal injury can result if proper precautions are not taken.
Caution
indicates that property damage can result if proper precautions are not taken.
Notice
draws your attention to particularly important information on the product, handling the product, or to a
particular part of the documentation.
Qualified Personnel
Only qualified personnel should be allowed to install and work on this equipment. Qualified persons are
defined as persons who are authorized to commission, to ground and to tag circuits, equipment, and
systems in accordance with established safety practices and standards.
Correct Usage
Note the following:
Warning
This device and its components may only be used for the applications described in the catalog or the
technical description, and only in connection with devices or components from other manufacturers which
have been approved or recommended by Siemens.
This product can only function correctly and safely if it is transported, stored, set up, and installed
correctly, and operated and maintained as recommended.
Trademarks
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Siemens AG
Bereich Automation and Drives
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Postfach 4848, D- 90327 Nuernberg
Index-2Aktiengesellschaft
Siemens
with the hardware and software described. Since deviations

cannot be precluded entirely, we cannot guarantee full
agreement. However, the data in this manual are reviewed
regularly and any necessary corrections included in
subsequent editions. Suggestions for improvement are
welcomed.
Siemens AG 2002
Technical data subject to change.
A5E00142771-01
A5E000142771-01
Preface
Purpose of this manual

This manual describes all the steps required to operate the FM 355-2 function
module. It introduces you quickly and effectively to the functions of the FM 355-2.
Content of the manual

This manual describes the FM 355-2 hardware and software. It consists of an
instruction part and a reference section (Appendices).
The manual contains sections on the following topics:
Controlling with the FM 355-2
Controller tuning
Installation and removal of the FM 355-2
Wiring the FM 355-2
Software package installation
Programming the FM 355-2
Appendices
Basic knowledge required

In order to understand this manual, you should be have a general knowledge of
control engineering.
Also, you should know how to handle computers or equipment similar to a PC
(e.g. programming devices) under a Windows 95/98/2000 or NT operating system.
Where is this manual valid?

This manual contains the description of the FM 355-2 function module, valid at the
time of release. We reserve the right to describe any subsequent changes to the
functions of the FM 355-2 in a Product Information.

A5E00142771-01
iii
Preface
Its place in the information environment

This manual forms part of the S7-300, M7-300 and ET 200M documentation.
System
S7-300
Documentation
S7-300 CPU
installation, CPU Data
S7-300, M7-300 PLCs; Module Data

S7-300 Instruction List
M7-300
M7-300 PLC
ET 200M
Installation, CPU Data

ET 200M Distributed I/O Device

Further Support
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http://www.ad.siemens.com/automation/partner
Training Centers
Siemens offers a number of training courses to familiarize you with the SIMATIC
S7 automation system. Please contact your regional training center or our central
training center in D 90327 Nuremberg, Germany for details:
iv
Telephone:
+49 (911) 895-3200.
Internet:
http://www.sitrain.com

A5E00142771-01
Preface
A&D Technical Support

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The languages of the SIMATIC Hotlines and the authorization hotline are generally German and English.

A5E00142771-01
Preface
Service & Support on the Internet

In addition to our documentation, we offer our Know-how online on the internet at:
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where you will find the following:
vi
The newsletter, which constantly provides you with up-to-date information on

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Information on field service, repairs, spare parts and more under Services.

A5E00142771-01
Contents
1
Product Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-1
1.1
FM 355-2 functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-2
1.2
Fields of application of the FM 355-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-4
1.3
FM 355-2 hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-5
1.4
FM 355-2 software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-7
Structure of FM 355-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-1
2.1
Basic structure of FM 355-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-2
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
FM 355-2 inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Analog inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Digital inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-5
2-5
2-7
2.3
FM 355-2 outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-8
2.4
Control mechanism of the FM 355-2 database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-10
2.5
Characteristics of FM 355-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-13
Installation and removal of the FM 355-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-1
3.1
Preparing for installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-2
3.2
Installation and removal of the FM 355-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4
Wiring the FM 355-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-1
4.1
Pin-out of the front connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-2
4.2
Front connector wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-9
4.3
Module status after initial power on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-11
Installing the parameter assignment application package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-1
How does the FM 355-2 control processes? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-1
6.1
6.1.1
6.1.2
6.1.3
6.1.4
6-3
6-4
6-5
6-6
6.1.5
6.1.6
6.1.7
Error signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Set-value/cascade controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Three-step action controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ratio or blending controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Signal selection for the setpoint value, actual value,
the D input and disturbance variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Setpoint pre-processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Actual value pre-processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.2
6.2.1
6.2.2
Control algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dead band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PID control algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-10
6-10
6-11

A5E00142771-01
6-7
6-7
6-8
6-9
vii
Contents
viii
6.2.3
6.2.4
Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Control band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-17
6-18
6.3
6.3.1
6.3.2
6.3.3
6.3.4
6.3.5
Controller output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Controller output functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Controller output with closed-loop controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Controller output with pulse controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Step controller output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manipulated value limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-19
6-19
6-21
6-23
6-26
6-27
Controller tuning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1
7.1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-2
7.2
Process types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-3
7.3
Area of application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-5
7.4
Overall controller tuning process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-6
7.5
Preparations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-9
7.6
Starting tuning (Phase 1 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-12
7.7
Identifying the point of inflection (Phase 2)

and calculating control parameters (Phase 3, 4, 5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-16
7.8
Checking the process type (Phase 7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-17
7.9
Cooling tuning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-18
7.10
Tuning with step controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-21
7.11
Tuning result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-23
7.12
Tuning aborted by the operator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-25
7.13
Error views and remedies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-25
7.14
Manual fine tuning in control mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-28
7.15
Parallel tuning of controller channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-31
7.16
Saving and retrieving controller parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-33
Implementing FM 355-2 in the user program in the user program . . . . . . . . . .
8-1
8.1
8.1.1
8.1.2
8.1.3
8.1.4
8.1.5
The function block FB 52 FMT_PID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operator control via FB 52 FMT_PID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Monitoring with FB 52 FMT_PID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
How to modify controller parameters via FB 52 FMT_PID . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Program controlled reconfiguration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Correlation between FB parameters
and parameter assignment application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-3
8-4
8-5
8-6
8-7
8.2
Function block FB 53 FMT_PAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-14
8.3
Function block FB 54 FMT_CJ_T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-18
8.4
Function block FB 55 FMT_DS1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-19
8.5
Function block FB 56 FMT_TUN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-20
8.6
Function block FB 57 FMT_PV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-21
8-8

A5E00142771-01
Contents
Commissioning the FM 355-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9-1
10
Characteristics of digital and analog I/Os . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10-1
10.1
Characteristics of the digital I/O (FM 355-2 S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10-2
10.2
Characteristics of the analog inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10-4
10.3
Characteristics of the analog outputs (FM 355-2 C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10-7
Connecting measurement transducers and loads/actuators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-1
11.1
Connecting measurement transducers to analog inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-2
11.2
Using thermocouples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-5
11.3
Connecting voltage/current transducers and resistance thermometers . . 11-10
11.4
Connecting loads/actuators to analog outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-13
11.5
Connecting loads/actuators to digital outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-15
11
12
13
Errors and diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12-1
12.1
Error indication with group error message LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12-2
12.2
Triggering of diagnostics interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12-3
12.3
Measurement transducer error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12-7
Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13-1
13.1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13-2
13.2
Sample application for FM 355-2 C (closed-loop controller) . . . . . . . . . . . .
13-3
13.3
Sample application for FM 355-2 S (pulse controller) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13-7
13.4
Sample applications for FM 355-2 S (step controller) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-11
13.5
Sample application for diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-15
13.6
How to operate the samples with OP 27 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-16
13.7
Example of a cascade control circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-18
13.8
Example of a ratio control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-19
13.9
Example of a blending control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-20

A5E00142771-01
ix
Contents
Data sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A-1
A.1
Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A-3
A.2
Technical data of function blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A-8
Tuning status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B-1
Allocation of the DBs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C-1
C.1
Instance DB of FB 52 FMT_PID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C-2
C.2
Instance DB of FB 53 FMT_PAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C-21
C.3
Instance DB of FB 54 FMT_CJ_T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C-23
C.4
Instance DB of FB 55 FMT_DS1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C-25
C.5
Instance DB of FB 56 FMT_TUN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C-27
C.6
Instance DB of FB 57 FMT_PV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C-31
List of RET_VAL messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
D-1
List of abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E-1
Additional information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F-1
F.1
Supplementary literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F-1
F.2
Spare parts list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F-2
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index-1

A5E00142771-01
Product Overview
In chapter
You will find
on page
1.1
FM 355-2 functions
1-2
1.2
Fields of application of the FM 355-2
1-4
1.3
FM 355-2 Hardware
1-5
1.4
FM 355-2 Software
1-7
FM 355-2 variants
The FM 355-2 is available in two variants:
FM 355-2 C (closed-loop controller with analog outputs)
FM 355-2 S (step and pulse controller with digital outputs)
Order nos.
Product
FM 355-2 C
Scope of delivery
Module FM 355-2 C,
Order no.
6ES7355-2CH00-0AE0
(closed-loop controller)
CD with parameter assignment application,

Manual,
Getting Started, Online Help and Examples
FM 355-2 S
Module FM 355-2 S,
6ES7355-2SH00-0AE0
(Step controller / pulse controller)
CD with parameter assignment application,

Manual,
Getting Started, Online Help and Examples

A5E00142771-01
1-1
Product Overview
1.1
FM 355-2 functions
The function module FM 355-2 is a controller module for use in S7-300, M7-300
and ET 200M PLCs.
Controlling method
The FM 355-2 is a PID controller. You can configure its parameters via an
auto-tuning function:
Module
Controller type
FM 355-2 C
Closed-loop controller
FM 355-2 S
Pulse controller
Tuned by...
... the auto-tuning function of the
module
d l
Step controller
Control structures
You can use the FM 355-2 for the following control structures:
Set-value control
Follow-up control
Cascade control
Ratio control
Blending control
Split-range control (e.g. heating/cooling)
Operating modes
The following operating modes are available on the FM 355-2:
Automatic
Manual (external manipulated value)
Safe mode (Safe setpoint, safety manipulated value)
Correction mode
Backup mode (when CPU in STOP or if CPU fails)
Number of channels
The FM 355-2 is equipped with four independent controllers in four channels.
1-2

A5E00142771-01
Product Overview
Number of inputs/outputs
Table 1-1 provides an overview of the number of FM 355-2 inputs/outputs.
Table 1-1
FM 355-2 inputs and outputs

FM 355-2 C
FM 355-2 S
Analog inputs
Digital inputs
Analog outputs
Digital outputs
Inputs/outputs
Diagnostic interrupt
The FM 355-2 can trigger a diagnostic interrupt if any of the following events occur:
Faulty module parameter assignment
Module defective
Overflow and underflow at analog inputs
Break in load or short circuit at analog outputs
Reference junction
For use with thermocouples, the FM 355-2 has an additional analog input for the
connection of a Pt 100 using 4-wire control. This input is used to measure the
reference junction temperature and for compensation when operating with
thermocouplest.
If the demand on accuracy is moderate, you can use the temperature sensor that
is integrated in the module to measure the reference junction temperature for the
thermocouples J, K and E, or you can configure the reference junction
temperature.
Configuration
The FM 355-2 is configured with the help of a parameter assignment application.

A5E00142771-01
1-3
Product Overview
1.2
Fields of application of the FM 355-2
Where can you use the FM 355-2 ?

The FM 355-2 controller module was designed especially for temperature control.
Fields of application
The FM 355-2 can be used for control tasks in all of the following branches of
industry:
1-4
General mechanical engineering
System engineering
Industrial furnaces
Cooling and heating systems (HVAC)
Food stuff and luxury food industry
Process engineering
Environmental engineering
Glass and ceramic manufacturing
Rubber and plastics machinery
Wood and paperprocessing industry

A5E00142771-01
Product Overview
1.3
FM 355-2 hardware
Module view
Figure 1-1 shows the FM 355-2 module with its front connectors and the expansion
bus with the front panels closed.
Front connectors
with front connector
coding
Rating plate
Diagnostics and
status LEDs
Expansion bus
SIMATIC interface
Labeling strips
Order no.
2
3 4
Release
Figure 1-1
View of the FM 355-2 Module
Front connector
The FM 355-2 provides the following connection options with its front connectors:
8 digital inputs
4 analog inputs
1 reference junction input
8 digital outputs (only FM 355 2 S)
4 analog outputs (only FM 355 2 C)
Supply voltage 24 VDC between L+ and M for the supply to the module and
digital/analog outputs
Reference point for the analog circuit MANA
Please order the front connectors separately (see Appendix F.2).

A5E00142771-01
1-5
Product Overview
Front connector coding

Push the front connector from wiring position into its operating position. The
connectors coding mechanism interlocks. Once this is done, this front connector
can then only be used on an FM 355-2 .
Labeling strips
Enclosed with the module are two labeling strips which you can use to label each
signal name.
The insides of the front panels are labeled with the corresponding terminal
assignments.
Order number and release

The order number and release of the FM 355-2 are shown at the bottom edge of
the left-hand front panel.
Bus connectors
Communication within one tier of the S7-300 is achieved by means of an
expansion bus. The expansion bus is supplied with the FM 355-2.
Diagnostics and status LEDs

The FM 355-2 has 10 LEDs that can be used both for diagnostic purposes and
also to indicate the status of the FM 355-2 and its digital inputs.
Table 1-2
Label
Diagnostics and status LEDs

Color
Function
SF
Red
Group error
Backup
Orange
Indicates backup mode
I0
Green
Status of the digital input I0
I1
Green
I2
Green
I3
Green
I4
Green
I5
Green
I6
Green
I7
Green
The LEDs at the side of the binary outputs of the FM 355-2 S are not used and
therefore of no significance.
1-6

A5E00142771-01
Product Overview
1.4
FM 355-2 software
FM 355-2 software package

For the integration of the FM 355-2 in the S7-300 CPU, you require a software
package which is supplied on CD with the module. This software package consists
of
Configuration software
Function blocks
Online Help
Examples
The parameter assignment application is installed on your programming device or
PC and called under STEP 7. You can specify your parameters via the parameter
assignment application.
Using the parameter assignment application on your programming device or PC,
you can perform the following functions on your FM 3552
Assign parameters,
Tuning
Operator control and monitoring
Online Help
You will find more information on assigning parameters in the integrated Online
Help (F1) or via menu item Help > Help topics.
Software for the S7-300 CPU (Function blocks)

The CPU software consists of the function blocks:
Function block
Task
FB 52 FMT_PID
Operator control, monitoring and online modification of controller parameters.
FB 53 FMT_PAR
Online modification of other parameters.
FB 54 FMT_CJ_T
Reading or writing the reference junction temperature.
FB 55 FMT_DS1
Reading the diagnostics data record DS1.
FB 56 FMT_TUN
Support for controller tuning.
FB 57 FMT_PV
Read/write access to actual values (analog / digital input values) for commissioning
support.

A5E00142771-01
1-7
Product Overview
Programming device (PG)

with STEP7 and
parameter assignment
application
CPU
with user program
and FBs for the
FM 355-2
FM 355-2
Figure 1-2
SIMATIC S7-300 configuration containing an FM 355-2 and several signal

modules
1-8

A5E00142771-01
In chapter
You will find
on page
2.1
Basic structure of FM 355-2
2-2
2.2
FM 355-2 inputs
2-5
2.2.1
Analog inputs
2-5
2.2.2
Digital inputs
2-7
2.3
FM 355-2 outputs
2-8
2.4
Control mechanisms of the FM 355-2 database
2-10
2.5
Characteristics of the FM 355-2
2-13

A5E00142771-01
2-1
2.1

The FM 355-2 C and FM 355-2 S have a similar basic structure, consisting of the
following function blocks:
FM 355-2 inputs
4 analog inputs with analog value pre-processing
1 reference junction input for the compensation of thermocouples
8 digital inputs
Controller (see Chapter 6)

4 independent controller channels, each split into the units error signal,
control algorithm and controller output.
FM 355-2 outputs
4 analog outputs (only FM 355-2 C)
8 digital outputs (only FM 355-2 S)
2-2

A5E00142771-01
FM 355-2 C block diagram

Figure 2-1 shows the block diagram of FM 355-2 C and the connection options of
the various I/O and controllers.
FM 355-2 inputs
Analog input
0
Controller
FM 355-2 C outputs
Analog value
processing
Analog output
0
Analog input
3
Reference junction for analog

inputs 0 ... 3
Analog value
pre-processing
Controller channel 0
Internal temperature sensor

Controller
Channel
3
Analog output
3
Digital input
0
Digital input
7
Figure 2-1
The I/O can be assigned userspecific to the controller channels
Block diagram of the FM 355-2 C
Connection options of FM 355-2 C

The I/O and controllers of FM 355-2 C are not assigned permanently to each other.
They can be interconnected by any user-specific configuration.
Each analog input can pre-process its own analog value (filtering, linearization,
scaling).
You can assign each controller channel up four analog and three digital inputs. The
pre-processed value of a controller channel can be connected to the digital input
or to the output of any other controller channel.
All analog outputs can be connected to a controller output or to an analog value
pre-processing circuit. Analog value pre-processing can, for example, be used to
convert a non-linear temperature value to a linear output signal.

A5E00142771-01
2-3
FM 355-2 C block diagram

Figure 2-2 shows the block diagram of FM 355-2 C and the connection options of
the various I/O and controllers.
FM 355-2 S inputs
Analog input
0
Controller
Analog value pre-processing

Controller
channel 0
Analog input
3
Reference
junction for
analog input
0 ... 3
Internal temperature sensor
Digital input
0
Digital input
7
Figure 2-2
Controller
channel 1
Controller
channel 2
Controller
channel 3
FM 355-2 S outputs
Digital output 0
Digital output
1
Digital output 2
Digital output
3
Digital output
4
Digital output
5
Digital output 6
Digital output
7
Inputs can be assigned

user-specific to the controller channels
Block diagram of the FM 355-2 C
FM 355-2 S connection options

The I/O and controllers of FM 355-2 C are not assigned permanently to each other.
They can be interconnected by any user-specific configuration.
Two digital outputs are permanently assigned to each of the four controller
channels.
Each analog input can pre-process its own analog value (filtering, linearization,
scaling).
You can assign each controller channel up to
four analog and five digital inputs. The pre-processed value of a controller channel
can be connected to the digital input or to the output of any other controller
channel.
2-4

A5E00142771-01
2.2
FM 355-2 inputs
FM 355-2 C and FM 355-2 S have the same structure of analog/digital inputs.
2.2.1
Analog inputs
Sensor type
A
D
Filter
square root
Polyline
Scaling and
offset compensation
pre-processed
analog value
Reference input
Reference junction
temperature
configured
Internal compensation for thermocouples J, K and E
Figure 2-3
The analog input parameters can be adapted for operation on different sensors.
The following settings are possible:
An analog input is not processed,
Current sensor 0 ... 20 mA
Current sensor 4 ... 20 mA
Voltage sensor 0 ... 10 V
Pt 100, 200 ... 850 C
100 200 ... 556 C (double resolution)
100 200 ... 137 C (quadruple resolution)
Thermocouples of types J, K, S, R and B (analog input set to 80 mV)
Free thermocouple (analog input set to 80 mV)
Adaptation to line frequency

To suppress interference when measuring analog signals, the input signal
processing circuit can be adapted to line frequency. The following settings are
possible:
50 Hz operation
60 Hz operation

A5E00142771-01
2-5
Centigrade/Fahrenheit changeover
Temperature can be measured in C as well as in F.
The reference junction temperature is not converted when the temperature unit is
changed.
Reference junction
You have the following configuration options:
Reference input:
When you assign a thermocouple for operation as sensor on an analog input,
you can connect a Pt 100 to the reference junction input of FM 355-2 to
compensate the reference junction temperature for thermocouples.
When you use the reference junction input, the sampling rate of all controllers is
extended by the conversion time for this input (see Figures 2-5 and 2-6).
A fixed reference junction temperature.
Internal compensation for thermocouples J, K and E.
An internal temperature sensor measures the reference junction temperature
directly in the module.

Analog value pre-processing offers various configurable options of pre-processing
input signals. The following table provides an overview of these parameters and
the values that can be set.
Parameter
Configurable values
Comments
Filter
On/Off
Time constant in s
First-order filter whose time

response is set by the time
constant
Square root
On/Off
To linearize sensor signals in

which the actual value is
present as a physical variable
that is associated by square
root function to the measured
actual value
Scaling and
offset
compensation
Bottom
Top
1. To convert the input signal

to another physical unit by
linear interpolation
between the lower range
value (bottom) and the
upper range value (top)
2. For compensation of
actual value offset
Polyline
On/Off
13 interpolation points selectable in
To linearize sensor
characteristic curves
mA units for current input mV units for voltage input
Note
Scaling/polyline: The mA or mV unit is converted to a physical quantity either via
the polyline or - if this is not switched on - via scaling. The polyline is used to
linearize a free thermocouple or for any other linearization.
2-6

A5E00142771-01
2.2.2
Digital inputs
The digital inputs serve to switch operating modes for the individual controller
channels.
The direction of control action of digital inputs can be configured. The following
settings are possible for each of the eight digital inputs:
High active
Low active or open
For the following operating modes you can specify that the switching signal is
output only by the FB or from the digital input also:
Switch to external manipulated value (manual mode)
Switch to compensation mode
Switch to safety manipulated value
With step controllers you can also specify the following input signals via the digital
inputs:
Feedback: Final controlling element has reached high limit
Feedback: Final controlling element has reached low limit

A5E00142771-01
2-7
2.3
FM 355-2 outputs
FM 355-2 C analog outputs

Each FM 355-2 C analog output can be assigned the following functions:
Signal selection
Signal type
Signal selection at the analog outputs

Signal selection lets you specify which signal value is output at the respective
analog output.
The following signal values can be assigned:
The value zero
The pre-processed analog value of one of the four analog inputs
The manipulated value A of one of the four controller channels
The manipulated value B of one of the four controller channels
Type of signal at the analog outputs

For each analog output you can specify the signal type.
The following signal types can be assigned:
2-8
Current output 0 ... 20 mA
Current output 4 ... 20 mA
Voltage output 0 ... 10 V
Voltage output -10 ... 10 V

A5E00142771-01
FM 355-2 S digital outputs

The FM 355-2 S digital outputs serve to control integrated or non-integrated final
controlling elements.
Table 2-1
Assignment and significance of the digital outputs
Controller
channel
3
Open
Close
Digital outputs
assigned to the
controller channel
Significance of the
digital outputs of a
step controller
Assignment of digital
outputs to a pulse
controller
Open
Manipulated value A
Close
Manipulated value B
Open
Manipulated value A
Close
Manipulated value B
Open
Manipulated value A
Close
Manipulated value B
Open
Manipulated value A
Close
Manipulated value B
= opening operation of the final controlling element

= closing operation of the final controlling element

A5E00142771-01
2-9
2.4
Control mechanism of the FM 355-2 database
Data flow during parameter assignment via parameter assignment application

Figure 2-4 shows the route taken by the parameter data from the parameter
assignment application to the FM 355-2.
Configuration
software
HW Config
PG/PC
Offline database
Loading
from
HW Config
Upload to
PG
Download to
module
CPU
FM 355-2
System
data
Loading of system data during
CPU startup and
STOP RUN transition
Figure 2-4
2-10
Configuration of FM 355-2 via the PG/PC and CPU

A5E00142771-01
Parameter assignment
You configure FM 355-2 with the help of a parameter assignment application on
your PG/PC (see Chapter 5). All configuration data are stored in a system data
block (SDB).
Note
Every time the CPU performs a restart (transition from STOP to RUN), the
parameters in the FM 355-2 are overwritten by the values of the system data block
(SDB).
Parameter download to FM 355-2 (Download to module)

You can download the parameters directly from your parameter assignment
application to the FM 355-2 when running your commissioning tests. This way you
avoid having to close the parameter assignment application or set the CPU to
STOP mode several times in succession.
This direct download to the FM 355-2 is a practical feature for performing test runs
of the configuration during commissioning.
Setpoint jumps can occur if you modify parameters in your parameter assignment
application and subsequently download them directly to the FM 355-2. We
recommend the following procedure for you to gain control over the action of the
manipulated value:
1. Switch to manual mode (e.g. via the loop monitor).
2. Edit the parameters.
3. Make a direct download to the FM 355-2.
4. Switch to automatic mode (e.g. via the loop monitor).

A5E00142771-01
2-11
Save the parameters you have modified online

The FM 355-2 gives you the following options of online modification of parameters:
Using FB FMT_PID (controller parameters) and FMT_PAR (further

parameters),
with controller tuning,
via parameter assignment application (upload to the PG)
Please note: Parameter data you have modified online this way will be overwritten
with the parameter data in the SDB during CPU startup.
Save the parameter data you have modified online to the SDB as follows:
1. Upload the parameters from the FM 355-2 to the parameter assignment
application on your PG via PLC > Upload to PG.
2. Save the parameters in your parameter assignment application.
3. Save the project in HW Config with File > Save and compile.
4. Download the data to the CPU with Download to PLC...
2-12

A5E00142771-01
2.5
Characteristics of FM 355-2
Processing sequence
The FM 355-2 processes the analog inputs and controller channels in a set order.
Each controller channel is processed immediately after the analog input with the
same number has been processed and pre-processed. Analog input processing
then continues at the next highest number and so forth. The reference junction
value is processed in first place.
Conversion times
100 ms
Reference junction for analog input 0 ... 3
Startup
of the
FM
100 ms
Controller
channel 0
100 ms
Controller
channel 1
100 ms
Controller
channel 2
100 ms
Controller
channel 3
Analog input 0
Analog input 1
Analog input 2
Analog input 3
Figure 2-5
Processing sequence of the FM 355-2

A5E00142771-01
2-13
Sampling time
The total sampling time for all FM 355-2 controllers is formed by the sum of the
conversion time of the individual analog inputs. Added to this is the conversion
time for the reference junction, if this junction is used.
The conversion time of an analog input is always 100 ms.
When an analog input is not processed, the controller channel with the same
number is also not going be processed (Conversion time = 0).
There are no additional conversion times for the analog outputs. The analog output
values of the FM 355-2 are output immediately after the respective output value
has been calculated.
The minimum time is 100 ms (if only one analog input is processed) and the
maximum is 500 ms (if four analog inputs plus the reference junction are
processed).
Figure 2-6 shows an example of the processing sequence when only three analog
inputs are used.
Conversion times
Startup
Reference junction for analog

inputs
100 ms
0 ... 3
Analog input 0
Analog input 1
Analog input 2
Analog input 3
Figure 2-6
100 ms
Controller
channel 0
100 ms
Controller
channel 1
not used
(0 ms)
100 ms
Controller
channel 2
Controller
channel 3
Processing sequence of the FM 355-2
In the example shown in Figure 2-6 the sampling time for each controller is
calculated as follows:
tscan = 4 x 100 ms = 400 ms.
2-14

A5E00142771-01
Notes on FM 355-2 operation

For operation with the FM 355-2 we can summarize:
The FM 355-2 controllers can be cascaded in any way; that is, you can switch
the manipulated value of a controller channel to the setpoint of another
controller channel.
A controller channel is immediately processed after the analog input of the

same number has been pre-processed.
When a controller uses multiple analog inputs, you should - with regard to short
dead times - use the controller channel whose number corresponds with the
highest number of the analog inputs used.
Example: A controller requires signals from the analog inputs 1, 2 and 3. The
shortest dead time is determined by selecting controller 3.
If you select the setting analog input is not processed at an analog input, the
controller channel with the same number is also not processed. No additional
sampling time is therefore required for this analog input.
If the reference junction input is used, it requires the same conversion time as
an analog input (100 ms).
The sampling time for a controller is the sum of the conversion times of the
analog inputs used plus the conversion time of the reference junction input.
Startup response of FM 355-2

After power is switched on, the initial status of the outputs is zero. The FM 355-2
does not change to actual startup mode until it receives its configuration data
(SDB) from the CPU. Depending on the configuration, either a safety manipulated
value is output or the FM 355-2 is in automatic mode. The FM 355-2 remains in
startup mode until the initial call of FB FMT_PID.
Behavior on CPU failure

If the CPU fails or goes into STOP mode:
The controller enables the safety manipulated value if Manipulated value =

Safe manipulated value is set.
In Control mode, the operating mode of the controller does not change and
you can select the following reactions in the Switch safety setpoint window.
Last valid setpoint value
If setpoint value selection by function block is set, the last specified value
of the setpoint is retained after a CPU failure.
A setpoint determined by the setpoint value of an FM controller or analog
input changes to the corresponding selected value.
Safe setpoint value
The FM controller corrects the value to the safety setpoint.

A5E00142771-01
2-15
Backup mode
If the CPU goes into STOP or fails, or the connection between the FM 355-2 and
the CPU fails, the FM 355-2 goes into backup mode and continues its control with
the parameters valid at the time of error.
These options are available, depending on the configuration:
Manipulated value = Safe manipulated value
Control operation with the last valid setpoint
Control operation with safety setpoint
Backup mode is indicated by the yellow LED.
Firmware update
For upgrades and bugfixes it is possible to download firmware updates to the
operating system memory of FM 355-2. You can execute this function in
HW Config > PLC > Update firmware....
2-16

A5E00142771-01

In chapter
You will find
3
on page
3.1
Preparing for installation
3-2
3.2
3-4

A5E00142771-01
3-1
3.1
Preparing for installation
Defining the slots

Function module FM 355-2 occupies two slots. Like a signal module, it can be
installed in any of the slots 4 through 11.
Configuring the mechanical installation

Options for your mechanical installation and the configuration procedure are
described in the manual S7-300 CPU; Installation, CPU Data. The following
paragraphs give only a few supplementary tips.
1. A maximum of eight signal modules or function modules are permissible per
rack.
2. The maximum number is restricted by the width of the modules or the length of
your profile rail. The FM 355-2 requires a slot width of 80 mm.
3. The maximum number is restricted by the total current load on the 5-V
backplane bus by the modules to the right of the CPU. The FM 355-2 current
consumption from the 5 V backplane bus supply is typically 50 mA.
4. The maximum number is restricted by the memory required by the CPU
software for communication with the FM 355-2 .
Defining the mounting position

Horizontal mounting should be preferred. For vertical arrangement, you must
observe the restricted ambient temperatures (max. 40C).
Defining the start address

You must declare the start address in the instance DBs of the required FBs (see
Chapter 8).
You can apply the same rules used to specify the start address of an analog
module to the FM 355-2.
Fixed addressing
With fixed addressing, the start address is determined by the slot. For information
on the start address of an analog module in the specific slots refer to the tables in
the S7-300 CPU; Assembly, CPU data manual.
You can also calculate this fixed start address using the following equation:
Address = 256 + (rack no. * 128) + (slot no. - 4) * 16
3-2

A5E00142771-01
User-specific addressing
For user-specific addressing you specify the module start address under STEP 7.
Important safety rules

There are important rules you must observe when integrating an S7-300 with an
FM 355-2 into a plant or system. These rules and regulations are described in the
S7-300 CPU; Installation, CPU data manual.

A5E00142771-01
3-3
3.2

No special protective measures (ESD guidelines) are required for the installation of
an FM 355-2 .
Tools required
You will require a screwdriver with a 4.5 mm blade for the installation and removal
of the FM 355-2.
Installation procedure
Below is a description of how to mount the FM 355-2 on the profile rail. Further
information on module installation is found in the manual S7-300 CPU; Installation,
CPU Data.
1. Switch the CPU to STOP mode.
2. The FM 355-2 is supplied with a bus connector. Plug it into the bus connector of
the module mounted on the left of the FM 355-2. (The bus connector is located
at the rear side. You may have to loosen the module once again to access it).
3. Hang the FM 355-2 onto the rail and swing it down.
4. Screw-tighten the FM 355-2 (tightening torque approx. 0.8 ... 1.1 N/m).
If you want to mount further modules to the right of the FM 355-2 , first connect
the bus connector of the next module to the right-hand backplane bus
connector of the FM 355-2.
If the FM 355-2 is the last module in the rack, do not install a bus connector.
5. Label the FM 355-2 with its slot number. Use the number wheel supplied with
the CPU for this purpose.
For information on how to number the module and insert the slot number label,
please refer to the manual S7-300 CPU; Assembly, CPU Data.
6. Mount the shielding terminal element.
3-4

A5E00142771-01
Removal procedure
Below is a description on how to remove the FM 355-2. Further information on
module removal is found in the manual S7-300 CPU; Assembly, CPU Data.
1. Switch off the supply voltage L+ at the front connector.
2. Switch the CPU to STOP mode.
3. Open the front panels. If necessary, remove the labeling strips.
4. Release the front connectors and pull them out.
5. Loosen the fixing screws on the module.
6. Swing the module off the DIN rail and remove it.
7. Mount the new module if applicable.
Further notes
Further information on module installation and removal is found in the manual
S7-300 CPU; Assembly, CPU Data

A5E00142771-01
3-5
3-6

A5E00142771-01
Wiring the FM 355-2

In chapter
You will find
on page
4.1
Pin-out of the front connectors
4-2
4.2
Front connector wiring
4-9
4.3
Module status after initial power on
4-11

A5E00142771-01
4-1
Wiring the FM 355-2
4.1
Pin-out of the front connectors
FM 355-2 front connectors

Wire the digital inputs, the analog I/O and the power supply to FM 355-2 C to the
two 20-pin front connectors.
Figure 4-1 shows a front view of the module, a front connector and, viewed from
the inside of the module, the front panels with the terminal pin-out labeling .
Front view of the module

FM 355-2 C
Temperature
control
SF
Front connector
Pin-out of the left

front connector
Backup
9
1
Ic+
Pin-out of the right

front connector
L+
Ic-
Ic+
Ic-
CH1
Ic+
0..500
CH2
Ic-
0..500
CH3
Ic+
0..500
CH4
Ic-
0..500
MANA
355-2CH00-0AE0
Figure 4-1
4-2
Pin-out of the FM 355-2 C front connectors

A5E00142771-01
Wiring the FM 355-2

Table 4-1

Left front connector
Terminal
Analog
input
Name
Function
Terminal
Analog
output
Name
L+
24 VDC power supply
Right front connector

Function
Ic+
Constant current line

(pos.)
I0
Digital input
Ic

(neg.)
I1
Digital input
M +:
Measurement line (pos.)
I2
Digital input
Measurement line (neg.)
I3
Digital input
Ic+

(pos.)
I4
Digital input
Ic

(neg.)
I5
Digital input
M +:
I6
Digital input
I7
Digital input
10
COMP+ Reference junction input

(pos.)
10
11
COMP Reference junction input

(neg.)
11
12
Ic+

(pos.)
12
Ic

(neg.)
13
14
M +:
14
15
15
13
2
16
17
19
20
MANA
Q1
MANA
Q2
Reference point for the

analog circuit
Analog output
analog circuit
Analog output

(pos.)
16
Ic

(neg.)
17
M +:
18
19

analog circuit
20
24 VDC power supply

ground
MANA
MANA
Analog output
Ic+
3
18
Q0
Q3
3
MANA

analog circuit
Analog output
analog circuit
Note
You must establish a low-impedance connection between the MANA (see
Figure 4-1) terminals and CPU ground. If you supply the transducers with an
external voltage, you must also interconnect the ground of this external voltage
and of the CPU.

A5E00142771-01
4-3
Wiring the FM 355-2
FM 355-2 S front connectors

Wire the digital inputs, the analog I/O and the power supply to FM 355-2 S to the
two 20-pin front connectors.
Figure 4-2 shows a front view of the module, a front connector and, viewed from
the inside of the module, the front panels with the terminal pin-out labeling .
Front view of the module

FM 355-2 S
Temperature
control
S
F
Front connector
Pin-out of the left

front connector
Back
up
0
1
Ic+
2
3
8
9
7
1
Pin-out of the right

front connector
L+
Ic
Ic+
Ic
Ic+
Ic
Ic+
Ic
MANA
355-2SH00-0AE0
Figure 4-2
4-4
Pin-out of the FM 355-2 S front connectors

A5E00142771-01
Wiring the FM 355-2
FM 355-2 S front connectors

Table 4-2

Right front connector
Left front connector

TermiAnanal
log
input
Function
L+
24 VDC power supply
Constant current
line (pos.)
I0
Digital input
Ic
Constant current
line (neg.)
I1
Digital input
M +:
Measurement line
(pos.)
I2
Digital input
Measurement line
(neg.)
I3
Digital input
Ic+
Constant current
line (pos.)
I4
Digital input
Ic
Constant current
line (neg.)
I5
Digital input
M +:
Measurement line
(pos.)
I6
Digital input
Measurement line
(neg.)
I7
Digital input
Function
Ic+
Termi- Con- Name

nal
troller
channel
Name
10
COMP+ Reference junction

input (pos.)
10
11
COMP Reference junction

input (neg.)
11
12
Ic+
Constant current
line (pos.)
12
13
Ic
Constant current
line (neg.)
13
M +:
Measurement line
(pos.)
14
14

A5E00142771-01
Q0
Digital output
With step controller:
Manipulated variable high signal
With pulse controller:
Manipulated variable A
Q1
Digital output
Manipulated variable low signal
Manipulated variable B
Q2
Digital output
Q3
Digital output
4-5
Wiring the FM 355-2
Table 4-2
TermiAnanal
log
input
Name
Function
Termi- Con- Name

nal
troller
channel
15
Measurement line
(neg.)
15
16
Ic+
Constant current
line (pos.)
16
17
Ic
Constant current
line (neg.)
17
18
M+
Measurement line
(pos.)
18
19
Measurement line
(neg.)
19
MANA
Reference point for

the analog circuit
20
Q4
Digital output
Q5
Digital output
Q6
Digital output
Q7
Digital output
20
Function
24 VDC power supply ground
Note
You must establish a low-impedance connection between terminal 20 M20 ANA
(see Figure 4-2) and CPU ground. If you supply the transducers with an external
voltage, you must also interconnect the ground of this external voltage and of the
CPU.
4-6

A5E00142771-01
Wiring the FM 355-2
L+/M power supply

Connect a 24 VDC power supply for the modules and digital outputs to terminals
L+ and M.
An integrated diode protects the module from reverse polarity of the supply
voltage.
Caution
For the 24 VDC power supply module, you must always use a safety extra-low
voltage of 60 VDC which is definitely isolated from line voltage. Protective
isolation can be realized, for example, in compliance with:
VDE 0100 Part 410/HD 384-4-41 / IEC 364-4-41 (as functional extra-low
voltage with safety isolation)
VDE 0805 / EN 60950 / IEC 950 (as safety extra-low voltage SELV)
VDE 0106 part 101
Note
Inductive appliances (e.g. relays and contactors) can be connected without
external circuitry. For SIMATIC output circuits with inductive appliances which can
be switched off by means of auxiliary contacts (e.g. relay contacts), you must
provide an additional (surge) overvoltage protection (see the following example of
overvoltage protection).

A5E00142771-01
4-7
Wiring the FM 355-2
Example of overvoltage protection

Figure 4-3 shows an output circuit that requires additional overvoltage protection.
SIMATIC S7
PLC
Contact in output circuit
Inductive appliance requires a

protective circuit (see Figure 4-4)
Figure 4-3
Relay contact in the output circuit
Circuitry for DC operated coils

The DC operated coil is connected to a diode or Zener diode arrester circuit.
With diode
Figure 4-4
With Zener diode
Circuitry for DC operated coils
Arrester circuit with diodes/Zener diodes

The diode/Zener diode arrester circuit has the following characteristics:
4-8
Sparc voltages can be avoided completely.

Zener diodes have a higher sparc voltage capacity.
High cut-off delay (6 times 9 higher than without protective circuitry)

Zener diodes switch off faster than a diode arrester circuit.

A5E00142771-01
Wiring the FM 355-2
4.2
Front connector wiring
Cables
There are some rules for you to observe when selecting cables:
Connecting cables for the digital inputs I0 ... I7 must be shielded if their length
exceeds 600 meters.
Cables for the transfer of analog signals must be shielded.
You must terminate the shielding of analog signal cables both at the sensor
and close to the module, for example via the shielding terminal attachment.
Use flexible cables with conductor cross-sections of 0.25 ... 1.5 mm2.
A wire end ferrule is not required. If you use wire end ferrules, use only the
short version to DIN 46228 Form A, without insulation collar .
Note
You must short-circuit open analog inputs and connect them to MANA.
Wiring steps
Wire the front connector as follows:
1. Place the front connector into the wiring position and open the front panel.
2. Strip the cables (length 6 mm).
3. Are you using wire end ferrules?
If yes: Crimp the wire end ferrules.
4. Feed the enclosed strain relief into the front connector.
5. If the cable exit is at the bottom, wire the connector starting at the bottom,
otherwise start at the top. Tighten the screws of all terminals not used
(Tightening torque 0.6 ... 0.8 N/m).
6. Tighten the cable strain relief.
7. Push the front connector into the working position.
8. Terminate the shielding across the shielding termination element or shielding
busbar.
9. Label the terminals on the labeling strip.

A5E00142771-01
4-9
Wiring the FM 355-2
Figure 4-5
4-10
Connecting the shielded cable to the FM 355-2

A5E00142771-01
Wiring the FM 355-2
4.3
Module status after initial power on

The module status after initial power on and before any data have been transferred
(factory state), is characterized as follows:
Analog inputs: No processing
Analog outputs (FM 355-2 C): 0 mA
Digital outputs (FM 355-2 S): 0 (switched off)
No controller active
Diagnostic interrupt disabled

A5E00142771-01
4-11
Wiring the FM 355-2
4-12

A5E00142771-01
Installing the parameter assignment

application package
Prerequisites
STEP 7 Version 5.1 Servicepack 4 or later must be correctly installed on your
PG/PC.
Shipping
The software on CD-ROM is shipped with the module.
Installation
This is how you install the software:
1. Insert the CD in the CD-ROM drive of your PG/PC.
2. In the dialog, select your CD-ROM drive and run Setup.exe to start installation.
3. Follow the step-by-step instructions of the install wizard.
This software will be installed on your PG/PC:
Function blocks
Program samples
Online Help
Program samples
The program samples are found in the STEP 7 catalog, in the project
zEn28_01_FMTemp under subcatalog Examples.
View the README file

The readme file contains the latest information on the software you have received.
You can locate this file on your CD under Start > SIMATIC > Product information.

A5E00142771-01
5-1
Installing the parameter assignment application package
Online Help
You parameter assignment application offers an Online Help when you configure
the FM 355-2. You have the following choices of calling the Online Help:
Via menu item Help > Help topics...,
By pressing the F1key
With a click on the help button in the specific parameter assignment screen
forms.
Compared to the manual, the Online Help describes module configuration in closer
detail.
5-2

A5E00142771-01
How does the FM 355-2 control

processes?
In chapter
You will find
6
on page
6.1
Error signal
6-3
6.1.1
Set-value/cascade controller
6-4
6.1.2
Three-step action controller
6-5
6.1.3
Ratio or blending controller
6-6
6.1.4
Signal selection for the setpoint value, actual value, the D input
and disturbance variable
6-7
6.1.5
Setpoint pre-processing
6-7
6.1.6
Actual value pre-processing
6-8
6.1.7
Interrupt
6-9
6.2
Control algorithm
6-10
6.2.1
Dead band
6-10
6.2.2
PID control algorithm
6-11
6.2.3
Cooling
6-17
6.2.4
Control band
6-18
6.3
Controller output
6-19
6.3.1
Controller output functions
6-19
6.3.2
Controller output with closed-loop controller
6-21
6.3.3
Controller output with pulse controller
6-23
6.3.4
Step controller output
6-26
6.3.5
Manipulated value limits
6-27

A5E00142771-01
6-1
How does the FM 355-2 control processes?
Controllers
Each controller of an FM 355-2 channel consists of the following configurable
blocks:
Error
Pre-processing the setpoint value and actual value
Signal selection for the setpoint value, actual value, the D input and
disturbance variable
Control algorithm
PID controller, dead band, cooling and control zone
Controller output
Manipulated value conversion
Manipulated value pre-processing
Controller
+
Error
Figure 6-1
Control algorithm
Controller output
Structure of the controller
Controller structures and controller types

On each FM 355-2 C or FM 355-2 S controller channel you can configure the
following controller structures:
Fixed setpoint or cascade controller
The description of the different controller structures is found in Chapter 6.1,

Page 6-3.
On the FM 355-2 S you can select the following additional controller types:
6-2
Step controller without position feedback
Step controller with position feedback.
Pulse controller

A5E00142771-01
Binary output of manipulated values

All three FM 355-2 S controller types operate with binary output of manipulated
values.
Use the step controller for integrating final controlling elements (e.g. positioning
drives). Two versions can be configured: With or without analog position feedback.
Analog position feedback does often not exist. Do not confuse these signals with
and stop signals (binary position feedback: upper or lower end stop of final
controlling element reached). These signals usually exist and are configured in the
controller output block by clicking on the button Pulse Controller Configured button.
The pulse controller is used to generate pulse width modulated actuating signals.
The signal is converted to a binary output signal so that the configured ratio
between the pulse width and configured period corresponds with the manipulated
value (see the split-range/pulse shaper button). There are two versions of a pulse
shaper:
6.1
Two-step action controller: Operates with manipulated value A and requires

only one digital output (e.g. the heating controller).
Three-step action controller: Operates with manipulated value A and B and

requires two digital outputs (e.g. heating/cooling controller combination).
Error signal
The formation of an error signal has the same basic structure for all controller
types possible in the FM 355 2 C and FM 355 2 S.
The setpoint and actual value are pre-processed accordingly to generate an
effective setpoint and actual value. The effective actual value is subtracted from
the effective setpoint value. The difference (error signal) is applied to the controller.
You can select the setpoint and actual value signal. This offers a universal range of
application for the FM 355-2 (see Table 6-1, Page 6-7).
The structure of the error signal depends on the controller structure you have
selected. The differences are explained in Chapters 6.1.1 through 6.1.3.

A5E00142771-01
6-3
6.1.1
Set-value/cascade controller
Setpoint
Switch safety Ramp
setpoint
Limit
Effective
setpoint
Error
signal
Interrupt
Actual value A
Effective actual value
D input
Disturbance variable
Figure 6-2
Error signal at the fixed setpoint or cascade controller
The manipulated value of a reference variable controller is selected to form the

setpoint for a follow-up controller of a cascade control (see Chapter 13.7,
Page 13-18)
When the follow-up controller is switched to manual mode, the FM 355-2 stops the
integrating element in the corresponding reference variable controller
(Anti-Reset-Windup). When the follow-up controller resumes control mode, the
integrating element of the reference variable controller is also immediately enabled.
When the manipulated variable of a follow-up controller reaches the limit, or if the
ramp function in the setpoint circuit limits the setpoint gradient of a follow-up
controller, the integrating element of the reference variable controller is locked
depending on the direction (Anti-Reset-Windup). This applies until the cause which
limits the follow-up controller is eliminated.
6-4

A5E00142771-01
6.1.2

You require the three-component controller to realize a compound controller in a
blending control (see Chapter 13.9, Page 13-20).
Its inputs Actual value A, B and C are used to calculate the sum PV.
Setpoint
Switch safety Ramp
setpoint
Limit
Add
(Factor for actual value B)
(Factor for actual value C)
(Offset)
Actual value A
Effective
setpoint
Error
signal
Interrupt
Actual value B
D input
Actual value C
Figure 6-3
Error signal at the three-component controller

A5E00142771-01
6-5
6.1.3
Multiply
Setpoint
Switch safety Ramp
setpoint
Limit/scaling
Effective
setpoint
Error signal
Actual value D
Interrupt
Actual value A
D input
Figure 6-4
Error signal at the ratio or blending controller
Ratio or blending controllers are always follow-up controllers. The corresponding

reference variable controller for a ratio controller is a fixed setpoint controller (see
Chapter 13.8, Page 13-19).
The actual value of the follow-up controller is selected as actual value D. The ratio
factor is determined via the setpoint input. If a controller output is selected as ratio
factor FAC, the setpoint is converted (scaled) to 0 ... 100% of the lower gate ...
upper gate value range 100% with the help of the lower and upper range limit.
The corresponding reference variable controller for a blending controller is a
three-component controller (see Chapter 13.9, Page 13-20).
The manipulated variable of the reference variable controller is connected via the
actual value D input. The proportional factor is determined via the setpoint input of
the controller.
The manipulated variable LMN of the compound controller is specified in set to a
value range of 0% ... 100%. The follow-up controller converts this variable at
actual value input D to the value range of actual value A (the range of actual value
A is determined by the upper and lower scaling values of the of the selected
analog input).
When the manipulated variable of a follow-up controller goes into saturation, or if
the ramp function in the setpoint circuit limits the setpoint gradient of a follow-up
controller, the integrating element of the reference variable controller is locked
depending on the direction (Anti-Reset-Windup). This applies until the cause which
limits the follow-up controller is eliminated.
6-6

A5E00142771-01
6.1.4
Signal selection for the setpoint value, actual value, the D input
and disturbance variable
You can choose various signal sources for the setpoint value, the actual value, the
value at the D input (derivative input) and for the disturbance variable of each
controller channel. The following table shows an overview of the signal sources
you can select.
Table 6-1
Signal source selection for the setpoint value, actual value, D input and the
disturbance variable
Signal Source
Affected Values
A value predefined by the user program via the function block

The pre-processed analog value from an analog input
The manipulated value (LMN, LMN_A or LMN_B) of another
Setpoint
controller channel (with cascaded controllers)

Actual values A, B, C
and D
Zero
(The actual values B and C can also be weighted by factors)
Actual value D
Value for the D input

(only relevant for PD
or PID controllers)
6.1.5
Zero
The manipulated value of another controller channel
The error signal following the dead band from its own controller
channel


The inverted effective actual value of its own controller channel
Zero
You have the following options of configuring setpoint pre-processing to generate
an effective setpoint:
Switch safety setpoint

Here you can set:
A safety setpoint
the reaction of FM 355-2 to CPU failure
Optional reactions of FM 355-2 are:
-
Setpoint = last valid setpoint
Setpoint = safety setpoint

A5E00142771-01
6-7
Ramp
You can select ramp for the physical start-to-end range to limit the rate of
change of the setpoint.
Limit/Scaling
If the setpoint is determined by the function block or is a pre-processed analog
value of an analog input, the setpoint is limited to a definable lower and upper
limit.
The setpoint value of a controller output selected as setpoint for a ratio
controller forms a multiplication factor for actual value D. In this case, the
%-setpoint at the input is scaled with the help of the upper and lower limit value,
via the Limit/Scaling button.
The manipulated value of another controller used as setpoint for a fixed setpoint
or cascade controller is scaled to a physical value with the help of the scaling
constants of the selected actual value channel.
Multiplication
Actual value D and actual value A as setpoint are used to form the ratio variable
for ratio controllers. The setpoint input represents the ratio factor This factor
pre-processed to generate an effective setpoint, by multiplication with actual
value D and addition of a configurable offset value. If actual value D is switched
off, only the offset is added to the setpoint.
6.1.6
Actual value pre-processing

The effective actual value and the actual value A are identical in the controller
structures of fixed setpoint/cascade/ratio controllers.
In a controller structure with three-component controllers, the effective actual value
is formed by the sum of actual values A, B and C plus a configurable offset value.
Process variables B and C can also be weighted by factors.
6-8

A5E00142771-01
6.1.7
Interrupt
FM 355-2 is equipped with a limit value monitoring circuit. This allows you to
monitor
The error signal, or
The effective actual value,
that is, upper/lower warning and interrupt limits. You can also configure a
hysteresis for these limits.
Bit is set
Actual value or
error signal
Bit is not
set
Lower warning or
interrupt limit
Incoming interrupts
Upper warning or
interrupt limit
Outgoing interrupts
Hysteresis
Figure 6-5
Warning and interrupt limit hysteresis

A5E00142771-01
6-9
6.2
Control algorithm
The structure of the closed loop controller (FM 355-2 C) and pulse controller
(FM 355-2 S) control algorithm is identical. The cooling and control zone buttons
can not be selected for step controllers (FM 355-2 S).
Effective
manipulated
value
PID
Error signal
Dead time
Cooling
Control zone
D input
Figure 6-6
Block diagram of the control algorithm for closed-loop/pulse controllers
6.2.1
Dead band
A dead band circuit is connected in series to the PID controller. In settled state of
the controller, this dead band suppresses noise potential on the control error signal
which can be generated by a high-frequency interference on the control or
reference variable. Thus, it prevents unwanted oscillation of the controller output.
The dead band width is adjustable. If the error signal is within the set dead band
width, the value 0 (error signal = 0) is output at the dead band output. The output
will only follow the input variable after this variable is out of sensitivity range.
This also causes distortion of a transmitted signal which is out of range of the dead
band. However, this is tolerated in order to avoid jumps at the limits of the dead
band. This distortion is proportional to the value of the dead band width and is
therefore easy to control.
Error signal at the
dead band output
Error signal at the

dead band input
Dead time width
Figure 6-7
6-10
Dead time

A5E00142771-01
6.2.2
PID control algorithm
Control algorithm: PID in a parallel structure

During the cycle of the configured sampling time the controllers manipulated
variable is calculated from the error signal of the PID position algorithm. The
algorithm is a purely parallel structure. The proportional, integral and differential
components can all be switched off individually. For the integral and derivative
components this is done by setting the respective parameter TI or TD to zero.
Zero
P_SEL
SP
GAIN
ER
DISV
P
PFAC_SP
LMN
TI
D
TD
Figure 6-8
Control algorithm of FM 355-2 (Parallel structure)
Feedforward control:
A disturbance variable DISV can be additionally applied to the controllers output
signal.
Attenuation of the P action when setpoint changes occur

You can avoid actual value overshoot or an excessive amplitude of the
manipulated variable with attenuation of the P action via the parameter
Proportional factor at setpoint change (PFAC_SP). Using PFAC_SP, you can now
select continuously between 0.0 and 1.0 to decide the effect of the P component
when the setpoint changes:
PFAC_SP=1.0: P component has full effect if the setpoint changes
PFAC_SP=0.0: P component has no effect if the setpoint changes
Peculiarities of the step controller

A PFAC_SP value < 1.0 can reduce overshoot if the motor actuating time
MTR_TM is small compared to the equivalent time constant TA and if the ratio is
TU/TA < 0.2. If MTR_TM reaches 20 % of TA, only a slight improvement can be
achieved.
A5E00142771-01
6-11
D action in feedback path

When the setpoint changes, you can avoid pulse-shaped D action of the
manipulated variable by moving the D component into the feedback path.
In this structure only the negative setpoint (Factor = -1) is fed forward to the D
component. The derivative component is switched to the feedback path via
Controller D-input switch, by selecting the inverted effective actual value from the
Error signals window as input signal. You can also select the input variable of the
derivative component via parameter D_EL_SEL of function block FMT_PID
(see Chapter 8.1, Page 8-3).
Note
If you move the derivative component to the feedback path, you should also
reduce the value of PFAC_SP. Otherwise, you would increase overshoot of the
actual value.
GAIN
ER
P
I
-1
PV
Figure 6-9
LMN
Control algorithm with derivative component in the feedback path
Inversion of the controller effect

You can enable controller inversion, that is, conversion from
rising error signal = rising manipulated variable to
rising error signal = falling manipulated variable,
by setting a negative proportional action coefficient (GAIN). The polarity sign of the
parameter value determines the controllers direction of action.
6-12

A5E00142771-01
Proportional control
The integral and derivative action is switched off in a proportional controller. That
is, the manipulated variable is also 0 when the error signal ER = 0. You can set
the operating point to 0, that is, a numeric value for the manipulated variable with
error signal = 0, via the operating point parameters:
Automatic operating point: When you switch from manual to auto mode, the
controller automatically sets the operating point to the value of the current
(manual) manipulated variable.
Manual operating point: You can configure the operating point parameters.
Example:
The result of operating point AP = 5% is a manipulated

variable of 5%, with error signal ER = 0.
P_SEL
P
GAIN
ER
Automatic
LMN
not automatic
Operating point
Figure 6-10
Proportional controller with operating point setting via integral

component
Error signal
Manipulated variable
Manipulated variable (t)
ER(t)
t
Figure 6-11
Step response of the proportional controller

A5E00142771-01
6-13
PI control
The derivative component is disabled in a PI controller (TD=0.0). A PI controller
adjusts the output variable via the integral component until the error signal ER = 0.
However, this only applies if the output variable does not exceed the correcting
range. The integrator maintains the value it has at the point where the limits of the
manipulated value are exceeded (Anti-Reset-Windup).
Error signal
Manipulated
variable
Manipulated
variable (t)
GAIN * ER0
GAIN * ER(t)
ER(t)
GAIN * ER0
t
TI
Figure 6-12
Step response of the PI controller
Pulse-free manual/auto mode changeover

If you have selected Smooth manual/auto mode changeover (not with step
controller), the integrator is corrected manually so that the manipulated variable
does not perform a step across the proportional and derivative component as a
result of this manual/auto mode changeover. The integrators error signal
compensation rate is slow. When you switch from manual to auto mode and if
pulse-free manual/auto mode changeover is not selected, the manipulated variable
will perform a step that follows the current error signal. This way an error signal is
quickly corrected.
Note
A step controller is always subject to pulse action at the changeover from manual
to automatic mode. The existing error signal and GAIN leads to a jump in the
internal manipulated variable. The integral effect of the actuator, however, results
in a ramp-shaped excitation of the process.
6-14

A5E00142771-01
Integral control
You can switch off the proportional component of a PI controller to obtain a purely
integral control. This is also possible via the parameter P_SEL of function block
FMT_PID.
PD control
The integral component is disabled in a PD controller (TI=0.0). That is, the output
signal = 0 when the error signal ER = 0. You can set the operating point to 0 that is, a numeric value for the manipulated variable with error signal = 0 - via the
operating point parameters:
Automatic operating point: When you switch from manual to auto mode, the
controller automatically sets the operating point to the value of the current
(manual) manipulated variable.
Manual operating point: You can configure the operating point parameters.
The PD controller generates a proportional component of the input variable ER(t)

for the output signal and then adds the derivative component that is generated by
differentiation of ER(t). The time response (strength of the derivative action or
control area ) is determined by the derivative action time TD (rate time).
For signal smoothing and interference suppression, the derivative action is realized
with a delay circuit of the first order.
The higher your derivative factor D_F,
the smaller is the effective time constant TD/D_F of the delay and
the higher is the maximum initial manipulated variable
the better is the control action and
the higher, however, is noise sensitivity.
D_F is limited to the value range 5.0 through 10.0.

ER
Manipulated
variable
GAIN * D_F * ER0
ER(t)
GAIN * ER0
TD
D_F
Figure 6-13
Step response of the PD controller

A5E00142771-01
6-15
PID control
Proportional/integral/derivative action is enabled in a PID controller. A PID
controller adjusts the output variable via the integral component until the error
signal ER = 0. However, this only applies if the output variable does not exceed
the compensation range. The integrator maintains the value it has at the point
where the limits of the manipulated value are exceeded (Anti-Reset-Windup).
The PD controller generates a proportional component of the input variable ER(t)
for the output signal and then adds the derivative component that is generated by
differentiation and integration of ER(t). The time response is determined by the
derivative action time TD (rate time) and the integration time TI (reset time).
For signal smoothing and interference suppression, the derivative action is realized
with a delay circuit of the first order.
The higher your derivative factor D_F,
the smaller is the effective time constant TD/D_F of the delay and
the higher is the maximum initial manipulated variable
the better is the control action and
the higher, however, is noise sensitivity.
D_F is limited to the value range 5.0 through 10.0.

ER
Manipulated
variable
GAIN * D_F * ER0
GAIN * ER0
GAIN * ER0
ER(t)
TD
D_F
TI
Figure 6-14
6-16
Step response of the PID controller

A5E00142771-01
Implementation, configuration and tuning of the PID controller

A problem not to be underestimated is the manual configuration of PI / PID
controller parameters, that is, to find their correct settings. The quality of this
parameter assignment is decisive for the intended use of a PID control and
demands either substantial practical experience or special know-how, or
time-consuming effort.
The self-tuning functions of the module can be used to assign the controller
parameters. You can start this self-tuning function in your parameter assignment
application, at the OP or directly via FB FMT_PID. After the identification of a
process the process model is here determined and then used to calculate optimal
controller parameter settings (see Chapter 7)
6.2.3
Cooling
The different control loop gain of closed-loop controllers and pulse controllers is
taken into account via the ratio factor RATIOFAC:
If RATIOFAC <> 0.0, a manipulated value < 0.0 is multiplied by RATIOFAC.
The effective controller gain in the cooling range is therefore RATIOFAC*GAIN.
Note
You require manipulated variable B when you switch on split-range mode for
cooling/heating. Thus, you will have to configure the limit of the lower manipulated
value LMN_LLM (e.g. -100.0 %) and the split-range function accordingly.

A5E00142771-01
6-17
6.2.4
Control band
If CONZ_ON = TRUE, the closed-loop controller or pulse controller operates with a
control zone. This means that the controller is operated according to the following
algorithm:
LMN_HLM is output (manual control) if the error signal is higher than the
positive control zone CON_ZONE.
The value LMN_LLM is output as manipulated variable (manual control) if the

error signal is smaller than (-CON_ZONE) or (-CON_ZONE/RATIOFAC if
RATIOFAC<>0.0) (negative control zone).
If the error signal stays within the hysteresis of the control zone, the value
calculated by the PID algorithm is fed forward without changes (automatic
control).
A hysteresis of 20% of the control zone is maintained for the transition between
manual and automatic control.
Note
Before you switch on the control zone manually, make sure the setting of the
control zone band is not too small. If the control zone band is too small, the
manipulated variable and actual value trend.
If split-range mode for cooling/heating control is not enabled, the ratio factor must
be RATIOFAC=0.0. A RATIOFAC unintentionally set to <> 0.0, leads to the
following problems:
After tuning or with LOAD_PID, the calculated value of CON_ZONE is

increased by 50%.
The negative control zone (effective with negative step) is additionally divided
by the value RATIOFAC.
Advantage of the control zone

When the actual value enters the control zone, the D action causes an extremely
fast reduction of the manipulated variable. This means that the control zone is only
useful when derivative action is enabled. Without a control zone, basically only the
reducing proportional action would reduce the manipulated variable. The control
zone leads to a faster settling time without overshoot and subsequent undershoot,
if there is a great distance between the output minimum or maximum manipulated
variable and the manipulated variable required for steady state of the new
operating point.
6-18

A5E00142771-01
6.3
Controller output
6.3.1
Table 6-2
Controller Output functions and possible settings
Configurable parameters
Enabling the external

manipulated value (Manual
mode)
Switching between the external and the effective manipulated value from
the controller can be done in one of the following ways:
Correction input
The following setting options exist:
via function block

via logical OR link of a digital input and the binary value from a FB
The value at the compensation input is zero
The value at the compensation input is the pre-processed analog
value of an analog input
Switch compensation
You can toggle between the manipulated value and the compensation
input as follows:
via function block

via logical OR link of a digital input and the binary value from a FB
Position feedback input
(only step controller)
The following setting options exist:
The value at the position feedback input is 0

The value at the position feedback input is the pre-processed analog
value of an analog input

A5E00142771-01
6-19
Table 6-2
Controller Output functions and possible settings, Fortsetzung

Switch safety manipulated
value
Configurable parameters
Setting the safety manipulated value

Response of FM 355-2 during startup:
FM 355-2 goes into auto mode (see Chapter 2.5, Page 2-13
Startup response),
the safety manipulated value is output as manipulated value
The changeover to safety manipulated value can be done via:
the function block
logical OR link of a digital input and the binary value from a FB
Reactions to CPU failure
With the setting closed-loop control the controller mode remains

unchanged
With the setting manipulated value = safety manipulated value

the controller switches to the safety manipulated value
Reaction to measuring transducer disturbance of the actual value A:

unchanged

Reaction to measuring transducer disturbance at an analog input:

unchanged

Manipulated value limiting
High and low limit
Generating manipulated
values for split-range mode
On/off (closed-loop controllers only)

High and low limit of the input signal
High and low limit of the output signal
pulse shaper
(only FM 355-2 S)
Motor actuating time (only step controller)

Minimum pulse width
Minimum interpulse width
The structure of the controller output block of the control unit varies, depending on
the type of controller (closed-loop controller, pulse controller, step controller
with/without position feedback.
6-20

A5E00142771-01
6.3.2
Controller output with closed-loop controller
External
manipulated
value
Effective
manipulated
value
Enable external manipulated

value
Manipulated
value
Switch compensation
Switch safety
manipulated
value
Limit
Manipulated
value A
Manipulated
value B
Correction input
Figure 6-15
Split-range
Controller output of the closed-loop controller (FM 355-2 C)
Split-range
With the help of the split-range function you can excite two control valves with only
one manipulated variable. The split-range function uses the manipulated value
LMN as input signal to generate the two output signals manipulated value A and
manipulated value B.
Output signal
manipulated value A
End of the output

signal range
Start of the output

signal range
Input signal manipulated value LMN

Start of the input
signal range
Figure 6-16
End of the input

signal range
Manipulated value A of the split-range function

A5E00142771-01
6-21
Output signal
manipulated value B
Start of output
signal range
End of output
signal range

Start of the input
signal range
Figure 6-17
End of the input

signal range
Manipulated value B of the split-range function
The start value of the input signal range must be lower than its end value.
Analog output
At the analog output you can select which signal to output for each channel. You
can use this signal for the linearization of an output value.
Manipulated value A
Manipulated value B
Analog input value
This is how you can linearize a thermocouple signal and convert it to a range of
0 to 10 V, for example.
6-22

A5E00142771-01
6.3.3
Controller output with pulse controller
External
manipulated
value
Effective
manipulated
value

value
Manipulated value
Switch compensation
Switch safety
manipulated
value
Limit
Split-range/
pulse shaper
Correction input
Figure 6-18
Pulse controller output (FM 355-2 S)
Split-range/Pulse shaper
The split-range function pre-processes the analog signal for analog to digital
conversion.
Only manipulated value A is relevant to a two-component controller (e.g. a heating
controller). The conversion of the manipulated value to manipulated value A is
shown in Figure 6-19. The output signal is converted to a digital signal, whereby
the pulse width / period ratio is proportional to manipulated value A at the assigned
digital output.
For example, a manipulated value A of 40% at a 60-second period will result in a
pulse width of 24 seconds and an interpulse width of 36 seconds.
For information on the assignment of digital outputs to controller channels refer to
Table 6-2, Page 6-19.
Output signal manipulated
value A
End of the output
signal range

Start of the output
signal range
Figure 6-19
Start of the input

signal range
End of the input

signal range
Two-step action controller split-range function

A5E00142771-01
6-23
With a three-component controller (e.g. a cooling and heating controller) the above
specifications apply to manipulated value A. The second signal for cooling control
is generated with manipulated value B. Conversion of the manipulated value to
manipulated value A and B is shown in Figure 6-20. The output signal is converted
to a digital signal, whereby the pulse width/period ratio is proportional to
manipulated value A or B at the assigned digital outputs.
For information on the assignment of digital outputs to controller channels refer to
Table 6-2, Page 6-19.
Start of the output

signal range of
manipulated value B
Output signals manipulated value A and B
Manipulated value A
Manipulated value B

Start of the manipulated value
B input signal
range
Figure 6-20
End of the input signal range of manipulated value B
End of the input

signal range of
manipulated value B
Split-range function of the three-component controller
The pulse shaper converts the analog manipulated value LMN_A or LMN_B by
means of pulse width modulation to a pulse sequence with its own configurable
period.
100
LMN_A
or
LMN_B
80
50
50
30
0
QLMNUP
1
0
Cycle time
Period
Figure 6-21
6-24
Pulse width modulation

A5E00142771-01
This means, a manipulated value = 30 % with a 60 s period sets:

QLMNUP = TRUE for 18 seconds,
QLMNUP = FALSE for the remaining 42 seconds.
The pulse width per period is proportional to the manipulated variable. The
equation is:
Pulse width = Period * manipulated value/100
Due to the suppression of minimum pulse/interpulse width the conversion curve
contains break points in the start and end range.
Length of the positive pulse
Period
Period - minimum
pulse width
Minimum interpulse
width
100.0 %
0.0 %
Figure 6-22
Two-step action controller with unipolar manipulated value range
Minimum pulse/interpulse width with pulse shaper

Spike action will reduce the useful life of switching elements and final controlling
elements. You can avoid this negative effect by specifying a minimum
pulse/interpulse width.
Small absolute values of the manipulated variable which would generate a pulse
width shorter than minimum are suppressed.
Higher manipulated values which would generate a pulse width longer than the
period - minimum pulse width, are set to 100%. This reduces pulse shaping
dynamics.
We recommend this setting of the minimum pulse/interpulse width: Minimum
pulse/interpulse width 0.1 * period.
The break points in the curves shown in Figure 6-22 are caused by the minimum
pulse width or minimum interpulse width.
Minimum
pulse width
Period
Figure 6-23
Period
Minimum
interpulse width
Period
Switching behavior of the pulse output

A5E00142771-01
6-25
6.3.4
Step controller output
External
manipulated
value
Effective
manipulated
value
Enable
external
manipulated value
Manipulated
value
Switch compensation
Switch safety
manipulated
value
Limit
Pulse
shaper
Correction input
Figure 6-24
Controller output of a step controller with position feedback (FM 355-2 S)
External manipulated
value
Effective manipulated value
Figure 6-25
Enable external ma- Switch safety

nipulated value
manipulated value
Pulse
shaper
Controller output of a step controller without position feedback (FM 355-2 S)
The external manipulated value and the safety manipulated value have the
following effect on a step controller without analog position feedback:
When you preset a value between 40.0% and 60.0%, no digital output will be set.
The final controlling element remains unchanged.
When you preset a value > 60.0%, Actuating signal is high will be output until the
feedback signal Actuator has reached upper end stop is triggered.
When you preset a value 40.0%, Actuating signal is low will be output until the
feedback signal Final controlling element has reached lower end stop is triggered.
6-26

A5E00142771-01
Manual mode with step controller

You can toggle the controller to manual mode via the loop monitor or by calling FB
FMT_PID. Do so by setting the operator control parameter LMNS_ON = TRUE
and increase or reduce the manipulated value by means of LMN_UP or LMN_DN.
On a step controller with analog position feedback you can also enable manual
mode via the operator control parameters LMN_REON and LMN_RE (external
manipulated value) (same as for a closed-loop controller and pulse controller).
Pulse shaper
The pulse shaper of the step controller converts the analog manipulated value to
pulse signals. You can adapt the response threshold of the three-component
element to reduce the switching frequency of the controller. Make sure the physical
motor actuating time matches your parameter settings.
6.3.5
Manipulated value limits
Note
To ensure optimal compensation of the controller when it reaches the control limits
and for quick release out of the limit range, the limits of the manipulated values
LMN_HLM and LMN_LLM must match the limits which actually affect the process.
For example, if control output B is not wired (or if the split-range function of a
closed-loop controller is disabled), you should configure LMN_LLM according to
the low limit of split-range function A. The normal setting is here 0.0%.
Online modification of manipulated value limits (only closed-loop controller and

pulse controller)
When you reduce the range of the manipulated value, and if the new unlimited
manipulated value is out of limits, the integral action - and therefore the
manipulated value - is shifted (this description applies to the upper limit of the
manipulated value):
The reduction of the manipulated value is proportional to the change in the
manipulated value limit. If the manipulated value was unlimited before it was
modified, it will be limited precisely to the new value.

A5E00142771-01
6-27
6-28

A5E00142771-01
Controller tuning
In chapter
You will find
on page
7.1
Overview
7-2
7.2
Process types
7-3
7.3
Area of application
7-5
7.4
Overall controller tuning process
7-6
7.5
Preparations
7-9
7.6
Starting tuning (Phase 1 2)
7-12
7.7
Identifying the point of inflection (Phase 2) and calculating control

parameters (Phase 3, 4, 5)
7-16
7.8
Checking the process type (Phase 7)
7-17
7.9
Cooling tuning
7-18
7.10
Tuning with step controller
7-21
7.11
Tuning result
7-23
7.12
Tuning aborted by the operator
7-25
7.13
Error views and remedies
7-25
7.14
Manual fine tuning in control mode
7-28
7.15
Parallel tuning of controller channels
7-31
7.16
Saving and retrieving controller parameters
7-33

A5E00142771-01
7-1
Controller tuning
7.1
Overview
The FM 355-2 auto-tuning feature automatically sets the PI/PID controller
parameters. You can tune heating and cooling processes as well as split-range
processes with two counteracting final controlling elements (e.g. the final
controlling elements for heating and cooling processes).
There are two tuning options:
Tuning by operating point approach with a setpoint jump (e.g. when heating up
the ambient temperature to the operating point)
Tuning at the operating point by setting a start bit.
In both cases the process is excited by a configurable setpoint jump. After a point
of inflection is found, the PI/PID controller parameters are available, the controller
switches to automatic mode and continues control with these parameters.
You can tune the controller with the help of the wizard included in your parameter
assignment application, or via FB FMT_PID and OP.
Cooling tuning
For controls operating with two counteracting final controlling elements (final
controlling element for the heating and cooling process), FM 355-2 determines
the process gain ratio (heating/cooling gain) after a manipulated value jump,
using the cooling final controlling element.
Tuning the response of the reference variable controller

The controller is designed for optimum response to interference. The parameter
values determined in this operation would cause on overshoot between 10% to
40% of the step amplitude as a response to setpoint jumps. To avoid this, the
proportional action is attenuated by the PFAC_SP parameter when a setpoint
jump occurs. As an additional measure, you can reduce overshoot in typical
temperature processes caused by high setpoint jump amplitudes via temporary,
controlled minimum or maximum manipulated value preset (control operation
via the control zone).
Saving controller parameters (SAVE_PAR or UNDO_PAR)

Controller parameters are saved before tuning starts. After tuning, you can
retrieve and enable the old parameter setting via UNDO_PAR.
7-2

A5E00142771-01
Controller tuning
7.2
Process types
Besides process gain GAIN_P, the parameters shown in the Figure are
characteristic for a process: Equivalent dead time TU and Equivalent time constant
TA.
The figure below shows the step response:
Process response
to a manipulated
value jump
Inflection point
T
TU
Figure 7-1
TA
Step response
With a manipulated variable excitation of 0 to 100%, you can read the maximum
actual value ramp response time per second at the inflection point: KIG =
100*GAIN_P / TA.
The table below shows the various processes you can use on the FM 355-2:
Table 7-1
Process types
Process type I
Process type II
Process type III
Typical temperature process

(ideal situation)
Intermediate range
Higher order temperature

process (sluggish)
TU/TA < 0.1
TU/TA ca. 0.1
TU/TA> 0.1
One dominating time

constant
Two approximately
equivalent time constants
Multiple time constants
Although the FM 355-2 module is conceived for use in typical temperature

processes of process type I, you can also it in higher order processes of type II
or III.
Note
Controlled systems with TU/TA>0.3 are normally difficult to control.

A5E00142771-01
7-3
Controller tuning
Characteristics of important temperature control systems

Controlled
variable
(actual value)
PV
Temperature
7-4
Type of process
Equivalent
dead time
TU
Equivalent time Ramp response

constant
time KIG
TA
Small, electrically heated furnace
0.5 to 1 min
5 to 15 min
up to 1 KIG
Large, electrically heated furnace
1 to 5 min
10 to 20 min
up to 0.3 KIG
Large, gas-heated furnace
0.2 to 5 min
3 to 60 min
up to 0.02 to 0.5
KIG
Autoclaves
0.5 to 0.7 min
10 to 20 min
High-pressure autoclaves
12 to 15 min
200 to 300 min
Injection mould machines
0.5 to 3 min
3 to 30 min
Extruders
1 to 6 min
5 to 60 min
Packaging machines
0.5 to 4 min
3 to 40 min
0.03 to 0.6 KIG
Destilling column
1 to 7 min
40 to 60 min
0.1 to 0.5 KIG
Steam superheater
0.5 to 2.5 min
1 to 4 min
0.03 KIG
Room heating
1 to 5 min
10 to 60 min
0.02 KIG
0.1 to 0.3 KIG

A5E00142771-01
Controller tuning
7.3
Area of application
Transient response
The process must have a stable, asymptotic transient response with time lag.
The actual value must settle to steady state after a jump of the manipulated
variable, . This therefore excludes processes that already show an oscillating
response without control, as well as processes with no compensation (integrator in
the control system).
Linearity and operating range

The process response must be linear across the operating range. Non-linear
response occurs, for example, when a state of aggregation changes. Tuning must
take place in a linear part of the operating range.
This means, during tuning and normal control operation non-linear effects within
the operating range must be insignificant. It is, however possible to retune the
process when the operating point changes, providing tuning is repeated in the
close vicinity of the new working point and non-linearity does not occur during the
tuning.
If a specific static non-linearity (e.g. valve characteristics) is known, it is always
advisable to compensate this with a polyline to linearize the process response.
Disturbance in temperature processes

Disturbances such as the transfer of heat to neighboring zones must not affect the
overall temperature process too much. For example, when tuning the zones of an
extruder, all zones must be heated simultaneously.
For information on measurement noise and low-frequency interference refer to
Chapter 7.13, Page 7-25.

A5E00142771-01
7-5
Controller tuning
7.4
Overall controller tuning process

We shall first describe tuning of a heating process only. Information on cooling
tuning is found in Chapter 7.9, Page 7-18.
The tuning process runs through several phases. At the PHASE parameter you
can view the current phase of the FM 355-2 block.
Prepare for tuning as follows (see Chapter 7.6, Page 7-12):
Set TUN_ON = TRUE to set the controller ready for tuning. Tuning changes
from phase 0 to phase 1.
After a waiting time in phase 1, specify a setpoint jump at parameter SP_RE or

set TUN_ST = TRUE. The controller is then going to output a manipulated
value jump at TUN_DLMN and then starts to track an inflection point.
Table 7-2
Tuning phases
Description
PHASE
7-6
No tuning mode; automatic or manual mode
Ready to start tuning; check parameters, wait for excitation, measure the
sampling times
Actual tuning: tracking of the inflection point, with constant manipulated

value
3 (1 cycle)
Calculation of the process parameters. Saving currently valid controller

parameters prior to tuning
4 (1 cycle)
Controller design
5 (1 cycle)
Correcting the controller to the new manipulated variable
6 (1 cycle)
Correcting the controller to the new manipulated variable
Check of process type, if process type II or III was determined (heating

tuning only).

A5E00142771-01
Controller tuning
The figure below shows the phases for tuning the ratio between the ambient
temperature and the operating point, initiated by a setpoint jump:
PHASE=3, 4, 5, 6
(one cycle each)
PHASE=0
PHASE=1
PHASE=0 in typical temperature processes without disturbance, otherwise Phase=7 with estimated process type II or
III
PHASE=2
Temperature
LMN
PHASE=0
SP
PHASE=7
TUN_DLMN
Heated
process
state
(operating
point)
PV
LMN
Inflection
point
Cold process
state
TUN_ON: Is reset
by the module
Figure 7-2
Tuning phases

A5E00142771-01
7-7
Controller tuning
The figure below shows the phases of tuning at the operating point, initiated by
TUN_ST = TRUE:
PHASE=3, 4, 5, 6
(one cycle)
Temperature
PHASE=0
PHASE=1
PHASE
=2
PHASE=0 in typical temperature processes, or PHASE=7

with process type II or III
PHASE=0
PV
Actual value at the

operating point
LMN
Actual value at the

operating point
Inflection
point
TUN_DLMN
Is reset by the
module
t
TUN_ON
TUN_ST
Figure 7-3
Phases of tuning at the operating point
At the end of tuning and (see Chapter 7.11, Page 7-23) and when the block returns
to phase 0 and sets TUN_ON=FALSE, you can verify error-free tuning at
parameter STATUS_H/C.
Operator controlled setpoint preset (not with cooling tuning)

The setpoint signal selection must have been set to Preset by function block
FMT_PID.
The setpoint value is specified at parameter SP_RE and must not be interfered
with by any circuits during the tuning.
Note
During phase 1 a tuning process can also be triggered by minor setpoint changes
(e.g. measurement noise at an analog input). In this case, tuning is terminated
very quickly (wrong controller parameters; risk of instability).
7-8

A5E00142771-01
Controller tuning
7.5
Preparations
SIMATIC and the controller

Tuning is started via the parameters TUN_ON, TUN_ST or SP_RE. You can
configure these parameters in the following ways:
With your parameter assignment application
With an operator control and monitoring device
In your user program
Write access the parameters for one cycle only.

You require FB 52 FMT_PID to perform a controller tuning. FB 56 FMT_TUN
returns details.
No tuning in safety mode
You can not initiate tuning in safety mode ! If you do so, FM 355-2 resets
TUN_ON. A current tuning process is aborted (STATUS_H/C=3009) when safety
mode is switched on (SAFE_ON=TRUE).
Warning
Death, serious injury or substantial damage to assets may occur.
The MAN_ON parameter is disabled during tuning. Also, compensation circuits
derived of interrupt limits have no effect. This can cause unwanted - even extreme
- changes of manipulated values or actual values.
The manipulated value is determined in the tuning process. To abort tuning, you
must set TUN_ON = FALSE. This re-enables LMN_REON.

A5E00142771-01
7-9
Controller tuning
Ensuring a quasi-statical initial state (Phase 0)

When low-frequency oscillation of the controlled variable occurs, e.g. because of
wrong controller parameters, you must tune the controller manually before you
start auto-tuning and wait until the oscillation has decayed.
You can also choose to switch to a PI controller that has a low controller gain and
high integration time.
You must now wait until steady state is reached, that is, until both the actual value
and the manipulated value have settled. An asymptotic transition or a slow drift of
the actual value is also permissible (quasi-statical state; refer to Figure 7-4). The
manipulated variable must be constant or fluctuate close to a constant mean value.
Note
Do not modify the manipulated variable shortly before you start tuning. A change
of the manipulated variable may also be caused unintentionally by an attempt to
establish test conditions (e.g. closing a furnace door)! If this has happened
nonetheless, you must wait at least for the actual value to settle to steady state
after an asymptotic transition. You will, however, improve controller parameters by
waiting until the transients have decayed completely.
7-10

A5E00142771-01
Controller tuning
Getting ready for tuning (Phase 0 1)

Set parameter TUN_ON = TRUE. This switches the FM 355-2 ready for tuning
(Phase 1). The TUN_ON bit must only be set in steady state or during aperiodic
transition to steady state.
If the quasi-statical state changes after the TUN_ON bit was set, you must reset
this bit and report the new quasi-statical state to FM 355-2 by setting the TUN_ON
bit again.
The figure below shows the transition to steady state:
Actual value
Impermissible
PHASE=1
Still permissible
quasi-statical
state
PHASE=1
Better is a settled steady state
Non-stationary state
Manipulated value
PV
Manipulated value pulse

LMN
Time
Figure 7-4
Settling to steady state range
In Phase 1, the time prior to process excitation is used by FB 355-2 TCONTCP to

calculate the actual value noise NOISE_PV, the initial rise PVDT0 and the mean
value of the manipulated variable (initial value of the manipulated variable LMN0)
8.58-20.
Note
In Phase 1 you should only delay process excitation until the module was able to
determine the mean value of the manipulated variable and the initial rise of the
actual value (typically: 1 minute).

A5E00142771-01
7-11
Controller tuning
7.6
Starting tuning (Phase 1 2)

You can start tuning in manual/compensation mode or in automatic mode. In
split-range heating/cooling mode you can start tuning of the heating process
(manipulated variable > 0%) as well as of the cooling process (manipulated
variable < 0%).
Prerequisite for the start of heating tuning during the cooling process is that the
heating and cooling signals can simultaneously affect the process.
In this case the manipulated variable LMN0 determined in phase 1 is held constant
and TUN_DLMN is directly applied in the split-range function, thus adjusting only
the heating power (Example: LMN0=-20%, TUN_DLMN=50% -> LMN_B remains
at 20%, LMN_A is switched from 0% to 50%).
If you
the controls operate after tuning
have set PID_ON = TRUE,
with PID parameters.
have set PID_ON = FALSE,
with PI parameters.
Tuning by approaching the operating point with Setpoint jump

The tuning manipulated variable (LMN0 + TUN_DLMN) is activated by a setpoint
jump (transition phase 1 2). The setpoint, however, will not be effective until the
inflection point has been reached (automatic mode is not enabled until this point is
reached).
The user is responsible for deciding on the excitation (TUN_DLMN) according to
the permitted actual value change. The sign of TUN_DLMN must be set depending
on the intended actual value change (take into account the direction in which the
control is operating).
The setpoint jump and TUN_DLMN must be suitably matched. When the value of
TUN_DLMN is too high, you run the risk that the point of inflection is not found
before 75% of the setpoint jump is reached.
Note
If excitation is too sharp compared to the setpoint jump, the actual value can
overshoot heavily (up to factor 3) (see also Chapter 7.13, Page 7-25).
TUN_DLMN must nonetheless be high enough to ensure that the actual value
reaches at least 22% of the setpoint jump. Otherwise, the process would remain in
tuning mode (Phase 2).
Remedy: Reduce the setpoint value during inflection point tracking.
7-12

A5E00142771-01
Controller tuning
Extremely sluggish processes

If processes are extremely sluggish, it is advisable during tuning to specify a target
setpoint that is somewhat lower than the desired operating point and to monitor the
status bits and PV (risk of overshoot).
Tuning only in the linear range
The signals of certain processes (e.g. zinc or magnesium smelters) will pass a
non-linear area at the approach of the operating range (change of the state of
aggregation).
By selecting a suitable setpoint jump, tuning can be limited to the linear range.
When the actual value has passed 75% of the setpoint jump (SP_INT-PV0), tuning
is terminated.
At the same time, TUN_DLMN should be reduced so that the point of inflection is
guaranteed to be found before reaching 75% of the setpoint jump.
Tuning at the operating point without setpoint jump

The tuning manipulated variable (LMN0 + TUN_DLMN) is activated by setting the
start bit TUN_ST (transition Phase 1 2). When you subsequently modify the
setpoint value, the new value will not take effect until the point of inflection has
been reached (automatic mode will not be enabled until this point has been
reached).
The user is responsible for deciding on the excitation (TUN_DLMN) according to
the permitted actual value change. The sign of TUN_DLMN must be set depending
on the intended actual value change (take into account the direction in which the
control is operating).
Caution
When you to start tuning by setting TUN_ST/TUN_CST as well as a setpoint jump,
the following priority applies: Set TUN_ST before TUN_CST, before the setpoint
jump.
Safety off at 75% is not available when you excite the process via TUN_ST.
Tuning is terminated after the point of inflection is reached. However, in noisy
processes the point of inflection may be significantly exceeded.

A5E00142771-01
7-13
Controller tuning
Compensating operator control errors

Tuning is aborted when one of the errors listed in this table occurs.
Table 7-3
Operator control errors and counter measures

Error
STATUS and measures
Set TUN_ON and TUN_ST or

TUN_CST concurrently
STATUS_H/C = 30001
The sign of the setpoint jump

does not match the actual value
change.
Tuning termination at the point of

inflection
|TUN_DLMN| or |Effective
TUN_DLMN| < 5 % (End of
phase 1)
STATUS_H/C = 30002/30004
Transition in Phase 0
TUN_ON = FALSE
Comment
Can not occur in the wizard, as the
status of TUN_ST and TUN_CST
is set to FALSE in the first screen
form.
Safety Off at 75% disabled
Transition in phase 99
(Phase 0 in a parallel tuning
process)
Output LMN = LMN0

Special case STATUS_H=30004:
The effective manipulated value
difference is limited by split-range
limits, rather than by manipulated
value limits
Either your configured value for

TUN_DLMN is too low, or the
manipulated variable was near a
control limit prior to tuning.
If STATUS_H=30004: Please
note, for example, that heating
tuning is not possible with
negative TUN_DLMN if LMN_A <
5% (Reason: cooling power must
not be adjusted).
In this case, you must prevent
the controller from settling to the
new setpoint value and from
leaving the stationary operating
point without having any reason
to do so (not possible in a parallel
tuning process).
You should now proceed as
follows:

For step controllers without
analog position feedback only
|Effective TUN_DLMN| < 5 %
(Start of phase 2)
STATUS_H = 30002
TUN_ON = FALSE
If TUN_CST:
STATUS_C = 30002/30004
|TUN_CLMN| or |Effective
TUN_CLMN| < 5 % (End of
phase 1)
TUN_ON = FALSE
Special case STATUS_H=30004:

The effective manipulated value
difference is limited by split-range
limits, rather than by manipulated
value limits
7-14
Reduce the setpoint value

TUN_ON = FALSE
Correct TUN_DLMN.
Restart tuning.
Although |TUN_DLMN| >= 5 %,

the error occurs when the value
of the manipulated variable was
close to a control limit prior to the
start of tuning.
Either the value you have
configured for TUN_DLMN is too
low, or the manipulated variable
was close a control limit prior to
the start of tuning.

A5E00142771-01
Controller tuning
Table 7-3
Operator control errors and counter measures, continued

Error
STATUS and measures
If TUN_CST:
STATUS_C = 30003
Special case of |Effective

TUN_CLMN| < 5 % (End of
phase 1):
Transition to Phase 0
TUN_ON = FALSE
Comment
The low limit value LMN_LLM is
too high (e.g. 0%) and therefore
prevents output of cooling power.
TUN_CLMN <= -5%, but

LMN_LLM > -5%.
TUN_CST, but without previous
heating tuning
STATUS_C = 30008
Safe mode of operation
STATUS_C = 30009
Transition to Phase 0
TUN_ON = FALSE
TUN_ON = FALSE

A5E00142771-01
The FM 355-2 transition to safety

mode when the PHASE > 2 is no
longer reported in STATUS_H/C,
as inflection point tracking has
already been terminated.
7-15
Controller tuning
7.7
Identifying the point of inflection (Phase 2) and calculating

control parameters (Phase 3, 4, 5)
The point of inflection is identified in phase 2, while the manipulated value is held
constant. The process forms an average of the actual value to prevent premature
recognition of the point of inflection due to noise on the PV signal:
This mean value is not active initially, that is, the average is always calculated
across one cycle only. As long as the noise exceeds a certain level, the number of
cycles is doubled.
The noise period and amplitude will also be determined. The search for the point of
inflection is canceled and Phase 2 is exited only when the gradient is always
smaller than the maximum rise during the estimated period. TU and T_P_INF are,
however, calculated at the actual point of inflection.
Tuning is only terminated if both of the following conditions also apply (see Chapter
8.5, Page 8-20):
1. The actual value is more than 2*NOISE_PV away from the point of inflection.
2. The actual value has exceeded the point of inflection by 20% of P_INF.
Note
When the process is excited by a setpoint jump, tuning is terminated when the
actual value exceeds 75% of the setpoint jump (SP-PV0) (see below).
Phase 3, 4, 5 and 6 are then executed once. Tuning mode is then terminated and
tuning is returned to phase 0. The controller now always starts in automatic mode,
with LMN = LMN0 + 0.75*TUN_DLMN (this applies, too, if you have operated with
manual control prior to the start of tuning).
Now check the controller function.
7-16

A5E00142771-01
Controller tuning
7.8
Checking the process type (Phase 7)

In typical temperature processes (process type I), there is a danger that the point
of inflection will be found too early due to noise. As a result of the shorter time at
which the point of inflection was found T_P_INF, it is possible that a process type II
or III will be determined.
Phase 7 therefore checks whether or not the process type is correct. This check is
performed in automatic mode, using the recently calculated new controller
parameters. It ends at least 6*TA (equivalent time constant) after the point of
inflection. If process type I is detected, the controller parameters are recalculated
(STATUS_D = 122). Otherwise, the controller parameters remain unchanged.
The check of the process type is canceled during tuning at the operating point
when the actual value reaches the actual value PV0 which was valid at the start of
tuning.
If Phase 7 is aborted by TUN_ON=FALSE, the controller parameters that have
already been deetermined are retained!
Note
It is basically possible to start heating tuning during the cooling process. In this
case, however, the order will not be checked in phase 7.
The reverse case (to start cooling optimization during the heating process) is not
critical, as phase 7 is never executed in the cooling tuning process!

A5E00142771-01
7-17
Controller tuning
7.9
Cooling tuning
Working order
After a step of the manipulated value, FM 355-2 uses the final cooling controlling
element to determine the process gain ratio RATIOFAC (heating/cooling gain) for
controls operating with two counteracting final controlling elements (final controlling
element for the heating and cooling process). The width of the control zone
CON_ZONE is also recalculated. The other controller parameters remain
unchanged.
Prerequisites
You can only tune cooling following a successful heating tuning process. You must
repeat heating tuning if the voltage supply to the FM 355-2 fails!
Manipulated variable A must be used for heating, manipulated variable B for

cooling.
RATIOFAC is effective when LMN<0.0. Thus, the split-range function must be

defined accordingly: A for LMN>=0 .0 and B for LMN<0.0.
The user is responsible for deciding on the excitation (TUN_DLMN) according

to the permitted actual value change. The sign of TUN_CLMN must be set
according to the intended actual value change (take into account the direction in
which the control is operating).
Please note that a negative TUN_CLMN increases cooling power. You can,
however, also activate a manipulated value step with TUN_CLMN > 0.0 by
reducing cooling power.
You can start cooling tuning during the heating process (steady state LMN >
0%) as well as during the cooling process (steady state LMN < 0%):
Conditional for starting cooling tuning is, that the heating and cooling signals
can be concurrently effective in the process.
Thermally coupled temperature zones

In a plant operated with multiple thermally coupled temperature zones (e.g. plastic
processing machines), you should always start cooling tuning after all (!) zones
have completed heating tuning and are settled at the operating point. Otherwise,
tuning results can be corrupted.
Start
7-18
After the actual value has settled at the operating point, set tuning mode on the
FM 355-2 with TUN_ON=TRUE. Tuning changes from phase 0 to phase 1.
After a waiting time in phase 1, start cooling tuning with TUN_CST = TRUE.

A5E00142771-01
Controller tuning
Identifying the point of inflection

The FM 355-2 changes to PHASE 2, TUN_CST is then instantaneously reset.
LMN0+TUN_CLMN is output as tuning manipulated variable. The previously
determined manipulated variable LMN0 is held constant and TUN_CLMN is applied
directly to the split-range function. Thus, only the cooling power is adjusted.
If you modify the setpoint value during phase 2, the new value is not activated until
the point of inflection has been reached (automatic mode will not be enabled until
this point is reached).
End of cooling tuning

Safety Off at 75% is not available when you excite the process via TUN_CST.
Tuning is completed when the point of inflection has been reached. However, in
noisy processes the point of inflection may be significantly exceeded.
FM 355-2 returns to control mode (PHASE 0) when a point of inflection has been
found in the range of the process variable. FM 355-2 calculates a ratio factor
RATIOFAC (heating/cooling gain) that is taken into account when the manipulated
variable for the cooling range is determined in control mode.
Contrary to heating tuning, the old controller parameters will not be saved (the old
RATIOFAC has already been saved during heating tuning) and phase 4 is not
executed.
That is, STATUS_D remains unchanged (still refers to heating tuning). The PI and
PID data records of the last heating tuning process are retained so that you can
also load these after cooling tuning via LOAD_PID.
Split-range function
During tuning, the gradient of the split-range function is added to the process. If
you want to modify the gradient of the split-range function after tuning, you must
accordingly adapt the controllers GAIN or RATIOFAC parameter.

A5E00142771-01
7-19
Controller tuning
PHASE=, 3, 5, 6
(one cycle)
Temperature
PHASE=0
PHASE=1
PHASE
=2
PHASE=0 for typical temperature processes, or PHASE=7

with process type II or III
PHASE=0
Actual value at the operating point
Inflection
point
TUN_CLMN
Actual value at the operating point
Is reset by the module

TUN_ON
TUN_CST
Figure 7-5
7-20
Phases of cooling tuning

A5E00142771-01
Controller tuning
7.10
Tuning with step controller

The general information on controller tuning applies.
Peculiarities of step controllers

Step controllers on the FM 355-2 operate without control zone.
Phase 7 is not executed.
No cooling tuning.
Note
The motor actuating time is not determined in the tuning process. Rather, it must
be measure or determined prior to the start of tuning using the Test > Determine
motor actuating time function of your parameter assignment application.
Controller design
The motor actuating time MTR_TM should be small compared to the inflection
point time T_P_INF and the equivalent dead time TU (see Chapter 8.5, Page
8-20).
Controllers with a softer action are automatically generated for longer motor
actuating times.
The higher the process excitation TUN_DLMN, the higher is the influence of the
motor actuating time on the controller design.
PI or PID parameters
PI parameters are attenuated by 25% compared to a controller designed for
closed-loop controllers and pulse controllers. PID parameters are also determined
(but without the 25% safety margin). The PID parameters should only be used if
the motor actuating time is not too high compared to the process parameters and
when the load on the final controlling element stays within the hysteresis due to the
derivative action.

A5E00142771-01
7-21
Controller tuning
Step controller without analog position feedback

The output of Open/Close instructions is stopped right at the start of phase 1
(Quasi-manual mode).
The mean value of the manipulated variable in phase 1 (LMN0) is not going to be
calculated.
At the start of phase 2 and during the time MTR_TM * TUN_DLMN / 100, an Open
instruction (or with negative TUN_DLMN, a Close instruction) is output.
When an end stop signal is triggered during the pulse action in phase 2, the
effective TUN_DLMN is calculated with: 100 * time / MTR_TM.
When the value of the effective TUN_DLMN < 5 %, the error message
STATUS_H=30002 is output and tuning is canceled. This error can only occur if
the final controlling element is unexpectedly close to a limit.
End or cancellation of tuning

The controller starts with LMN = LMN0 + TUN_DLMN.
7-22

A5E00142771-01
Controller tuning
7.11
Tuning result
The left numeral of STATUS_H/C indicates the tuning status (for details refer to the
Appendix C):
Table 7-4
Tuning result
STATUS_H/C
Result:
Default or new controller parameters have not yet been found.
10000
Suitable controller parameters were found
2xxxx
Control parameters have been found via estimated values; check the
control response or check the STATUS_H diagnostic message and
repeat controller tuning.
3xxxx
An operator input error has occurred; check the STATUS_H

diagnostic message and repeat controller tuning.
After the recognition of the inflection point in phase 6, the following controller
parameters are updated on the FM 355-2 and at the online instance DB of FB
FMT_PID:
Factor for the attenuation of the proportional action PFAC_SP = 0.8
Controller GAIN
Integration time TI (limited to 0.5 s)
Derivative action time (limited to) 1.0 s)
Derivative factor D_F = 5.0
Control zone on/off CONZ_ON=TRUE/FALSE
Control zone width CON_ZONE=250/GAIN
P_SEL = TRUE (even if it was previously a controller with integral action only)
If RATIOFAC<>0.0, then CON_ZONE is multiplied by the factor 1.5.

If a value TD<1.0 s is calculated in the tuning process, only a PI controller is
determined and PID_ON as well as the PID parameters will be set to zero.
The control zone is only enabled for matching process types (process type I and II)
and PID controllers (CONZ_ON = TRUE).
Depending on PID_ON, control is implemented either with a PI or a PID controller.
The old controller parameters are saved and can be retrieved with UNDO_PAR. A
PI and a PID parameter record is saved additionally. Using LOAD_PID and making
a suitable setting for PID_ON, it is also possible to switch later between the tuned
PI or PID parameters.
A previously split structure (Derivative action in the feedback path) will be
maintained.

A5E00142771-01
7-23
Controller tuning
Note
Verify correct operation of your controller parameters immediately after the
controller tuning process is completed.
Split-range function
During tuning, the gradient of the split-range function is added to the process. If
you want to modify the gradient of the split-range function after tuning, you must
adapt the controllers GAIN parameter accordingly.
Saving tuned controller parameters permanently

The new controller parameters are effective on the FM 355-2 immediately after the
point of inflection has been reached, and they are also transferred to the online
instance DB of FB 52 FMT_PID.
After a CPU restart, however, these parameters are overwritten with SDB
parameter data (System data).
You have two options of ensuring that the FM 355-2 resumes operation after a
restart with the parameters previously determined in the tuning process:
Set LOAD_PAR=TRUE to load (after every restart of FM 355-2) the tuned

controller parameters from the instance DB of FMT_PID into the FM 355-2.
At the end of the tuning process, upload the controller parameter data to your
parameter assignment application (upload to PG); save, compile and download
your hardware configuration; the tuned controller parameters are now stored in
the SDB.
Regardless of this, you should also save the tuned controller parameters to the
offline storage area of your project.
Note
The PI, PID and SAVE parameter records can not be stored in the SDB.
The correlation between SDB (System data), instance DB, parameter assignment
application and FM 355-2 is described in Chapter 2.4, Page 2-10.
7-24

A5E00142771-01
Controller tuning
7.12
Tuning aborted by the operator
Premature cancellation of controller tuning

In phase 1, 2 or 3 you can reset TUN_ON = FALSE to cancel tuning without
calculating new parameters. The controller start in automatic mode with LMN =
LMN0. If the controller was operated in manual mode prior to tuning, the old
manual value will be output.
Controller parameters determined up to the time a tuning process is cancelled in
phase 4, 5, 6 or 7 with TUN_ON = FALSE will be retained.
7.13
Error views and remedies
Point of inflection not reached (only with excitation by setpoint jump)

When the actual value has passed 75% of the setpoint jump (SPINT-PV0), tuning
is terminated. This is signaled by Inflection point not reached in STATUS_H/C
(2xx2x).
In this case the currently valid setpoint always applies. By reducing the setpoint
value it is possible to achieve an earlier termination of the tuning function.
In typical temperature processes, terminating the tuning at 75% of the setpoint
jump is normally adequate to prevent overshoot. In processes with a greater lag
(TU/TA > 0.1, process type III) caution is advised. If process excitation is too
strong compared to the setpoint jump, the actual value can overshoot considerably
(up to Factor 3).
In processes of a higher order there will be significant overshoot if the point of
inflection is still a long way off after reaching 75% of the setpoint jump. In addition
to this, the control parameters are too sharp. You should then weaken the
controller parameters and repeat the attempt.

A5E00142771-01
7-25
Controller tuning
The schematic below illustrates the overshoot of the actual value when the
excitation is too strong (process type III):
PHASE
=0
PHASE=1
PHASE=2
PHASE=0
PHASE=0
Tuning aborted at 75%
Temp. LMN
TUN_DLMN
LMN
PV as a result
of an unchanged LMN
Inflection
point
PV
Cold process
state
SP
75% SP
Warm process
state (operating
point)
SP
LMN
t
TUN_ON
t
Figure 7-6
Actual value overshoot due to excess excitation
In typical temperature processes, aborting shortly before reaching the point of

inflection is not critical in terms of the controller parameters.
If you repeat the attempt, reduce TUN_DLMN/ TUN_CLMN or increase the
setpoint jump.
Principle: The tuning manipulated value must match the setpoint jump.
Errors estimating the lag or order

The lag (STATUS_H/C = 2x1xx, 2x2xx or 2x3xx) or the order (STATUS_H/C =
21xxx or 22xxx) could not be determined correctly. Tuning then continues with an
estimated value that can not lead to optimum controller parameters.
Repeat tuning and make sure that there is no disturbance of the actual value.
Note
A special case of a pure PT1 process is indicated by STATUS_H/C = 2x2xx
(TU < sampling time). In this case it is not necessary to repeat the attempt.
Weaken the parameters if the controller oscillate.
7-26

A5E00142771-01
Controller tuning
Quality of the measurement signals (measurement noise, low-frequency

interference)
Tuning results can be distorted by measurement noise or by low-frequency
interference. Here, note the following:
The actual value should be sampled at least twice within one noise period. The
degree of noise should not exceed 5% of the useful signal change.
High-frequency interference can no longer be filtered out by a software block.

An anti-aliasing filter should rather be applied upstream in the measuring
transducer.
Figure 7-7
Aliasing effect due to exceptionally long sampling time
If low-frequency interference occurs, you can assume that the sampling time of
the FM 355-2 is low enough. On the other hand, the FM 355-2 must then
generate a uniform measuring signal by having a large interval in the mean
value filtering. Mean value filtering must extend over at least two noise periods.
Internally in the block, this soon results in higher sampling times so that the
accuracy of the tuning is adversely affected. Adequate accuracy is guaranteed
with at least 40 noise periods to the point of inflection. Possible measure when
you repeat the test: increase TUN_DLMN/TUN_CLMN.
Overshoot
Overshoot can occur in the following situations:
Table 7-5
Cause/remedy in case of overshoot

Cause
Situation
End of tuning
Excitation by a manipulated variable step

which is too strong compared to the setpoint
jump (see above).
PI controller activated by PID_ON = FALSE.

Tuning in
Phase 7
Initially, less aggressive controller parameters

were obtained (process type III) that can lead to
overshoot in Phase 7.
Control mode PI controller and with PFAC_SP = 1.0 for
process type I.

A5E00142771-01
Remedy
Increase the setpoint jump or

reduce the manipulated value jump.
If the process allows a PID

controller, start tuning with PID_ON
= TRUE.
-
If the process allows a PID controller,

start tuning with PID_ON = TRUE.
7-27
Controller tuning
7.14
Manual fine tuning in control mode

You can take the measures described below to obtain a control response without
overshoot:
Adapting the control zone

During tuning, the FM 355-2 determines the control zone width CON_ZONE and,
with an appropriate process type (process type I and II), a PID controller is
activated: CONZ_ON = TRUE. During control mode, you can modify the control
zone or switch it off completely (with CONZ_ON = FALSE).
No control zone for process type III, PI controller, step controller
Activating the control zone with higher order processes (process type III) does not
normally bring any benefit since the control zone is then larger than the control
range that can be achieved with a 100% manipulated variable. There is also no
advantage in activating the control zone for PI controllers.
Note
Before you switch on the control zone manually, make sure that the control zone
width is not too small. This means, the manipulated variable and actual value will
oscillate if the control zone width is too small,.
Weakening control response continuously with PFAC_SP

The control zone offers the best dynamic option of achieving a control response
that is free of overshoot. Use it whenever possibly, that is, on PID controllers for
process type I and II.
With PI controllers, process type III or setpoint jumps within the control zone you
can attenuate control response via the parameter PFAC_SP. This parameter
specifies the amount of P action that is affective for setpoint jumps.
Regardless of the process type, PFAC_SP is set to a default value of 0.8 by the
tuning function; you can later modify this value if required. To limit overshoot during
setpoint jumps (with otherwise correct controller parameters) to approximately 2%,
the following values are adequate for PFAC_SP:
Process type I
Process Type II
Process Type III
Typical temperature process
Intermediate range
Higher order temperature

process
PI
0.8
0.82
0.8
PID
0.6
0.75
0.96
Adapt the default factor (0.8) especially under the following situations:
7-28

A5E00142771-01
Controller tuning
Process type I with PID (0.8 0.6): With PFAC_SP = 0.8, setpoint jumps will
still lead to approx. 18% overshoot.
Process type III with PID (0.8 0.96): With PFAC_SP = 0.8, the setpoint
jumps is attenuated too heavily. This leads to a significant loss of tuning time.
Example of control response attenuation with PFAC_SP

Table 7-6
Parameter list for the example

Controller parameters:
Process parameters:
GAIN = 6
GAIN = 1.45
T1 = 50 s
TI = 19.6 s
T2 = 5 s;
Actual value
Setpoint
Actual value
Manipulated value
Zoom
Figure 7-8
Trend showing three attempts, each with a setpoint jump from 0 to 60
The table below shows - for PFAC_SP = 1.0, 0.8 and 0.0 - the respective
overshoot of the actual value following a setpoint jump from 0 to 60:
PFAC_SP
Comment
Overshoot
1.0
No proportional action in the feedback path; control response not

attenuated
32%
0.8
20% proportional action in the feedback path; optimum control

response
2%
0.0
Proportional action only in the feedback path; too strongly

damped, long transient response

A5E00142771-01
7-29
Controller tuning
Note
In all three cases, the manipulated variable has not reached the limit. The
overshoot percentage would be reduced when the limit is reached.
Attenuation of control parameters

When a closed-loop control circuit oscillates or if overshoot occurs after setpoint
jumps, you can reduce the controllers GAIN (e.g. to 80% of the original value) and
increase the integration time TI (e.g. to 150% of the original value). If the analog
manipulated variable of the closed-loop controller is converted to binary actuating
signals by a pulse shaper, quantization noise may cause minor permanent
oscillation. You can eliminate this effect by increasing the dead band width
DEADB_W.
Control parameter modification

If you want to modify your controller parameters, proceed as follows:
1. Save the current parameters with SAVE_PAR.
2. Modify the parameters.
3. Test the control response.
If the new parameter settings are worse than the old ones, retrieve the old
parameters with UNDO_PAR.
7-30

A5E00142771-01
Controller tuning
7.15
Parallel tuning of controller channels
Neighboring zones (strong temperature coupling effect)

When two or multiple controllers of a module are used to control the temperature,
for example, on a plate (e.g. two heaters and two measured actual values with
strong temperature coupling), you have the option of parallel controller tuning. In
this case, proceed as follows:
1. Define the channel group in Zone A or Zone B.
2. Start tuning in one of these channels. Tuning of the other channels will then be
started automatically.
Note
The user must ensure that the setpoint jumps are set concurrently when the
process is excited via setpoint jump.
You can use the wizard to specify the parameters PID_ON and
TUN_DLMN/TUN_CLMN for one channel only. You must specify the parameters
for the other channels in the corresponding instance DBs of FB FMT_PID before
you start tuning.
Tuning is aborted.
Tuning of all channels is aborted if an error occurs in one of the channels (Phase 0
or end of phase 1).
The user can reset tuning by setting TUN_ON=FALSE at any of the participating
channels.
When a channel goes into safety mode, tuning of all other participating channels is
also switched off.
The wizard shows only the status information of the selected channel. For all other
channels, the causes of error are found in the corresponding instance DBs.

A5E00142771-01
7-31
Controller tuning
Advantage:
Each participating controller will output its tuning manipulated variable until all
controllers have exited phase 2. This avoids that the controller that completes
tuning first corrupts the tuning result of the other controller due to the change in its
manipulated variable.
Caution
When 75% of the setpoint jump is reached at one of the participating channels,
tuning is not terminated (risk of overshoot). Automatic mode is only started after all
participating controllers have terminated tuning.
Neighboring zones (weak temperature coupling effect)

As a general rule, tuning should be carried out to reflect the way in which the
control will work later. When zones are operated in parallel during production so
that the temperature differences between the zones remain the same, the
temperature level of the neighboring zones ought to be increased accordingly
during tuning.
Temperature differences at the beginning of a trial are irrelevant since they will be
compensated in the initial heating process (-initial rise = 0).
7-32

A5E00142771-01
Controller tuning
7.16
Saving and retrieving controller parameters

FM 355-2 provides an effective parameter record as well as a backed up
parameter record. Save and retrieval operations are performed by means of
SAVE_PAR or UNDO_PAR in OP structure of FB FMT_PID.
For example, prior to a manual change you can save the current parameters via
SAVE_PAR = TRUE. You can retrieve the last saved controller parameters via
UNDO_PAR = TRUE and enable them for the controller. SAVE_PAR or
UNDO_PAR is reset by FMT_PID at the end of this action.
If you want to know the values in the current parameter record or in the backed up
parameter record, you can retrieve this information via FB FMT_PID
(READ_PAR = TRUE) or FMT_TUN (READ_OUT = TRUE):
Current parameters in the PAR structure
of FMT_PID:
Parameters included in the backup of the

FMT_TUN output parameters:
PFAC_SP
SAV_PFAC
GAIN
SAV_GAIN
TI
SAV_TI
TD
SAV_TD
D_F
SAV_D_F
CON_ ZONE
SAV_CONZ
RATIOFAC
SAV_RATI
CONZ_ON
SAV_CZON
P_SEL
SAV_PSEL
Note
At the end of controller tuning, the saved parameters are overwritten with
parameter data that were valid prior to tuning (Exception: this intermediate saving
operation is discarded in a cooling tuning process).

A5E00142771-01
7-33
Controller tuning
Change between PI and PID parameters

After tuning, the PI and PID parameters are saved on the FM355-2. These
parameter records are loaded by setting LOAD_PID in the structure OP of FB
FMT_PID. If PID_ON in the structure PAR = TRUE, the PID parameter record is
copied to the effective controller parameters; otherwise, the PI parameter record is
copied. LOAD_PID is reset by FMT_PID at the end of this action. Of course, the
value of PID_ON is retained, as it is not an operator control parameter.
If you want to know which values are stored in the PI or PID parameter record, you
can view these data via FB FMT_TUN by setting READ_OUT = TRUE:
PI parameter record
PID parameter record
Controller gain
PI_GAIN
PID_GAIN
Integration time
PI_TI
PID_TI
Derivative action time
0.0
PID_TD
Note
Controller parameters are only written back with UNDO_PAR or LOAD_PID if
the controller gain (SAV_GAIN, PID_GAIN or PI_GAIN) is not equal to zero:
This strategy takes into account the situation that no tuning has yet been made
or that PID parameters are missing. For example, if PID_ON was TRUE and
PID_GAIN = 0.0, PID_ON is set to FALSE and the PI parameters will be
copied.
D_F, PFAC_SP are set to default values by the tuning. The user can later
modify them. LOAD_PID does not modify these parameters.
With LOAD_PID, the control zone is always recalculated

(CON_ZONE = 250/GAIN or 375/GAIN if RATIOFAC <> 0.0), irrespective of
the status CONZ_ON = FALSE.
Pulse-free changeover with LOAD_PID and UNDO_PAR

The changeover is performed so that the sum of the proportional action and
integral action stays equal. A changeover from PID to PI triggers a jump of the
manipulated variable, as the derivative action is disabled. Initially, the changeover
from PI to PID is pulse-free. After a few cycles, however, the derivative action will
lead to a fast change.
7-34

A5E00142771-01
Implementing FM 355-2 in the user

program in the user program
In chapter
You will find
8
on page
8.1
The function block FB 52 FMT_PID
8-3
8.1.1
Operator control via FB 52 FMT_PID
8-4
8.1.2
Monitoring with FB 52 FMT_PID
8-5
8.1.3
How to modify controller parameters via FB 52 FMT_PID
8-6
8.1.4
Program controlled reconfiguration
8-7
8.1.5
Correlation between FB parameters and parameter assignment

application
8-8
8.2
Function block FB 53 FMT_PAR
8-14
8.3
Function block FB 54 FMT_CJ_T
8-18
8.4
Function block FB 55 FMT_DS1
8-19
8.5
Function block FB 56 FMT_TUN
8-20
8.6
Function block FB 57 FMT_PV
8-21
Overview of the function blocks

Function block
Effect
FB 52 FMT_PID
For operator control and monitoring via the CPU, as well as for
online modification of controller parameters
FB 53 FMT_PAR
Online modification of further parameters.
FB 54 FMT_CJ_T
Read/write access to the the reference junction temperature

variable in the module.
FB 55 FMT_DS1
For reading the diagnostics data record DS1 from the module
FB 56 FMT_TUN
Support for controller tuning.
FB 57 FMT_PV
Read/write access to actual values (Analog / digital input values),

for commissioning support.
Instance DB assignment
Information on the assignment of the instance DBs of the FBs is found in
Appendix C.

A5E00142771-01
8-1
Implementing FM 355-2 in the user program in the user program
How to create and configure an instance DB

Before you start to program the module in your user program, you must program
an instance DB for each controller channel you are going to use.
1. Under STEP 7, generate the instance DBs for the controller channels as data
blocks DBs with assigned function blocks (e.g. FMT_PID).
2. In each instance DB, enter the module address in parameter MOD_ADDR.
The module address for the FM 355-2 is determined when you configure your
hardware. Apply the start address you have specified in HW Config.
3. In the instance DBs of FMT_PID, FMT_PAR and FMT_TUN, specify the
channel number for the corresponding controller channel (0, 1, 2 or 3) in the
CHANNEL parameter.
4. Save the instance DBs.
8-2

A5E00142771-01
8.1
The function block FB 52 FMT_PID

FB FMT_PID links the FM 355-2 to the user program. . You can use this FB to
modify operator control parameters during runtime. For example, you can preset a
setpoint value and the manipulated value, or you can switch over to external
manipulated value preset (manual mode).
The data required for the function block PID_CS are stored in an instance data
block on the CPU. The program controlled FMT_PID reads/writes data from/to the
FM 355-2.
The specific parameters are described in the Online Help and in Appendix C.
Call
FMT_PID must be called in the same OB as all other FBs that access the same
FM 355-2.
FMT_PID is called in the watchdog interrupt OB. it requires an initialization cycle
that is triggered by setting parameters COM_RST = TRUE during startup of the
CPU. After this initialization cycle, FB FMT_PID sets the status of parameter
COM_RST to FALSE.

A5E00142771-01
8-3
8.1.1
Operator control via FB 52 FMT_PID

FMT_PID transfers the FM 355-2 operator control parameters (e.g. setpoint value,
manually set manipulated value) periodically to the FM 355-2. Operator control
parameters are all the static variables of the instance DB in the OP structure.
When you set LOAD_OP = TRUE, the operator control parameters are transferred
to FM 355-2 by means of SFC WR_REC.
After successful data transfer, parameter LOAD_OP is reset to FALSE by
FB FMT_PID. This process may take a few call cycles if the FM 355-2 is operated
in a system with distributed I/O.
When you transfer data via LOAD_OP, the output parameters are also fetched
from the FM.
Note
You can reduce the runtime of your block (see Section A.2) if you do not set
LOAD_OP. In this case, the block accesses the I/O area of the module for fast
data transfer. The following restrictions apply:
The transfer of OP parameter data via the I/O area includes LMN_DN and is
then stopped.
Data transfer requires three to four cycles even in a local structure.
In automatic mode, only the setpoint SP_RE is transferred, in manual mode

only the manipulated value LMN_RE.
Data transfer via the I/O area is not possible when two instances of FB
FMT_PID access the same channel number of a module.
FB FMT_PID automatically sets LOAD_OP = TRUE

if you have you set one of the parameters TUN_ST, TUN_CST, SAVE_PAR,
UNDO_PAR and LOAD_PID,
if you modify TUN_ON,
and when you modify the setpoint SP_RE.
In all those cases the operator control parameters are transferred once via
SFC WR_REC.
8-4

A5E00142771-01
8.1.2
Monitoring with FB 52 FMT_PID

FB FMT_PID polls the FM 355-2 output parameters (e.g. actual value, manipulated
value or internal states).
They are written to the static variables of the instance DB in the OUT structure.
When you set READ_OUT = TRUE, the output parameters are transferred to FM
355-2 by means of SFC RD_REC. When LOAD_OP = TRUE, operator control
parameters plus the output parameters will be transferred.
After successful data transfer, FB FMT_PID resets parameter READ_OUT to
FALSE. This process may take a few call cycles if the FM 355-2 is operated in a
system with distributed I/O.
Note
You can reduce the runtime of your block (see Section A.2) if you do not set
READ_OUT or LOAD_OP. In this case, the block accesses the I/O area of the
module for fast data transfer. The following restrictions apply in this case:
The parameters SP (setpoint from the FM), ER (error signal), DISV
(disturbance variable), LMN_A, LMN_B, PHASE, STATUS_H, STATUS_C,
STATUS_D and ZONE_TUN are not read from the FM (see Appendix C).
Data transfer requires three to four cycles even in the local structure.
Data transfer across the I/O area is not possible when two instances of FB
FMT_PID access the same channel number of a module.
FB FMT_PID automatically sets READ_OUT = TRUE,
in a tuning process when QTUN_ON = TRUE,
and when you modify the setpoint SP_RE.
Error displays
Output parameter RET_VALU contains the return value RET_VAL of SFC 58 and
59. RET_VALU can be evaluated, if parameter READ_PAR and LOAD_PAR are
not going to be reset. The values of RET_VALU are described in the reference
manual System software for S7-300/S7-400 System and Standard Functions.
An I/O access error may occur when FMT_PID is called and FM 355-2 is missing
or not connected to power. In this case, the CPU goes into STOP if no OB 122 is
loaded in the CPU.
When a data record read/write access error occurs, QMOD_F and QCH_F will be
set. QPAR_F and QCH_F will be set if a configuration error exists.

A5E00142771-01
8-5
8.1.3
How to modify controller parameters via FB 52 FMT_PID

Controller parameters (e.g. controller gain, integration time) are found in the PAR
structure. Controller parameters are initially programmed in your parameter
assignment application a and then transferred to FM 355-2 via system data (see
also Chapter 2.4, Page 2-10).
It only makes sense to modify controller parameters via FMT_PID during runtime,
as a response to specific process states. In this case, proceed as follows:
1. Set the status of parameter READ_PAR of FMT_PID to TRUE.
The FB now fetches the controller parameter data from FM 355-2 and writes
them to its instance DB. The instance DB of FMT_PID is now balanced with the
parameters in your parameter assignment application (System data). After
successful read access to the parameter data, FMT_PID resets parameter
READ_PAR to FALSE. This process may take a few call cycles if the FM 355-2
is operated in a system with distributed I/O.
2. In your user program you can now, when READ_PAR = FALSE, modify specific
controller parameters in the instance DB of FMT_PID.
To do so, call FB FMT_PID via LOAD_PAR = TRUE. FMT_PID will then
transfer all controller parameters from the instance DB to FM. After successful
data transfer, FMT_PID resets parameter LOAD_PAR. This process may take a
few call cycles if the FM 355-2 is operated in a system with distributed I/O.
Note
Note that whenever the CPU performs a startup (transition from STOP to RUN),
the parameters in the FM 355-2 are overwritten by the values in the system data
block (SDB).
CPU
System
data
Instance DBs
(max. 4) of FB
FMT_PID
Loading system data,

startup,
STOP RUN of the CPU
FM 355-2
FB FMT_PID
LOAD_OP
READ_OUT
LOAD_PAR
READ_PAR
Figure 8-1
Operator control, monitoring and parameter assignment via FB FMT_PID and

system data
8-6

A5E00142771-01
8.1.4
Program controlled reconfiguration

The runtime of FMT_PID increases when you use it for program controlled
reconfiguration (LOAD_PAR, LOAD_OP) of FM 355-2. The new parameters will
always be enabled immediately.

A5E00142771-01
8-7
8.1.5
Correlation between FB parameters and parameter assignment

application
The following figures demonstrate the correlation between FMT_PID and the
parameter assignment application of the controller module.
With three-component controllers and ratio or blending controllers, the parameters
will always take affect on the same position as with fixed setpoint or cascade
controllers. This also applies to existing parameters which are common to
closed-loop controllers, controllers with pulse output and step controllers. Basically
said, identical circuit areas will also contain identical parameters. In order to keep a
clear overview, we did not include all structure diagrams or enter all parameters in
every diagram.
However, FMT_PID parameters are included in all diagrams - with the exception of
these parameters: MOD_ADDR, CHANNEL, QMOD_F, QPAR_F, QCH_F,
QLMNR_ON, RET_VALU, COM_RST, LOAD_PAR, READ_PAR, READ_OUT and
LOAD_OP.
The Figures 8-2 to 8-7 show the positions in the module affected by the FMT_PID
parameters.
Setpoint from
parameter
assignment
application
SP_HLM
SP_LLM
Effective
setpoint
SP_RE
Switch safety Ramp
setpoint
Limit
Setpoint
Error
signal
QSPOPON
MONERSEL
H_ALM
H_WRN
L_WRN
L_ALM HYS
Interrupt
Actual value A

D input
D_EL_SEL
Disturbance
variable
Figure 8-2
8-8
Error signal at the fixed setpoint or cascade controller

A5E00142771-01
PFAC_SP
GAIN, D_F
TI, P_SEL
DEADB_W
CONZ_ON
RATIOFAC
TD
CON_ ZONE
Effective
manipulated
value
Error signal
Dead time
Cooling
Control zone
D input
Figure 8-3
LMN_RE
Block diagram of the control algorithm
LMN_REON
Manipulated
value from
parameter
assignment
application
External
manipulated
value
Effective
manipulated
value

value
QLMNOPON
SAFE_ON
LMN_SAFE
LMN_HLM
LMN_LLM
Manipulated
Manipulated
value A
value
LMNTRKON
Switch safety Limiting
manipulated
value
Switch compensation
Split-range
Manipulated
value B
Correction input
Manipulated value compensation
Figure 8-4
Controller output of the closed-loop controller (FM 355-2 C)

A5E00142771-01
8-9
External
manipulated
value
Effective
manipulated
value

value
PULSE_TM
BREAK_TM
Manipulated
value
Switch compensation
Switch safety
manipulated
value
Split-range/
pulse shaper
Limiting
Correction input
Figure 8-5
External
manipulated
value
Effective
manipulated
value

value
Manipulated
MTR_TM
PULSE_TM
BREAK_TM
value
Switch compensation
Switch safety
manipulated
value
Limiting
Pulse
shaper
Correction input
Figure 8-6
8-10
Step controller output, with position feedback (FM 355-2 S)

A5E00142771-01
LOW signal
HIGH signal
Operator control ON
Control signal
MTR_TM
PULSE_TM
BREAK_TM
high
External manipulated value

low
Enable external manipulated value
Switch safety
manipulated
value
Pulse
shaper
LMNRHSRE
LMNRLSRE
Figure 8-7
Step controller output, without position feedback (FM 355-2 S)
The Figures 8-8 to 8-12 show at which positions in the module the output
parameters of FB FMT_PID are generated.
QUPRLM
QDNRLM
Setpoint from
parameter
assignment
application
QSP_HLM
QSP_LLM
SP_RE
Switch safety
setpoint
Ramp
Limit
Effective
setpoint
SP
ER
Error
signal
Setpoint
PV
QH_ALM
QH_WRN
QL_WRN
QL_ALM
QSPOPON
Interrupt
Actual value A

D input
DISV

A5E00142771-01
8-11
Figure 8-8
External
manipulated
value
Effective
manipulated
value
Error signal formation in a fixed setpoint or cascade controller
QLMNOPON
QLMN_RE

value
Manipulated
value from
parameter assignment application
QLMNTRK
QLMN_HLM
QLMNSAFE QLMN_LLM
LMN
Manipulated
QSPR
value
Switch safety
manipulated
value
Split-range
Limit
LMN_A
Manipulated
value A
LMN_B
Switch compensation
Manipulated
value B
Correction input
Figure 8-9
Closed-loop controller output (FM 355-2 C)
External
manipulated
value
Effective
manipulated
value

value
Manipulated
QLMNUP
QLMNDN
value
Switch compensation
Switch safety
manipulated
value
Limit
Split-range/
pulse shaper
Correction input
Figure 8-10
8-12

A5E00142771-01
External
manipulated
value
Effective
manipulated
value

value
QLMNR_HS
Manipulated
QLMNR_LS
value
Switch compensation
Switch safety
manipulated
value
Limit
Pulse
shaper
QLMNDN
Correction input
QLMNUP
LMN_A
Figure 8-11
Step controller output, with position feedback (FM 355-2 S)
QLMNR_HS
QLMNR_LS
External
manipulated value
QLMNUP
QLMNDN
Figure 8-12
Enable external manipulated value
Switch safety
manipulated
value
Pulse
shaper
Step controller output, without position feedback (FM 355-2 S)

A5E00142771-01
8-13
8.2
Function block FB 53 FMT_PAR

FMT_PAR is used in online mode to modify further parameters which could not be
specified in FMT_PID.
To save runtime, you should only call FMT_PAR with LOAD=TRUE if you want to
modify parameters.
Call
FM 355-2.
With each call of FMT_PAR, you can respectively modify one of the REAL
parameters and one of the INT parameters listed in Table 8-1, Page 8-15.
The default value is assigned to the parameter by means of the index numbers
listed in Table 8-1, Page 8-15; you declare these at the INDEX parameter, in the
instance DB of FMT_PAR.
If you want to modify more than one parameter, you must repeat the call of the
same instance DB several times with LOAD_PAR = TRUE and with different index
numbers.
Output parameter RET_VALU contains the return value RET_VAL of the SFCs 58
and 59. The values of RET_VALU are described in the reference manual System
software for S7-300/S7-400 System and Standard functions.
When FM 355-2 is operated in a system with distributed I/O, it may take more than
one call cycle to transfer the parameter to the FM 355-2. Parameter LOAD_PAR
status stays TRUE until the transfer is completed. When you modify parameters,
you must therefore repeat the call of FB FMT_PAR until LOAD_PAR = FALSE.
Note
Please note that the parameters you have modified by means of FMT_PAR will be
overwritten with system data parameters during startup of the CPU.
8-14

A5E00142771-01
Example
During runtime, you want to modify the ramp time of the reference variable, and
use different analog input values as actual value as a response to the process
status.
Table 8-1
To configure a ramp time value of 10.0 for the reference variable during
runtime, call FMT_PAR with INDEX = 30 and VALUE_R = 10.0.
If you want to configure analog input value 4 of the module as actual value
during runtime, call FMT_PAR with INDEX = 50 and VALUE_I = 4.
List of REAL and INT parameters to be modified with FMT_PAR

Description
Data type
Index
number
No parameter selected
REAL
Filtering time constant for analog input
REAL
Scaling of the analog input/end of measurement range is 100%
REAL
Scaling of the analog input/start of measurement range is 0%
REAL
Polyline, measured variable 1 at input side
REAL
REAL
REAL
REAL
REAL
REAL
10
REAL
11
REAL
12
REAL
13
REAL
14
REAL
15
REAL
16
REAL
Polyline, measured variable 1 at output side
17
REAL
18
REAL
19
REAL
20
REAL
21
REAL
22
REAL
23
REAL
24
REAL
25
REAL
26
REAL
27
REAL
28
REAL
29

A5E00142771-01
8-15
Table 8-1
List of REAL and INT parameters to be modified with FMT_PAR, continued
Data type
Description
Index
number
REAL
Ramp time of the reference variable
30
REAL
Safe setpoint value
31
REAL
Offset for setpoint link
(ratio or blending controller)
32
REAL
Factor for actual value B
(three-component controller)
33
REAL
Factor for actual value C
34
REAL
Offset for actual value link
35
REAL
Factor for disturbance variable link
36
REAL
Operating point
37
REAL
Not used
38
REAL
Interpolation points for the split-range function: start of range, input signal A
39
REAL
Interpolation points for the split-range function: end of range, input signal A
40
REAL
Interpolation points for the split-range function: start of range, output signal A
41
REAL
Interpolation points for the split-range function: end of range, output signal A
42
REAL
Interpolation points for the split-range function: start of range, input signal B
43
REAL
Interpolation points for the split-range function: end of range, input signal B
44
REAL
Interpolation points for the split-range function: start of range, output signal B
45
REAL
Interpolation points for the split-range function: end of range, output signal B
46
REAL
Minimum pulse width
47
REAL
Minimum interpulse width
48
INT
Selecting reference variable SP or SP_RE for the controller
49
INT
INT
INT
INT
-1:
Setpoint value SP_RE from the FB
0 to 3:
Analog input value 0 to 3
16 to 19:
Manipulated variable (LMN) from controller 0 to 3
32 to 35:
Manipulated variable A from controller 0 to 3
48 to 51:
Manipulated variable B from controller 0 to 3
Selecting the master setpoint, actual value A for the controller

-1:
Actual value A = 0.0
0 to 3:
Selecting the auxiliary setpoint, actual value B for the controller

-1:
Actual value B = 0.0
0 to 3:
Selecting the auxiliary setpoint, actual value C for the controller

-1:
Actual value C = 0.0
0 to 3:
Selecting the auxiliary setpoint, actual value D for the controller

-1:
INT
8-16
50
51
52
53
Actual value D = 0.0
0 to 3:
16 to 19:
Manipulated variable (LMN) from controller 0 to 3
Selecting the disturbance variable DISV for the controller

-1:
Disturbance variable = 0.0
0 to 3:
54

A5E00142771-01
Table 8-1
List of REAL and INT parameters to be modified with FMT_PAR, continued
Data type
INT
INT
INT
INT
INT
INT
INT
Description
Selecting position compensation TRACK_PER for the controller
-1:
Position compensation = 0.0
0 to 3:
Selecting position compensation LMNR_PER for the controller

-1:
Position compensation = 0.0
0 to 3:
Selecting the signal for the changeover manipulated value/save manipulated

value for the controller
-1:
Preset only via parameter SAFE_ON of FB FMT_PID
0 to 7:
Preset via parameter SAFE_ON of FB FMT_PID, with logical OR

link to digital input 0 to 7
Selecting the signal for changeover to the manipulated value compensation

function of the controller
-1:
Preset only via parameter LMNTRKON of FB FMT_PID
0 to 7:
Preset via parameter LMNTRKON of FB FMT_PID, with logical

OR link to digital input 0 to 7
Selecting the signal for changeover of the controllers manipulated value to

LMN_RE
-1:
Preset only via parameter LMN_REON or FB FMT_PID
0 to 7:
Preset via parameter LMN_REON of FB FMT_PID, with logical

Selecting the high limit signal of the position feedback

-1:
Preset only via parameter LMNRHSRE of FB FMT_PID
0 to 7:
Preset via parameter LMNRHSRE of FB FMT_PID, with logical

Selecting the low limit signal of the position feedback

-1:
Preset only via parameter LMNRLSRE of FB FMT_PID
0 to 7:
Preset via parameter LMNRLSRE of FB FMT_PID, with logical


A5E00142771-01
Index
number
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
8-17
8.3
Function block FB 54 FMT_CJ_T

FMT_CJ_T is used for reading the measured reference junction temperature and
for online modification of the configured reference junction temperature. This is
required in temperature control systems operating multiple FM 355-2 modules with
thermocouple inputs, without the need to connect a Pt 100 to every FM 355-2.
For example, if you measure the reference junction temperature with an FM 355-2
in an extruder control system consisting of more than four heating zones, you can
read this temperature with READ_CJ = TRUE at parameter CJ_T_OUT, and on
the other FM 355-2 modules you can configure it via CJ_TEMP and LOAD_CJ
parameters.
Parameter CJ_T_OUT outputs the measured reference junction temperature in
centigrade or Fahrenheit units (depends on which temperature unit you have
configured).
Parameter CJ_T_OUT outputs 0.0 if:
no sensor of the type Thermocouple was configured,
all analog inputs the configured reference junction temperature was selected,
internal compensation was selected for all analog inputs.
Output parameter RET_VALU contains the return value RET_VAL of the SFCs 58
and 59. The values of RET_VALU are described in the reference manual System
software for S7-300/S7-400 System and Standard functions.
When FM 355-2 is operated in a system with distributed I/O it may take more than
one call cycle to transfer the parameter to the FM 355-2. Parameter LOAD_CJ
status is TRUE until the transfer is completed. When you modify the parameters
you must therefore repeat the call of FMT_CJ_T until the block LOAD_CJ =
FALSE is set.
Call
FM 355-2.
8-18

A5E00142771-01
8.4
Function block FB 55 FMT_DS1

FB 55 FMT_DS1 is available to you for reading the diagnostics data record DS1.
Details on diagnostics are found in Chapter 12.
Call
FB 55 FMT_DS1 must be called in the same OB as all other FBs that access the
same FM 355-2.
FB 55 FMT_DS1 does not require an initialization cycle.
Set parameter READ_DS1 to TRUE in every cycle to obtain the latest diagnostics
values.
After successful read access to diagnostics data, FB FMT_DS1 resets parameter
READ_DS1.

A5E00142771-01
8-19
8.5
Function block FB 56 FMT_TUN

During controller tuning, you can obtain additional details (e.g. saved controller
parameters) at this function block (see Appendix C)
Note
FB 52 FMT_PID is, however, quite sufficient to perform a controller tuning. You
can use this FB to start tuning and to monitor status information.
Call
FB 56 FMT_TUN must be called in the same OB as all other FBs that access the
same FM 355-2.
FB 56 FMT_TUN does not require an initialization cycle.
Set parameter READ_OUT to TRUE at every cycle to obtain the latest diagnostics
values.
After successful read access to diagnostics data, FB FMT_TUN resets the
parameter READ_OUT.
8-20

A5E00142771-01
8.6
Function block FB 57 FMT_PV

This FB is used for read/write access to actual values (analog and digital input
values) you need for commissioning.
Call
FB 57 FMT_PV must be called in the same OB as all other FBs that access the
same FM 355-2.
FB 57 FMT_PV does not require an initialization cycle.
Set parameter LOAD_PV to TRUE periodically, if you want to periodically write
simulated actual values to the FM 355-2.
Set parameter READ_PV to TRUE at every cycle to obtain the latest diagnostics
values.
After successful read/write access to actual values, FB FMT_PV resets parameter
LOAD_PV or READ_PV.
Simulation of analog values(LOAD_PV = TRUE)

Simulation of analog values is enabled for channels 0 to 3 via the switch S_AION[ i
] or S_PVON[ i ], whereby 0 i is 3. The figure 8-13 shows the location at which
the simulated analog value will come into effect.
Specify the simulation values for channels 0 to 3 in the parameters PV_SIM[ i ].
You can activate the simulation values at two positions:
S_AION[ i ] = TRUE
(0 i 3)
The value PV_SIM[ i ] is used, rather than the value of the modules analog
input i.
S_PVON[ i ] = TRUE
(0 i 3)
The value PV_SIM[ i ] is used, rather than the pre-processed value of the
modules analog input i.
Simulation of digital values(LOAD_PV = TRUE)

You can enable the simulation of values for the digital inputs 0 to 7 via the
S_DION[ i ] switch, whereby 0 i is 7.
Specify the simulation values in the parameters DI_SIM[ i ].
S_DION[ i ] = TRUE
(0 i 7)
The value DI_SIM[ i ] is used, rather than the value of the modules digital input
i.

A5E00142771-01
8-21
Note
During simulation, the LEDs I0 ... I7 always indicate the status of the
corresponding digital input.
Simulation value:
PV_SIM [ i ]
0i3
Enable simulation:
S_AION [ i ]
Enable simulation:
S_PVON [ i ]
Sensor type
A
D
Filter
Reference
input
Polyline
Scaling and
offset compensation
Pre-processed analog
value
Enable simulation:
S_DION [ i ]
Simulation value:
DI_SIM [ i ]
configured
internal compensation for the
thermocouples J,
K and E
Figure 8-13
Square
root
Digital value
Digital input
Effect of the simulation values
During restart of the FM 355-2, following a Power Off event, the simulation
switches on the FM 355-2 are set to FALSE.
Note
The power on action and the preset of simulation values (forcing) is not performed
by the parameter assignment application. This is why the corresponding switches
and connections are drawn as dashed lines.
8-22

A5E00142771-01
Display of the actual values (READ_PV = TRUE)

The following variables are displayed:
Even if simulated, the actual status of the digital inputs 0 through 7 is displayed
at the parameters STAT_DI[0] to STAT_DI[7].
The value of the analog inputs 0 to 3 is displayed in mA or mV units at the

parameters DIAG[0].PV_PER to DIAG[3].PV_PER. The simulated value is
displayed when simulation of the analog input value is enabled.
The pre-processed analog input value 0 to 3 is displayed in physical units at the

parameters DIAG[0].PV_PHY to DIAG[3].PV_PHY. The simulated value is
displayed when simulation of the pre-processed analog input value is enabled.
0i3
DIAG [ i ].PV_PER
DIAG [ i ].PV_PHY
Sensor type
A
D
Filter
CJ_T_OUT
Square
root
Polyline
Scaling and
offset compensation
Pre-processed analog
value
Reference
input
Reference
junction temperature
Configured
Internal compensation for the thermocouples J, K
and E
Figure 8-14
Input values displayed
The output parameter RET_VALU contains the return value RET_VAL of the
SFCs 58 and 59.
The values of RET_VALU are described in the S7-300 reference manual System
software for S7-300/S7-400 System and Standard Functions300 .
Note
The update of actual values can be delayed compared to FB FMT_PID when the
FM 355-2 is put under load.

A5E00142771-01
8-23
8-24

A5E00142771-01
HW installation and wiring

To achieve a clear visualization, we have split the process into several smaller
steps. In this first section, you are shown how to install the FM 355-2 in your
S7-300 and wire the external I/O elements.
Step
1
What is to be done?
Installing the FM 355-2 (see Chapter 3)

2
Switch the CPU to STOP mode.
Loosen the neighboring module and plug in the bus connector.
Hang the FM 355-2 onto the rail and screw it tight.
Label the module with its slot number.
Mount the shielding terminal element.
Wiring the FM 355-2 (see Chapter 4)

Analog inputs (left front connector)
Digital inputs (right front connector)
Analog outputs (FM 355-2 C, right front connector)
Digital outputs (FM 355-2 C, right front connector)
Wire the supply voltage

- 24 V supply voltage L+:
right front connector, pin 1
- Supply voltage ground M:
right front connector, pin 20
Wire the reference potential for the analog measurement circuits

- MANA:
3
Shielding
Check the shielding of all cables.
Front connectors
The front connectors must be latched.
left front connector, pin 20
Switching on the voltage supply

Switch on the 24 V supply to the FM 355-2

A5E00142771-01
9-1
Create a new project

If you do not yet have a project, create a new one under STEP 7 so that
configuration is possible by means of parameter assignment screen forms:
Step
What is to be done?
Create a new project under STEP 7.
Assemble a new module rack.
In HW Config, enter your hardware structure in the module rack.
Select the FM 355-2 from the module catalog and drag it to the selected
slot.
Note down the module address which is now displayed.

This value will be required later on to prepare the instance DB.
Now go to the section parameter assignment section.
Implementation of the FM 355-2 in an existing project

If you want to implement an FM 355-2 in the SIMATIC 300 station of an existing
project, proceed as follows:
Step
What is to be done?
Open the SIMATIC 300 station of your existing project.
Select the FM 355-2 from the module catalog and drag it to the selected
slot.
Note down the module address which is now displayed.

This value will be required later on to prepare the instance DB.
9-2

A5E00142771-01
Parameter assignment
Step
1
2
What is to be done?
Select the FM 355-2 from the configuration table and use the menu
command

Click on the basic parameters tab.

Fill out the screen forms for the basic parameters:
In the interrupt selection dialog, determine whether the FM 355-2
should trigger interrupts.

4
Click on OK to save your entries.
Now double-click on the order number of the FM 355-2 to call the

FM 355-2 parameter assignment screen forms.
Fill out the dialogs in the parameter assignment screen forms.
Select menu item

File > Save to save your configuration
Saving configuration data and downloading them to the FM 355-2

Step
What is to be done?
Close your parameter assignment application.
Save your project under File > Save and compile it. Edit > Object
properties.
Switch the CPU to STOP mode.
Download the data to the CPU with Download to PLC...

The data are downloaded directly to the CPU and to the FM 355-2.

A5E00142771-01
9-3
Generating an instance DB and implementation of user data

To enable you to use the modules functions, you must generate an instance DB
for each controller channel.
Step
What is to be done?
Create the instance DBs for the controller channels as data blocks with
the assigned function block FB 52 FMT_PID.
Enter the module address in the MOD_ADDR parameter of each

instance DB.
This is the address you noted down when you were configuring your
hardware under STEP 7.
Enter the channel number (0...3) in the CHANNEL parameter of every

instance DB.
Call the instance DBs periodically in your user program (e.g. in an OB).
Download the user program to the CPU.

You can now tune and test your control system.
Step
What is to be done?
Switch the CPU to RUN mode.
Open your parameter assignment application and measure the motor

actuating time:
Test > measure motor actuating time.
Call controller tuning:

Test > Controller tuning.
Go through the controller tuning steps (Details below).
Monitor and control the control loop via the loop monitor:
Test > Loop view.
Monitor the control loop with the curve recorder function:

Test > Trend plotter.
9-4
(only with step controller)


A5E00142771-01
Controller tuning with the parameter assignment application

Step
What is to be done?
Go to Test > Controller tuning to open the instance DB of FMT_PID.
Using the curve recorder, confirm that the manipulated/actual values are
near transient state and then click on Continue.
Adjust the PID Parameters and click on Continue.
Set Tuning with approach to the operating point by means of setpoint

jump and click on Continue.
Set the operating point to 90 and the manipulated value difference to 80.
Click on Continue.
When the end of controller tuning is displayed, click on Close.
You can now test the controller parameters found, by activating a setpoint jump or
a disturbance variable in the process.
Activating a setpoint jump

What is to be done?
Open the curve recorder under menu item Test.
Open the loop monitor under menu item Test.
Enter a setpoint jump of 70 in the setpoint parameter. Confirm your

entries with a click on the Send button.
Monitor the transient response of the process/manipulated value.
Step
Activating a process disturbance

Step
What is to be done?
Open the variable table VAT_Process in the SIMATIC Manager.
Enter a process disturbance value of 30 in the DISV parameter.
Monitor the transient response of the process/manipulated value.

A5E00142771-01
9-5
Saving the project

After you have successfully passed all tests and tuned the FM 355-2 parameters,
you must save your data once again.
Step
9-6
What is to be done?
Save all the data in the parameter assignment application with

File > Save.
Close your parameter assignment application.
Save and compile the project in HW Config under File

> Save and compile.
When the CPU is in STOP mode, download the data to the CPU with
PLC > Download to module.
Switch the CPU to RUN mode.

A5E00142771-01
Characteristics of digital and analog I/Os

In chapter
You will find
10
on page
10.1
Characteristics of the digital I/O (FM 355-2 S)
10-2
10.2
Characteristics of the analog inputs
10-4
10.3
Characteristics of the analog outputs (FM 355-2 C)
10-7

A5E00142771-01
10-1
10.1
Characteristics of the digital I/O (FM 355-2 S)
Characteristics
The FM 355-2 S digital I/O features are:
8 inputs
8 outputs
Output current 0.1 A
Rated load voltage: 24 VDC
Suitable for switches, 2/3/4-wire proximity switches (BEROs), solenoid valves,

DC contactors and indicator lights
Peculiarity
When connecting the 24 V supply voltage to the system via a mechanical contact,
as a result of the switching, the outputs of the function module carry a 1 signal for
approx. 50 s. You should remember this if you use the FM in conjunction with
fast counters.
Input filter for digital inputs

For interference suppression, the digital inputs I1 through I8 are equipped with
input filters (RC combinations) with a uniform filtering time of 1.5 ms.
Digital outputs
The FM 355 2 S has eight digital outputs Q1 to Q8 for direct triggering of control
actions.
The digital outputs are supplied with the L+ supply voltage.
The digital outputs are current-sourcing switches with a load current capacity of 0.1
A. They are protected against overload and short-circuit.
10-2

A5E00142771-01
Terminal/wiring diagram
Backup
Inputs
L+
L+
0
1
2
Backplane
bus
3
4
5
Minternal
6
7
Outputs
L+
Backplane
bus
Minternal
M
Terminal
diagram
Wiring diagram
Channel number
Status LEDs green
Figure 10-1
Terminal and wiring diagram of the digital I/O (FM 355-2 S)
The LEDs of the digital outputs are not used and therefore of no significance.

A5E00142771-01
10-3
10.2
Characteristics of the analog inputs

Characteristics of the FM 355-2 analog inputs:
4 inputs
Measurement value resolution

14 bits
Measurement type, selectable for each analog input:

Voltage
Current
Resistance
Temperature
Measuring range selection per analog input
Configurable diagnostics interrupt (e.g. measurement range overflow)
Limit-value monitoring
Configurable limit value interrupt
The assignment of the analog inputs to the controller channels is described in

Section 2.1, Page 2-2.
Current measurement
For current measurement, an external 50 measuring shunt must be connected
to the analog inputs between M+ and M.
Reference input COMP+, COMP

If you connect a Pt 100 to measure the reference junction temperature at the
analog inputs COMP+ and COMP, you must supply this Pt 100 with current from
the input CH3 (terminals IC3+ and IC3). You can then no longer connect a Pt 100
to input CH3. Input CH3 is, however, still available for measuring current or voltage
or for connecting a thermocouple (see Figure 10-2).
Resolution
The integration time of 100 ms is the result of the 14-bit measurement value
resolution (see Appendix A).
10-4

A5E00142771-01
Terminal diagram
Voltage measurement
Error LED red
Thermocouples
Resistance
measurement
Current measurement
SF
Ic+
Ic
M1+
M1
CH 0
Ic+
Ic
M2+
CH 1
M2
COMP+
COMP
1)
Ic+
Ic
M3+
CH 2
M3
Ic+
Ic
M4+
CH 3
M4
MANA
MANA
Terminal
diagram
Figure 10-2
IC1+
IC1
CH 0
M1+
M1
IC2+
IC2
CH 1
M2+
M2
COMP+
COMP
IC3+
IC3
CH 2
M3+
M3
IC4+
IC4
CH 3
M4+
M4
MANA
1) with compensation of the reference junction temperature via

Pt 100
Terminal diagram of the analog inputs

A5E00142771-01
10-5
Wiring diagram
Figure 10-3 shows the wiring diagram of the analog inputs. Input resistance
depends on the set measurement range (see Appendix A).
Channel activation
CH 0
Current
source
CH 1
ADC
Processing in
the FM 355-2
External
compensation
Internal compensation
CH 2
Configured
compensation
CH 3
L+
24 VDC
Internal supply
Figure 10-3
10-6
Wiring diagram of the analog inputs

A5E00142771-01
10.3
Characteristics of the analog outputs (FM 355-2 C)

Characteristics of the FM 355-2 C analog outputs:
4 outputs
Youc an select the outputs of each channel to operate as

voltage output
current output
12-bit resolution
Configurable diagnostic interrupts (short-circuit, load break)
The assignment of the analog inputs to the controller channels is described in

Section 2.1, Page 2-2.
Note
When switching the supply voltage (L+) on and off, incorrect intermediate values
may be generated at the output for approximately 10 ms.

A5E00142771-01
10-7
Terminal diagram
Current output
Backup
L+
I0
I1
I2
I3
I4
I5
I6
I7
L+
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
CH0
CH1
CH2
CH3
QI0
MANA
QI1
MANA
QI2
MANA
QI3
MANA
M
24 V
CH 0
CH 1
CH 2
CH 3
M
Voltage output
L+
I0
I1
I2
I3
I4
I5
I6
I7
QV0
MANA
QV1
MANA
QV2
MANA
QV3
MANA
M
24 V
CH 0
CH 1
CH 2
CH 3
M
Terminal
diagram
Figure 10-4
10-8
Terminal diagram of the analog outputs (FM 355-2 C)

A5E00142771-01
Wiring diagram
DAC
Q0
CH 0
MANA
Q1
CH 1
MANA
Processing in
the FM 355-2
Q2
CH 2
MANA
Q3
CH 3
MANA
L+
Internal supply
24 VDC
Wiring diagram
MANA of all channels is interconnected
internally
Figure 10-5
Terminal diagram of the analog outputs (FM 355-2 C)

A5E00142771-01
10-9
10-10

A5E00142771-01
Connecting measurement transducers and

loads/actuators
In chapter
You will find
11
on page
11.1
Connecting measurement transducers to analog inputs
11-2
11.2
Using thermocouples
11-5
11.3
Connecting voltage/current transducers and resistance

thermometers
11-10
11.4
Connecting loads/actuators to analog outputs
11-13
11.5
Connecting loads/actuators to digital outputs
11-15

A5E00142771-01
11-1
Connecting measurement transducers and loads/actuators
11.1
Introduction
You can connect different types of measurement transducers to the analog inputs
of the FM 355-2, depending on the type of measurement:
Voltage transducers
Current transducers as 4-wire measurement transducer and 2-wire

measurement transducer
Resistance
This section describes how you connect the measurement transducers and what
you should observe when connecting them.
Cables for analog signals

You should use shielded twisted-pair cable for the transmission of analog signals to
reduce electrical interference. You should ground the shielding of the analog cable
at both ends. If differences in potential between the ends of the cables exist, an
equipotential-bonding current may flow across the shielding which may interfere
with the analog signals. In this case you should ground the cable shielding only at
one end.
Reference point MANA

To run the FM 355-2, you must establish a connection between the reference point
of the analog circuit MANA and the M connection of the CPU. A difference in
potential between MANA and CPU ground may corrupt the analog signal.
Abbreviations used
In Figures 11-1 and 11-2 the following terminal abbreviations have been used:
11-2
M +:
Measuring line (positive)
M :
Measuring line (negative)
MANA:
Reference potential of the analog measurement circuit
M:
Ground
L +:
24 VDC supply
UCM:
Potential difference between inputs and reference potential of the

measurement circuit MANA

A5E00142771-01

Potential differences .XUCM (common mode voltage) between the measuring line
M of the input channels and the measuring circuit reference point MANA must be
avoided. To ensure that the permissible value is not exceeded, you must take
precautionary measurements, depending on how the transducer is connected to
potential (galvanically isolated / not isolated).
Galvanically isolated measurement transducers

Galvanically isolated measurement transducers are not connected to local earth
potential. They can be operated with floating potential. Owing to local conditions or
interference, differences in potential DCM (static or dynamic) between the
measuring lines M of the input channels and the reference point of the measuring
circuit MANA may occur.
Note
In order to ensure that the permissible value (DCM) is not exceeded, connect M
to MANA.
When connecting resistive transducers, you must also interconnect M and MANA.
This also applies to accordingly configured but unused inputs.
L+
M
Isolated
measurement
transducers
FM 355-2
M
+:
M
M
+:
M
ADC
Logic
MANA
CPU
M
L+
M
Main ground bus
Figure 11-1
Wiring diagram for isolated measurement transducers

A5E00142771-01
11-3
Measurement transducers with floating potential

Non-isolated measurement transducers are connected to local ground potential.
You must connect MANA to ground potential. Owing to local conditions or
interference, potential differences DCM (static or dynamic) between the locally
distributed points of measurement may occur.
If the permitted value for DCM is exceeded, you must interconnect the points of
measurement with equipotential-bonding conductors.
You must operate the CPU on ground potential, that is, you must connect a jumper
to
M on the CPU.
FM 355-2
L+
M
M
+:
M
Non-isolated
measurement
transducers
M
+:
M
DCM
ADC
Logic
MANA
CPU
Equipotential
-bonding
conductor
M
L+
M
Main ground bus
Figure 11-2
11-4
Wiring diagram for non-isolated measurement transducers

A5E00142771-01
11.2
Using thermocouples
Structure of thermocouples
A thermocouple consists of
a pair of thermal conductors (measuring probes) and
the relevant installation and connection parts
The two wires of the thermocouple are made of different metals or metal alloys.
Their ends are soldered or welded together. The various thermocouple types (e.g.
B, J, K) differ in the material they are made of. The measurement principle is the
same for all of them, irrespective of the type.
Point of measurement
Thermocouple with positive and negative thermal shanks
Point of termination
Compensating line
Reference junction
Supply line
Trimming resistor
Measuring point for thermoelectric voltage
C
Figure 11-3
Structure of thermocouples
Operational characteristics of thermocouples

A temperature difference between the point of measurement and the free ends of
the thermocouple elements induces a thermoelectric voltage between the two
elements.
On the one hand, the level of this thermoelectric voltage depends on the
temperature difference between the point of measurement and the free ends of the
elements, and on the other hand on the materials the two thermal elements are
made of. As the two thermocouple elements always measure a temperature
difference, the free ends must be kept at a known temperature at a reference
junction in order to determine the temperature at the measuring point.
If this is not possible for technical reasons, the reference junction temperature
must be measured and compensated with a Pt 100 via the additional input.

A5E00142771-01
11-5
Extension to a reference junction

You can use compensating cables to extend the thermocouple elements from your
point of connection to a remote location which has as far as possible a
constant temperature (reference junction).
The compensating lines are made of the same material as the wires of the
thermocouple. The supply lines are made of copper. Make sure you connect the
compensating cables with the right polarity. Otherwise, substantial measurement
errors will occur.
Compensation of the reference junction temperature

You can compensate the influence of temperature drift at the reference junction by
measuring the reference junction temperature at the outside of the module.
Measuring the reference junction temperature

The influence of the temperature on the reference junction of a thermocouple (for
example, terminal boxes) can be compensated for by measuring the
reference-junction temperature with a Pt 100.
Offset between the actual comparison temperature and the compensating
temperature changes the thermal resistance. A positive or negative compensation
voltage is then generated and added to the thermoelectric voltage.
Note:
11-6
You must use the current source of channel 2 to operate as constant current
source for the Pt 100.
In this case, channel 2 can no longer be used for a Pt 100 measurement.

A5E00142771-01
Thermocouple usage
Note the following items when you connect thermocouples:
Depending on where you need the reference junction (locally), you can use an
external or a configured compensation.
With a configured compensation, a configurable reference junction temperature of
the module is used for comparison.
With external compensation, the reference junction temperature of the
thermocouples is taken into account by means of a Pt 100.
This Pt 100 is connected to terminals 10 and 11 of the modules left front
connector, whereby the Pt 100 must be installed at the reference junction of the
thermocouples. Channel 2 must be its source of power (terminals 12 and 13 of the
left front connector).
The following restrictions apply:
External compensation with a Pt 100 connected to terminals 10 and 11 of the

module can only be used for one type of thermocouple. That is, all channels
operating with external compensation must use the same type of thermocouple.
Abbreviations used
Meaning of the terminal abbreviations used in Figures 11-4 and 11-5:
M +:
M :
COMP+: Compensation, positive

COMP: Compensation, negative
M:
Ground
L +:
24 VDC voltage supply
Options for the connection of thermocouples

Figures 11-4 and 11-5 show the various options for the connection of
thermocouples with external and configured compensation.
In addition to the following statements, please refer to the information on
connecting measuring sensors to analog inputs in Chapter 11.1, Page 11-2. The
drawings in the figures below do not include the connections required between the
M terminal of the CPU, M, MANA and ground potential, which result from the
potential bonding of FM 355-2 and the transducers (galvanically isolated,
non-isolated). That is, the statements made in Chapter 11.1, Page 11-2 must still
be noted and adhered to.

A5E00142771-01
11-7
Thermocouples with external compensation of the reference junction

If all thermocouples connected to the FM 355-2 inputs are referenced to the same
junction, you compensate them as shown in Figure 11-4. All thermocouples
referenced to the same junction must be of the same type.
Supply line
(copper)
L+
M
FM 355-2
M
+:
M
Thermoco
uples
M
+:
M
Compensating
line (same
material as
thermocouple)
Ic+
Logic
Processing
in the
FM 355-2
ADC
COMP+
COMP
Ic
Reference
junction
Figure 11-4
11-8
MANA
Wiring diagram for thermocouples with external compensation

A5E00142771-01
Thermocouples with configured or internal compensation of the reference

junction
When thermocouples are connected to the module inputs directly or via
compensation lines, you can use configured or internal temperature compensation.
Figure 11-1 or Figure 11-2 shows how to connect thermocouples to ground.
Supply line
(copper)
L+
M
FM 355-2
M
+:
M
Thermoco
uples
M
+:
M
Compensating
line (same
material as
thermocouple)
Ic+
Logic
Processing
in the
FM 355-2
ADC
COMP+
COMP
Ic
Reference
junction
MANA
A default compensation can be specified

via the programming user interface
Figure 11-5
Wiring diagram for the connection of thermocouples with configured or internal compensation

A5E00142771-01
11-9
11.3
Connecting voltage/current transducers and resistance

thermometers
Abbreviations used
Meaning of the terminal abbreviations used in Figures 11-6 and 11-9:
IC +:
Constant current line (positive)
IC :
Constant current line (negative)
M +:
M :
MANA:
Reference potential of the analog measurement circuit
M:
Ground
L +:
In addition to the following statements, the information on connecting measuring

sensors to analog inputs in Chapter 11.1, Page 11-2 also applies. The drawings in
the figures below do not include the connections required between the M terminal
of the CPU, M, MANA and ground potential, which result from the potential
bonding of FM 355-2 and the transducers (galvanically isolated, non-isolated). That
is, the statements made in Chapter 11.1, Page 11-2 must still be noted and
adhered to.
Connecting voltage transducers
L+
M
+
U
+
U
FM 355-2
M
+:
M
M
+:
M
ADC
Logic
Processing in
the FM 355-2
MANA
Figure 11-6
11-10
Connecting voltage transducers

A5E00142771-01
Connecting current transducers for operation as 4-wire measuring transducer

4-wire measuring transducers have a separate voltage supply.
L+
M
4wire measuring
transducer
Sensor,
e.g.
pressure
gauge
P
FM 355-2
M
+:
ADC
Processing in
the FM 355-2
Logic
MANA
L+ M
* External resistance 50
Figure 11-7
Connecting 4-wire measuring transducers
Connecting current transducers for operation as 2-wire measuring transducer

The 2-wire measuring transducer converts the applied measuring quantity into a
current.
The supply voltage to the 2-wire measuring transducer must be short-circuit proof.
Provide a fuse as shown in Figure 11-8.
2-wire measuring transducers must be galvanically isolated.
L+
M
Sensor,
e.g. pressure
gauge
FM 355-2
2wire measuring
transducer
Fuse
M
+:
ADC
Logic
Processing in
the FM 355-2
MANA
M
Figure 11-8
* External resistance 50
Connecting 2-wire measuring transducers

A5E00142771-01
11-11
Connecting resistance thermometers (e.g. Pt 100) and resistors

Resistance thermometers/resistors are measured in a 4-wire circuit. A constant
current is applied to the resistance thermometers/resistors via the terminals IC +
and IC . The voltage generated at the resistance thermometer/resistance is
measured via the terminals M + and M . This 4-wire measurement circuit
produces a highly accurate measurement value.
L+
M
FM 355-2
M
+:
M
IC+
IC
ADC
Logic
Processing in
the FM 355-2
IC
MANA
Figure 11-9
Connecting resistance thermometers
For the 2-wire and 3-wire connections you must install appropriate jumpers
between M + and IC + or M and IC on the module. In this case, however, loss of
accuracy in the measurement result is to be expected.
11-12

A5E00142771-01
11.4
Connecting loads/actuators to analog outputs

You can use the FM 355-2 C as source of current or voltage supply for
load/actuators.
Cables for analog signals

You should use shielded twisted-pair cables for the transmission of analog signals.
This reduces electrical interference. You should ground the analog cable shielding
at both ends. If there are potential differences between the cable ends, an
equipotential current can flow across the shielding and cause interference on the
analog signals. In this case you should ground the cable shielding only at one end.
Reference point MANA

To run the FM 355-2, you must establish a connection between the reference point
of the analog circuit MANA and the M connection of the CPU. To do this, connect
terminal MANA to CPU ground (M). A potential difference between MANA and CPU
ground would corrupt the analog signal.
Abbreviations used
Meaning of the terminal abbreviations used in Figure 11-10:
Q:
Analog output (current or voltage, depending on your configuration)
MANA:
Reference potential of the analog circuit
RL:
Load/Actuator
L +:
M:
Ground

A5E00142771-01
11-13
Connecting loads to an analog output

You must connect loads on an analog output to Q and to the reference potential of
the analog circuit MANA.
The connection of loads to a voltage output is only possible in 2-wire connections.
L+
M
FM 355-2
Q
Processing in
the FM 355-2
Logic
DAC
RL
MANA
CPU
M
L+
M
Main ground bus
Figure 11-10 Connecting a load to an FM 355-2 C
11-14

A5E00142771-01
11.5
Connecting loads/actuators to digital outputs

The FM 355-2 S can supply loads/actuators with voltage.
Abbreviations used
Meaning of the terminal abbreviations used in Figure 11-11:
Q:
Digital output
RL:
Load/Actuator
L +:
M:
Ground
Connecting loads/actuators to an analog output
L+
FM 355-2
Q
Processing in
the FM 355-2
Logic
RL
M
Figure 11-11 Connecting loads/actuators to an FM 355-2 S

A5E00142771-01
11-15
11-16

A5E00142771-01
12

In chapter
You will find
on page
12.1
Error indication with group error message LED
12-2
12.2
Triggering of diagnostic interrupts
12-3
12.3
Measurement transducer error
12-7

A5E00142771-01
12-1
12.1
Error indication with group error message LED

If the red group error LED lights up, a fault has occurred either on the module
(internal fault) or at the cable connections (external fault).
The flashing yellow LED indicates that the firmware has been deleted. This status
can only occur if there is faulty hardware or if the firmware download is interrupted.
Which errors are indicated?

The following errors are indicated by the group error message LED:
Type of
error
Diagnostics
message
Possible cause of error
Remedy
Internal
f lt
fault
Defective module
Hardware fault
Replace the module
Watchdog timer has

responded
Hardware fault
Replace the module
External
error
Wrong module
parameters
The wrong parameters were

transferred to the module
Configure the module

once again
Error at analog inputs

or analog
l outputs
t t
Analog input hardware fault
Replace the module
Wire break at the analog

input
Eliminate the wire

break
Analog input measurement

range underflow
Check the measuring

signal

range overflow
Check the measuring

signal
Wire break at the analog

output
Eliminate the wire

break
Analog output
short-circuit
Eliminate the
short-circuit
24 V supply has failed
Remedy the 24 V
supply
Missing external
auxiliary voltage
Diagnostic interrupt triggered by errors

All errors can trigger a diagnostics interrupt, provided you have enabled this
interrupt. Diagnostics messages appear in the diagnostics data records DS0 and
DS1. The allocation of these diagnostics data records is described in the next
section.
12-2

A5E00142771-01
12.2
Triggering of diagnostics interrupts
What is a diagnostics interrupt?

You can configure a diagnostics interrupt if you expect a user program reaction to
an internal or external error. The CPUs cyclic program is interrupted and
diagnostics interrupt OB 82 is called.
Which events can trigger a diagnostic interrupt?

The list below shows you which events can trigger a diagnostics interrupt:
Module configuration missing or faulty
Module defective
Wire break at analog inputs (4 mA to 20 mA only)
Overflow and underflow at analog inputs
Load break or short-circuit at analog outputs
How to enable the diagnostic interrupt

You can enable or disable the diagnostics interrupt for the module in the basic
parameter tab.
The diagnostic interrupt is disabled by default.
Reactions to an interrupt triggering event

The following occurs after an event has triggered a diagnostics interrupt:
The diagnostics information is written to the modules diagnostics data records

DS0 and DS1.
The group error LED lights up.
Diagnostics interrupt OB 82 is called.
The diagnostics data record DS0 is written to the start information of the
diagnostics interrupt OB.
If no hardware defect is found, the module resumes control operation.
The CPU goes into STOP if OB 82 has not been programmed .
Diagnostics data record DS0 and DS1

Information showing which event has triggered the diagnostics interrupt is written
to the diagnostics data records DS0 and DS1. The length of diagnostics data
record DS0 is 4 bytes. The record length of DS1 is 16 bytes of which the first 4
bytes are identical with DS0.

A5E00142771-01
12-3
How to read a data record from the module

Diagnostics data record DS0 is automatically written to the OB start information
when diagnostics OB 82 is called. These four bytes are here written to the local
data area (byte 8-11) of OB 82.
You can use FB 55 FMT_DS1 to fetch the diagnostics data record DS1 (and,
therefore, the content of DS0) from the module (see the Appendix ). This action
only
makes sense if a channel error is reported in DS0.
FB 55 FMT_DS1 must be called in the same OB as a possibly existing
FB FMT_PID (e.g. OB 35). This is how you can do this: Set the bit READ_DS1
while OB 82 is being processed. FMT_DS1 in OB 35 will then read diagnostics
data record DS1.
How does the diagnostics text appear in the diagnostics buffer?

You must place a call of SFC 52 Write user-specific message to the diagnostics
buffer in your user program to enter the diagnostics message in the diagnostics
buffer. The event ID of the respective diagnostics message is specified at input
parameter EVENTN. The interrupt is entered in the diagnostic buffer, defined with
x=1 as incoming and with x=0 as outgoing event. The diagnostic buffer shows the
time of entry as well as relevant diagnostics text in the Meaning column.
Bit significance in diagnostics data record DS0 and in the start information
Table 12-1, Page 12-5 shows the bit significance of diagnostics data record DS0
in the start information. All bits not listed are insignificant and zero.
12-4

A5E00142771-01
Table 12-1 Bit significance of diagnostics data record DS0

Bit
Byte
0
Meaning
Remarks
Event ID.
Module error
Set at every diagnostics event:
8:x:00
Internal error
Set for all internal faults:
8:x:01

2
External error
Watchdog interrupt triggered

EPROM error
ADC/DAC error
Analog input hardware error
Set for all external errors:
8:x:02
Missing external auxiliary voltage

Faulty configuration
Wire break at analog input
(4 to 20 mA only)
Analog input measurement range

underflow
Analog input measurement range

overflow
Load break at analog output

Short-circuit at analog output
3
Error in one
channel
See DS1, byte 7 for further breakdown
8:x:03
Missing external
auxiliary voltage
24-V supply for FM 355-2 has failed
8:x:04
Not used
Faulty
configuration
The module can not evaluate a

parameter. Reason:
Unknown parameters or illegal
combination of parameters.
8:x:07
See menu PLC > Parameter assignment

error display.
1
0 ... 3
Module class
Always assigned 8
Channel-specific
diagnostics
Is set if the module can provide additional

channel information and a channel error
exists (see DS1, byte 7 to 12)
Watchdog timer
has responded
Hardware fault
8:x:33
EPROM error
Module defective
8:x:42
ADC/DAC error
Module defective
8:x:44
Diagnostics data record DS1

Diagnostics data record DS1 has a length of 16 bytes. The first 4 bytes are
identical to the diagnostics data record DS0. Table 12-2 shows the assignments of
the remaining bytes. All bits not listed are insignificant and zero.

A5E00142771-01
12-5
Diagnostics data record DS 1 of FM 355-2

Table 12-2 Bit significance of bytes 4 to 12 for diagnostics data record DS1 of FM 355-2
Bit
Byte
12-6
Meaning
Remarks
Event ID
0 ... 7
Channel type
Always assigned 75H
0 ... 7
Length of diagnostics
information
Always assigned 8
0 ... 7
Number of channels
Always assigned 5
(4 controllers + 1 reference
channel)
0 ... 4
Channel error vector
Each channel is assigned one

bit (0...3; 4 for the reference
channel).
Analog input hardware fault
8:x:B0
Not used
8:x:B1
Wire break at analog input

(4 to 20 mA only)
8:x:B2
Not used
8:x:B3

range underflow
8:x:B4

range overflow
Wire break at analog output
Only at the
current
output of
FM 355-2 C
8:x:B6
Short-circuit at the analog

output
Only at the
voltage
output of
FM 355-2 C
8:x:B7
0 ... 7
See byte 8
Channel-specific diagnostics
channel 1
See above
10
0 ... 7
See byte 8
channel 2
See above
11
0 ... 7
See byte 8
channel 3
See above
12
0 ... 5
See byte 8
Diagnostics for reference

channel
See above
Channel-speciChannel
speci
fic diagnostics
channel 0
8:x:B5

A5E00142771-01
12.3 Measurement transducer error

Measurement transducer error
The FM 355-2 can recognize the following measurement transducer errors:
Measurement range underflow
Measurement range overflow
Wire break (not for all measurement ranges)
When one of these errors occurs, the group error bit External error is set in
diagnostics data record DS0, and channel-specific bits are set in diagnostics data
record DS1 (see the Tables 12-1, Page 12-5 and Table 12-2, Page 12-6). These
bits will be reset after the error has disappeared.
The table below shows at which specific measurement range limits the error bits
are set or reset:
Error bit measurement
range underflow at ...
DS1: byte 10 ... 26, Bit 4
< 3.5 mA
Error bit = 1 at < 3.6 mA
Error bit = 0 at 3.8 mA
< 1.175 V
< 30.82 mV
Error bit measurement

range overflow at ...
DS1: byte 10 ... 26, Bit 5
> 23.5 mA
> 22.8 mA
> 11.75 V
> 650.46 mV
Error bit for wire break

indication
DS1: byte 10 ... 26, Bit 2
Error bit = 1 at < 3.6 mA

Error bit = 0 at 3.8 mA
Pt 100
(200 to 556 C)
(328 to 1032 C)
< 30.82 mV
> 499.06 mV
Pt 100
(200 to 130 C)
(328 to 264 C)
< 30.82 mV
> 254.12 mV
Thermocouple
type B
Thermocouple
type E
(270.0 to
1,000.03 C)
Thermocouple
type J
Thermocouple
type K
Thermocouple
type R
Thermocouple
type S
Free
Thermocouple
< 0 mV
> 13.81 mV
< 9.84 mV
> 76.36 mV
< 8.1 mV
> 69.54 mV
< 6.45 mV
> 54.88 mV
< 0.23 mV
> 21.11 mV
< 0.24 mV
> 18.7 mV
< low input value of the

polyline
> high input value of the

polyline
Measurement
g
range
0 to 20 mA
4 to 20 mA
0 to 10 V
Pt 100
(200 to 850 C)
(328 to 1562 C)

A5E00142771-01
12-7
12-8

A5E00142771-01
13
Examples
In chapter
You will find
on page
13.1
Introduction
13-2
13.2
Sample application for FM 355-2 C (closed-loop controller)
13-3
13.3
Sample application for FM 355-2 S (pulse controller)
13-7
13.4
Sample applications for FM 355-2 S (step controller)
13-11
13.5
Sample application for diagnostics
13-15
13.6
How to operate the samples with OP 27
13-16
13.7
Example of a cascade control circuit
13-18
13.8
Example of a ratio control
13-19
13.9
Example of a blending control
13-20

A5E00142771-01
13-1
Examples
13.1
Introduction
Prerequisites
You have installed and wired an S7 station, consisting of a power supply

module and a CPU.
You have installed STEP 7 (>= V5.1 SP4) on your PG/PC.
The PG/PC is connected to the CPU.
You have connected the power supply to the CPU and FM 355-2
Preparing the sample applications

1. In SIMATIC Manager, open the sample project zEn28_01_FMTemp from the
folder
...\STEP7\EXAMPLES and copy it under a suitable name to your project
directory (File > Save as). Select View > Detail to display all information.
2. Create a new project.
3. Select one of the temperature control samples and copy it to your project
(including the hardware configuration).
4. Adapt your hardware (replace the CPU if necessary).
5. Configure your hardware under HW Config (customize the watchdog interrupt
OB).
6. Save HW Config and download it to the CPU.
7. Download the block folder to the CPU.
The sample code

The samples are written in STL. You can also view them directly in the
FBD/STL/LAD editor. In this editor, go to View > Display and select
Symbolic view, Symbol selection and Comment. If there is still sufficient space
available on-screen, you can also display the Symbol information window.
Sample application
Your sample programs contain variable tables (VAT) in which you can view and edit
your values. You can use the curve recorder of your parameter assignment
application to view the curves.
Further use of a sample

The code of your samples is not optimized and does not make allowances for all
possible situations.
In order to reduce the size of the programs, error evaluation has not been
programmed in detail in the sample programs.
13-2

A5E00142771-01
Examples
13.2
Sample application for FM 355-2 C (closed-loop controller)

Your project zEn28_01_FMTemp contains the sample Closed-loop controller
FM 355-2 C which allows you to operate an FM 355-2 C in a simulated process on
your CPU. Thus, you can test the module without actually running a physical
process.
How to download the sample programs

Download the sample program as follows:
1. Download the blocks to the CPU.
2. Under HW Config: Configure hardware, start the FM 355-2 parameter
3. To be able to work with the loop monitor, the curve recorder and controller
tuning, open DB52 under menu item Test > ...> Instance DB.
Sample program application

The sample contains a closed-loop controller, in conjunction with a simulated
control system consisting of a lag element of the third order (PT3).
The sample program lets you easily generate a closed-loop PID controller, and
enables you to configure and test all controller properties offline in a typical control
process.
The sample program helps you to understand the operation and configuration of
controllers with analog output signal and the way they are used in processes
containing final controlling elements with proportional action. Hence, the sample is
also suitable for system introduction and training courses.
Appropriate selection of parameters gives you a process that represents an
approximation to the real process. You can use the controller tuning feature to
determine a controller parameter record to match your process model.
In this sample we shall call FB FMT_PID with READ_OUT = TRUE, since the
process model uses LMN_A and LMN_B, both of which can not be read via direct
I/O access. When used in a real process, there is no need to set READ_OUT =
TRUE.

A5E00142771-01
13-3
Examples
Functions of the sample program

The sample primarily consists of the two function blocks FMT_PID (FB 52) and
PROC_HCC (FB 100). Here, PROC_HCC simulates a control system with a
compensation element of the third order. FB FMT_PV (FB 57) transfers the actual
values in the FM.
DISV_H
SP
PV
LMN_A
INV_HEAT
LMN_B
INV_COOL
Closed-loop
controller
PT3
DISV_C
Controller
Figure 13-1
Control system
Example 355-2 C, control loop
Function block PROC_HCC forms a series circuit, consisting of three lag elements
of the first order (Figure 13-2). The disturbance variable DISV is always added to
the output signal of the final controlling element, which means that process
disturbances can be activated manually at this location. The static process gain
can be set via the GAIN factor.
This process structure is implemented twice in order to provide an additional
cooling circuit.
When initialized with COM_RST = TRUE, the output variable of the simulated
process is set to the value
OUTV = (INV_HEAT+DISV_H) * GAIN_H - (INV_COOL+DISV_C) * GAIN_C + AMB_TEM.
DISV_H
DISV_C
INV_COOL
13-4
AMB_TEM
OUTV
INV_HEAT
Figure 13-2
GAIN_H
_
TMLAG1_H
TMLAG2_H
TMLAG3_H
TMLAG1_C
TMLAG2_C
TMLAG3_C
GAIN_C
Structure and parameters of the process block PROC_HCC

A5E00142771-01
Examples
Block structure
Table 13-1 Blocks of the sample
Block
Name
(in the toolbar)
Description
OB 100
COMPLETE_RESTART
Restart OB
OB 35
CYC_INT5
Time-controlled OB (100 ms) with example
FB 52
FMT_PID
Closed-loop controller FM 355-2 C
FB 57
FMT_PV
Actual value transfer in FM 355-2 C
FB 100
PROC_HCC
Process for closed-loop controllers
DB 52
DB_FMT_PID
Instance DB of FMT_PID
DB 57
DB_FMT_PV
Instance DB of FMT_PV
DB 100
DB_PROC_HCC
Instance DB of PROC_HCC
Parameter tuning and simulation

We shall use a practical configuration of a closed-loop controller with PID action to
show you the response of a control loop with a simulated PT control system of the
second order. The set process parameters represent an approximation of the
response of a fast temperature control process.
The table below contains the currently set values of the parameters relevant for
controller 0 and the process.
Parameter
Type
Configuration
Description
Controller
GAIN
REAL
12.0
Proportional action coefficient
TI
REAL
12.0 s
TD
REAL
3.0 s
PFAC_SP
REAL
0.8
Proportional factor
RATIOFAC
REAL
0.5
Ratio factor
CON_ ZONE
REAL
31.0
CYCLE
REAL
100 ms
GAIN_H
REAL
1.5
Heating loop gain
TMLAG1_H
REAL
60 s
Heating time lag 1
TMLAG2_H
REAL
10 s
Heating time lag 2
TMLAG3_H
REAL
0s
Heating time lag 3
GAIN_C
REAL
3.0
Cooling loop gain
TMLAG1_C
REAL
60 s
Cooling time lag 1
TMLAG2_C
REAL
10 s
Cooling time lag 2
TMLAG3_C
REAL
0s
Cooling time lag 3
Integration time
Control zone width
Control system

A5E00142771-01
Scan time
13-5
Examples
The controller parameters above were determined in a tuning process

(TUN_DLMN = 80.0 and setpoint jump from 0 to 90). You should now perform this
tuning operation.
After you have tuned heating, tune the cooling using the new setpoint value
(TUN_CLMN = -20.0).
Note
Every time you perform a tuning operation you will receive slightly different
parameter values for the controller. The reason is that the clock cycle of the
watchdog interrupt OB (e.g. 100 ms) and the cycle time of the FM 355-2 (e.g.
100.5 ms) never match completely. This is why the process model in the CPU
does not return a smooth process variable for your tuning operations on the
FM 355-2.
You can subsequently test control response by activating setpoint jumps and
disturbance variables (Parameter DISV_H/C at DB_PROC_HCC). Also test the
effect of parameter PFAC_SP: For example, when you increase the value in
PFAC_SP from 0.8 to 1.0, you will likewise increase overshoot.
Please note that you must also set LOAD_PAR = TRUE when you modify
parameters via FMT_PID.
Note
After you have enabled the control zone (CONZ_ON = TRUE), activate setpoint
jumps > CON_ZONE to test control response (or < CON_ZONE/RATIOFAC for
negative setpoint jumps). In this case PFAC_SP has no effect.
13-6

A5E00142771-01
Examples
13.3
Sample application for FM 355-2 S (pulse controller)

Your project zEn28_01_FMTemp contains the sample Pulse controller
FM 355-2 S, which allows you to operate an FM 355-2 S in a simulated process
on your CPU. Thus, you can test the module without a physical process.
How to load the sample programs

Load the sample program as follows:
1. Download the block folder to the CPU.
3. T enable you to work with the loop monitor, the curve recorder and controller
tuning, open DB52 under menu item Test > ...> Instance DB.

The sample contains a pulse controller (three-component controller), in conjunction
with a simulated control system consisting of two lag elements of the third order
(PT3) for heating and cooling.
With the help of this sample program, you can easily generate a closed-loop PID
controller and configure and test all properties of this controller offline in a typical
process.
controllers with pulse output and the way they are used to control processes with
binary inputs. Hence, the sample is also suitable for system introduction and
training courses.
Appropriate selection of parameters gives you a process that represents an
approximation of the real process. You can use the controller tuning feature to
determine a controller parameter record to match your process model.
In the sample we shall call FB FMT_PID with READ_OUT = TRUE, to ensure that
the pulses QLMNUP and QLMNDN affect every cycle of the process model in the
CPU. This would not be ensured with direct I/O access. When used in a real
process, there is no need to set READ_OUT = TRUE periodically.

A5E00142771-01
13-7
Examples
Sample program functions

PROC_HCC (FB 102). Here, PROC_HCP simulates a control system with a
compensation element of the third order. FB FMT_PV (FB 57) transfers the actual
values in the FM.
SP
PV
Pulse controller
QLMNUP
HEAT_P
QLMNDN
COOL_P
PT3
Controller
Control system
Figure 13-3
Example 355-2 S, control loop
Function block PROC_HCP forms an image of a heating/cooling process with

binary inputs (Figure 13-4). The binary input signals are converted into continuous
floating-point values (0.0 or 100.0). After the activation of the disturbance variable
and multiplication by the process gain value, the actual values are passed through
three lag elements of the first order. This procedure is performed separately in the
heating and cooling process. Finally, the value of the ambient temperature is
added.
process is set to the value
OUTV = DISV_H * GAIN_H - DISV_C * GAIN_C + AMB_TEM.
DISV_H
HEAT_P
100
0
GAIN_H
AMB_TEM
OUTV
DISV_C
_
TMLAG1_H
TMLAG2_H
TMLAG3_H
TMLAG1_C
TMLAG2_C
TMLAG3_C
GAIN_C
COOL_P
100
0
Figure 13-4
13-8
Structure and parameters of the process block PROC_HCP

A5E00142771-01
Examples
Block structure
Block
Name
(in the toolbar)
Description
OB 100
COMPLETE_RESTART
Restart OB
OB 35
CYC_INT5
FB 52
FMT_PID
Pulse controller FM 355-2 S
FC 57
FMT_PV
Actual value transfer in FM 355-2 S
FB 102
PROC_HCP
Process for pulse controllers
DB 52
DB_FMT_PID
Instance DB to FMT_PID
DB 57
DB_FMT_PV
DB 102
DB_PROC_HCP
Instance DB of PROC_HCP

We shall use a practical configuration of a controller with PID action to show you
the response of a control loop with a simulated PT control system of the second
order. The set process parameters approximately represent the response of a fast
temperature control process.
The table below contains the currently set values of the relevant parameters for
controller 0 and for the process.
Parameter
Type
Configuration
Description
Controller
GAIN
REAL
12.0
TI
REAL
12.0 s
TD
REAL
3.0 s
PFAC_SP
REAL
0.8
Proportional factor
RATIOFAC
REAL
0.5
Ratio factor
CON_ ZONE
REAL
31.0
CYCLE
REAL
100 ms
GAIN_H
REAL
1.5
TMLAG1_H
REAL
60 s
Heating time lag 1
TMLAG2_H
REAL
10 s
Heating time lag 2
TMLAG3_H
REAL
0s
Heating time lag 3
GAIN_C
REAL
3.0
Cooling process gain
TMLAG1_C
REAL
60 s
Cooling time lag 1
TMLAG2_C
REAL
10 s
Cooling time lag 2
TMLAG3_C
REAL
0s
Cooling time lag 3
Integration time
Control zone width
Control system

A5E00142771-01
Sampling time
Heating process gain
13-9
Examples
The controller parameters above were determined in a tuning process

(TUN_DLMN = 80.0 and setpoint jump from 0 to 90). You should now perform this
tuning operation.
After you have tuned heating, tune the cooling using the new setpoint value
(TUN_CLMN = -20.0).
Note
Every time you perform a tuning operation, you will receive slightly different
watchdog interrupt OBs (e.g. 100 ms) and the cycle time of the FM 355-2 (e.g.
100.5 ms) never match completely. This is why the process model in the CPU
does not return a smooth process variable for your tuning operations on the
FM 355-2.
You can subsequently activate setpoint jumps and disturbance variables to test
control response (Parameter DISV at DB_PROC_HCP). Also test the effect of
parameter PFAC_SP: For example, when you increase the value in PFAC_SP
from 0.8 to 1.0, you will likewise increase overshoot.
Note
With enabled control zone (CONZ_ON = TRUE), activate setpoint jumps >
CON_ZONE (or < CON_ZONE/RATIOFAC for negative setpoint jumps) to test
control response. In this case PFAC_SP has no effect.
13-10

A5E00142771-01
Examples
13.4
Sample applications for FM 355-2 S (step controller)

Your project zEn28_01_FMTemp contains the sample Step controller
FM 355-2 S, which allows you to operate an FM 355-2 S in a simulated process
on a CPU. Thus, you can test the module without actually running a physical
process.
Loading the sample program

Load the sample program as follows:
1. Download the blocks to the CPU.
3. To enable you to work with the loop monitor, the curve recorder and with
controller tuning, open DB 52 under menu item Test > ...> Instance DB.

The sample contains a step controller without analog position feedback, in
conjunction with a simulated control system that consists of a lag element of the
third order (PT3).
With the help of this sample program you can easily generate a step controller and
configure and test all its properties offline in a typical control process.
controllers with stepping output signal and how they are often used to control
processes containing motor-driven final controlling elements. Hence, the sample is
also suitable for system introduction and training courses.
With an appropriate selection of parameters you will obtain a process that
represents an approximation of the real process. You can use the controller tuning
feature to determine a controller parameter record to match your process model.

A5E00142771-01
13-11
Examples
Functions of the sample program

PROC_HCC (FB 101). PROC_S simulates a control system which contains the
function elements Valve and PT3. The controller is supplied with information, the
controlled variable and, if applicable, limit signals.
FB FMT_PV (FB 57) transfers the actual values in the FM.
DISV
Setpoint
LMNR
Step controller
Actual
value
(Final controlling element)
Controller
PT3
Control system
Figure 13-5
Example 355-2 S, control loop
Function block PROC_S forms a series circuit that consists of an integrated final
controlling element and three lag elements of the first order. A disturbance variable
DISV is always added to the output signal of the final controlling element, so that
process disturbances can be activated manually at this location. The static process
gain can be set via the GAIN factor.
The motor actuating time parameter MTR_TM defines the time required by the
final controlling element to cover the distance between two limits.
process is set to OUTV = (LMNR+ DISV) * GAIN + AMB_TEM.
QLMNR_HS
QLMNR_LS
DISV
GAIN
AMB_TEM
INV_UP
OUTV
INV_DO
WN
MTR_TM LMNR_HLM
LMNR_LLM
Figure 13-6
13-12
+
TM_LAG1
TM_LAG2
TM_LAG3
LMNR
Structure and parameters of the process block PROC_HCC

A5E00142771-01
Examples
Block structure
Block
Name
(in the toolbar)
Description
OB 100
COMPLETE_RESTART
Restart OB
OB 35
CYC_INT5
FB 52
FMT_PID
Step controller FM 355-2 S
FB 57
FMT_PV
Actual value transfer in FM 355-2 S
FB 101
PROC_S
Process for step controllers
DB 52
DB_FMT_PID
Instance DB of FMT_PID
DB 57
DB_FMT_PV
DB 101
DB_PROC_HCC
Instance DB of PROC_HCC

We shall use a practical configuration of a step controller with PI action to show
you the response of a control loop with a simulated PT control system of the
second order. The set process parameters approximately represent the response
of a fast temperature control process.
The order of the process is reduced by one degree when one of the lag times
TM_LAGx is set to 0 s.
The table below contains the currently set values of the relevant parameters for
controller 0 and the process.
Parameter
Type
Configuration
Description
Controller
GAIN
REAL
2.2
TI
REAL
52.0 s
PFAC_SP
REAL
0.8
Proportional factor
MTR_TM
REAL
20 s
Motor actuating time
CYCLE
REAL
100 ms
Sampling time
GAIN
REAL
1.5
Process gain
MTR_TM
REAL
20 s
Motor actuating time
TM_LAG1
REAL
60 s
Lag time 1
TM_LAG2
REAL
10 s
Lag time 2
TM_LAG3
REAL
0s
Lag time 3
Integration time
Control system
The above controller parameters were determined in a tuning process

(TUN_DLMN = 80 and setpoint jump from 0 to 90). You should now perform this
tuning operation.

A5E00142771-01
13-13
Examples
Note
Every time you perform a tuning process, you will receive slightly different
watchdog interrupt OBs (e.g. 100 ms) and the cycle time of the FM 355-2
(e.g. 100.5 ms) never match completely. This is why the process model in the
CPU does not return a smooth process variable for your tuning operation on the
FM 355-2.
You can subsequently activate setpoint jumps and disturbance variables to test
control response (Parameter DISV at DB_PROC_S). Also test the effect of
parameter PFAC_SP: For example, when you increase the value in PFAC_SP
from 0.8 to 1.0, you will likewise increase overshoot.
Note
The curve recorder shows the simulated position feedback of the process model.
This improves visualization of the sample, but does not exist on a physical step
controller without position feedback.
13-14

A5E00142771-01
Examples
13.5
Sample application for diagnostics

In project zEn28_01_FMTemp you can find the sample Diagnose DS1
FM 355-2 C, demonstrating the application and evaluation of diagnostics in DS1
of the controller module.
Prerequisites
Diagnostic interrupts are only triggered in the CPU if you make the following
settings in the Basic parameter tab, under HW Config in the Properties FM 355-2 C PID Control window:
Generate interrupt:
Yes
Selected interrupt:
Diagnostics
Load the sample program

Download the blocks to the CPU.
Using the sample program

Parameter READ_DS1 of FMT_DS1 will be set in OB82 when an interrupt occurs.
OB35 calls FMT_DS1. It reads the diagnostics data record DS1 of the module
(refer to Chapter 12.2, Page 12-3).
Block structure
Block
Name
(in the toolbar)
Description
OB 35
CYC_INT5
OB 82
I/O_FLT1
Precise diagnosis of the error event
FB 55
FMT_DS1
Reading diagnostics data record DS1
DB 55
DB_FMT_PID
Instance DB to FMT_DS1

A5E00142771-01
13-15
Examples
13.6
How to operate the samples with OP 27

The sample project contains the object FM355-2 OCM, which is of the type
SIMATIC OP. This represents an operator panel OP27 configuration that is
compatible to your sample program. If an OP27 is available to you, you can
operate the sample programs by means of FM355-2 OCM,
that you download to OP27 via the parameter assignment application ProTool.
Please refer to the OP documentation for information on required connections and
operator control.
Start screen
A start screen appears after the OP startup: Here you select the corresponding
view for your sample. The loop monitor opens.
Loop monitor
The loop monitor contains operator control elements for the manual input of
setpoints and values as well as for manual/auto changeover. In the step controller
sample, you can preset the manipulated value signals for opening and closing the
control valve.
Out of this loop monitor you can change to one of the following operator control
screens:
PID parameters
Trend plotter
Controller tuning
PID parameters
In this window you can input the PID controller parameters and control zone
parameters. In the step controller sample you replace the control zone parameters
with the motor actuating time.
Trend plotter
The curve shows the setpoint, as well as the actual value and the manipulated
value. In the step controller sample, the display shows the position feedback value,
rather than the manipulated value.
Note
The controller type Step controller without position feedback we have used in our
sample does not have a position feedback element. This is rather read from
FB PROC_S.
13-16

A5E00142771-01
Examples
Controller tuning
In this window you can start controller tuning.
1. Monitor the curve recorder until the quasi-statical state is reached.
2. Press F6 to set the controller ready for tuning.
3. Check the manipulated value difference.
4. Specify a corresponding setpoint jump.
5. Monitor the curve.
6. Check the result by means of parameter PHASE and STATUS_H
(Please note Chapter 7).

A5E00142771-01
13-17
Examples
13.7
Example of a cascade control circuit

The figure below shows the dual-loop cascade control of a module:
SP1
PV1
Figure 13-7
Controller 1
(Pulse
controller)
SP2 =
LMN1
PV2
Controller 2
(Stepping
controller)
QLMNUP
QLMNDN
Process
part 2
Process
part 1
Dual-loop cascade control
To create this controller circuit with an FM 355-2 S, configure a pulse controller

with reference variable algorithm and select the manipulated value of the reference
variable controller at the setpoint input of the follow-up controller.
You can also generate a cascade control with an FM 355-2 C. In this case, the
reference variable controllers are closed-loop controllers and the follow-up
controllers are configured as Set-value or cascade controller. The circuit is
identical.
In the follow-up controller, the manipulated value of the reference variable
controller is scaled to 0 to 100% of the value range of actual value A, and is then
further processed as setpoint value.
13-18

A5E00142771-01
Examples
13.8
Example of a ratio control

The figure below shows a ratio control with two control loops in a module:
SP1
Controller 1
LMN1
Process 1
LMN2
Process 2
PV1
FAC
X
SP2
Controller 2
PV2
Figure 13-8
Ratio control with two control loops
Controller 1 is configured with fixed setpoint algorithm. Controller 2 is configured

with a ratio or blending algorihm.
Generate the circuit for controller 2 in the Error variable block as follows:
Specify ratio factor FAC via setpoint value input of FB FMT_PID (SP_RE).
Connect actual value PV1 to actual value D.
Connect actual value PV2 to actual value A.

A5E00142771-01
13-19
Examples
13.9
Example of a blending control

The figure below shows a blending control with three components in a module.
Total quantity
SP
PV
Controller 0 LMN
(Pulse
controller)
Master component
Controller 1
(Step controller)
Controller 2
(Step controller)
SP1
QLMNUP
QLMNDN
PV1
Process 1
FAC1
SP2
QLMNUP
QLMNDN
Process 2
PV2
FAC2
Controller 3
(Step controller)
FAC3
Figure 13-9
FAC4
SP3
QLMNUP
QLMNDN
Process 3
PV3
FAC5
Blending controller for three components
The reference variable controller is configured with three-component and pulse

algorithm.
In the Error variable block, connect the three actual values PV1, PV2 and PV3 to
actual values A, B and C.
You can click on the Sum button to open the dialog for the configuration of the
proportional factors (FAC4, FAC5) for process variables PV2 and PV3. If
necessary, you can modify these factors during runtime by means of FB FMT_PAR
(refer to Chapter 8.2, page 8-14).
The follow-up controllers 1, 2 and 3 are configured with a ratio or blending
algorithm. In the Error signal block, connect the manipulated value of the
reference variable controller to actual value D, and the actual value of the
respective follow-up controller (e.g. PV1) to actual value A.
The proportional factor FAC 1 to 3 is preset via setpoint value input at
FB FMT_PID (SP_RE).
In the follow-up controller, the manipulated variable of the reference variable
controller is scaled to 0 to 100% of the value range of actual value A, and is then
processed further as actual value D.
13-20

A5E00142771-01
Data sheet
In chapter
You will find
on page
A.1
Technical data
A-3
A.2
Technical data of function blocks
A-8
General technical data

General technical data is:
Electromagnetic compatibility
Transportation and storage conditions
Mechanical and climatic conditions
Specs of isolation tests, protection class and degree of protection
This general technical data is found in the manual S7-300 PLCs; Assembly, CPU
Data.
They contain S7-300 standards and test values, as well as the testing criteria for
the S7-300.
UL/CSA Approbation
The following approvals are available for the S7-300:
UL-Recognition-Mark
Underwriters Laboratories (UL) to
Standard UL 508
CSA-Certification-Mark
Canadian Standard Association (CSA) to
Standard C 22.2 No. 142
FM approbation
The FM approbation for S7-300 is available:
FM approbation to Factory Mutual Approval Standard Class Number 3611, Class I,
Division 2, Group A, B, C, D.

A5E00142771-01
A-1
Data sheet
Warning
Risk of personal harm or damage to assets.
Risk of personal harm or damage to assets in explosion prone locations if you
disconnect an S7-300 connector during runtime.
In explosion-prone locations, always switch off the S7-300 before you unplug any
connectors.
Warning
DO NOT DISCONNECT WHILE CIRCUIT IS LIVE UNLESS LOCATION IS
KNOWN TO BE NON-HAZARDOUS
CE Marking
Our products are compliant with EU Guideline 89/336/EEC
Electromagnetic compatibility.
The EU declarations of conformity according to the above mentioned EU guideline,
Article 10, are made available to local authorities by:
Siemens AG
Automation and Drives
A&D AS E48
PO Box 1963
D-92209 Amberg
Range of application
SIMATIC products are conceived for industrial application.
With individual approvals SIMATIC products can also be used in domestic
locations (domestic, office and business, trading and small business locations).
Range of application
Demands on
Interference emission
Industry
EN 50081-2 : 1993
Immunity to
interference
EN 50082-2 : 1995
Note the assembly guidelines

SIMATIC products meet these requirements if the installation and operation
guidelines described in the manuals are complied with.
A-2

A5E00142771-01
Data sheet
A.1
Technical data
Dimensions and weights
Potential isolation
Dimensions
W H D (mm)
80 125 120
Weight
approx. 470 g
Module specific data

Number of digital inputs
Number of digital outputs
8 (only FM 355-2 S)
Number of analog inputs
to the backplane bus

between the channels
yes (optocouplers)
no
Permitted potential
difference
between the input (M

termination) and central
grounding point
between the analog
75 VDC
60 VAC
2.5 VDC
inputs and MANA (UCM)
Number of analog outputs

4 (only FM 355-2 C)
when signal = 0 V
Cable length
Digital signals
max. 600 m
unshielded
Digital signals shielded max. 1000 m

Analog signals shielded 200 m
50 m at 80 mV and
thermocouples
Voltages, currents, potentials
Rated load voltage L+
24 VDC
Permissible range
Polarity reversal
20.4 to 28.8 V
protection for the input

supplyvoltage
Polarity reversal
yes
Current consumption
from backplane bus
max. 75 mA
from L+ (no-load)
FM 355-2 C
FM 355-2 S
max. 270 mA
Power loss of the module
FM 355-2 C
FM 355-2 S
max. 6.9 W
Status, interrupts, diagnostics
8
Vertical assembly
8
Status display
yes, green LED per

digital input channel
Interrupts
Limit value interrupt

Diagnostics interrupt
yes, configurable
Diagnostics functions
yes, configurable
max. 0.4 A
max. 0.4 A
Error display on the
yes, red LED
max. 0.4 A
Diagnostic information
Cumulative current of the

digital outputs
Horizontal assembly
Vertical assembly
up to 40 C
max. 7.8 W
typically 5.5 W
Horizontal assembly
up to 40 C
up to 60 C
typically 220 mA
typically 6.5 W
yes
Number of concurrently
driven digital inputs
up to 40 C
typically 260 mA
max. 310 mA
protection for the output

supply voltage
up to 60 C
typically 50 mA
yes, configurable
module for
accumulative errors
yes
can be read
Backup mode

A5E00142771-01
yes, displayed by
yellow LED
A-3
Data sheet
Disturbance suppression, error limits (Inputs)
Interference suppression, error limits (outputs)
Interference voltage
suppression for f = n
(f1 1 %), (f1 = interference
frequency)
> 70 dB
Common mode
interference
> 40 dB
(Uss < 2.5 V)
Crosstalk between outputs
Common mode
50 dB
50 dB
Operational error limit

(across the temperature
range, with reference to
input range)
mV
from 2.5 V to 10 V
from 3.2 mA to 20 mA
0.25 %
0.25 %
0.25 %
0.7 %
Basic error limit (operational

error limit at 25 C, with
reference to input range)
80 mV
from 250 mV to 1000
mV
from 2.5 V to 10 V
from 3.2 mA to 20 mA
Voltage
Current
0.5 %
0.6 %
Voltage
Current
Crosstalk between inputs
80 mV
from 250 mV to 1000
Operational error limit

(across the temperature
range, with reference to
output range)
Basic error limit (operational

error limit at 25 C, with
reference to output range)
interference (peak value

of the
interference < rated
value of the input range)
at 50 Hz
at 60 Hz
40 dB
0.2 %
0.3 %
Temperature error (with

0.02 %/K
Linearity error (with

0.05 %
Repetitive accuracy (in

transient state at 25 C,
with reference to output
range)
0.05 %
Output ripple; 0 to 50 kHz

range (with reference to
output range)
0.05 %
0.06 %
Transducer selection data

(Digital inputs)
0.04 %
Input voltage
0.06 %
0.5 %
Temperature error (with

0.005 %/K
Linearity error (with

0.05 %
Repetitive accuracy (in

transient state at 25 C,
with reference to input
range)
0.05 %
Rated value
for 1signal
for 0signal
24 VDC
from 13 V to 30 V
from 3 V to 5 V
Input current
with 1signal
typically 7 mA
Input delay time
configurable
at 0 to 1
at 1 to 0
no
Characteristic curve of the

input
to IEC1131, Type 2
Connection of 2-wire
BEROs
possible
permissible quiescent
1.5 mA
1.2 ms ... 4.8 ms

1.2 ms ... 4.8 ms
current
A-4

A5E00142771-01
Data sheet

(Analog inputs)
Rated values of input areas (display range) / Input
resistance
Voltage
**
Current
**
Thermocouple
type **
80 mV
(80 ... +80 mV)***
0 to 10 V
(1.175 ... 11.75 V)
/10 M
0 to 20 mA
(3.5 ... 23.5 mA)
4 to 20 mA
(0 ... 23.5 mA)
/50 *
B (0 ...13.81 mV)
E (9.84 mV ... 76.36
mV)
J (8.1 mV ... 69.54 mV)
K (6.45 mV ... 54.88
mV)
R (0.23 mV ... 21.11 mV)
S (0.24 ... 18.7 mV)
to type B: 42.15 C to
1820.01C
to type E: 270.00 C to
1000.03C
to type J: 210.02C to
1200.02 C
to type K:265.40 C to
1372.11C
to type R: 51.37 C to
1767.77C
to type S: 50.40 C to
1767.98 C
/10 M
/10 M
/10 M
/10 M
/10 M
Resistive Pt 100
thermometer **
/100 k
/50 *

(Analog inputs)
Permissible input voltage
for voltage inputs
(destruction limit)
30 V
(for a maximum of 2
inputs)
Permissible input current for

current input (destruction
limit)
40 mA
Connection of signal
transducers
for voltage
measurement
for current
measurement
as 4-wire measuring
transducer
possible
possible
Characteristic curve
linearization
for thermocouples
yes, configurable
Type B, E, J, K, R, S
for thermal resistances
Pt 100
(Standard range)
Temperature compensation
internal temperature
compensation
external temperature
compensation with
Pt 100
yes, configurable
possible
possible
/10 M
Current 1.667 mA, pulsed:

(30.82 mV ...650.46 mV)
200.01 ... 850.05 C
(1:1 resolution)
(30.82 mV ...499.06 mV)
200,01 ... 556.26 C
(double resolution)
(30.82 mV ...254.12mV)
200.01 ... 137.06 C
(quadruple resolution)
* external measuring resistance

** the display range limits also apply to underflow and overflow display. Exception: Underflow display at 4
mA ... 20 mA:
1 at <3,6 mA
0 at > 3.8 mA
If a wire break occurs in the 4 mA ... 20 mA range triggers an underflow indication.
*** or the lower or upper input limit of the polyline. The lower value is valid.

A5E00142771-01
A-5
Data sheet
Actuator selection data

(Digital inputs)
Actuator selection data

(Analog outputs)
Output voltage
Output ranges
(rated values)
with 1signal
min. L+ ( 2.5 V)
10 V
0 ... 10 V
0 ... 20 mA
4 ... 20 mA
Output current
with 1 signal
rated value
permissible range
0.1 A
5 mA ... 0.15 A
with 0 signal
off-state current
Load resistance range
Load resistance
at voltage outputs
max. 0,5 mA
0.24 k to 4 k
min. 1 k
capacitive load
max. 1 F
at current outputs
max. 500
inductive load
max. 1 mH
Output power
Lamp load
max. 5 W
2 outputs in parallel
for logical links

for power increase
Control of a digital input
Frequency of operating
cycles
with ohmic/lamp load

with inductive load
possible
Short-circuit protection
Short-circuit current
No-load voltage
Connection of the actuators
for voltage output

2-wire connection
max. 0.5 Hz
typically 1.5 V
Short-circuit protection of
outputs
yes, electronic
max. 25 mA
max. 18 V
possible
max. 10 Hz
yes
Current output
not possible
Limiting (internal) of
inductive cut-off voltage to
A-6
Voltage output
possible
for current output

2-wire connection
possible

A5E00142771-01
Data sheet
Analog value generation

Measurement principle
integral
Resolution (incl. the

overshoot range)
14 bits
Conversion time
(per analog input)
100 ms
Transient
for ohmic load

for capacitive load
for inductive load
0.1 ms
Substitute values
yes, configurable
3.3 ms
0.5 ms
Integration/conversion
time/resolution (per
channel)
configurable
Integration time in ms
Basic conversion time
100
102
incl. the processing time

in ms
1
additional conversion
time for resistance
measurement in ms
or
100
additional conversion
time
for reference junction
input in ms
Resolution in bits
14
(incl. overshoot range)

measuring range
Interference voltage
50, 60
suppression at
interference
frequency f1 in Hz

A5E00142771-01
A-7
Data sheet
A.2
Technical data of function blocks

Table A-1
Technical data of the function blocks
Function
blocks
Allocation in
Processing time in
Work
memory
Load
memory
Local data
area
CPU 315-2 DP
CPU 416-2 DP
FMT_PID
1.804 bytes
2.296 bytes
32 bytes
refer to Table A-2
FMT_PAR
324 bytes
416 bytes
32 bytes
1.7 ms
0.19 ms
FMT_CJ_T
410 bytes
506 bytes
40 bytes
1.8 ms
0.19 ms
FMT_DS1
216 bytes
452 bytes
22 bytes
1.9 ms
0.19 ms
FMT_TUN
332 bytes
590 bytes
22 bytes
4.5 ms
0.19 ms
FMT_PV
1.108 bytes
1.334 bytes
92 bytes
3.2 ms*)
2.9 ms**)
0.28 ms*)
0.35 ms**)
*) READ_PV=TRUE
**) LOAD_PV=TRUE
Table A-2
FMT_PID processing times under various marginal conditions

Marginal conditions
READ_OUT
Processing time in
LOAD_OP
LOAD_PAR/
(READ_PAR)
CPU 315-2 DP
CPU 416-2 DP
FALSE
FALSE
FALSE
0.65 ms
0.04 ms
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
2.85 ms
0.30 ms
*)
TRUE
FALSE
4.56 ms
0.55 ms
FALSE
FALSE
TRUE
3.58 ms**)
0.30 ms
TRUE
FALSE
TRUE
5.8 ms**)
0.56 ms
*)
TRUE
TRUE
7.41 ms**)
0.82 ms
*)
If LOAD_OP = TRUE, FB FMT_PID also sets READ_OUT = TRUE.
**)
If READ_PAR is set instead of LOAD_PAR, the CPU 315-2 DP processing time is increased by
0.35 ms.
Table A-3
Technical data of the instance DBs
Instance DBs of the

f nction blocks ...
function
A-8
Allocation in
Work memory
Load memory
FMT_PID
210 bytes
610 bytes
FMT_PAR
52 bytes
128 bytes
FMT_CJ_T
50 bytes
130 bytes
FMT_DS1
282 bytes
56 bytes
FMT_TUN
254 bytes
502 bytes
FMT_PV
100 bytes
302 bytes

A5E00142771-01
Tuning status
The second column shows whether the status is relevant for cooling tuning.
Table B-1
Status
STATUS_H/C
Cooling
tuning
Description
relevant
Default or new controller parameters

not yet found.
10000
relevant
Suitable controller parameters were

found
2xxxx
relevant
Indefinite controller parameters
Remedy
2xxx1
effective motor actuating time >=

65% of the point of inflection time
T_P_INF
TU and T_P_INF are no longer

compensated, allowing the
generation of a softer controller.
2xx2x
Point of inflection not reached (only

with excitation by setpoint jump)
If the controller oscillates, weaken

the controller parameter or repeat
the test with lower TUN_DLMN.
2x1xx
Estimated error
(TU <= 3*sampling time)
Repeat the test.
2x2xx
Error estimation is difficult

(TU < sampling time)
Repeat the test.

A pure PT1 process is a special
case: Do not repeat the test; weaken
the controller parameters if need be.
2x3xx
relevant
Estimated error TU too high
Repeat the attempt under better

conditions
21xxx
relevant
Estimation error N_PTN < 1
Repeat the trial under better

conditions
22xxx
relevant
Estimation error N_PTN > 10
Repeat the trial under better

conditions
3xxxx
relevant
Optimization aborted in phase 1 due

to faulty parameter assignment
30001
relevant
TUN_ON and TUN_ST or

TUN_CST are concurrently set

A5E00142771-01
Restart tuning.
B-1
Tuning status
Table B-1
Status
STATUS_H/C
30002
Cooling
tuning
relevant
Description
Remedy
|TUN_DLMN| or | TUN_CLMN|, or
effective LMN change < 5 %
If necessary, reduce the setpoint

value and set TUN_ON = FALSE.
Correct TUN_DLMN or TUN_CLMN;
or check the limits of the
manipulated value, if the value of
TUN_DLMN or TUN_CLMN >= 5%
and the sign was correct.
Restart tuning.
30003
relevant
TUN_CLMN <= 5%, but LMN_LLM Correct the lower limit value
> 5%.
LMN_LLM.
Restart tuning.
30004
relevant
The effective difference of the

manipulated value limited by
splitrange limits rather than by
manipulated value limits.
See STATUS_H=30002:
Also note: For example, if LMN_A <
5 %, you can not tune the heating
parameters when TUN_DLMN is
negative (Reason: the cooling power
must not be adjusted).
30008
relevant
TUN_CST, but without previous

tuning of the heating
First, tune the heating.
30009
relevant
Safe mode of operation
Close safety mode and restart

tuning.
Table B-2
Status_D and description

Description
STATUS_D
0
No controller parameters were calculated.
110
N_PTN <= 1.5 process type I fast
121
N_PTN > 1.5 process type I
122
N_PTN = 1.9 process type I after phase 7 (previously N_PTN > 1.9)
200
N_PTN > 1.9 process type II (transition range)
310
N_PTN >= 2.1 process type III fast
320
N_PTN > 2.6 process type III
B-2

A5E00142771-01
Tuning status
Note
STATUS_H = 0 is reset at the end of phase 1.
If you cancel tuning in phase 2, STATUS_H = 0. However, STATUS_D still shows
the status of the last controller calculation.
The higher the value of STATUS_D, the higher the order of the control system, the
higher the relationship TU/TA and the softer the controller parameters.

A5E00142771-01
B-3
Tuning status
B-4

A5E00142771-01

In chapter
You will find
on page
C.1
Instance DB of FB 52 FMT_PID
C-2
C.2
Instance DB of FB 53 FMT_PAR
C-20
C.3
Instance DB of FB 54 FMT_CJ_T
C-22
C.4
Instance DB of FB 55 FMT_DS1
C-24
C.5
Instance DB of FB 56 FMT_TUN
C-26
C.6
Instance DB of FB 57 FMT_PV
C-30

A5E00142771-01
C-1
C.1
Instance DB of FB 52 FMT_PID
In order to reduce the size of the calling interface, most of the parameters were
assigned to the internal static area (see below: OP, PAR and OUT structures).
The following tables list the parameters of these instance DBs:
C-2
Input parameters (Table C-1, Page C-3)
Output parameters (Table C-2, Page C-4)
Transitional parameters (Table C-3, Page C-5)
Internal parameters in structure OP (Operating parameters in Table C-4,

Page C-6)
Internal parameters in structure PAR (Operating parameters in Table C-5,

Page C-10)
Internal parameters in structure OUT (Operating parameters in Table C-6,

Page C-15)

A5E00142771-01
Table C-1
Input parameters of the instance DB for FMT_PID
Addr.
Parameter
0.0
MOD_ADDR INT
Module address
FM 355-2
2.0
CHANNEL
Controller
channel number
Data
type
INT

A5E00142771-01
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
0 to 3
Default
Explanation
In
parameter
assignment
screen
form
256
At this input you find

the module address
which is determined
in the configuration
under STEP 7.
Number of the
controller channel to
which the instance
DB is referenced to.
C-3
Table C-2
Output parameters of the instance DB for FMT_PID
Addr.
Parameter
4.0
QMOD_F
BOOL
Module errors
FALSE
The function block

verifies successful
read/write access to a
data record. Output
QMOD_F is set if errors
are detected. Possible
error cause: Wrong
module address at
parameter MOD_ADDR,
wrong channel number at
the CHANNEL
parameter or a defective
module.
6.0
RET_VALU
WORD
SFC58/59
(WR_REC/RD_R
EC)
W#16#0
Number of the controller

channel to which the
instance DB is
referenced to.
RET_VALU contains the
return value RET_VAL of
SFC 58/59. RET_VALU
can be evaluated if an
error is reported via
QMOD_F (see reference
manual System Software
for S7-300/S7-400
System and Standard
Functions).
C-4
Data
type
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
Default
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form

A5E00142771-01
Table C-3
Transitional parameters of the instance DB of FMT_PID
Addr.
Parameter
8.0
COM_RST
BOOL
Restart
FALSE
When COM_RST =
TRUE, FB FMT_PID
performs an
initialization cycle and
resets COM_RST. This
initialization cycle is
necessary at every
CPU startup.
8.1
LOAD_OP
BOOL
Downloading
operator control
parameters to
FM 355-2
FALSE
When the transitional

parameter LOAD_OP
is set, the operator
control parameters are
downloaded to the
module, the output
parameters are read
and the transitional
parameter is reset.
8.2
READ_OUT
BOOL
Read output
parameters from
FM 355-2
FALSE

parameter READ_OUT
is set, the modules
output parameters are
read and written to the
OUT structure of the
instance DB, and the
transitional parameter
is reset.
8.3
LOAD_PAR
BOOL
Downloading
controller
parameters to
FM 355-2
FALSE

parameter LOAD_PAR
is set, the controller
parameters are
downloaded to the
module and the
is reset.
8.4
READ_PAR
BOOL
Reading
controller
parameters from
FM 355-2
FALSE
When parameter
READ_PAR = TRUE,
the controller
parameters are fetched
from FM 355-2 and
written to the PAR
structure of the
instance DB. Then, the
is reset.
Data
type

A5E00142771-01
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
Default
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
C-5
Table C-4
Addr.
Internal parameters of the instance DB of FMT_PID (operating parameters in the OP structure)

Parameter
Data
type
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
Default
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
10.0
vers_nr
WORD
Version, is always
3230; do not
change
W#16#3230 W#16#3230 The user must not

modify parameter
vers_nr. It identifies
the start of the
operating
parameters which
are downloaded to
the module when
LOAD_OP is set
TRUE.
12.0
SP_RE
REAL
external setpoint
value
technical
range of
0.0
An external setpoint
value is connected to
values
the controller at input
(physical
SP_RE. *)
variable)
16.0
LMN_RE
REAL
external
manipulated value
100.0 ...
100.0 (%)
0.0
An external
manipulated value is
connected to the
controller at input
LMN_RE. *)
20.0
SAFE_ON
BOOL
Setting safety
mode
FALSE
When SAFE_ON is
set, a safety value is
applied as
manipulated value.
20.1
LMNTRKON
BOOL
Correction (LMN
via AI)
FALSE
When LMNTRKON
is set, the
compensated via an
analog input (AI).
(Does not apply to a
step controller
without analog
position feedback)
20.2
LMN_REON
BOOL
switch on external
manipulated value
FALSE
When LMN_REON
is set, the external
manipulated value
LMN_RE is applied
as manipulated value
(Manual mode).
C-6

A5E00142771-01
Table C-4
Addr.
20.3

Parameter
LMNRHSRE
Data
type
BOOL
Comment
upper limit signal of

the position
Permitted
range of
values
Default
FALSE
feedback
Explanation
The signal Control

valve at upper end
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
stop can be
connected to a digital
input of FM 355-2 or
to the input
LMNRHSRE.
LMNRHSRE =
TRUE means: The
control valve is at the
upper end stop.
(Only with step
controller).
20.4
LMNRLSRE
BOOL
lower limit signal of

the position
FALSE
feedback
The signal Control

valve at lower end
stop can be
connected to a digital
input of FM 355-2 or
to the input
LMNRLSRE.
LMNRLSRE = TRUE
means: The control
valve is at the lower
end stop. (Only with
step controller).
20.5
LMNS_ON
BOOL
Enable operator
control of
FALSE
Enable operator
control of
manipulated
manipulated
variables
variables (only with
step controller;
Manual mode).
20.6
LMN_UP
BOOL
Operator control of
the manipulated
FALSE
value signal, high
Operator control of
manipulated variable,
high (only with step

controller).
20.7
LMN_DN
BOOL
Operator control of
the manipulated
value signal, low
FALSE
Operator control of
the manipulated
value signal, low

(only with step
controller).

A5E00142771-01
C-7
Table C-4
Addr.
22.0

Parameter
SAVE_PAR
Data
type
BOOL
Comment
Saving controller
parameters
Permitted
range of
values
Default
FALSE
Explanation
Saves the current

controller parameters
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
(SAV_PFAC=PFAC_
SP, SAV_GAIN
=GAIN, SAV_TI =TI,
SAV_TD = TD,
SAV_D_F =D_F,
SAV_CONZ =
CON_ZONE,
SAV_RATI
=RATIOFAC,
SAV_CZON=CONZ_
ON,
SAV_PSEL=P_SEL)
**).
22.1
UNDO_ PAR BOOL
Undo changes to
controller
parameters
FALSE
The saved controller

parameters are
retrieved again. This

also applies to
automatic mode.
(PFAC_SP=SAV_PF
AC, GAIN =
SAV_GAIN, TI
=SAV_TI, TD =
SAV_TD, D_F =
SAV_D_F,
CON_ZONE =
SAV_CONZ,
RATIOFAC =
SAV_RATI,
CONZ_ON=
SAV_CZON,
P_SEL= SAV_PSEL)
**).
C-8

A5E00142771-01
Table C-4
Addr.
22.2

Parameter
LOAD_PID
Data
type
BOOL
Comment
Load tuned PI/PID

parameters
Permitted
range of
values
Default
FALSE
Explanation
Loads the PID

parameters when
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
PID_ON=TRUE
(PID_GAIN, PID_TI,
PID_TD). Loads the
PI parameters when
PID_ON=FALSE
(PI_GAIN, PI_TI).
(also applies to
automatic mode) **).
22.3
TUN_ON
BOOL
Enable controller
tuning
FALSE
TUN_ON=TRUE
sets FM 355-2 ready
for tuning
(PHASE=1): The
mean manipulated
value is formed until
actual value variable
excitation is enabled
**).
22.4
TUN_ST
BOOL
Start controller
tuning
FALSE
If the setpoint value

is to remain constant
at the operating point

during controller
tuning, TUN_ST is
set TRUE to apply a
manipulated value
jump determined by
TUN_DLMN
(PHASE 1 2) **).
22.5
TUN_CST
BOOL
Start cooling tuning
FALSE
Starts cooling tuning

by applying a
manipulated value
jump determined by
TUN_CLMN
(PHASE 1 2) **).
*)
With fast data transfer in auto mode across the I/O area of FM 355-2 (LOAD_OP = FALSE) only the setpoint value SP_RE
is transferred. In manual mode, only the manually set manipulated value is transferred.
**) With fast data transfer across the I/O area of the FM 355-2 these parameters are not transferred. FB FMT_PID
automatically sets LOAD_OP = TRUE.

A5E00142771-01
C-9
Table C-5
Internal parameters of the instance DB to FMT_PID (operating parameters in the PAR

structure)
Addr.
Parameter
24.0
vers_nr
Data
type
WORD
Comment
Version, is
always 3230; do
Permitted
range of
values
Default
Explanation
W#16#3230
W#16#32
30
The user must not

modify parameter
not change
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
vers_nr. It identifies
the start of the
controller parameters
which are fetched
from the FM with
READ_PAR = TRUE
and written to the
instance -DB, or
downloaded to the
FM with LOAD_PAR
= TRUE.
26.0
P_SEL
BOOL
Enable the P
portion
TRUE
The PID algorithm

allows you to switch
PID
controller
the PID portions on or

off individually. The
proportional function
is enabled when input
P_SEL is set.
26.1
MONERSEL
BOOL
Monitoring:
Process variable
FALSE
The controller is
equipped with a limit
=0
value monitor which
Error signal = 1
can be used to
Interrupt
Controller
monitor the actual

value or the error
signal. The error
signal is monitored
when MONERSEL is
set.
C-10

A5E00142771-01
Table C-5

structure)
Addr. Parameter
26.2
PID_ON
Data
type
BOOL
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
Enable PID mode
Default
TRUE
Explanation
The PID parameters

are enabled after
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
tuning or when
LOAD_PID =TRUE.
PI parameters are
enabled when
PID_ON =FALSE.
However, some
process types will
only generate a PI
controller,
irrespective of the
status PID_ON =
TRUE.
26.3
CONZ_ON
BOOL
Enable control
zone
FALSE
TRUE = Control zone

is enabled
Control zone
FALSE = Control
zone is disabled
28.0
D_EL_SEL
INT
Input for the

derivative action
0 to 3, 16, 17
16
element
The PID algorithm

allows the connection
Controller
error signal
of a derivative action
element to a separate
input which can be
selected at parameter
D_EL_SEL.
16: Error signal
0 to 3: Analog input 0
to 3
17: negative actual
value
30.0
SP_HLM
REAL
Setpoint high limit
> SP_LLM
(physical
variable)
100.0
The setpoint value is

always limited to a
Limiting
Setpoint
high and a low limit.
value
Parameter SP_HLM
Controller
specifies the high

limit.

A5E00142771-01
C-11
Table C-5

structure)
Addr. Parameter
34.0
SP_LLM
Data
type
REAL
Comment
Setpoint low limit
Permitted
range of
values
< SP_HLM
(physical
Default
0.0
variable)
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form

always limited to a
Limiting
the controller
high and a low limit.
setpoint
Parameter SP_LLM
specifies the low limit.
38.0
H_ALM
REAL
high limit interrupt
> H_WRN
(physical
100.0
variable)
42.0
H_WRN
REAL
High limit value

warning
> H_ALM
(physical
High limit for actual

value or error signal
Controller
interrupt
monitoring.
90.0
variable)
Secondary high limit

for actual value or
Controller
interrupt
error signal
monitoring.
46.0
L_WRN
REAL
Low limit value

warning
H_WRN ...
L_ALM
(physical
variable)
10.0
Secondary low limit

for actual value or
error limit monitoring.
Controller
interrupt
50.0
L_ALM
REAL
Low limit value

interrupt
< L_WRN
(physical
variable)
0.0
Lowest limit for actual

value or error signal
monitoring.
Controller
interrupt
54.0
HYS
REAL
Hysteresis
>= 0.0
(physical
variable)
1.0
You can configure a

hysteresis to avoid
flicker of the
monitoring displays.
Controller
interrupt
58.0
DEADB_W
REAL
Dead time width
>= 0.0
(physical
variable)
0.0
The error signal is

controlled via a dead
band. Parameter
DEADB_W
determines the width
of the dead band.
Dead time
Controller
62.0
PFAC_SP
REAL
Proportional
factor
0.0 ... 1.0
1.0
PFAC_SP specifies
the effective
proportional action at
setpoint value
changes.
PID
controller
66.0
GAIN
REAL
Proportional
action coefficient
%/physical
variable
1.0
Parameter GAIN
specifies the
controllers gain.
PID
controller
A negative signed
GAIN inverts the
control direction.
C-12

A5E00142771-01
Table C-5

structure)
Addr. Parameter
Data
type
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
Default
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
70.0
TI
REAL
Integration time
(s)
= 0.0
or
>= 0.5
3000.0
Parameter TI (integral
action time)
determines the time
behavior of the
integrator. The
integrator is disabled
when TI = 0.0.
PID
controller
74.0
TD
REAL
Derivative action
time (s)
= 0.0
or
>= 1.0
0.0
Parameter TD (rate
time) determines the
time behavior of the
differentiator (D action
element). The
differentiator is
disabled when TD =
0.0.
PID
controller
78.0
D_F
REAL
Derivative action
factor
5.0 ... 10.0
5.0
The time constant

TD/D_F affecting the
D action element is
limited internally to
Samplng time/2.
PID
controller
82.0
LMN_SAFE
REAL
Safety
manipulated
valaue
100.0 ...
100.0 (%)
0.0
A safety value can be

configured for the
manipulated variable.
Switch
safety
manipulated
value
Controller
86.0
LMN_HLM
REAL
High limit of the

manipulated
value
LMN_LLM ...
100.0 (%)
100.0
The manipulated
value is always
assigned a
hysteresis. Parameter
LMN_HLM specifies
the high limit.
Limiting
Manipulated
value
Controller

step controller without
analog position
feedback)
90.0
94.0
LMN_LLM
MTR_TM
REAL
REAL

A5E00142771-01
Low limit of the

manipulated
value
Motor positioning
time (s)
100.0 ...
LMN_HLM
(%)
MTR_TM >=
0.001
0.0
60.0
The manipulated
value is always
assigned a
hysteresis. Parameter
LMN_LLM specifies
the low limit. (Does
not apply to a step
controller without
analog position
feedback)
Limiting
Limit-to-limit runtime
of the control valve
(only with step
controller).
Pulse shaper
Manipulated
variable
Controller
Controller
C-13
Table C-5

structure)
Addr. Parameter
98.0
102.0
PULSE_TM
BREAK_TM
Data
type
REAL
REAL
Comment
Minimum pulse
period (s)
Minimum
interpulse period
(s)
Permitted
range of
values
>= 0.0
>= 0.0
Default
0.0
0.0
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
Minimum pulse width

(only with
stepping/pulse
controllers)
Pulse shaper
Minimum interpulse
width (only with
stepping/pulse
controllers)
Pulse shaper
Split-range
controller/
Pulse
controller
Split-range
controller/pul
se shaper
Controller
106.0
RATIOFAC
REAL
Ratio factor
= 0.0 or 0.01
... 100.0
0.0
Ratio factor for

heating/cooling gain
of the process. The
result of RATIOFAC
<> 0.0 is:

110.0
CON_
ZONE
REAL
Control zone
width
> 0.0
100.0
technical
range of
values
(physical
variables
Cooling
LMN = LMN *
RATIOFAC for
LMN<0.0;
CON_ZONE
increase by 50%
If ER >=
CON_ZONE, then
LMN = LMN_HLM.
Control zone
If ER <=
-CON_ZONE (or.
-CON_ZONE/RATIO
FAC for
RATIOFAC<>0.0),
then LMN =
LMN_LLM.
114.0
TUN_DLMN
REAL
Delta
manipulated
value for process
excitation
100.0 ...
100.0 (%)
20.0
The controller tuning

process is excited by
a manipulated value
jump determined in
TUN_DLMN
PID
controller
118.0
TUN_CLMN
REAL
Delta
manipulated
value for cooling
tuning
100.0 ...
100.0 (%)
20.0
jump after cooling
tuning, determined in
TUN_CST.
PID
controller
C-14

A5E00142771-01
Table C-6
Addr.
Internal parameters of the instance DB for FMT_PID (output parameters in the OUT structure)
Parameter
Data
type
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
Default
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
122.0
vers_nr
WORD
Version, is
always 3230; do
not change
W#16#3230
W#16#3230 The user must not

modify parameter
vers_nr. It identifies the
start of the output
parameters which are
fetched from the module
when READ_OUT =
TRUE.
124.0
PV
REAL
Process
variable
technical
range of
values
(physical
variable)
0.0
Effective actual value.
128.0
LMN
REAL
Manipulated
variable
100.0 ...
100.0 (%)
0.0
Output LMN returns the

effective manipulated
value.
With step controllers

without analog position
feedback, output LMN
returns the unlimited P
and D action element.
132.0
QSPOPON
BOOL
Setpoint value
operation
enabled
FALSE

specified by the
application when output
QSPOPON is set.
132.1
QLMNSAFE
BOOL
Safe mode of
operation
FALSE
The safety manipulated

value is output as
manipulated value when
output QLMNSAFE is
set.
132.2
QLMNOPON
BOOL
Operator control
of manipulated
variables is
enabled
FALSE
The manipulated value

is specified by the
application when output
QLMNOPON is set.
132.3
QLMNTRK
BOOL
Correction
mode
FALSE
Output QLMNTRK
indicates whether the
compensated via an
analog input.
132.4
QLMN_RE
BOOL
external
manipulated
value enabled
FALSE
Output QLMN_RE
indicates whether
LMN_REON is set and
the external
manipulated value
LMN_RE is applied as
manipulated value.

A5E00142771-01
C-15
Table C-6
Addr.
Parameter
Data
type
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
Default
Explanation
132.5
QLMNR_HS
BOOL
high limit signal

of the position
feedback
FALSE
QLMNR_HS = TRUE
means: The control
valve is at the upper
end stop. (Only with
step controller).
132.6
QLMNR_LS
BOOL
low limit signal

of the position
feedback
FALSE
QLMNR_LS = TRUE
means: The control
valve is at the lower end
stop.
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
(Only with step

controller).
132.7
133.0
QLMNR_ON
QSTEPCON
BOOL
BOOL
Position
feedback is
enabled
FALSE
Step controller
FALSE
QLMNR_ON = TRUE
means:
Step controller with

position feedback.
Step /Pulse controller
0 = Pulse controller
or closed-loop controller
and
1 = Step controller
133.1
QSPR
BOOL
Split-range
mode
FALSE
The closed-loop
controller operates in
split-range mode when
output QSPR is set.
133.3
QMAN_FC
BOOL
Correction
mode or
Anti-Reset-Win
dup by
follow-up
controller
FALSE
This controller is a
reference variable
controller. It is manually
corrected with reference
to the actual value of a
follow-up controller, or
its I element is disabled
because the follow-up
controllers setpoint or
manipulated variable
has reached the limit.
133.4
QACT_OP
BOOL
Update
operational
status
FALSE
not used
134.0
QH_ALM
BOOL
high limit value

interrupt
triggered
FALSE
The process or error

value has exceeded the
high limit H_ALM.
134.1
QH_WRN
BOOL
high limit value

warning has
responded
FALSE
The actual value or

error signal has
exceeded the earlier
high limit H_WRN.
C-16

A5E00142771-01
Table C-6
Addr.
Parameter
Data
type
Comment
134.2
Permitted
range of
values
Default
Explanation
QL_WRN
BOOL
low limit value

warning was
triggered
FALSE
The actual value or

error signal has
dropped below the
earlier low limit L_WRN.
134.3
QL_ALM
BOOL
low limit value

interrupt was
triggered
FALSE
The actual value or

error signal has
dropped below the
lowest limit H_ALM.
134.4
QLMN_ HLM
BOOL
upper limit
signal of the
manipulated
value was
triggered
FALSE
Output QLMN_HLM
reports that the

manipulated value high
limit LMN_HLM has
been reached. (Does
not apply to a step
controller without analog
position feedback)
134.5
QLMN_LLM
BOOL
low limit signal

of the
manipulated
value was
triggered
FALSE
Output QLMN_LLM
reports that the
manipulated value low
limit LMN_HLM has
been reached.
In parameter
assignment
screen
form

step controller without
analog position
feedback)
134.6
QPAR_F
BOOL
Configuration
error
FALSE
The module performs a

validity check of the
parameters. A
error is indicated at
output QPAR_F. You
can also view this
information via the
menu PLC >
Configuration Error of
your parameter
134.7
QCH_F
BOOL
Channel error
FALSE
Output QCH_F is set if

the controller channel
can not return valid
results. Channel error
(e.g. cable break) is
also set when QPAR_F
= 1 or QMOD_F = 1.
When QCH_F = TRUE,
you can fetch precise
error information from
DS1, the modules
diagnostics data record.

A5E00142771-01
C-17
Table C-6
Addr.
Parameter
135.0
QUPRLM
135.1
QDNRLM
Data
type
BOOL
BOOL
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
Default
Setpoint
gradient
limitation has
responded
FALSE
negative
setpoint
gradient
limitation has
responded
FALSE
Explanation
The setpoint gradient is

limited in positive and
negative direction.
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
The setpoint ramp

response time is limited
when output QUPRLM
is set.
The setpoint gradient is
limited in positive and
negative direction.
setpoint drop in
negative direction is
limited when output
QDNRLM is set.
135.2
QSP_HLM
BOOL
setpoint high
limit has
responded
FALSE
Output QSP_HLM
reports that the setpoint
high limit SP_HLM has
been reached.
135.3
QSP_LLM
BOOL
setpoint low
limit has
responded
FALSE
Output QSP_LLM
reports that the setpoint
low limit SP_LLM has
been reached.
135.4
QLMNUP
BOOL
High signal of
the manipulated
value
FALSE
Output Manipulated
value high signal.
(applies only to stepping
or pulse controller)
135.5
QLMNDN
BOOL
Low signal of
the manipulated
value
FALSE
Output Manipulated
value low signal.
(applies only to stepping

or pulse controller)
135.6
QTUN_ON
BOOL
Tuning is busy
FALSE
135.7
PAR_ACT
BOOL
Update
controller
parameters
FALSE
136.0
SP
REAL
Setpoint
technical
range of
values
(physical
variable)
0.0
Effective setpoint
value. *)
140.0
ER
REAL
Error
technical
range of
values
(physical
variable)
0.0
*)
144.0
DISV
REAL
Disturbance
100.0 ...
100.0 (%)
0.0
Effective disturbance. *)
C-18
QTUN_ON = TRUE
indicates that tuning is
busy.

A5E00142771-01
Table C-6
Addr.
Parameter
148.0
LMN_A
Data
type
REAL
Comment
Manipulated
value A of the
split-range
function /
position
feedback
Permitted
range of
values
100.0 ...
100.0 (%)
Default
0.0
Explanation
Output LMN_A of the

closed loop/pulse
controller returns the
manipulated value A of
the split-range function.
The same output, but of
a step controller with
analog position
feedback, returns the
position feedback value.
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
*)
152.0
LMN_B
REAL
Manipulated
variable B of the
split-range
function
100.0 ...
100.0 (%)
0.0
The closed-loop or
pulse controller output
LMN_B returns the
value of manipulated
value B of the
split-range function. *)
156.0
PHASE
INT
Tuning phases
0..7
Shows the status of

controller tuning. *)
158.0
STATUS_H
INT
Status of
heating tuning
Diagnostics value for

inflection point
identification during
heating tuning. *)
160.0
STATUS_C
INT
Status of
cooling tuning
Diagnostics value for

inflection point
identification during
cooling tuning. *)
162.0
STATUS_D
INT
Status of
controller tuning
Diagnostics value for a

controller designed for
heating tuning. *)
164.0
ZONE_TUN
WORD
For parallel
tuning of a
group of
controller
channels in one
zone
W#16#0
In HEX code, each one

of the four digits
represents one channel,
arranged in the
following order from left
to right: Channel 0, 1, 2,
3. ZONE_TUN = 0
means that the selected
channel will not be
tuned in a group. A
value <> 0000 shows respectively with a 1 the group of channels
which is going to be
tuned. *)
*)
These parameters will not be transferred during a fast data transfer across the I/O area of FM 355-2 (READ_OUT =
FALSE).

A5E00142771-01
C-19
C.2
Instance DB of FB 53 FMT_PAR
Table C-7
Input parameters of the instance DB for FMT_PAR
Addr.
Parameter
0.0
MOD_ADDR INT
Module address
FM 355-2
2.0
CHANNEL
INT
Channel number
4.0
INDEX
INT
6.0
VALUE_R
10.0
VALUE_I
Table C-8
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
Default
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
256
This input holds the

module address which is
determined in the
configuration with
STEP 7.
0 to 3
Number of the controller

channel to which the
instance DB is
referenced to.
Index for
parameters
0 to 100
see Chapter 7
REAL
Value for REAL

parameters
depends on
0.0
the respective
parameter
see Chapter 7
INT
Value for INT

parameters
depends on
0
the respective
parameter
see Chapter 7
Output parameters of the instance DB for FMT_PAR
Addr.
Parameter
12.0
RET_VALU
C-20
Data
type
Data
type
WORD
Comment
Return value
SFC 58
(WR_REC)
Permitted
range of
values
Default
Explanation
W#16#0

SFC 58.
In parameter
assignment
screen
form

A5E00142771-01
Table C-9
Transitional parameters of the instance DB for FMT_PAR
Addr.
Parameter
Data
type
+14.0
LOAD_PAR
BOOL

A5E00142771-01
Comment
Download
controller
parameters to
FM 355-2
Permitted
range of
values
Default
FALSE
Explanation
VALUE_R or VALUE_I
is written to the module
when the transitional
parameter LOAD_PAR is
set. INDEX specifies the
parameter which is to be
overwritten (see Chapter
7.2, Page 7-3). On
completion, LOAD_PAR
is reset.
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
C-21
C.3
Instance DB of FB 54 FMT_CJ_T
Table C-10 Input parameters of the instance DB for FB FMT_CJ_T

Addr.
Parameter
0.0
MOD_ADDR INT
Module address
FM 355-2
2.0
CJ_TEMP
Reference
junction
temperature
Data
type
REAL
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
depends on
the sensor
type
Default
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
256
The module address

which is determined in
the configuration under
STEP 7 is found at this
input.
0.0
The reference junction

temperature can be
specified at parameter
CJ_TEMP.
Table C-11 Output parameters of the instance DB for FMT_CJ_T

Addr.
Parameter
6.0
CJ_T_OUT
REAL
Reference
junction
temperature
(Output)
0.0
Output CJ_T_OUT
returns the reference
junction temperature
measured by the module,
provided a thermocouple
input has been
configured and there is
no default configuration
of the reference junction
temperature.
10.0
RET_VALU
WORD
Return value
SFC 58/59
W#16#0

SFC 58/59.
C-22
Data
type
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
Default
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form

A5E00142771-01
Table C-12 Transitional parameters of the instance DB for FMT_CJ_T

Addr.
Parameter
12.0
12.1
Data
type
Comment
LOAD_CJ
BOOL
Download of the
reference junction
temperature
value to
FM 355-2
FALSE

parameter LOAD_CJ is
set, the configured
reference value in the
module is overwritten
with the value of
CJ_TEMP.
Subsequently, the
transitional parameter will
be reset.
READ_CJ
BOOL
Reading the
reference junction
temperature from
FM 355-2
FALSE
When parameter
READ_CJ = TRUE, the
reference junction
temperature is read from
the module. The
transitional parameter is
then reset.

A5E00142771-01
Permitted
range of
values
Default
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
C-23
C.4
Instance DB of FB 55 FMT_DS1
Table C-13 Input parameters of the instance DB for FMT_DS1

Addr.
Parameter
0.0
MOD_ADDR INT
Data
type
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
Module address
FM 355-2
Default
256
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
The module address
the configuration under
input.
Table C-14 Output parameters of the instance DB for FMT_DS1

Addr.
Parameter
2.0
16.0
C-24
Data
type
Comment
DS1
STRUCT
Diagnostics data
record DS1
RET_VALU
INT
Return value from

SFC 59
(RD_REC)
Permitted
range of
values
Default
W#16#0
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
contains bytes 0 to 12
(described in Chapter
12)
RET_VALU contains
the return value
RET_VAL of SFC 59.

A5E00142771-01
Table C-15 Transitional parameters of the instance DB for FMT_DS1

Addr.
18.0
Parameter
READ_DS1
Data
type
BOOL

A5E00142771-01
Comment
Reading DS1
from FM 355-2
Permitted
range of
values
Default
FALSE
Explanation
When parameter
READ_DS1 =
TRUE, the
diagnostics data
record DS1 is
fetched from
FM 355-2 and
written to the DS1
structure of the
instance DB. The
transitional
parameter is then
reset.
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
C-25
C.5
Instance DB of FB 56 FMT_TUN
Table C-16 Input parameters of the instance DB for FMT_TUN

Addr.
Parameter
0.0
MOD_ADDR INT
Module address
FM 355-2
2.0
CHANNEL
Channel number
Data
type
INT
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
0 to 3
Default
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
256
The module address

the configuration with
input.
The channel number to

which the instance DB is
referenced to is
configured at input
Channel number.
Table C-17 Output parameters of the instance DB for FMT_TUN

Addr.
Parameter
4.0
PI_GAIN
REAL
PI controller gain
0.0
PI controller parameters
8.0
PI_TI
REAL
PI controller
integration time
(s)
0.0
PI controller parameters
12.0
PID_GAIN
REAL
PID controller
gain
0.0
PID controller
parameters
16.0
PID_TI
REAL
PID controller
integration time
0.0
PID controller
parameters
20.0
PID_TD
REAL
PID controller
derivative time (s)
0.0
PID controller
parameters
24.0
SAV_PFAC
REAL
Old proportional
factor
0.0
Saved controller
parameters
28.0
SAV_GAIN
REAL
Old controller
gain value
0.0
Saved controller
parameters
32.0
SAV_TI
REAL
Old controller
integration time
(s)
0.0
Saved controller
parameters
36.0
SAV_TD
REAL
Old controller
derivative action
time (s)
0.0
Saved controller
parameters
C-26
Data
type
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
Default
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form

A5E00142771-01
Table C-17 Output parameters of the instance DB for FMT_TUN

Addr. Parameter
Data
type
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
Default
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
40.0
SAV_D_F
REAL
Old derivative
factor
0.0
Saved controller
parameters
44.0
SAV_RATI
REAL
Old ratio factor
0.0
Saved controller
parameters
48.0
SAV_CONZ
REAL
Old control zone

width
0.0
Saved controller
parameters
52.0
SAV_PSEL
BOOL
Old value of
P_SEL
FALSE
Saved controller
parameters
52.1
SAV_CZON
BOOL
Old enable value

for control zone
FALSE
Saved controller
parameters
54.0
RET_VALU
WORD
Return value from

SFC 58/59
(WR_REC/RD_R
EC)
W#16#0

SFC 58/59.
Table C-18 Transitional parameters of the instance DB for FMT_TUN

Addr.
Parameter
Data
type
56.0
READ_OUT
BOOL

A5E00142771-01
Comment
Fetching output
parameters from
FM 355-2
Permitted
range of
values
Default
FALSE
Explanation
When transitional
parameter READ_OUT
is set, the output
parameters are fetched
from FM 355-2.
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
C-27
Table C-19 Internal parameters of the instance DB for FMT_TUN (in the OUT structure)
Addr.
Parameter
152.0
GAIN_P
REAL
Process gain
(physical
variable) /%
0.0
Identified process gain.

For the process type I,
GAIN_P tends to be
estimated too low.
156.0
TU
REAL
Delay time (s)
3*Scan time
0.0
Identified process delay

time.
160.0
TA
REAL
Correction time
(s)
0.0
0.0
Identified adjustment
reaction time of the
process.
Data
type
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
Default
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
For the process type I,

TA tends to be estimated
too low.
164.0
KIG
REAL
Maximum actual
value ramp
response time
with manipulated
value excitation
from 0 to 100%
(physical
variable) /s
0.0
Maximum possible ramp

response of the actual
value.
GAIN_P = 0.01 * KIG *

TA
168.0
N_PTN
REAL
Process order
1.01 ... 10.0
0.0
Process order.
Non-integer values are
also possible.
172.0
TM_LAG_P
REAL
Time constant of
a PTN model (s)
0.0
0.0
Time constant of a PTN

model.
(practical values only for

N_PTN>=2).
176.0
T_P_INF
REAL
Time-to-go until
the inflection
point is reached
(s)
0.0
0.0
Time-to-go from process

excitation to the inflection
point.
180.0
P_INF
REAL
Actual value at
the inflection
point - PV0 - PV0
physical
variable
0.0
Actual value change

between process
excitation and inflection
point.
184.0
LMN0
REAL
Manipulated
variable at the
start of tuning
100.0 ...
100.0 (%)
0.0
Is determined in phase 1
(average value)
188.0
PV0
REAL
Actual value at
the start of tuning
(physical
variable)
0.0
Is determined in phase 1
(average value)
192.0
PVDT0
REAL
Actual value
gradient at the
start of tuning
(physical
variable) /s
0.0
Sign is adapted.
196.0
PVDT
REAL
Current actual
value gradient
(physical
variable) /s
0.0
Sign is adapted.
C-28

A5E00142771-01
Table C-19 Internal parameters of the instance DB for FMT_TUN (in the OUT structure)
Addr. Parameter
Data
type
Comment
200.0
PVDT_MAX
REAL
Maximum actual
value change
204.0
NOI_PVDT
REAL
Noise fraction in
PVDT_MAX in %
208.0
NOISE_PV
REAL
Absolute actual
value noise
212.0
FIL_CYC
INT
214.0
POI_CMAX
216.0
POI_CYCL
Permitted
range of
values
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
0.0
Maximum derivative of
the actual value at the
point of inflection (sign
adapted, always > 0),
used to calculate TU and
KIG.
0.0
The higher the proportion

of noise, the less
accurate (less
aggressive) the control
parameters.
(physical
variable) /s
0.0
Difference between
maximum and minimum
actual value in phase 1.
Number of
average filter
cycles
1 ... 1024
The actual value is

averaged over FIL_CYC
cycles. When necessary,
FIL_CYC is increased
automatically from 1 to a
maximum of 1024.
INT
Maximum number
of cycles at the
inflection point
This time is used in case

of measurement noise to
find another (that is,
better) point of inflection.
The tuning is completed
only after this time.
INT
Number of cycles
after the point of
inflection is
reached
The above parameters

are located in the OUT
structure, after
SAV_CZON.

A5E00142771-01
(physical
variable) /s
Default
C-29
C.6
Instance DB of FB 57 FMT_PV
Table C-20 Input parameters of the instance DB for FMT_PV

Addr.
Parameter
0.0
S_AION
ARRAY
[0..3] of
BOOL
Switch:Simulation
of the analog
input value via
PV_SIM
FALSE
For example, when

the switch
S_AION[1] is set
TRUE, the analog
input value 1 of the
module is replaced
by the actual value
PV_SIM[1] (see
Figure 8-14, Page
8-23).
2.0
S_PVON
ARRAY
[0..3] of
BOOL
Switch:Simulation
of the
pre-processed
analog input
value via PV_SIM
FALSE
For example, when

the switch
S_PVON[1] is set
TRUE, the
pre-processed
analog input
variable 1 of the
module is replaced
by the actual value
PV_SIM[1] (see
Figure 8-14, Page
8-23).
4.0
PV_SIM
ARRAY
[0..3] of
BOOL
Simulation
variable for
analog input
0.0
For example, at
input PV_SIM[1] the
simulation value is
set for analog input
1. If S_PVON =
TRUE, the analog
value
pre-processed at
this location will be
set by default. If
S_PVON = FALSE
and S_AION =
TRUE, the analog
input value is here
specified in mA or
mV units, and
converted by the
pre-processing
function to a
pre-processed
value.
C-30
Data
type
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
0.0 to 20.0 [mA]

or 1,500 to
+10,000 [mV] or
technical range
of values
Default
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form

A5E00142771-01
Table C-20 Input parameters of the instance DB for FMT_PV

Addr. Parameter
Data
type
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
Default
20.0
S_DION
ARRAY
[0..7] of
BOOL
Switch:Simulation
of the analog
input value by
DI_SIM
FALSE
22.0
DI_SIM
ARRAY
[0..7] of
BOOL
Simulation value
for digital input
FALSE
24.0
MOD_ADDR INT
Module address
FM 355-2
256
Explanation
For example, when

the switch
S_DION[1] is set
TRUE, the digital
input variable 1 of
the module is
replaced by the
actual value
DI_SIM[1] (see
Figure 8-14, Page
8-23).
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
The module
address which is
determined in the
configuration under
STEP 7 is found at
this input.
Table C-21 Output parameters of the instance DB for FMT_PV

Addr.
Parameter
Data
type
26.0
STAT_DI
ARRAY
[0..7] of
BOOL
Status of the
digital inputs
DI0 ... DI7
FALSE
The STAT_DI
parameters return
the status of the
digital inputs 0 ... 7.
28+
(Chan
nel
numb
er x8)
DIAG[x].PV_
PER
ARRAY
[0..3] of
STRUCT
Analog input
value 0 ... 20 mA;
10000 ... 10000
mV
0.0
Parameter
DIAG[x].PV_PER
returns, for
example, the analog
input value for the
module in mA or mV
units.

A5E00142771-01
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
Default
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
C-31
Table C-21 Output parameters of the instance DB for FMT_PV

Addr. Parameter
Data
type
Comment
Permitted
range of
values
Default
Explanation
In parameter
assignment
screen
form
32+
(Chan
nel
numb
er x8)
DIAG[x].PV_
PHY
ARRAY
[0..3] of
STRUCT
pre-processed
analog input
value, physical
unit
0.0
Parameter
DIAG[x].PV_PHY,
for example, returns
the pre-processed
analog input value
of the module in
physical units.
60.0
RET_VALU
WORD
Return value from

SFC 58/59
(WR_REC/RD_R
EC)
W#16#0
RET_VALU
contains the return
value RET_VAL of
SFC 58/59.
RET_VALU can be
evaluated if an error
has been reported
at QMOD_F (see
the reference
manual System
software for
S7-300/S7-400
System and
Standard
Functions).
C-32

A5E00142771-01
Table C-22 Transitional parameters of the instance DB for FMT_PV

Addr.
Parameter
62.0
62.1
Data
type
Comment
LOAD_PV
BOOL
Download actual
values to
FM 355-2
FALSE

parameter LOAD_PV is
set, the simulation
values in PV_SIM and
DI_SIM are written to
the FM 355-2 according
to the switch settings.
The transitional
parameter is then reset
READ_PV
BOOL
Fetching actual
values from
FM 355-2
FALSE
When parameter
READ_PV = TRUE, the

reference junction
temperature is read from
the module. The
transitional parameter is
then reset.

A5E00142771-01
Permitted
range of
values
Default
Explanation
In the
parameter
assignment
screen
form
C-33
JOB_ERR
(Hex)
80A0
JOB_ERR
(Dec)
JOB_ERR
(Int)
Meaning
32928
32608
80A1
32929
32607
80A2
32930
32606
Negative acknowledgement when reading from module. The

module is faulty or was removed during read access.
Negative acknowledgement when writing to the module. The
module is faulty or was removed during write access.
DP protocol error at layer 2
80A3
80A4
32931
32932
32605
32604
DP protocol error at user interface / user

Communication bus error
80B1
32945
32591
80B2
32946
32590
Wrong length specification. Incorrect setting of parameter

FM_TYPE in channel DB for the module used.
The configured slot is not used.
80B3
80C0
32947
32960
32589
32576
Actual module type does not match the configured module type.
Module data not ready for reading.
80C1
32961
32575
80C2
32962
32574
80C3
80C4
32963
32964
32573
32572
Data of an identical write job have not yet been processed by

the module.
The module is currently processing the maximum number of
jobs.
Out of resources (memory space etc.).
Communication error
80C5
32965
32571
Distributed I/O is not available.
80C6
8522
32966
34082
32570
31454
8532
34098
31438
Priority class interrupt (restart or background)

Channel DB or parameter DB too short. Read access to DB
data is not possible. (write request)
DB number of the parameter DB is too high. (write request)
853A
34106
31430
Parameter DB does not exist. (write request)
8544
34116
31420
8723
34595
30941
8730
34608
30928
8732
873A
34610
34618
30926
30918
Error during the nth (n > 1) read access to a DB after an error

has occurred. (write request)
Channel DB or parameter DB too short. The data can not be
written to the DB. (read request)
Parameter DB in the CPU is write protected. The data can not
be written to the DB (read request).
DB number of the parameter DB is too high. (read request)
Parameter DB does not exist. (read request)
8745
34629
30907
Error during the nth (n > 1) read access to a DB after an error

has occurred. (read request)
The errors 80A2..80A4 and 80Cx are temporary, that is, they may be remedied after a waiting period and
without user action. Messages of the form 7xxx indicate temporary operating states of the
communication.

A5E00142771-01
D-1
D-2

A5E00142771-01
Parameter names of FMT_PID und FMT_TUN are used in the text in the same
way as abbreviations. The table below shows the assignment to the parameters of
the FBs. The Structure column has no entry if the parameter is not found in any
structure.
Abbreviation
Explanation
FB
Structure
BREAK_TM
Minimum interpulse width [s]
FMT_PID
PAR
COM_RST
Restart
FMT_PID
CON_ ZONE
Control zone width
FMT_PID
PAR
CONZ_ON
Enable control zone
FMT_PID
PAR
D_EL_SEL
Selection of the input for a derivative action element
FMT_PID
PAR
D_F
Derivative factor
FMT_PID
PAR
DEADB_W
Dead time width
FMT_PID
PAR
DISV
Disturbance
FMT_PID
OUT
ER
Error
FMT_PID
OUT
FIL_CYC
Number of cycles of the mean value filter
FMT_TUN
OUT
GAIN
Controller gain (proportional action coefficient)
FMT_PID
PAR
GAIN_P
Process gain
FMT_TUN
OUT
H_ALM
High limit interrupt
FMT_PID
PAR
H_WRN
High limit value warning
FMT_PID
PAR
HYS
Hysteresis
FMT_PID
PAR
KIG
maximum actual value ramp response time with manipulated

variable excitation of 0 to 100% [1/s]
FMT_TUN
OUT
L_ALM
Low limit value interrupt
FMT_PID
PAR
L_WRN
Low limit value warning
FMT_PID
PAR
LMN
FMT_PID
OUT
LMN_A
Manipulated value A of the splitrange function
FMT_PID
OUT
LMN_B
Manipulated variable B of the splitrange function
FMT_PID
OUT
LMN_DN
Operator control of the manipulated valu signal, low (only with

step controller).
FMT_PID
OP
LMN_HLM
High limit of the manipulated value
FMT_PID
PAR
LMN_LLM
Low limit of the manipulated value
FMT_PID
PAR
LMN_RE
external manipulated value
FMT_PID
OP
LMN_REON
enable external manipulated value (Manual mode)
FMT_PID
OP
LMN_UP
Operator control of manipulated value, high (only with step

controller).
FMT_PID
OP
LMN0
Manipulated value at the start of tuning
FMT_TUN
OUT

A5E00142771-01
E-1
Abbreviation
Explanation
FB
Structure
LMNRHSRE
upper limit signal of the position feedback
FMT_PID
OP
LMNRLSRE
lower limit signal of the position feedback
FMT_PID
OP
LMNS_ON
Enable operator control of manipulated values (only with step

controller; Manual mode).
FMT_PID
OP
LMNTRKON
Correction of the manipulated value via analog input
FMT_PID
OP
LOAD_OP
Downloading operator control parameters to FM 355-2
FMT_PID
LOAD_PAR
Downloading controller parameters to FM 355-2
FMT_PID
LOAD_PID
Load tuned PI/PID parameters
FMT_PID
OP
MONERSEL
Monitoring: Process variable = 0; error signal = 1
FMT_PID
PAR
MTR_TM
Motor actuating time [s]
FMT_PID
PAR
N_PTN
Process order
FMT_TUN
OUT
NOI_PVDT
Proportion of noise in PVDT_MAX in %
FMT_TUN
OUT
NOISE_PV
absolute noise level in the actual value
FMT_TUN
OUT
P_INF
Actual value at the point of inflection PV0
FMT_TUN
OUT
P_SEL
Enable the proportional action
FMT_PID
PAR
PFAC_SP
Proportional factor at actual value changes
FMT_PID
PAR
PHASE
Indication of controller tuning phases
FMT_PID
OUT
PID_ON
Enable PID mode
FMT_PID
PAR
POI_CMAX
Maximum number of cycles after the inflection point is

reached
FMT_TUN
OUT
POI_CYCL
Number of cycles after the inflection point is reached
FMT_TUN
OUT
PULSE_TM
Minimum pulse width [s]
FMT_PID
PAR
PV
Actual value
FMT_PID
OUT
PV0
Actual value at the start of tuning
FMT_TUN
OUT
PVDT
current actual value change [1/s]
FMT_TUN
OUT
PVDT_MAX
maximum change of the actual value per second [1/s]
FMT_TUN
OUT
PVDT0
Actual value gradient at the start of tuning [1/s]
FMT_TUN
OUT
QDNRLM
negative setpoint gradient limitation has responded
FMT_PID
OUT
QH_ALM
high limit value interrupt triggered
FMT_PID
OUT
QH_WRN
high limit value warning triggered
FMT_PID
OUT
QL_ALM
low limit value interrupt triggered
FMT_PID
OUT
QL_WRN
low limit value warning triggered
FMT_PID
OUT
QLMN_ HLM
high limit of the manipulated value triggered
FMT_PID
OUT
QLMN_LLM
low limit of the manipulated value triggered
FMT_PID
OUT
QLMN_RE
external manipulated value is enabled
FMT_PID
OUT
QLMNDN
Output of manipulated value low signal (pulse/step controller)
FMT_PID
OUT
QLMNOPON
Operator control of manipulated value enabled
FMT_PID
OUT
QLMNR_HS
high limit signal of the position feedback
FMT_PID
OUT
QLMNR_LS
low limit signal of the position feedback
FMT_PID
OUT
QLMNSAFE
Safe mode
FMT_PID
OUT
QLMNTRK
Correction mode
FMT_PID
OUT
QLMNUP
Output of manipulated value high signal (pulse/step controller)
FMT_PID
OUT
QSP_HLM
setpoint high limit signal triggered
FMT_PID
OUT
E-2

A5E00142771-01
Abbreviation
Explanation
FB
Structure
QSP_LLM
setpoint low limit signal triggered
FMT_PID
OUT
QSPOPON
Operator control of setpoint value enabled
FMT_PID
OUT
QSPR
Splitrange mode
FMT_PID
OUT
QUPRLM
Setpoint gradient limit signal triggered
FMT_PID
OUT
RATIOFAC
Ratio factor for heating/cooling gain of the process.
FMT_PID
PAR
READ_OUT
Read output parameters from FM 355-2
FMT_PID
READ_PAR
Read controller parameters from FM 355-2
FMT_PID
SAFE_ON
Set safety mode
FMT_PID
PAR
SAVE_PAR
Save current controller parameters
FMT_PID
OP
SP
effective setpoint value at the module
FMT_PID
OUT
SP_HLM
Setpoint value high limit
FMT_PID
PAR
SP_LLM
Setpoint value low limit
FMT_PID
PAR
SP_RE
external setpoint value
FMT_PID
OP
STATUS_C
Status of cooling tuning
FMT_PID
OUT
STATUS_D
Status of controller design for controller tuning
FMT_PID
OUT
STATUS_H
Status of heating tuning
FMT_PID
OUT
T_P_INF
Timetogo until the inflection point is reached [s]
FMT_TUN
OUT
TA
Adjustment reaction time of the process [s]
FMT_TUN
OUT
TD
Derivative action time or rate time [s]
FMT_PID
PAR
TI
Integration time or reset time [s]
FMT_PID
PAR
TM_LAG_P
Time constant of a PTN model [s]
FMT_TUN
OUT
TU
Equivalent dead time of the process [s]
FMT_TUN
OUT
TUN_CLMN
Delta manipulated value for cooling tuning
FMT_PID
PAR
TUN_DLMN
Delta manipulated value for process excitation
FMT_PID
PAR
TUN_ON
Enable controller tuning
FMT_PID
OP
TUN_CST
Start cooling tuning
FMT_PID
OP
TUN_ST
Start controller tuning
FMT_PID
OP
UNDO_ PAR
Undo controller parameter change
FMT_PID
OP
ZONE_TUN
Controller channel group for parallel tuning in one zone
FMT_PID
OUT

A5E00142771-01
E-3
E-4

A5E00142771-01
F.1
Supplementary literature
Basics on control engineering can be found in the following books:
Title
Vom Proze zur Regelung
Author
Giler/Schmid
Order no.
A19100-L531-F196
ISBN 3-8009-1551-0
Regeln mit SIMATIC S5
Siemens
E80850-C331-X-A2
Mller, Jrgen
A19100-L531-B796
Grundlagen
Regeln mit SIMATIC
Praxisbuch fr Regelungen
mit SIMATIC S7 und
SIMATIC PCS7

A5E00142771-01
ISBN 3-89578-147-9
F-1
F.2
Spare parts list

Table F-1 lists all replacement parts of the S7-300 which you can additionally order
for your FM 355-2.
Table F-1
Accessories and spare parts

S7-300 parts
Order no.
Bus connector
6ES7390-0AA00-0AA0
Labeling sheet
6ES7392-2XX00-0AA0
Slot number shield
6ES7912-0AA00-0AA0
Screwon front connector (20-pin)
6ES7392-1AJ00-0AA0
Shielding terminal element

(with 2 threaded bolts)
6ES7390-5AA00-0AA0
Shielding terminals for
2 conductors with 2 to 6 mm
shielding diameter
1 conductor with 3 to 8 mm
shielding diameter
1 conductor with 4 to 13 mm
shielding diameter
F-2
6ES7390-5AB00-0AA0
6ES7390-5BA00-0AA0
6ES7390-5CA00-0AA0

A5E00142771-01
Index
A
Activating a process disturbance, 9-5

Activating a setpoint jump, 9-5
Actual value
enable external, 6-19
pre-processing, 6-8
Actual values, 6-7
Actuators
connecting to analog output, 11-13
connecting to digital output, 11-15
Address
fixed address, 3-2
free address, 3-3
Addressing, 3-2
Analog input, Connecting measurement
transducers, 11-3
Analog inputs
Adaptation to sensors, 2-5
Characteristics, 10-4
Number of, 1-3
Terminal diagram, 10-5
Wiring diagram, 10-6
Analog output, connecting loads/actuators,
11-13
Analog outputs
FM 355-2 C, 2-8
Number of, 1-3
Signal selection, 2-8
Terminal diagram, 10-8, 10-9
type of signal, 2-8
Analog signal
Cables, 4-9
Cables for, 11-2, 11-13
Corruption, 11-2
Shielding, 4-9
Analog value pre-processing, 2-6
Anti-Reset-Windup, 6-14
Approbation
See also Approbation
CSA, A-1
FM, A-1
UL, A-1
Backup-mode, 2-16
Blending control, Example, 13-20
Bus connector, 3-4
Bus connectors, 1-6

A5E00142771-01
C
Cables, 4-9
cross-section, 4-9
for analog signals, 11-2, 11-13
Cascade control, Example, 13-18
CE, Marking, A-2
Changeover, manual-auto, 6-14
Channel number, enter in DB, 8-2
Channels, Number of, 1-2
Characteristics of the analog outputs
(FM 355-2 C), 10-7
Characteristics of the digital I/O (FM 355-2 S),
Closed-loop controller, 1-1
Commissioning
creating a new project, 9-2
HW-installation and wiring, 9-1
Implementation of the FM in a project, 9-2
Saving the project, 9-4
Compensation
configured, 11-7
external, 11-7
Reference junction temperature, 11-6
Compensation of the reference junction
temperature, 2-6
Configuration, 3-2
Configuration data, saving, 9-3
Configuration software, 1-7, 2-11
Data flow, 2-10
Connecting to analog output, loads/actuators,
11-13
Connecting to digital output, loads/actuators,
11-15
Control algorithms, Block diagram, 6-10
Index-1
Index
Control parameters
attenuating, 7-30
calculating, 7-16
modifying, 7-30
Control response, 7-28
influencing with PFAC_SP, 7-28
Control structures of the FM 355-2, 1-2
Control zone, 7-23
Controller, 2-2
closed-loop, 1-1
self-adjusting, 1-2
Step- and pulse controller, 1-1
structure, 6-2
Controller output, 6-19
FM 355-2 S, 6-26
functions, 6-19
of the closed loop controller, 8-9, 8-12
of the pulse controller, 8-10, 8-12
Controller structure, 6-2
Controller tuning, 9-5
process, 7-6
Controller type, 6-2
Controllers, cascading ability, 2-15
Controlling method, 1-2
Cooling process, 7-2
Cooling tuning, 7-18
Correction, 6-19
Correction input, 6-19
Create project, new, 9-2
CSA, A-1
D
Dead band, 6-10
Dead time, 2-15
Diagnostic interrupt, 1-3
Diagnostics data record, 12-3
Diagnostics data record DS0,
Bit significance, 12-5
Diagnostics data record DS1,
Bit significance, 12-6
Diagnostics interrupt
Default setting, 12-3
enable, 12-3
OB 82, 12-3
triggering, 12-2, 12-3
What is a diagnostics interrupt?, 12-3
Diagnostics text, 12-4
Diagnostics-LEDs, 1-6
Index-2
Digital inputs, 2-7

Cables, 4-9
Input filter, 10-2
Number of, 1-3
Shielding, 4-9
Digital output, connecting loads/actuators,
11-15
Digital outputs, 10-2
Number of, 1-3
Disturbance, 7-5
Disturbance variable, 6-7
E
Equivalent dead time TU, 7-3
Equivalent time constant TA, 7-3
Error
external, 12-2
internal, 12-2
Error indication, 12-2
Error signal, 6-3
Error signal formation
fixed setpoint/cascade controller, 8-12
Ratio controller, 6-6
Set-value-/Cascade controller, 6-4, 8-8
Three-step action controller, 6-5
Estimated error, B-1
Estimation error, 7-26
Example
Blending control, 13-20
Block structure, 13-5, 13-9, 13-13, 13-15
Cascade control, 13-18
Ratio control, 13-19
Step response of the control loop, 13-5,
13-9, 13-13
External error, 12-2
F
FB
FB
FB
FB
52 FMT_PID, 8-3
53 FMT_PAR, 8-14
54 FMT_CJ_T, 8-18
58 TCONT_CP
Block diagram PID algorithm, 6-25
Manipulated value calculation, 6-25
FB FMT_DS1, 8-19
FB FMT_PV, 8-20, 8-21

A5E00142771-01
Index
Feedforward control, 6-11

Fields of application, of FM 355-2, 1-4
Filter, 2-6
Fine tuning, manual, 7-28
Firmware update, 2-16
FM 355, 2-2, 2-8, 4-5
FM 355-2, Order nos. of, 1-1
FM 355-2
Basic structure, 2-2
Control mechanism, 2-10
database, 2-10
Fields of application, 1-4
Hardware, 1-5
implementation in a project, 9-2
mounting on profile rail, 3-4
parameter assignment, 2-11
Rules for operation, 2-15
Software, 1-7
Technical data, A-3
Variants, 1-1
FM 355-2 inputs, 2-2, 2-5
FM 355-2 C, 2-4
Block diagram, 2-3
Connection options, 2-3
Sample application, 13-3
FM 355-2 C front connectors, 4-2, 4-3
FM 355-2 database, 2-10
FM 355-2 hardware, 1-5
FM 355-2 operating modes, 1-2
FM 355-2 S
connection options, 2-4
Sample application, 13-11
FM 355-2 S digital outputs, 2-9
FM 355-2 S front connectors, 4-4
FM 355-2 software, 1-7
FM-approbation, A-1
FMT_CJ_T, 8-18
FMT_PAR, 8-14
FMT_PID, 8-3
FMT_PV, 8-21
FMT_TUN, 8-20
for tuning, Getting ready, 7-11
Four-wire-measurement transducer, 11-2
Four-wire-measuring transducer, Connection,
11-11
Front connector
Connecting options, 1-5
Order, 1-5
Pin-out, 4-2, 4-4
Wiring, 4-9
wiring, 4-9

A5E00142771-01
Front connector coding , 1-6

Function blocks, Technical data, A-8
G
Group error-LED, 12-2
H
Heating process, 7-2
HW-installation and wiring, 9-1
I
Input delay, 10-2
Input filter, 10-2
Installation, 5-1
Installation- and removal of the FM 355-2, 3-4
Instance-DB
create and configure, 8-2
generating, 9-4
of FB 52 FMT_PID, C-2
of FB 53 FMT_PAR, C-21
of FB 54 FMT_CJ_T, C-23
of FB 55 FMT_DS1, C-25
of FB 56 FMT_TUN, C-27
of FB 57 FMT_PV, C-31
Integral-control, 6-15
Integration time, 10-4
Internal error, 12-2
Interrupt, 6-9
L
Labeling strips, 1-6
LEDs, Meaning, 1-6
Limiting of the manipulated value, 6-20
Limiting/Scaling, 6-8
Line frequency, Adaptation, 2-5
Linearity , 7-5
Loads
connecting to analog output, 11-13
connecting to digital output, 11-15
connection to analog output, 11-14
M
Manipulated value, limiting, 6-20
Manipulated variable, at restart, 2-15
Index-3
Index
Manual mode, 6-19, 7-6, 7-25, C-6, C-7, E-1,

E-2
Marking, CE, A-2
Maximum number, of FM 355 used-2, 3-2
Measurement range overflow, 12-7
Measurement range underflow, 12-7
Measurement transducer, isolated, 11-3
Measurement transducer error, 12-7
Measurement transducers
Connecting, 11-2
non-isolated, 11-4
to analog input, 11-3
Measurement value resolution, 10-4
Measurement-signals, 7-27
Measuring transducer disturbance, 6-20
Modifying controller parameters, 8-3
via FMT_PID, 8-6
Module address, enter in DB, 8-2
Module view, 1-5
Monitoring with FMT_PID, 8-5
Mounting position, 3-2
Multiplication, 6-8
O
OB 82, Diagnostics interrupt, 12-3
Online-Help, 1-7
Operating point
with setpoint jump, 7-12
without setpoint jump, 7-13
Operating range, 7-5
Operator control errors, compensating, 7-14
Operator control via FMT_PID, 8-4
Order number, 1-6
P
Parallel tuning, 7-31
Parameter, Direct download, 2-11
Parameter assignment, 2-11, 9-3
Parameter assignment screen forms,
integrated help, 5-2
PD controller, step response, 6-15
PD-control, 6-15
PI-control, 6-14
PI-controller, step response, 6-14
PID-control, 6-16
PID-controller
Configuration, 6-17
Step response, 6-16
Index-4
Pin-out
FM 355-2 C, 4-3
FM 355-2 S, 4-5
Point of inflection, 7-25
identifying, 7-16
Polyline, 2-6
Position feedback input, 6-19
Power supply, to the transducers, 4-7
Power supply L+, M, 4-7
Process simulation, 13-4, 13-8
Process type, checking the, 7-17
Process types, 7-3
Processing sequence, 2-13, 2-14, 2-15
Program samples, 5-1
Proportional-control, 6-13
Pulse shaper, 6-23, 7-30
pulse shaper, 6-20
Pulse width modulation, 6-24
Pulse-free changeover, 6-14
R
Ramp, 6-8
Ratio control, Example, 13-19
README-File, 5-1
Reconfiguration, program controlled, 8-7
Reference input, 10-4
Reference junction, 1-3, 2-6, 2-13, 11-7
with thermocouple, 11-6
Reference junction input, 2-15
Reference junction temperature, 10-4, 11-5
compensation, 11-6
measurement, 11-6
Reference point, 11-2, 11-13
Release, 1-6
Removal of the FM 355-2, 3-4
Removing the FM 355-2, 3-5
Resistance thermometers, connection, 11-12
Resolution, Measurement value, 10-4
RET_VAL-messages, D-1
Rules for operation, 2-15
S
Safe manipulated value, 6-20
Safe setpoint, 6-7
Safety rules, 3-3
Sample application
Diagnostics, 13-15
FM 355-2 S, 13-11

A5E00142771-01
Index
Sample program
Application, 13-3, 13-11
application, 13-7
Sampling time, 2-14, 2-15
Saving configuration data, 9-3
Saving the project, 9-6
Scaling, 2-6
Self-adjusting controller, 1-2
Setpoint, 6-7
Pre-processing, 6-7
Setpoint jump, 7-12
Simulation
of analog values, 8-21
of digital values, 8-21
Slots, permissible, 3-2
Split-range, 6-21, 6-23
Split-range function of the three-component
controller, 6-24
Split-range manipulated value, 6-20
Square root, 2-6
Start address, 3-2
Startup response, FM 355-2, 2-15
Status-LEDs, 1-6
Step controller output, 8-13
Step controller with position feedback, 6-26
Step controller without position feedback, 6-26
Step controllers, Peculiarities, 7-21
Step- and pulse controller, 1-1
T
Technical data
FM 355-2, A-3
Function blocks (FBs), A-8
Temperature, Centigrade/Fahrenheit, 2-6
Temperature control, 1-4
Temperature control systems, Characteristics
of important, 7-4
Terminal assignment, 1-6

A5E00142771-01
Thermocouple, 11-5
connecting, 11-7
Connection options, 11-7
Operational characteristics, 11-5
Reference junction, 11-6
Structure, 11-5
Types, 11-5
with configured compensation, 11-9
with external compensation, 11-8
with internal compensation, 11-9
Three-step action controller, 6-24
Transient response, 7-5
Tuning
aborting, 7-25
result, 7-23
starting, 7-12
with step controller, 7-21
Tuning the control system, 9-4
Two, wire, 11-11
Two-step action controller, 6-23
Two-wire-measurement transducer, 11-2
U
UL, A-1
User data, implementation, 9-4
User program, link, 8-3
V
Voltage transducers, 11-2
Connection, 11-10
W
Wire break, 12-7
Wire end ferrule, 4-9
Index-5
Index
Index-6

A5E00142771-01

FM355 2 TemperatureControl

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FM355 2 TemperatureControl

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Preface, Contents

Installation and removal of the

Wiring the FM 355-2

Installing the parameter assignment application package

How does the FM 355-2 control

Implementing FM 355-2 in the

Commissioning the FM 355-2

Characteristics of digital and

Errors and diagnostics

with the hardware and software described. Since deviations

Purpose of this manual

Content of the manual

Controlling with the FM 355-2

Installation and removal of the FM 355-2

Wiring the FM 355-2

Software package installation

Programming the FM 355-2

Basic knowledge required

Where is this manual valid?

Temperature controller FM 355-2

Its place in the information environment

S7-300, M7-300 PLCs; Module Data

Installation, CPU Data

ET 200M Distributed I/O Device

+49 (911) 895-3200.

Temperature controller FM 355-2

A&D Technical Support

+49 (0) 180 5050-222

+49 (0) 180 5050-223

Europe / Africa (Nuremberg)

America (Johnson City)

Asia / Australia (Singapore)

Technical Support and

Technical Support and

Local time: Mon.-Fri. 7:00 to 17:00

Local time: Mon.-Fri. 8:00 to 17:00

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Temperature controller FM 355-2

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Temperature controller FM 355-2

Fields of application of the FM 355-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Basic structure of FM 355-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Control mechanism of the FM 355-2 database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Installation and removal of the FM 355-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Preparing for installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Installation and removal of the FM 355-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wiring the FM 355-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Pin-out of the front connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Front connector wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Module status after initial power on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Installing the parameter assignment application package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

How does the FM 355-2 control processes? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Temperature controller FM 355-2

Overall controller tuning process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Starting tuning (Phase 1 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Identifying the point of inflection (Phase 2)

Checking the process type (Phase 7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .